CN101658201B - 凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料，其技术方案的要点是，凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料由膏状凹凸棒石粘土、壳聚糖、超细聚乙烯醇、六偏磷酸钠、双乙酸钠、高吸水树脂和去离子水组成。凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的生产方法是：配料、搅拌、粉碎、研磨、搅拌、脱气、罐装为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的成品。凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料成膜性能好，凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料涂抹在果蔬的表面后，快速形成一层“密封薄膜”保护层，可抑制、杀灭多种霉菌、细菌及其它腐败菌，能有效防止果蔬营养物质及水分的流失，保持其原始风味，其保鲜期长达60天以上。凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料既可喷雾，又可涂刷，还可浸渍覆盖于果蔬的表面。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料，具体涉及一种凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料。
背景技术
水果和蔬菜采摘后果实组织中仍进行着活跃的新陈代谢过程，对微生物的侵入有抗御能力。但当这种生命体发展到过熟阶段，新陈代谢变慢甚至停止，果实成份与组织均发生了不可逆转的变化，使其失去营养价值和特有风味，在微生物作用下开始腐烂。
由于保鲜技术相对滞后，致使许多优质水果、蔬菜在贮藏与运输过程中损失惨重。
大力开发保鲜技术，让消费者一年四季能吃到刚采摘的新鲜果蔬产品和提高果蔬产品的附加值是一个很重要的研究课题。
中国专利授权公告号为：CN 1234283，专利公告日：2006年1月4日，名称为“果蔬保鲜剂及其制法”，公开了“一种果蔬保鲜剂，其特征是：它是装在纸袋或布袋中的由下列组分及质量份数组成的组合物：(1)活性吸附剂，0.5～5份，它是吸附有高锰酸钾的活性碳、活性白土、凹凸棒土、或硅藻土，(2)氧吸收剂，0.5～5份，是铁粉，(3)乙烯吸收剂，0.5～5份，它是沸石或膨润土，(4)二氧化碳吸收剂，0.5～5份，它是消石灰或焦碳分子筛，(5)抗菌剂，1份，它是苯甲酸钠，(6)辅助剂，1～10份，它是等质量的氯化钠和结晶碳酸钠组成的混合物或等质量的氯化钙和结晶碳酸钠组成的混合物。采用本发明的果蔬保鲜剂，每500克番茄用5克保鲜剂，可保鲜60天，基本不变质。”
上述专利的特点是果蔬保鲜剂是一种颗粒保鲜剂，“包装于纸、布等材料制备的小袋中，与果蔬不直接接触”，不足之处是该项技术生产的果蔬保鲜剂，仅是装在袋中的一种颗粒状组合物，单纯依靠吸附的作用，并不能起到很好的防腐保鲜的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中不足之处，提供一种凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料由膏状凹凸棒石粘土、壳聚糖、超细聚乙烯醇、六偏磷酸钠、双乙酸钠、高吸水树脂和去离子水组成。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的生产方法是：配料、搅拌、粉碎、研磨、搅拌、脱气、罐装为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的成品。
凹凸棒石粘土是一种含水富镁纳米级多孔纤维状硅酸盐粘土矿物，当凹凸棒石粘土中的凹凸棒含量≥80％以上时，其比表面积较大，可达500m2/g以上，大部分的阳离子、水分子和一定大小的有机分子均可直接被吸附进孔道中，其吸水性可达150％以上。
使用凹凸棒矿造浆生产工艺，将凹凸棒石粘土中的水云母、石英、蛋白石和碳酸盐等矿物筛选去除掉，得到一种膏状凹凸棒石粘土，具有超细微粒、摩擦硬度小、无砂粒感和柔软细腻无异味的特点。
膏状凹凸棒石粘土经过高速强力搅拌，成为一种分散性、触变性和胶黏性特好的天然凝胶体，粘度高达10000mPa·s以上，附着力、吸附性能和保湿性能都得到了进一步的提高。
壳聚糖具有良好的保湿性、润湿性、防止产生静电，且无毒副作用，易于生物降解，有良好的生物相容性，壳聚糖具有良好的成膜特性和抗菌保鲜防腐能力。
超细聚乙烯醇粉末易溶于水，粘度稳定，不受弱酸、弱碱或有机溶剂的影响，耐油性高，易成膜，形成的薄膜无色透明，具有良好的机械强度，表面光洁而不发粘。
六偏磷酸钠是一种水分保持剂和保鲜剂，能减少果蔬水分损失，保持其鲜艳色泽，防止果蔬产生萎蔫现象，本发明选用食品级六偏磷酸钠。
双乙酸钠是一种新型的安全、高效、广谱和经济实用的防霉防腐保鲜剂，保持果蔬原有的色香味和营养成份。
高吸水树脂的吸水量大，可达自身质量的数百倍甚至上千倍。吸水速度可在数秒内生成凝胶，并且保水性强，即使在受热、加压条件下也不易失水，对光、热、酸碱的稳定性好，具有良好的生物降解性能。
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：
1、凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：膏状凹凸棒石粘土15～65％、壳聚糖0.1～5％、超细聚乙烯醇0.1～5％、六聚偏磷酸钠0.1～1％、双乙酸钠0.01～3％、高吸水树脂0.01～2％和去离子水30～80％。
2、凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的生产方法是：(1)将凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料加入搅拌机内进行低速搅拌混合均匀后，输入粉碎打浆机中进行粉碎打浆为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的混合物；(2)将步骤(1)获得的混合物输入多功能胶体磨中进行研磨为糊状混合物，颗粒细度小于0.005毫米；(3)将步骤(2)获得的研磨后的糊状混合物，输入超高速搅拌机中进行高速强力搅拌为膏状半成品；(4)将步骤(3)获得的膏状半成品进行真空脱气工艺处理，罐装为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的成品。
所述膏状凹凸棒石粘土的生产工艺：将凹凸棒矿输入搅拌机内搅拌，经挤出机挤压成片状后，再次输入搅拌机内搅拌，经挤出机挤压成片状后自然晾晒，晾干的凹凸棒矿输送到原料池中浸泡，用气泵冲翻，沉淀后放出浸泡水，筛去杂质，输入半成品池中，重新加水浸泡，用气泵冲翻，沉淀后放出浸泡水，并将沉淀后的泥浆输送到成品池内，即为膏状凹凸棒石粘土。
本生产工艺是采用由本发明人于2004年1月6日申请的“凹凸棒矿造浆生产工艺”，中国专利授权公告号为：CN1287965C，授权公告日：2006年12月6日。
所述膏状凹凸棒石粘土按重量百分比由下列组分组成：凹凸棒石粘土25～40％，水60～75％。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料成膜性能好，凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料涂抹在果蔬的表面后，快速形成一层“密封薄膜”保护层，可抑制、杀灭多种霉菌、细菌及其它腐败菌，能有效防止果蔬营养物质及水分的流失，保持其原始风味，其保鲜期长达60天以上。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料涂抹在果蔬的表面，形成的保鲜膜机械强度好，可以避免相互摩擦造成的损伤。
食用果蔬前将果蔬放在水中浸泡，不需要添加任何洗涤剂，可以迅速将果蔬表面的凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料洗去，而且还能将沾染在果蔬表面的其它污渍也洗涤干净。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料既可喷雾，又可涂刷，还可浸渍覆盖于果蔬的表面。
凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料也适用于涂刷在果蔬保鲜箱、保鲜瓦楞纸板和果蔬保鲜容器内。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：
1、凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：膏状凹凸棒石粘土25％、壳聚糖1.5％、超细聚乙烯醇1.3％、六聚偏磷酸钠0.2％、双乙酸钠1.5％、高吸水树脂0.5％和去离子水70％。
2、凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的生产方法是：(1)将凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料加入搅拌机内进行低速搅拌混合均匀后，输入粉碎打浆机中进行粉碎打浆为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的混合物；(2)将步骤(1)获得的混合物输入多功能胶体磨中进行研磨为糊状混合物，颗粒细度小于0.005毫米；(3)将步骤(2)获得的研磨后的糊状混合物，输入超高速搅拌机中进行高速强力搅拌为膏状半成品；(4)将步骤(3)获得的膏状半成品进行真空脱气工艺处理，罐装为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的成品。
所述膏状凹凸棒石粘土按重量百分比由下列组分组成：凹凸棒石粘土30％，水70％。
Claims (1)
1.一种凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料，其特征在于，凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：膏状凹凸棒石粘土15～65％、壳聚糖0.1～5％、超细聚乙烯醇0.1～5％、六聚偏磷酸钠0.1～1％、双乙酸钠0.01～3％、高吸水树脂0.01～2％和去离子水30～80％；
所述凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的生产方法是：(1)将凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的配料加入搅拌机内进行低速搅拌混合均匀后，输入粉碎打浆机中进行粉碎打浆为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的混合物；(2)将步骤(1)获得的混合物输入多功能胶体磨中进行研磨为糊状混合物，颗粒细度小于0.005毫米；(3)将步骤(2)获得的研磨后的糊状混合物，输入超高速搅拌机中进行高速强力搅拌为膏状半成品；(4)将步骤(3)获得的膏状半成品进行真空脱气工艺处理，罐装为凹凸棒果蔬保鲜涂料的成品；
所述膏状凹凸棒石粘土的生产工艺：将凹凸棒矿输入搅拌机内搅拌，经挤出机挤压成片状后，再次输入搅拌机内搅拌，经挤出机挤压成片状后自然晾晒，晾干的凹凸棒矿输送到原料池中浸泡，用气泵冲翻，沉淀后放出浸泡水，筛去杂质，输入半成品池中，重新加水浸泡，用气泵冲翻，沉淀后放出浸泡水，并将沉淀后的泥浆输送到成品池内，即为膏状凹凸棒石粘土；
所述膏状凹凸棒石粘土按重量百分比由下列组分组成：凹凸棒石粘土25～40％，水60～75％。
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