CN101557969B - 驻车制动组件 - Google Patents

驻车制动组件 Download PDF

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CN101557969B
CN101557969B CN2007800463618A CN200780046361A CN101557969B CN 101557969 B CN101557969 B CN 101557969B CN 2007800463618 A CN2007800463618 A CN 2007800463618A CN 200780046361 A CN200780046361 A CN 200780046361A CN 101557969 B CN101557969 B CN 101557969B
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parking brake
displacement
brake device
pivot angle
actuator lever
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CN101557969A (zh
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R·施奈德
F·布兰德
G·布鲁斯托林
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AVL List GmbH
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/18—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems
    • B60W10/184—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems with wheel brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109—Braking
    • B60W30/18127—Regenerative braking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G01M15/12—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于车辆的驻车制动组件(30)，特别是手制动组件，该组件具有至少一个在传动系统(10)中的电机(6)和至少一个电能储存单元(11)，该组件还具有致动杆(1)，该致动杆借助于较佳的是由缆索或杆形成的传输装置(9)连接到至少一个驻车制动器(8)。为了回收制动能，设置至少一个传感器(3)来监视致动杆(1)的位移或转动角(α)，传感器连接到电子控制单元；并且通过控制单元(4)使所述电机(6)能作为发电机来工作，并能将电气制动力矩施加在传动系统(10)上。

Description

驻车制动组件
技术领域
本发明一种驻车制动组件，具体来说，涉及用于车辆的手制动组件，该组件在传动系统中具有至少一个电机和至少一个电能储存单元，并具有致动杆，该致动杆通过传输装置(最好是缆索或杆)连接到至少一个驻车制动器。本发明还涉及车辆制动过程中回收制动能的方法。
背景技术
在行车制动器失效的情形中，车辆的驻车制动器必须能通过如脚踏紧急刹车那样起作用而使车辆停下来。由于地区的差别，该功能也可能用作标准制动，较佳的是在交通灯或交通堵塞的情况下能使低速行驶的车辆停下来。
回收制动能的系统通常响应于行车制动器的致动，然后，将一部分制动能传输到储存单元。这样的系统例如可从WO 00/58121A1或从JP2002-283986A1中得到了解。
如果驻车制动器使车辆停止，则这样的回收制动能的系统将不作出响应，于是能量就被损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的是避免上述缺点，且在使用驻车制动器时，允许进行能量回收。本发明通过以下方法实现其目的：设置位移或转动角传感器来监视致动杆的位移或转动角，该传感器连接到电子控制单元，并且本发明通过控制单元使电机能作为发电机来工作，并且电气制动力矩可施加到传动系统上，该控制单元较佳的是连接到至少一个传感器以监视车辆速度。
此外，可将控制单元连接到测量装置以监视电储存单元的充电状态。
根据本发明的在驻车制动器被启动时回收制动能的方法，起始于驻车制动器致动杆的规定的第一位移或转动角，使电机作为发电机工作，并且通过电机将电气制动力矩施加在传动系统上，较佳的是，当致动杆达到规定的第二位移或转动角时，可启动机械的、液压的、或气动的驻车制动器，第二位移或转动角较佳的是大于第一位移或转动角。
在本发明中，如果车辆速度超过规定的阈值，则还可只产生电气制动力矩。
本发明的另一变体设置成，如果电储存单元的充电状态下降到规定阈值之下，则将只产生电气制动力矩。
为了能回收制动能，通过电子控制单元来改变激励而使内燃机的声音响应暂时增加，并切断至少一个缸体内的燃烧以增加声音响应，由此。较佳的是切断一组缸体。通过停止燃料喷射和/或切断点火装置可切断燃烧。
附图说明
参照附图，现将较详细地解释本发明。附图中：
图1示出根据本发明的驻车制动组件的示意图；
图2示出确定手制动器杆转动角的方法；
图3示出计算要由电机来供给的制动功率的流程图；
图4至图7示出作为手制动器的转动角函数的各种参数。
具体实施方式
图1示意地示出设计成手制动器的驻车制动组件30的致动杆1。致动杆1可转动地由转动轴2承载，转动轴带有监视致动杆1转动角α的传感器3。由控制单元4来读取传感器3，控制制动能回收的程序储存在该控制单元内。控制单元4通过变换器5作用在电机6上，电机通过传动系统10用机械方式联接到车辆7的轮子。驻车制动器8通过传输装置9(例如，缆索或杆)连接到手制动器的致动杆1。
从其静止位置开始，致动杆1具有定义的惰转角α2-α1，在此惰转角内机械驻车制动器不工作。第一角α1是电气制动力矩启动时的角。该第一角α1也可以是零。在第二角α2，机械驻车制动器8开始动作。在整个角度范围上，致动杆1的精确位置由传感器3测量，并将获得的值馈送到控制单元4。考虑转动角α、电储存单元11的电压U电池电压以及车辆速度，计算要由电机6供应的制动力矩的目标值。
图2是确定转动角α的方法的流程图。在已接通点火装置20之后，在步骤21和22处读取转动角α的当前原始值α原始和过去发生角α最小。连续地测试是否当前读取的原始值α原始小于过去的最小角度值α最小。如果原始值α原始小于最小角度值α最小(情形“是”)，则将最小值α最小设定到新读取的值。当前角度值是读取值和最小角度值之间的差。
图3描述了计算必须由电机6供应的制动功率的过程。对于大于适用值α开 始的角度值α，启动算法。制动功率P计算为参数P1、P2、P3、P4的乘积，这些参数又是如图4至7定性地所示形式的函数。这些函数以编程的、校准的特征进行储存。参数P1是角α的函数，参数P2是车辆速度V车辆速度的函数。参数P3依赖于电池电压U电池电压。该特征必须这样来设定：最晚在充电状态到达最大许可值SOC最大时，电机6的制动功率减小，以避免损坏电储存单元11。
参数P4致使所要施加的制动力随着时间t线性地增加，以便优化驾驶性能。
然后，将计算得到的制动力或制动功率P限制到可以校准的值P最大。

Claims (13)

1.用于车辆的驻车制动组件(30)，所述组件具有至少一个在传动系统(10)中的电机(6)和至少一个电能储存单元(11)，所述组件还具有致动杆(1)，所述致动杆借助于传输装置(9)连接到至少一个驻车制动器(8)，其特征在于，设置至少一个位移或转动角传感器(3)来监视所述致动杆(1)的位移或转动角(α)，所述传感器连接到电子控制单元；并且通过所述控制单元(4)，所述驻车制动组件(30)的所述致动杆(1)一达到规定的第一位移或转动角(a1)，所述电机(6)就能够作为发电机来工作，并能将电气制动力矩施加在所述传动系统(10)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，传输装置(9)是缆索或杆。
3.如权利要求1所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，所述驻车制动组件(30)是手制动组件。
4.如权利要求1所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，所述控制单元(4)连接到至少一个传感器(12)以监视车辆速度。
5.如权利要求1所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，所述控制单元(4)连接到至少一个测量装置(13)以监视所述电能储存单元(11)的充电状态。
6.如权利要求1所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，如果所述致动杆(1)超过规定的第一位移或转动角(α1)，则能够启动电气制动力矩。
7.如权利要求6所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，所述致动杆(1)一达到规定的第二位移或转动角(α2)，就能够启动机械的、液压的、或气动的驻车制动器(8)。
8.如权利要求7所述的驻车制动组件(30)，其特征在于，所述第二位移或转动角(α2)大于所述第一位移或转动角(α1)。
9.在带有如权利要求1至8中任何一项所述的驻车制动组件(30)的车辆制动过程中回收制动能的方法，其特征在于，所述驻车制动组件(30)的所述致动杆(1)一达到规定的第一位移或转动角(a1)，所述电机(6)就作为发电机来工作，并且电气制动力矩通过所述电机(6)施加在所述传动系统(10)上。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述致动杆(1)一达到规定的第二位移或转动角(α2)，就启动机械的、液压的或气动的驻车制动器(8)。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二位移或转动角(α2)大于所述第一位移或转动角(α1)。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，如果所述车辆速度超过规定的阈值，则只产生所述电气制动力矩。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，如果所述电能储存单元(11)的充电状态下降到规定阈值之下，则只产生所述电气制动力矩。
CN2007800463618A 2006-10-24 2007-10-22 驻车制动组件 Expired - Fee Related CN101557969B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1796/2006 2006-10-24
AT17962006A AT502237B1 (de) 2006-10-24 2006-10-24 Feststellbremseinrichtung
ATA2065/2006 2006-12-14
AT0206506A AT502912B1 (de) 2006-12-14 2006-12-14 Verfahren zur akustischen qualitätskontrolle
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EP2094544A2 (de) 2009-09-02
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WO2008049798A2 (de) 2008-05-02
EP2230501A2 (de) 2010-09-22

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