Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of fry that can overcome existing America hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, fertilization and method for incubating oosperm yields poorly, ropy defective; By the specially treated artificial induced spawning, avoid the scale of America hilsa herring to come off, optimize the artificial insemination step, improve fertilization rate, labour intensity can not only be reduced, and America hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, insemination and the method for incubating oosperm of incubation rate can be significantly improved.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of America of the present invention hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, insemination and method for incubating oosperm, adopt following processing step:
1, artificial induced spawning process
(1), set-up procedure fishes for, selects maturity America hilsa herring preferably in culturing the pond, be transported to area 20m through 5 ‰ salinity phreatic waters
2, support temporarily in the depth of water 0.8-1m cement pit; And prepare hasten parturition pin and a thin towel.
(2), artificial induced spawning adopts luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2) and fish spawning-induced addition agent compatibility parent population is hastened parturition; Dorsal fin base portion double injection: for the first time, female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 60 μ g LRH-A
2+ 10mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is not injected, and injection for the second time behind the 20-24h: female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 160 μ g LRH-A
2+ 30mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is half of raun; Injection operation is finished jointly by 2 people, and the ready thin towel of a human is taken advantage of a situation and wrapped parent population, moves with water, and another people then carries out injection of hormone across the towel pin towards the head 45, and the band hydromining is operated with 2ml specification disposable sterilized injector.
2, artificial insemination process
It is 10h-15h that the oxytocic hormone injection finishes the aftereffect time, carries out the dry method of artificial fertilization; The apparatus that holds essence, ovum should be dry, clean; Get the ovum operation and finished by 2 people cooperation, the left side person gently squeezes ovary till the ovum grain can not flow out naturally from top to bottom with thumb and forefinger on ovary top; The right side person clamp-ons seminal fluid immediately and stirs evenly, sperm volume is advisable to be full of the ovum gap, drips the Chi Shui that is about the long-pending 1/5-1/3 of smart oophyte subsequently earlier and activates sperm, increases it in conjunction with the fertilization probability, with clean phreatic water washing 2~4 times, remove unnecessary seminal fluid and dirt then.
3, incubating oosperm process
(1), the hatching pail of hatching apparatus hatching apparatus employing is made of plastic;
(2), the incubation temperature incubation temperature is controlled at 16-22 ℃;
(3), hatching water quality management hatching water is water purification, guarantees between the incubation period that water quality is pure and fresh, current are unobstructed, flow velocity is controlled at 0.3-0.5m/s, in time removes egg membrane; Will reduce water flow velocity in the hatching pail behind the fry membrane, the controlled 0.1-0.2m/s that is made as consumes to prevent that fry muscle power is undue.
(4) bait is under 16-22 ℃, fry membrane 2 days, mouthpart, intestinal tube form, the monoplast green alga that filters with 150 mesh sieve thin,tough silk of should in time throwing something and feeding, wheel animalcule (in the back water body of throwing something and feeding monoplast green alga, wheel animalcule amount reach 5~8/ml) or down the summer flower cultivation is carried out on the pool.
Described hatching pail is made of plastic, is advisable about water capacity 500-700kg, puts ovum density 2.0 * 10
4-2.5 * 10
4Grain/bucket.Described hatching pail by hatching staving 1, overflow pipe 2, go out jacket pipe 3, oxygen increasing tube 4, water inlet pipe 5, micropore oxygen increasing tube 6, flush port 7 and valve control outlet pipe 8 etc. and form.In hatching staving 1, be respectively arranged with overflow pipe 2, oxygen increasing tube 4, water inlet pipe 5; Set out jacket pipe 3 in the described overflow pipe 2, overflow pipe 2 is not held to pass and is controlled outlet pipe 8 with valve at the bottom of 1 barrel of the staving of hatching and be connected; Described overflow pipe 2 is provided with aperture 2-1, and overcoat bolting silk 2-2.The external water supply plant of described water inlet pipe 5 one ends, the other end is a flush port 7; The external aerator of described oxygen increasing tube 4 one ends, another termination micropore oxygen increasing tube 6, and be close at the bottom of 1 barrel of the staving of hatching.
Described water purification is phreatic water and running water behind aeration or the Yangtze River Water of filtering through the plankton screen pack, and phreatic water is 1: 1 with running water behind aeration or the Yangtze River Water volume ratio of filtering through the plankton screen pack.Described filter screen is 80 orders.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1, reasonable, scientific methods in artificial induced spawning, insemination and hatching process, have been adopted, wherein, reduced damage every the towel injection to the America hilsa herring, improved standardization artificial insemination efficient in operation ground has improved fertilization rate, the temperature control design of hatching apparatus, flowing water, the design of no dead angle, reliably convenient, increased substantially the fertilized egg hatching rate.
2, the method that combines according to ecological principle and America hilsa herring early growth and development characteristic, the mode of the 2nd day bait of promptly throwing something and feeding behind membrane, the mistaken ideas that just begin bait throwing in after having avoided yolk sac to disappear have guaranteed the survival rate of fry; Also improved reference for the exploitation of Clupeiformes fish.
3, a whole set of technology is carried out under indoor full manual control condition; be not subjected to the external environment factor affecting, convenient and reliable operation can be guaranteed the steady production of seed; solve the large-scale production difficult problem of American shad fry and fingerlings preferably, the hatchability of fertile eggs of the technology of the present invention reaches more than 80%.
Embodiment
Embodiment during following the present invention incites somebody to action in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is further described:
Embodiment 1: a kind of America of the present invention hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, insemination and method for incubating oosperm, adopt following hatching step:
Place: base, rare fish protection research center, the Changjiang river
1, artificial induced spawning process
1. set-up procedure is cultured in the pond at 8 mu and is fished for, selects maturity America hilsa herring preferably, is transported to area 20m through 5 ‰ salinity phreatic waters
2, support temporarily in the depth of water 0.8m cement pit; And prepare the thin towel of hasten parturition a pin and a 0.4 * 0.2m.
2. artificial induced spawning adopts luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2) and fish spawning-induced addition agent (Ningbo Hormone product Co., Ltd.) compatibility parent population is hastened parturition.Dorsal fin base portion double injection: for the first time, female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 60 μ g LRH-A
2+ 10mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is not injected, and injection for the second time behind the 24h: female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 160 μ g LRH-A
2+ 30mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is half of raun.Injection operation is finished jointly by 2 people, the ready thin towel of one human is taken advantage of a situation and is wrapped parent population, move with water, another people then carries out injection of hormone across the towel pin towards the head 45, and the band hydromining is operated with 2ml specification disposable sterilized injector (production of Changzhou Yue Kang medical equipment Co., Ltd).
2, artificial insemination process
Injecting for the 2nd pin oxytocic hormone aftereffect time is 15h, carries out the dry method of artificial fertilization.The apparatus that holds essence, ovum should be dry, clean.Get the ovum operation and finished by 2 people cooperation, the left side person gently squeezes ovary till the ovum grain can not flow out naturally from top to bottom with thumb and forefinger on ovary top; The right side person clamp-ons seminal fluid immediately and stirs evenly, and sperm volume is advisable to be full of the ovum gap, drips earlier subsequently to be about 1/5 long-pending Chi Shui of smart oophyte and to activate sperm, increases it in conjunction with the fertilization probability, washes 2 times with clean phreatic water then, removes unnecessary seminal fluid and dirt.
3, incubating oosperm process
1. the described hatching pail of hatching apparatus is made of plastic, is advisable about water capacity 500kg, puts ovum density 2 * 10
4Grain/bucket.Described hatching pail by hatching staving 1, overflow pipe 2, go out jacket pipe 3, oxygen increasing tube 4, water inlet pipe 5, micropore oxygen increasing tube 6, flush port 7 and valve control outlet pipe 8 etc. and form.In hatching staving 1, be respectively arranged with overflow pipe 2, oxygen increasing tube 4, water inlet pipe 5; Set out jacket pipe 3 in the described overflow pipe 2, overflow pipe 2 is not held to pass and is controlled outlet pipe 8 with valve at the bottom of 1 barrel of the staving of hatching and be connected; Described overflow pipe 2 is provided with aperture 2-1, and overcoat 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk 2-2.The external water supply plant of described water inlet pipe 5 one ends, the other end is a flush port 7; The external aerator of described oxygen increasing tube 4 one ends, another termination micropore oxygen increasing tube 6, and be close at the bottom of 1 barrel of the staving of hatching.Water inlet pipe 5 is fixed in overflow pipe 2 outer walls and is close to a barrel diapire, is 45 °, is micropore oxygenation at the bottom of micropore oxygen increasing tube 6 also is close to barrel, the design of no dead angle.
2. the incubation temperature incubation temperature is controlled at 16 ℃.
3. hatching water quality management hatching water is phreatic water and running water behind aeration or the water purification of forming through the Yangtze River Water (volume ratio is 1: 1) that the plankton screen pack filters.Guarantee between the incubation period that water quality is pure and fresh, current are unobstructed, and flow velocity is controlled at 0.3m/s, in time remove egg membrane; Will reduce water flow velocity in the hatching pail behind the fry membrane, the controlled 0.1m/s that is made as consumes to prevent that fry muscle power is undue.
4. bait is under 16 ℃, fry membrane 3 days, mouthpart, intestinal tube form, the monoplast green alga that filters with 150 mesh sieve thin,tough silk of should in time throwing something and feeding, wheel animalcule (in the back water body of throwing something and feeding monoplast green alga, wheel animalcule amount reach 5/ml) or down the summer flower cultivation is carried out on the pool.
Hasten parturition 2 batch by above-mentioned implementation step and requirement on April 15th, 2008 to April 25,12 groups of kind of the fishes of hastening parturition, The mean spawning rate 70%; Hatchability of fertile eggs 85%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of America of the present invention hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, insemination and method for incubating oosperm, adopt following hatching step:
Place: Jiangyin Shengang Sanxian Cultivation Co., Ltd.
1, artificial induced spawning process
1. set-up procedure is cultured in the pond at 8 mu and is fished for, selects maturity America hilsa herring preferably, is transported to area 20m through 5 ‰ salinity phreatic waters
2, support temporarily in the depth of water 0.9m cement pit; And prepare the thin towel of hasten parturition a pin and a 0.4 * 0.2m.
2. artificial induced spawning adopts luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2) and fish spawning-induced addition agent (Ningbo Hormone product Co., Ltd.) compatibility parent population is hastened parturition.Dorsal fin base portion double injection: for the first time, female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 60 μ g LRH-A
2+ 10mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is not injected, and injection for the second time behind the 22h: female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 160 μ g LRH-A
2+ 30mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is half of raun.Injection operation is finished jointly by 2 people, the ready thin towel of one human is taken advantage of a situation and is wrapped parent population, move with water, another people then carries out injection of hormone across the towel pin for 45 ° towards head, and the band hydromining is operated with 2ml specification disposable sterilized injector (production of Changzhou Yue Kang medical equipment Co., Ltd).
2, artificial insemination process
Injecting for the 2nd pin oxytocic hormone aftereffect time is 13h, carries out the dry method of artificial fertilization.The apparatus that holds essence, ovum should be dry, clean.Get the ovum operation and finished by 2 people cooperation, the left side person gently squeezes ovary till the ovum grain can not flow out naturally from top to bottom with thumb and forefinger on ovary top; The right side person clamp-ons seminal fluid immediately and stirs evenly, and sperm volume is advisable to be full of the ovum gap, drips earlier subsequently to be about 1/4 long-pending Chi Shui of smart oophyte and to activate sperm, increases it in conjunction with the fertilization probability, washes 3 times with clean phreatic water then, removes unnecessary seminal fluid and dirt.
3, incubating oosperm process
1. the hatching pail of hatching apparatus hatching apparatus employing is made of plastic, whole barrel-shaped for boring end cylinder, be plastic material, central authorities in the bucket conical bottom are provided with delivery port, delivery port is connected with the discharge nozzle of band valve downwards, also be provided with the vertical boring overflow pipe that connects bucket end groove in the bucket end central authorities, inboard cover sleeve pipe not with holes, outer wall then wraps tightly 80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk; External water inlet pipe is fixed in the overflow pipe outer wall and is close to a barrel diapire, is 45 °, is micropore oxygenation at the bottom of external oxygen increasing tube also is close to barrel, the design of no dead angle.
1. the described hatching pail of hatching apparatus is made of plastic, is advisable about water capacity 600kg, puts ovum density 2.3 * 10
4Grain/bucket.Structure is identical with embodiment one.
2. the incubation temperature incubation temperature is controlled at 19 ℃.
3. hatching water quality management hatching water is phreatic water and running water behind aeration or the water purification of forming through the Yangtze River Water (volume ratio is 1: 1) that the plankton screen pack filters.Guarantee between the incubation period that water quality is pure and fresh, current are unobstructed, and water flow velocity is controlled at 0.4m/s, in time remove egg membrane; Will reduce water flow velocity in the hatching pail behind the fry membrane, the controlled 0.15m/s that is made as consumes to prevent that fry muscle power is undue.
4. bait is under 19 ℃, fry membrane 2 days, mouthpart, intestinal tube form, the monoplast green alga that filters with 150 mesh sieve thin,tough silk of should in time throwing something and feeding, wheel animalcule (in the back water body of throwing something and feeding monoplast green alga, wheel animalcule amount reach 6/ml) or down the summer flower cultivation is carried out on the pool.
Hasten parturition 3 batch by above-mentioned implementation step and requirement on April 25th, 2008 to May 5,15 groups of kind of the fishes of hastening parturition, The mean spawning rate 75%; Hatchability of fertile eggs 88%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of America of the present invention hilsa herring artificial induced spawning, insemination and method for incubating oosperm, adopt following hatching step:
Place: base, aquatic products director, Jiangyin City
1, artificial induced spawning process
1. set-up procedure is cultured in the pond at 8 mu and is fished for, selects maturity America hilsa herring preferably, is transported to area 20m through 5 ‰ salinity phreatic waters
2, support temporarily in the depth of water 1.0m cement pit; And prepare the thin towel of hasten parturition a pin and a 0.4 * 0.2m.
2. artificial induced spawning adopts luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LRH-A
2) and fish spawning-induced addition agent (Ningbo Hormone product Co., Ltd.) compatibility parent population is hastened parturition.Dorsal fin base portion double injection: for the first time, female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 60 μ g LRH-A
2+ 10mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is not injected, and injection for the second time behind the 20h: female America hilsa herring injected dose is: 160 μ g LRH-A
2+ 30mg fish spawning-induced addition agent/Kg, milter is half of raun.Injection operation is finished jointly by 2 people, the ready thin towel of one human is taken advantage of a situation and is wrapped parent population, move with water, another people then carries out injection of hormone across the towel pin towards the head 45, and the band hydromining is operated with 2ml specification disposable sterilized injector (production of Changzhou Yue Kang medical equipment Co., Ltd).
2, artificial insemination process
Injecting for the 2nd pin oxytocic hormone aftereffect time is 10h, carries out the dry method of artificial fertilization.The apparatus that holds essence, ovum should be dry, clean.Get the ovum operation and finished by 2 people cooperation, the left side person gently squeezes ovary till the ovum grain can not flow out naturally from top to bottom with thumb and forefinger on ovary top; The right side person clamp-ons seminal fluid immediately and stirs evenly, and sperm volume is advisable to be full of the ovum gap, drips earlier subsequently to be about 1/3 long-pending Chi Shui of smart oophyte and to activate sperm, increases it in conjunction with the fertilization probability, washes 4 times with clean phreatic water then, removes unnecessary seminal fluid and dirt.
3, incubating oosperm process
1. the described hatching pail of hatching apparatus is made of plastic, is advisable about water capacity 700kg, puts ovum density 2.5 * 10
4Grain/bucket.Structure is identical with embodiment one.
2. the incubation temperature incubation temperature is controlled at 22 ℃.
3. hatching water quality management hatching water is phreatic water and running water behind aeration or the water purification of forming through the Yangtze River Water (volume ratio is 1: 1) that the plankton screen pack filters.Guarantee between the incubation period that water quality is pure and fresh, current are unobstructed, and water flow velocity is controlled at 0.5m/s, in time remove egg membrane; Will reduce water flow velocity in the hatching pail behind the fry membrane, the controlled 0.2m/s that is made as consumes to prevent that fry muscle power is undue.
4. bait is under 22 ℃, fry membrane 2 days, mouthpart, intestinal tube form, the monoplast green alga that filters with 150 mesh sieve thin,tough silk of should in time throwing something and feeding, wheel animalcule (in the back water body of throwing something and feeding monoplast green alga, wheel animalcule amount reach 8/ml) or down the summer flower cultivation is carried out on the pool.
Hasten parturition 3 batch by above-mentioned implementation step and requirement on May 6th, 2008 to May 15,15 groups of kind of the fishes of hastening parturition, The mean spawning rate 70%; Hatchability of fertile eggs 80%.