CN109438940A - 一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可生物降解果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法及应用,其主要包括以下步骤:(1)制备射干、姜黄、杨树花中草药复方提取物溶液;(2)制备壳聚糖抑菌‑抗氧化纳米粒粉末,将中草药复方提取物溶液与壳聚糖溶液混合制备成具有抑菌‑抗氧化功效的纳米粒粉末;(3)制备高填料含量母粒,加入纳米粒粉末、分子筛、聚乳酸和环氧化棕榈油通过熔融共混制备高填料含量母粒;(4)制备薄膜母粒,将聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油和高填料含量母粒进行二次造粒制备薄膜母粒;(6)制备薄膜,使用挤出流延机制备可降解果蔬保鲜膜。本发明制得的果蔬保鲜膜具有抑菌、抗氧化、气调保鲜等作用,所用材料均可降解、对环境友好,适于推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保鲜膜,特别是一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
果蔬含有人类生活所需要的多种营养物质,但是果蔬生产存在着较强的季节性、区域性及果蔬本身具有易腐性,这同广大消费者对果蔬的多样性及淡季调节的迫切性相矛盾,因此依靠先进的科学和技术,尽可能长地保持果蔬的天然品质和特性成为食品领域中一项重要的课题。目前,果蔬保鲜领域采用的保鲜手段主要有物理、化学和生物三大类,每一类衍生的新技术很多,各自依托不同的保鲜原理。
中国专利CN201410120897.1公开了一种湿敏性可控释放抗菌保鲜包装薄膜及其制备方法,抗菌保鲜包装薄膜的材料包括电晕处理过的聚乙烯薄膜和涂布在聚乙烯薄膜上由PVA、玉米淀粉、牛至精油、肉桂精油、罗勒精油、迷迭香精油、乳化剂、蒸馏水制成的抗菌涂层,使用的材料成本高,且所用薄膜母料为聚乙烯,其降解难,对环境可产生污染。CN201310071444.X公开了一种可控释放的果蔬保鲜剂药包及包装膜的制作方法,将山梨酸钾溶于溶剂得到混合保鲜剂溶液,将混合保鲜剂溶液吸附嵌于膨胀蛭石的载体中,再用改性聚烯烃材料进行包装密封,改性聚烯烃材料是以LDPE、LLDPE、CPP为基体树脂,与2~15wt%SBS和/或5~50wt%的无定形物质共混后,经吹塑或共挤出形成的薄膜。在制作过程中使用了防腐剂及不可降解的原材料,防腐剂在包装膜中的迁移难以控制。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明公开了一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法及应用,采用可降解及环境友好的材料为主要基材制备一款同时具有抑菌、抗氧化、可气调、可生物降解效果的环保型果蔬保鲜膜,适于推广应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备中草药复方提取物溶液:将射干、姜黄、杨树花按照比例称取,其中射干、姜黄切成片状,将三种中药混合后置于同体积的0.02g/mL的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,然后干燥粉碎,所得混合物料粉末放入其质量的2~4倍的体积的50%乙醇溶液中,60℃恒温水浴中提取1~2h,真空抽滤,收集滤液,并将滤液旋转蒸发至1g/mL备用;
(2)制备壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末:将壳聚糖溶于1%醋酸溶液中配置成1.5mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液,在室温、磁力搅拌的条件下,缓慢加入中草药复方提取物溶液,然后缓慢加入1mg/mL三聚磷酸钠水溶液,反应1~2h,出现蓝白色乳光,即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒悬浮液,将悬浮液在高速离心机中离心20~30min,除去上清液得纳米粒子,用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次,冷冻干燥后即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末;
(3)制备高填料含量母粒:将壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油按比例称取,经转速为400rpm的高速混合机混匀30~40min,然后将混合物料添加到同向双螺杆挤出机的料斗中捏合挤出,经冷水槽冷却后切割,得到粗细均匀的高填料含量母粒;
(4)制备薄膜母粒:在同向双螺杆挤出机料斗中加入高填料母粒、聚乳酸与环氧化棕榈油,重复步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的操作进行二次造粒,获得薄膜母粒;
(5)制备薄膜:将薄膜母粒加入塑料挤出流延机中将薄膜母粒挤出流延成薄膜。
作为本发明的进一步说明:步骤(1)中,射干、姜黄、杨树花的质量比为3:2:(0.5~1)。
作为本发明的进一步说明:步骤(2)中,壳聚糖、中草药复方提取物溶液、三聚磷酸钠水溶液加入体积比为2:1:1。
作为本发明的进一步说明:步骤(3)中,壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油的质量比为3:(0.1~0.5):6:(1~2)。
作为本发明的进一步说明:所述同向双螺杆机挤出造粒温度设定为进料口170℃、中间段为175℃、挤出头为180℃。
作为本发明的进一步说明:步骤(4)中,高填料含量母粒、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油的质量比为6:3:(0.5~1)。
作为本发明的进一步说明:所述挤出流延机的参数设置为由进料端到模头的四段温度依次为140℃、185℃、185℃、200℃,挤出模头两端温度为215℃,中间温度为200℃;从近模头端到远模头端导辊的速度分别为流延冷却辊转速1.1m/min,牵引辊转速1.7m/min,卷取辊转速为9rpm。
作为本发明的进一步说明:一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜材料,通过上述的方法制备得到。
作为本发明的进一步说明:所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜在果蔬保鲜包装材料领域中的应用。
本发明的技术原理如下:
塑料制品的广泛使用极大方便了人们的日常生活,但大量不可降解的塑料造成大量的环境污染。在众多可降解的聚合物中,聚乳酸被认为是最重要的来源于可再生物质的聚酯,但由于其独特的力学性能,聚乳酸的断裂伸长率仅为5%,柔软性能和弹性差,为典型的脆性材料,在制膜过程中,成膜效果差。
棕榈油是一种热带木本植物油,是一种饱和度较高的油脂,在塑料薄膜制备中,由于植物油中拥有一定量的反应性碳-碳双键,影响到塑料的硫化过程,从而影响弹性体链间硫化的反应性,该机理与硬度下降、伸长率增大一致,且碳-碳双键的增多,所制成的塑料更易氧化老化。在高饱和度的环氧化棕榈油中,其所含的碳碳双键数量远低于普通棕榈油和其他植物油,与聚乳酸拥有良好的相容性,在成塑过程中减少了对硫化反应的影响,能很好的增加聚乳酸的断裂伸长率,提高薄膜的柔软性和弹性。
日本的许多学者研究在薄膜中添加各种多孔型矿物,因为多孔,故能吸收乙烯。日本生产的果蔬用功能性保鲜薄膜的成分很多是多孔型矿物,如方解石、斜方沸石、丝光沸石、煤类活性炭,这类多孔型矿物一般有以下特点:能吸收果蔬中产生的乙烯和二氧化硫等气体;可防止水分蒸发,透湿性好;能吸收微生物,抑制病菌的滋生;能吸收异臭分子,防止异臭的发生。ZSM-5分子筛属于多孔型矿物,在国内已有广泛的用途,主要应用在柴油临氢降凝催化剂,固定床催化裂化催化剂,其主要由二氧化硅和三氧化二铝组成,具有稳定的晶体结构,能很好的吸收果蔬产生的乙烯气体,且其无毒,可被广泛使用。
多孔型矿物的增加还能增加薄膜的透气性。对于O2、CO2、水蒸气等气体渗透性来说,聚乳酸薄膜的气体渗透率远高于普通的PA(尼龙)、PVDC(聚偏二氯乙烯),但O2的渗透率较低,为了进一步提高聚乳酸材料的包装功效,特别是在果蔬保鲜包装中的功效,通过共混、共聚、复合等方法改性聚乳酸的包装性能。而多孔型矿物质在薄膜的透气性中具有优良的效果,且ZSM-5分子筛中只有比晶孔小的分子可以出入,ZSM-5分子筛十元环构成的孔道体系具有中等大小孔口直径,使它具有很好的选择性。在常见的气体中,二氧化碳分子直径最大,在聚乳酸薄膜中添加ZSM-5分子筛后能减少二氧化碳气体的溢出,促进包装内氧气及其他气体分子的排出,使包装内维持在低氧和含有一定二氧化碳的水平,抑制果蔬的呼吸作用,从而抑制果蔬的腐烂。
壳聚糖可用于制备果蔬保鲜涂膜,用壳聚糖进行涂膜保鲜,其膜层具有通透性、阻水性,可以对各种气体分子增加穿透阻力,形成了一种微气调环境,使果蔬组织内的二氧化碳含量增加,氧气含量降低,抑制了果蔬的呼吸代谢和水分散失,减缓果蔬组织和结构衰老,从而有效地延长果蔬的采后寿命。壳聚糖添加到聚乳酸制备的薄膜中与ZSM-5分子筛具有相同的功能,能增加聚乳酸薄膜的透气性。除此之外,壳聚糖还是优良的药物载体,通过螯合、包裹、交联等作用与多种药物分子结合,形成纳米粒子,延长药物的保留时间。通过添加壳聚糖,可以进一步提高聚乳酸材料的包装功效。
用壳聚糖包载功能性成分用于聚乳酸制备的保鲜膜中能进一步提高聚乳酸材料的包装功能。在果蔬保鲜中,果蔬腐烂主要是由于微生物引起,包装材料具有抑菌性,能很好的解决果蔬的保鲜运输中果蔬腐烂的问题。射干、姜黄、杨树花为常见中草药,该三种中草药,均具有抑菌的功效,且三者的抑菌效果具有协同增效的作用,将其添加到果蔬保鲜膜中,能很好的抑制果蔬腐烂菌和致病菌,延长果蔬的寿命。同时,三种中草药的醇提物均具有抗氧化功能,在形成抑菌保护膜的同时还能抑制果蔬表面组织的氧化。
中草药复方提取物溶液通过壳聚糖的包载,能很好的延长提取物在包装中的抑菌效果,且通过壳聚糖的包载,在制膜过程中不影响其他原料的制膜过程。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)所用材料均为可生物降解、对环境友好的材料,减少保鲜膜对环境的污染。
(2)具有良好的抑菌、抗氧化功能,能有效减少果蔬表面水分的散失,维持果蔬较高的营养成分。
(3)保鲜膜为气调包装,具有良好的透气性和透湿性,控制保鲜膜内二氧化碳和氧气、水汽的平衡。
(4)所用材料成本低,制备方法简单,可适于推广。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
(1)制备可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜
a.制备中草药复方提取物溶液:将射干、姜黄、杨树花按照3:2:0.5的比例称取,其中射干、姜黄切成片状,将三种中药混合后置于同体积的0.02g/mL的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,然后干燥粉碎,所得混合物料粉末放入其质量的2倍的体积的50%乙醇溶液中,60℃恒温水浴中提取2h,真空抽滤,收集滤液,并将滤液旋转蒸发至1g/mL备用;
b.制备壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末:将壳聚糖溶于1%醋酸溶液中配置成1.5mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液,在室温、磁力搅拌的条件下,缓慢加入壳聚糖体积的0.5倍的中草药复方提取物溶液,然后缓慢加入1mg/mL三聚磷酸钠水溶液,加入体积与中草药复方溶液体积相同,反应2h,出现蓝白色乳光,即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒悬浮液,将悬浮液在高速离心机中离心30min,除去上清液得纳米粒子,用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次,冷冻干燥后即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末;
c.制备高填料含量母粒:将壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油按3:0.1:6:1比例称取,经转速为400rpm的高速混合机混匀30min,然后将混合物料添加到同向双螺杆挤出机的料斗中捏合挤出,经冷水槽冷却后切割,得到粗细均匀的高填料含量母粒,所述同向双螺杆机挤出造粒温度设定为进料口170℃、中间段为175℃、挤出头为180℃;
d.制备薄膜母粒:在同向双螺杆挤出机料斗中加入高填料母粒、聚乳酸与环氧化棕榈油,加入比例为6:3:0.5,重复步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的操作进行二次造粒,获得薄膜母粒;
e.制备薄膜:将薄膜母粒加入塑料挤出流延机中将薄膜母粒挤出流延成薄膜,所述挤出流延机的参数设置为由进料端到模头的四段温度依次为140℃、185℃、185℃、200℃,挤出模头两端温度为215℃,中间温度为200℃;从近模头端到远模头端导辊的速度分别为流延冷却辊转速1.1m/min,牵引辊转速1.7m/min,卷取辊转速为9rpm。
(2)保鲜膜抑菌检测
本发明采用琼脂平皿扩散法评价可降解保鲜膜对标准菌株金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌性能。金黄色葡萄球菌所用培养基为营养肉汤培养基,大肠杆菌所用培养基为NA培养基。
将步骤(1)中制备获得的保鲜膜用打孔器打出直径6mm的圆形,采用紫外杀菌30min。
菌液的培养:从3~10代的细菌保存菌种斜面上取一环细菌,在琼脂平板上划线,并在37℃下培养18~24h。用接菌环从平板中挑出典型的菌落接种于10mL的细菌培养基中,于37℃振荡培养18~24h后得到菌悬液。制得的菌悬液中菌落数较大,需要将菌悬液中的菌落数控制在相同的数量级,以保证菌液浓度一定。
涂板:用移液枪吸取50μL菌液(菌液的浓度:1×108~5×108Cfu/ml),并用涂布棒均匀地涂布在琼脂培养基上。
试样放置:用酒精灯外焰灼烧镊子,待镊子冷却至室温后,用镊子取制备好的保鲜膜样品,并将其轻轻放置在培养基上使试样紧贴培养基,三个平行,并采用经过紫外杀菌的普通保鲜膜作为空白对照。
细菌培养及抑菌圈测量:将放置好试样的培养皿放入隔水恒温培养箱中,在37±2℃条件下培养18~24h,测量抑菌圈宽度:用直尺测量抑菌圈直径,不同方向测四次,取平均值作为样品的抑菌圈直径,保鲜膜抗菌效果如表1所示。
表1可生物降解保鲜膜对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑制效果
由表1可以看出,本发明中制备的可生物降解保鲜膜对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有显著的抑制效果,而普通的保鲜膜基本没有抑菌圈,抑菌效果差。
实施例2
(1)制备可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜
a.制备中草药复方提取物溶液:将射干、姜黄、杨树花按照3:2:1的比例称取,其中射干、姜黄切成片状,将三种中药混合后置于同体积的0.02g/mL的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,然后干燥粉碎,所得混合物料粉末放入其质量的4倍的体积的50%乙醇溶液中,60℃恒温水浴中提取1h,真空抽滤,收集滤液,并将滤液旋转蒸发至1g/mL备用;
b.制备壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末:将壳聚糖溶于1%醋酸溶液中配置成1.5mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液,在室温、磁力搅拌的条件下,缓慢加入壳聚糖体积的0.5倍的中草药复方提取物溶液,然后缓慢加入1mg/mL三聚磷酸钠水溶液,加入体积与中草药复方溶液体积相同,反应1h,出现蓝白色乳光,即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒悬浮液,将悬浮液在高速离心机中离心20min,除去上清液得纳米粒子,用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次,冷冻干燥后即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末;
c.制备高填料含量母粒:将壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油按3:0.5:6:2比例称取,经转速为400rpm的高速混合机混匀40min,然后将混合物料添加到同向双螺杆挤出机的料斗中捏合挤出,经冷水槽冷却后切割,得到粗细均匀的高填料含量母粒,所述同向双螺杆机挤出造粒温度设定为进料口170℃、中间段为175℃、挤出头为180℃;
d.制备薄膜母粒:在同向双螺杆挤出机料斗中加入高填料母粒、聚乳酸与环氧化棕榈油,加入比例为6:3:1,重复步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的操作进行二次造粒,获得薄膜母粒;
e.制备薄膜:将薄膜母粒加入塑料挤出流延机中将薄膜母粒挤出流延成薄膜,所述挤出流延机的参数设置为由进料端到模头的四段温度依次为140℃、185℃、185℃、200℃,挤出模头两端温度为215℃,中间温度为200℃;从近模头端到远模头端导辊的速度分别为流延冷却辊转速1.1m/min,牵引辊转速1.7m/min,卷取辊转速为9rpm。
(2)保鲜效果
以柑橘、圣女果、冬枣为被保鲜材料,将所制备的可生物降解保鲜膜制作成保鲜袋,同时以市售普通保鲜膜为对比,在25℃环境下保鲜水果14天,计算水果的失重率和好果率。其中失重率的计算公式为:
失重率=(m-m1)/m×100
其中,m为贮藏前果实的重量,单位为g;
m1为贮藏14天后果实的重量,单位为g;
其中好果率的计算公式为:
好果率=(总果数-腐烂果实数)/总果数×100
在保鲜过程中以果实无病斑、无腐烂、没变软为好果。保鲜膜对水果的保鲜效果如表2所示。
表2保鲜膜对水果的保鲜效果
由表2可以看出,与市售的普通保鲜膜相比,本发明制备的可生物降解保鲜膜对水果的保鲜效果增加,能有效减少果蔬表面水分的散失,维持果蔬较高的营养成分,减少果蔬的腐烂、变质。
实施例3:
(1)制备可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜
a.制备中草药复方提取物溶液:将射干、姜黄、杨树花按照3:2:0.8的比例称取,其中射干、姜黄切成片状,将三种中药混合后置于同体积的0.02g/mL的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,然后干燥粉碎,所得混合物料粉末放入其质量的3倍的体积的50%乙醇溶液中,60℃恒温水浴中提取1.5h,真空抽滤,收集滤液,并将滤液旋转蒸发至1g/mL备用;
b.制备壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末:将壳聚糖溶于1%醋酸溶液中配置成1.5mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液,在室温、磁力搅拌的条件下,缓慢加入壳聚糖体积的0.5倍的中草药复方提取物溶液,然后缓慢加入1mg/mL三聚磷酸钠水溶液,加入体积与中草药复方溶液体积相同,反应1.5h,出现蓝白色乳光,即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒悬浮液,将悬浮液在高速离心机中离心25min,除去上清液得纳米粒子,用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次,冷冻干燥后即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末;
c.制备高填料含量母粒:将壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油按3:0.3:6:1.7比例称取,经转速为400rpm的高速混合机混匀35min,然后将混合物料添加到同向双螺杆挤出机的料斗中捏合挤出,经冷水槽冷却后切割,得到粗细均匀的高填料含量母粒,所述同向双螺杆机挤出造粒温度设定为进料口170℃、中间段为175℃、挤出头为180℃;
d.制备薄膜母粒:在同向双螺杆挤出机料斗中加入高填料母粒、聚乳酸与环氧化棕榈油,加入比例为6:3:0.9,重复步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的操作进行二次造粒,获得薄膜母粒;
e.制备薄膜:将薄膜母粒加入塑料挤出流延机中将薄膜母粒挤出流延成薄膜,所述挤出流延机的参数设置为由进料端到模头的四段温度依次为140℃、185℃、185℃、200℃,挤出模头两端温度为215℃,中间温度为200℃;从近模头端到远模头端导辊的速度分别为流延冷却辊转速1.1m/min,牵引辊转速1.7m/min,卷取辊转速为9rpm。
(2)气调效果检测
以樱桃、芦笋为被保鲜材料,将所制备的可生物降解保鲜膜制作成保鲜袋,同时以市售普通保鲜膜为对比,在25℃环境下保鲜水果14天,测定保鲜膜内的二氧化碳、氧气含量,测定结果如表3所示。
表3保鲜袋内二氧化碳、氧气的检测结果
由表3可知,通过改良的保鲜膜,能很好的平衡保鲜袋内的气体,使果蔬处在一个低氧并含有一定量的二氧化碳环境中,低氧可以抑制呼吸、减缓衰老,同时抑制部分微生物的生长;一定量的二氧化碳可以使保鲜袋内保持微酸的环境,也可以抑制部分微生物的生长。普通保鲜膜中,并不能有效的调节袋内空间气体的含量,由于包扎时没有进行任何的气体保护,主要为空气,空气中的氧气含量高,果蔬可利用空气中的氧气继续进行呼吸反应,微生物亦能利用多余的氧气繁殖,致使果蔬保鲜效果下降。
Claims (9)
1.一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备中草药复方提取物溶液:将射干、姜黄、杨树花按照比例称取,其中射干、姜黄切成片状,将三种中药混合后置于同体积的0.02g/mL的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡10min,然后干燥粉碎,所得混合物料粉末放入其质量的2~4倍的体积的50%乙醇溶液中,60℃恒温水浴中提取1~2h,真空抽滤,收集滤液,并将滤液旋转蒸发至1g/mL备用;
(2)制备壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末:将壳聚糖溶于1%醋酸溶液中配置成1.5mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液,在室温、磁力搅拌的条件下,缓慢加入中草药复方提取物溶液,然后缓慢加入1mg/mL三聚磷酸钠水溶液,反应1~2h,出现蓝白色乳光,即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒悬浮液,将悬浮液在高速离心机中离心20~30min,除去上清液得纳米粒子,用蒸馏水洗涤2~3次,冷冻干燥后即得壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末;
(3)制备高填料含量母粒:将壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油按比例称取,经转速为400rpm的高速混合机混匀30~40min,然后将混合物料添加到同向双螺杆挤出机的料斗中捏合挤出,经冷水槽冷却后切割,得到粗细均匀的高填料含量母粒;
(4)制备薄膜母粒:在同向双螺杆挤出机料斗中加入高填料母粒、聚乳酸与环氧化棕榈油,重复步骤(3)中双螺杆挤出机的操作进行二次造粒,获得薄膜母粒;
(5)制备薄膜:将薄膜母粒加入塑料挤出流延机中将薄膜母粒挤出流延成薄膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,射干、姜黄、杨树花的质量比为3 : 2 : ( 0.5~1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,壳聚糖、中草药复方提取物溶液、三聚磷酸钠水溶液加入体积比为2 : 1 : 1。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,壳聚糖抑菌-抗氧化纳米粒粉末、纳米ZSM-5分子筛、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油的质量比为3 : (0.1~0.5) : 6 : (1~2)。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述同向双螺杆机挤出造粒温度设定为进料口170℃、中间段为175℃、挤出头为180℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,高填料含量母粒、聚乳酸、环氧化棕榈油的质量比为6 : 3 : (0.5~1)。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述挤出流延机的参数设置为由进料端到模头的四段温度依次为140℃、185℃、185℃、200℃,挤出模头两端温度为215℃,中间温度为200℃;从近模头端到远模头端导辊的速度分别为流延冷却辊转速1.1m/min,牵引辊转速1.7m/min,卷取辊转速为9rpm。
8.一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜,其特征在于:通过权利要求1~7任一项所述的方法制备得到。
9.根据权利要求8所述一种可生物降解的果蔬保鲜膜,其特征在于,在果蔬保鲜包装材料领域中的应用。
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