CN101613664B - Air-lift photo-bioreactor - Google Patents

Air-lift photo-bioreactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101613664B
CN101613664B CN 200910016839 CN200910016839A CN101613664B CN 101613664 B CN101613664 B CN 101613664B CN 200910016839 CN200910016839 CN 200910016839 CN 200910016839 A CN200910016839 A CN 200910016839A CN 101613664 B CN101613664 B CN 101613664B
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tank body
reactor drum
port
reactor
passage
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CN101613664A (en
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吴怀之
吴美玲
田亮
李森茂
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/18—Flow directing inserts
    • C12M27/24—Draft tube
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • C12M29/08—Air lift
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M31/00—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light
    • C12M31/10—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light by light emitting elements located inside the reactor, e.g. LED or OLED
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an air-lift photo-bioreactor which comprises an inside light source device arranged in a reactor tank body, an inoculation port, a discharge port, a measurement port, an exhaust port, a lower enclosing cover and a temperature controller, wherein the inoculation port and the discharge port are arranged on the wall of the reactor tank body, the measurement port and the exhaust port are arranged on an enclosing cover at the top of the reactor tank body, and the lower enclosing cover and the temperature controller are arranged at the bottom of the reactor tank body. The air-lift photo-bioreactor is characterized by also comprising a distributor which is fixed on a central via hole of the lower enclosing cover. The distributor is communicated with an inside cavity chamber of the reactor tank body by a plurality of distribution channels in the distributor, and nutrients respectively enter the distribution channels from material injection holes passing through a feeding pipeline. A sealing cover which is closed in a covering way is arranged outsides a step-shaped truncated cone of the distributor, and a check valve is arranged in an annular cavity chamber which is arranged on the step-shaped truncated cone corresponding to each distribution channel. The invention realizes uniform distribution and mixing of a plurality of media in the reactor, can prevent culture medium from flowing back to the distribution channels, has reasonable structure, is convenient and reliable for the nutrients to be injected in, is suitable for laboratory or industrial large-scaled microalgae culture and suspension culture of other photosynthetic organism cells, and has a better industrial amplifying application prospect.

Description

A kind of airlift photobioreactor
Technical field
The invention belongs to little algae sealing breed and use bioreactor---a kind of airlift photobioreactor.
Background technology
Algae belongs to microphyte, and little algae can utilize simple mineral nutrient, under the situation of photosynthesis (daylight and artificial lighting), with CO 2Be converted into the various organic cpds (like the nutrition of needed by human such as pigment, protein, amino acid, VITAMINs and lipid acid, polysaccharide and mineral substance) of our living needs with water.Because algae has the efficiency light utilization ratio, and from surrounding environment, rapidly and efficiently absorbs nutrient substance (like CO 2, nitrogen, phosphorus etc.) and change into the ability of organic cpds, algae is become has the tremendous economic potentiality that do not solve food, energy dilemma.Algal culture is for CO 2The vital role of reduction of discharging, WWT and clean biometric energy utilization aspect and the important meaning of improving the ecological environment; Make laboratory culture and the industrialized aquaculture of algae kind improvement laboratory scientific research, little algae; And the comprehensive utilization technique of little algae popularization research, become one of the most popular at present scientific research and Application Areas.Although algae has possessed higher environment and economic worth, realize the economy utilization of algae industry, still be subject to the development of the bioreactor of industrial scale algal culture at present.
Current; The cultivation of algae mainly contains open and closed two kinds of bioreactors; Open type biological reactor is not owing to possess temperature control capability, produce and to receive seasonal effect, and production process receives the pollution of various heteroplasia things easily and proves not to be efficient manner.For this reason, people's various closed photo bioreactors that begin one's study are like bioreactors such as duct type, flat, column air lift type, floating bag films.Because these bioreactor structures are different, its practical effect is widely different, and product structure is just more obvious with the influence of culture efficiency to the cultured output of algae.
Existing notification number CN2384948Y, and Kang Ruijuan etc. is published in the paper of " airlift photobioreactor that is used for little algae cultivation " on " chemical reaction engineering and technology 2002,17 (1) ".Public technology make up based on circulation bioreactor in the inside and outside light source bonded air lift type, this product mainly partly is made up of tank body, gas-lift tube, inner light source ST, heat exchanger, gas distributor, inside and outside light source etc.Its core technology is: adopt fluorescent tube as inside and outside light source; Adopt gas distributor to make the mixed gas of feeding form tiny bubble, improve the mass transfer area and the effect of gas-liquid; Adopt heat exchanger heating or cooling culture-liquid temp.Notification number CN2748464Y has only done necessary modifications to the stability in use and the security of its structural part on last patented technology basis.The problem of technical main existence is that the inner light source ST adopts one section or the manufacturing of two sections bulge loop glassworks, adds the structure formation of O shape seal with elastometic washer again, and ST processing and manufacturing and assembling process are complicated, and cost is high; Adopt the structure of gas distributor to play the distribution effect to this a kind of injected media of gas, and can't prevent that nutrient solution from blowing back into sparger, in the gas distributor use, distributor orifices receives little algae and grows blockedly easily, influences the life-time service effect; In addition, be employed in the way that installs heat exchanger in the tank body additional, also can be dead owing to heater table surface temperature height comes to harm the part culture, influence output; Moreover, because its internal support member is more, be unfavorable for mixing of materials, cause little algae to adhere to the influence growth, and can shut out the light penetration power and influence overall photosynthesis effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of airlift photobioreactor, to overcome the many deficiencies on prior art structure and the life-time service performance thereof.
The present invention is the improvement to existing column airlift photobioreactor structure and function; Through adopting plain dispenser device of a kind of novel nourishing and temperature control mode; Make the interior material feeding uniform distribution of reactor drum tank body and do not have obstruction; Temperature controller is arranged on that reactor tank is external carries out temperature control, has realized that the stability to multimedium nutrient substance (like nutrient solution etc.) is higher, has more reasonably handled, and is littler to the damage of culture in the tank body.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises the intravital inner light source device of reactor tank; Inoculation mouth and discharge gate on the reactor tank body wall; And the following capping and the temperature controller of gauge hatch, venting port and bottom in the capping at reactor drum tank body top; It is characterized in that also comprising the dispenser device that is fixed on down on the capping central through hole, and communicate with the inner cavity chamber of reactor drum tank body that feeding tube gets into via material hole and respectively distributes in the passage via a plurality of distribution passages wherein.
Dispenser device is the ladder truncated cone-shaped, and each distributes the outlet of passage to be arranged on frustum cone side or the top.
Consider that culture blows back into the possible situation of distributing passage to stop up the distribution passage; There is the sealing cover that covers mutually the ladder truncated cone-shaped of described dispenser device outside; The correspondence of sealing cover on it respectively distributed in the annular chamber surrounding of passage and is provided with vacuum breaker, isolated by O-ring seals between annular chamber surrounding.
Dispenser device is made up of ladder round platform and corresponding sealing cover, vacuum breaker, O-ring seals, after distribution passage and sealing cover are equipped, forms several annular chamber surroundings at the ladder place, is isolated by O-ring seals between annular chamber surrounding; On the side of sealing cover or end face, vacuum breaker is installed, vacuum breaker can allow nutrient substance to inject and prevent that nutrient solution from blowing back into the distribution passage; Wherein material hole distributes passage to be communicated with annular chamber surrounding, and is T-shaped or L shaped, and dispenser device and sealing cover are pressed on the reactor drum tank body by following capping.
Temperature controller mainly is arranged on the external temperature of carrying out of reactor tank and controls.Temperature when temperature controller injects through heating or cooling nutrient substance, the temperature of control substratum fluctuates in the scope of setting.When the temperature of substratum was higher than the temperature value of setting, temperature controller reached the purpose that reduces the substratum temperature through reducing the temperature of the nutrient substance that injects; When the substratum temperature was lower than value, temperature controller reached the purpose of rising substratum temperature through the temperature of each nutrient substance that comprises mixed gas of heating raising injection.Because what the heating and cooling process was directed against is inorganic medium, utilizes little temperature difference mixing of materials to regulate the temperature of substratum, temperature variation is soft, and is little to the influence of algae bio culturing process.
The present invention has realized the uniformly distributing of multimedium nutrient substance in nutrient solution and has mixed, and installs vacuum breaker additional at the mouth that distributes, and prevents that nutrient solution from blowing back into the situation of distributing passage material hole blocking channel; The inner light source seal closure processing of design is easier, dismounting and cleaning is more convenient; External temperature controller is adopted in the temperature control of substratum, realizes that through the charge temperature of regulating inorganic nutritive element the substratum temperature changes in the TR of regulation, has reduced heating rod localized hyperthermia district and has caused the dead possibility of culture.Therefore; Of the present invention rational in infrastructure; It is convenient reliable with the control of substratum temperature that nutrient substance injects control; Inner light source illuminance controlled range is wideer, is applicable to laboratory or industrial scale both culturing microalgae and other photosynthetic organism suspension culture of cells, has laboratory applications and commercial run amplification prospect preferably.
With reference to the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the single bioreactor substruction of a present invention synoptic diagram.
Wherein, 1. the reactor drum tank body 2. descends capping, 3. temperature controller, and 4. dispenser device, 41. distribute passages, 42. material holes, 43. annular chamber surroundings, 44.O shape sealing-ring, 45. sealing covers, 46. vacuum breakers; 5. seal closure, 6. inoculation mouthful, 7. inner light source device 71. inner light sources, 72. supports, 73. ventages, 74. light controllers, 75. insulcretes, 8. gauge hatch, 9. venting port, 10. capping, 11. discharge gates, 12. feeding tubes.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; The present invention includes the inner light source device 7 in the reactor drum tank body 1; Inoculation mouth 6 and discharge gate 11 on reactor drum tank body 1 wall, the following capping 2 of the gauge hatch 8 in the capping 10 at reactor drum tank body 1 top, venting port 9 and bottom and temperature controller 3 is characterized in that also comprising the dispenser device 4 that is fixed on down on capping 2 central through holes; And via distributing passage 41 to communicate with the inner cavity chamber of reactor drum tank body 1, the nutrient substance in the feeding tube 12 gets into via material hole 42 and distributes in the passage 41.
Described dispenser device 4 is ladder truncated cone-shaped, and each distributes the outlet of passage 41 to be arranged on stepped appearance frustum cone side or the top.
There is the sealing cover 45 that covers mutually the stepped appearance round platform of described dispenser device 4 outside, and the correspondence on it is respectively distributed in the annular chamber surrounding 43 of passage 41 and is provided with 8 vacuum breakers 46.
Ladder truncated cone-shaped dispenser device 4 described in Fig. 1 is by distributing passage 41, O-ring seals 44, sealing cover 45 and vacuum breaker 46 to form; Distribute the inlet of passage 41 that four nutrient substance material holes 42 that comprise mixed gas are arranged; Form annular chamber surrounding 43 when distributing passage 41 to be equipped with sealing cover 45; Isolated by O-ring seals 44 between the annular chamber surrounding 43, there are some distribution mouths (also can at its top drilling) side of sealing cover 45, is used to install vacuum breaker 46.Distribute passage 41 to be T type or L type passage, be communicated with corresponding annular chamber surrounding 43, each material hole 42 is plain like CO with the Different Nutrition of adjusting through temperature controller 3 respectively 2, nutrient substance feeding tubes 12 such as air, nitrogenous or phosphorus containg substances connect.During respectively from corresponding material hole 42 material feedings; Through regulating the reinforced total amount of its feed rate control; When feed pressure greater than reactor drum in during substratum pressure, vacuum breaker 46 is opened, various nutrient substance homodisperse ground joins the substratum from vacuum breaker 46 wherein; And under gas bubbling situation, quicken the mixing and the diffusion of nutrient substance; When nutrient substance stopped material feeding, vacuum breaker 46 was closed, and prevented that substratum from blowing back into dispenser device 4, stopped up and distributed passage.Obviously adopt gas dispenser device 4 can strengthen the mixing of various media and the disturbance of hot housing liquid, do not stop up the distribution passage again.
Temperature controller 3 is arranged on the reactor drum tank body 1 outer temperature of carrying out and controls.
Reactor drum tank body 1 is processed when light source (outside not needing, can select non-transparent material manufacturings such as pottery for use) by glass, synthetic glass or Vilaterm transparent material, and the following capping 2 of middle perforate is provided with bayonet socket with capping 10 and is connected with reactor drum tank body 1.Following capping 2 compresses dispenser device 4 and compresses and reactor drum tank body 1 bottom seals pad (omitting among the figure), guarantees the sealing installation requirement of reactor drum tank body 1 bottom.Perforate in the middle of the following capping 2 is fixed wherein dispenser device 4, and the sprue 42 of reactor drum tank body 1 bottom is connected with the plain feeding tube 12 of reactor drum tank body 1 external nutrition.
Described capping 10 is provided with a plurality of gauge hatch 8, is respectively applied for the measurement to data such as medium pH value, temperature, dissolved oxygen in the reactor drum tank body 1; Venting port 9 is used for insoluble or overflows gas purging; Perforate in the middle of the capping 10 is used for installing and fixing of seal closure 5 and inner light source device 7.
The seal closure 5 of described inner light source device 7 structure that takes the shape of the letter U is processed by transparent material, and its length and internal diameter can be chosen appropriate value according to the light path of algal culture.The flanging at seal closure 5 tops and capping 10 are equipped; And can pull down the seal closure 5 that seal closure 5 is removed its surface attachments or changed other size.
Described inner light source device 7 is made up of inner light source 71, support 72, light controller 74 and the insulcrete 75 of many groups of illuminations; Inner light source 71 is fixed on the support 72; Support 72 is connected with insulcrete 75, and the ventage 73 of being convenient to inner light source 71 heat radiations is arranged on the insulcrete 75, and insulcrete 75 is connected with upper cover 10; And compress seal closure 5, can guarantee that substratum does not leak outside; Common light controller 74 can be controlled the brightness value of inner light source 71.
The present invention's one-tenth series connection capable of being combined or parallelly connected cultivating system are realized special cultivation and large-scale farming target.
The present invention also is not difficult through its fixed support adjustment, realizes different setting angle control requirements.

Claims (2)

1. airlift photobioreactor; Comprise the inner light source device (7) in the reactor drum tank body (1); Inoculation mouth (6) on reactor drum tank body (1) wall and discharge gate (11); The following capping (2) of the gauge hatch (8) in the capping (10) at reactor drum tank body (1) top, venting port (9) and bottom and temperature controller (3); It is characterized in that also comprising the ladder truncated cone-shaped dispenser device (4) that is fixed on down on capping (2) central through hole; This dispenser device (4) communicates with the inner cavity chamber of reactor drum tank body (1) via a plurality of distribution passages (41) wherein, and the nutrient substance in each feeding tube (12) gets into via each material hole (42) and respectively distributes in the passage (41); Each distributes the outlet of passage (41) to be arranged on frustum cone side or the top; Described a plurality of distribution passages (41) are independently of one another and be connected the inner cavity chamber of the nutrient substance difference injecting reactor tank body (1) that described each feeding tube (12) is interior respectively with described material hole (42).
2. airlift photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1; There is the sealing cover (45) that covers mutually the ladder truncated cone-shaped outside that it is characterized in that described dispenser device (4); The correspondence of sealing cover (45) on it respectively distributed in the annular chamber surrounding (43) of passage (41) and is provided with vacuum breaker (46), isolated by O-ring seals (44) between annular chamber surrounding (43).
3. airlift photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that above-mentioned temperature controller (3) is arranged on the temperature that reactor drum tank body (1) temperature outer and when injecting through heating or cooling nutrient substance is controlled substratum.
CN 200910016839 2009-07-16 2009-07-16 Air-lift photo-bioreactor Active CN101613664B (en)

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CN101613664B true CN101613664B (en) 2012-04-11

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101899391B (en) * 2010-07-16 2013-01-02 常熟琦光光电科技有限公司 Special spectrum airlift photobioreactor
CN101985595B (en) * 2010-10-28 2013-06-19 浙江大学 Membrane type photobioreactor for enhancing microalgae culturing
CN102876561B (en) * 2011-07-14 2015-06-03 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Airlift photobioreactor for realizing microalga flash effect
CN102352304B (en) * 2011-09-26 2014-01-15 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Airlift type photo-biologic reactor capable of on-line regulation and control of light intensity
TWI457073B (en) * 2012-07-19 2014-10-21 Univ Nat Chiao Tung Microalgae cultivation module including circular tube-shaped cultivation bag
CN102757895B (en) * 2012-08-09 2014-03-12 重庆大学 Diatom growth variable research system based on circular diatom cultivation shelf
CN104152344A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-11-19 天津爱微生物科技有限公司 Photobioreactor used for culturing benthic microalgae and culturing method thereof
KR101975457B1 (en) * 2016-05-26 2019-05-08 한국생명공학연구원 Multi-layer jacketed intra-light unit and photobioreactor having the intra-light unit

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