CN101548602A - Seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder - Google Patents

Seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101548602A
CN101548602A CNA2009100222519A CN200910022251A CN101548602A CN 101548602 A CN101548602 A CN 101548602A CN A2009100222519 A CNA2009100222519 A CN A2009100222519A CN 200910022251 A CN200910022251 A CN 200910022251A CN 101548602 A CN101548602 A CN 101548602A
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China
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seed
speed
air
plate
control system
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Pending
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CNA2009100222519A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周志立
赵伟
谢金法
高凤玲
张明柱
徐立友
曹付义
曹青梅
吴延峰
申彦杰
席志强
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CNA2009100222519A priority Critical patent/CN101548602A/en
Publication of CN101548602A publication Critical patent/CN101548602A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a seeding unit used in an air-jet type high speed and no-tillage precision seeder, comprising one or a plurality of seed metering devices which work independently and are arranged at the seeding unit of a seeder. The device comprises an outer shell, a control system arranged on the outer shell, a detecting unit connected with the control system, an alert unit controlled by the control system, a seed metering disc which is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the outer shell, is distributed with a ring of seed pits uniformly along the circumferential direction of the upper edge and can rotate continuously in the horizontal plane, a seed hopper, a mixer arranged inside the seed hopper, a driving mechanism which drives the seed metering disc and the mixer and is controlled by the control system, and a seed-clearing brush. The seeding unit has the advantages of simple structure, compact installation, reasonable design and convenient operation, and can effectively solve the practical problems of complicated structure of the seeder, low seed metering speed and the like in the existing suction-type or air-jet type seed metering devices.

Description

A kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural machinery technological field, especially relate to a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder.
Background technology
At present, along with the aggravation of international crisis in food and the destruction of soil environment, countries in the world take corresponding measure to increase grain yield one after another, and gradually reduce the environment damage degree.For no-tillage seeding, because it is few to operation number of times that soil carries out, thereby has and can reduce the destruction of soil plough horizon and the evaporation of soil moisture, also can shorten the activity duration, reduce the advantage that agricultural drops into.And no-tillage seeding machine is the nineties in 20th century, for adapting to a kind of novel facility that this new planting technology of above-mentioned no-tillage seeding occurs, is mainly used in and does not turn over after the wheat harvest or few plowed soils and directly carry out seeding operation.
In modern agriculture was produced, precise sowing had remarkable advantages such as province's kind, saving of labor, volume increase, raising crop quality, is a kind of advanced person's planting patterns; Characteristics such as stalk, root stubble chopping and returning and dark loose technology have increases soil organic matter content, retain and conserve soil moisture, culture fertility, the superfluous stalk of digestion and protection environment.
Nowadays, extensively adopt the no-tillage precision sower both at home and abroad, and, often adopt air-sucking type or air-sweeping type seeding unit, all obtained good effect in order to carry out precise sowing and to save breeding.But also there are subject matter in existing air-sucking type or air-sweeping type seeding unit: 1, structure is bigger, and transmission system is complicated; 2, seeding efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder is provided, it is simple in structure, installation is compact, reasonable in design and use easy and simple to handlely, can effectively solve the existing existing sower complex structure of seeding unit, seeding speed waits practical problem slowly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder is characterized in that: comprise the one or more seeding units that work alone that are installed on the planting with sowing machine monomer;
Described seeding unit comprises and is installed on the described planting with sowing machine monomer and the external shell of bottom band opening, be installed in the control system on the external shell, the detecting unit that joins with control system, the Alarm Unit of controlling by control system, the seed plate that level is installed in external shell bottom opening place and along the circumferential direction evenly is laid with a plurality of kinds of nests of a circle on it and can continues to rotate on horizontal plane, be positioned at the seed-box of seed plate one side top, be installed in seed-box inside and carry out prolonged agitation and fall to the agitator of seed plate continuously to guarantee seed by seed to institute's splendid attire in the seed-box, the driving mechanism that seed plate and agitator are driven and be positioned at the seed plate top, the outer side-lower of seed-box and rotate the seed to drop down onto seed plate with seed plate and constantly sweep into empty clear kind brush of planting nest; Described kind of nest prevents seed for the inner kind nest that can hold a seed and its bottom are provided with owing to deadweight, collide or shake the elasticity supporting spring of former thereby free-falling; Described seed-box is fixedly mounted on the external shell; Described driving mechanism is controlled by control system;
Described detecting unit comprises the velocity sensor that the pace of drawing the tractor that described sower advances is detected in real time, and to spraying in the previous of all nests and all nests of described spray or two kind nests whether lack kind of a scarce kind of detecting sensor that detects simultaneously; The quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor is two or three;
Described control system is the tractor pace that detects in real time according to velocity sensor, tackles driving mechanism mutually and controls and make the spray kind speed of rotating speed and described tractor pace and described gas spray kind device of seed plate be complementary; And according to lacking kind of the detected scarce kind of signal of detecting sensor, correspondingly make the complex control system that seed plate fast rotational to a kind of nest or control Alarm Unit down alarmed by the control driving mechanism.
Described seed-box bottom go out kind of mouth and the kind nest that rotates to its below over against.
Described seed plate is a round turntable.
Going out between outside all sides of kind of mouth and the seed plate of described seed-box bottom is provided with seed retaining plate, and the top of described seed retaining plate is fixed on described kind of the mouth outside that goes out.
Described clear kind brush is installed on external shell or the seed-box, and it is positioned at described seed retaining plate inside.
Described driving mechanism is drive motors or the CD-ROM drive motor that is installed on the external shell.
The power take-off of described drive motors is vertical driving shaft, and described vertical driving shaft bottom is fixedly mounted on the seed plate upper center; Be connected by transmission mechanism between the driven unit of described power take-off and agitator.
Described elasticity supporting spring is to be fixed on kind of the profile of tooth rubber supporting spring of nest bottom.
The quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor is two, and all is installed on the external shell by fixture.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: 1, the control system by detecting unit being set and carrying out whole synthesis control has reduced sowing hourglass kind greatly and has lacked the probability of planting.2, by existing precision planter is carried out substantial improvements with the seeding unit structure, sower seeding speed and seeding precision have been improved, sower operating efficiency and operation quality have further been improved, avoided the inefficient shortcoming of existing seeding unit seeding, can use a plurality of seeding units that work alone to carry out operation simultaneously during use simultaneously, and respectively be independent of each other mutually between all seeding units, thereby improved operating efficiency greatly.In sum, the present invention is simple in structure, installation is compact, reasonable in design and use easy and simple to handlely, can effectively solve the existing existing complex structure of seeding unit, seeding speed waits practical problem slowly.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
The 1-external shell; The 2-control system; The 3-Alarm Unit;
The 4-seed plate; The 5-driving mechanism; The 6-seed-box;
The 7-agitator; 8-plants brush clearly; 10-kind nest;
The 11-detecting unit; 15-lacks kind of a detecting sensor; The 16-seed retaining plate;
The 17-power take-off; The 18-transmission mechanism; 19-profile of tooth rubber supporting spring;
The 20-velocity sensor.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes the one or more seeding units that work alone that are installed on the planting with sowing machine monomer.Described seeding unit comprises and is installed on the planting with sowing machine monomer and the external shell 1 of bottom band opening, be installed in the control system 2 on the external shell 1, the detecting unit 11 that joins with control system 2, the Alarm Unit of controlling by control system 23, the seed plate 4 that level is installed in external shell 1 bottom opening place and along the circumferential direction evenly is laid with a plurality of kinds of nests of a circle 10 on it and can continues to rotate on horizontal plane, be positioned at the seed-box 6 of seed plate 4 one sides top, be installed in seed-box 6 inside and carry out prolonged agitation and fall to the agitator 7 of seed plate 4 continuously to guarantee seed by seed to institute's splendid attires in the seed-box 6, the driving mechanism 5 that seed plate 4 and agitator 7 are driven and be positioned at seed plate 4 tops, the outer side-lower of seed-box 6 and rotate the seed that will drop down onto seed plate 4 with seed plate 4 and constantly sweep into empty clear kind brush 8 of planting nest.Corresponding being provided with is installed in installing mechanism on the described tractor with it on the described external shell 1.Described driving mechanism 5 is controlled by control system 2.Described seed-box 6 is a hopper formula casing.
Described kind of nest 10 prevents seed for the inner kind nest that can hold a seed and its bottom are provided with owing to deadweight, collide or shake the elasticity supporting spring of former thereby free-falling.A plurality of kinds of nests 10 on the described seed plate 4 are through rotation, successively through the seed in the various nests 10 of packing into being sprayed gas spray kind of a device of planting.Described seed-box 6 is fixedly mounted on the external shell 1.Described driving mechanism 5 is for being installed in drive motors or the CD-ROM drive motor on the external shell 1.In the present embodiment, described elasticity supporting spring is the profile of tooth rubber supporting spring 19 that is fixed on kind of nest 10 bottoms.
Because the size of along the circumferential direction set circle kind of a nest 10 can be held a seed (corn or soybean) substantially on the seed plate 4, thereby at different crops, the size of seed plate 4 and kind nest 10 is also inequality, in the practice, can tackle seed plate 4 mutually according to the size of sow and change adjustment.
In the present embodiment, described seed-box 6 bottoms go out kind of mouth with rotate to its below kind nest 10 over against, described seed plate 4 is a round turntable.Going out between the outside all sides of kind of mouth and the seed plate 4 of described seed-box 6 bottoms is provided with seed retaining plate 16, and the top of described seed retaining plate 16 is fixed on and describedly goes out outside kind of the mouth.Described clear kind brush 8 is fixedly mounted on external shell 1 or the seed-box 6, and the clear brush 8 of planting is positioned at described seed retaining plate 16 inside.
Described detecting unit 11 comprises the velocity sensor 20 that the pace of drawing the tractor that described sower advances is detected in real time, and to spraying in the previous of all nests and all nests of described spray or two kind nests 10 whether lack kind of a scarce kind of detecting sensor 15 that detects simultaneously.The quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor 15 is two or three.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor 15 is two, and all is installed on the external shell 1 by fixture.
Described control system 2 is for according to the velocity sensor 20 real-time tractor paces that detect, and tackles driving mechanism 5 mutually and controls and make the rotating speed of seed plate 4 and described tractor pace be complementary; And according to lacking kind of detecting sensor 15 detected scarce kind of signals, correspondingly make the complex control system that seed plate 4 fast rotational to a kind of nest 10 or control Alarm Unit 3 down alarmed by control driving mechanism 5.
In the present embodiment, described driving mechanism 5 is for being installed in the drive motors on the external shell 1, and the power take-off 17 of described drive motors is vertical driving shaft, and described vertical driving shaft bottom is fixedly mounted on seed plate 4 upper center.Be connected by transmission mechanism 18 between the driving shaft of described power take-off 17 and agitator 7.Described transmission mechanism 18 is the transmission mechanism of being made up of two gears.
The course of work of the present invention is: at first, under the seed-box 6 that the is positioned at seed plate 4 tops prolonged agitation effect of agitator that portion installs 7 within it (stirring the seed that seeds can effectively prevent seed-box 6 by agitator 7 is maked somebody a mere figurehead), with the seeds fall of seed-box 6 to seed plate 4; Afterwards, carry out the precision ordering by 4 pairs of seeds that fall from seed-box 6 of kind of nest formula seed plate, specifically be to hold the kind nest 10 of a seed by along the circumferential direction being provided with a cycle basis instinct on the seed plate 4, and brush 8 by the clear kind that install seed plate 4 tops, continuous rotation along with seed plate 4, the seed that falls on the seed plate 4 is swept into the empty nest 10 of planting successively, that is to say, owing to plant in the nest 10 and can only hold a seed, thereby after a seed enters kind of nest 10, other seed is along with the rotation of seed plate 4 will be swept to next the kind in the nest 10 and carries out seeding by the clear brush 8 of planting, simultaneously seed-box 6 bottoms go out kind of the mouth outside and also are provided with and prevent the seed retaining plate 16 that rolls from the seed that seed-box 6 falls everywhere, to sum up, seed plate 4 seeding speed are very fast.In addition, for guarantee to enter in kind of the nest 10 seed do not rotate to spray kind of device nozzle under during i.e. spray kind of position, for avoiding seed because owing to conduct oneself with dignity, collide or shake situation former thereby that fall voluntarily, promptly leak kind of a situation, in various nests 10, be provided with the profile of tooth rubber supporting spring 19 that seed is temporarily stopped, profile of tooth rubber supporting spring 19 is being held seed and is being made seed be unlikely to free-falling or because of being collided and when reason such as vibration falls in the soil, also can not causing any damage to seed.Only be rotated to the seed that sprays in the kind nest 10 of planting the position, just plant under the jet-action of the gases at high pressure that device ejected, break through stopping of profile of tooth rubber supporting spring 19, fall in the soil, finish sowing with higher speed in described gas spray.
In the seeding process, if after not having seed to enter corresponding kind of nest 10 promptly to take place to lack kind or leak kind, kind of a phenomenon then can appear lacking, thereby influence seeding quality, 15 of scarce kind of detecting sensors in the detecting unit 11 can detect and lack kind of a phenomenon at this moment, and synchronously detected scarce kind of information are sent to control system 2.Described control system 2 is at first analyzed the scarce kind of information that is received, when having only scarce kind of detecting sensor 15 to the kind nest 10 that is positioned at spray kind of position to detect to lack kind information, then 2 of control systems make it drive seed plate 4 quick rotation by control driving mechanism 5, make 12 pairs at spray kind of device nozzle lack the kind nest 10 of planting simultaneously and do not spray kind of an operation, spray kind of an operation in the time of under the kind nest 10 that the next one is equipped with seed turns to spray kind of device nozzle again, the rotating speed of seed plate 4 also recovers normally afterwards, equates to guarantee spacing in the rows; And lack that kind of detecting sensor 15 is detected to be when lacking kind when two, then control system 2 control Alarm Units 3 carry out alarm.In addition, because each seeding unit controlled and driven by independently control system 2 and driving mechanism 5 respectively, thereby when certain seeding unit occurs lacking kind, can not influence the normal seeding operation of other seeding unit.
Simultaneously, in the seeding operation process, the rotating speed of seed plate 4 must be complementary with the tractor pace, no matter thereby tractor seeding operation speed be how the tractor pace changes, all can guarantee that the seed spacing in the rows of being sowed is equal.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is imposed any restrictions, everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure changed, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to the technology of the present invention essence.

Claims (9)

1. a seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder is characterized in that: comprise the one or more seeding units that work alone that are installed on the planting with sowing machine monomer;
Described seeding unit comprises and is installed on the described planting with sowing machine monomer and the external shell (1) of bottom band opening, be installed in the control system (2) on the external shell (1), the detecting unit (11) that joins with control system (2), the Alarm Unit of controlling by control system (2) (3), the seed plate (4) that level is installed in external shell (1) bottom opening place and along the circumferential direction evenly is laid with a plurality of kinds of nests of circle (10) on it and can continues to rotate on horizontal plane, be positioned at the seed-box (6) of seed plate (4) one sides top, be installed in seed-box (6) inside and carry out prolonged agitation and fall to the agitator (7) of seed plate (4) continuously to guarantee seed by seed to the interior institute of seed-box (6) splendid attire, the driving mechanism (5) that seed plate (4) and agitator (7) are driven and be positioned at seed plate (4) top, the outer side-lower of seed-box (6) and rotate the seed to drop down onto seed plate (4) with seed plate (4) and constantly sweep into empty clear kind brush (8) of planting nest; Described kind of nest (10) prevents seed for the inner kind nest that can hold a seed and its bottom are provided with owing to deadweight, collide or shake the elasticity supporting spring of former thereby free-falling; Described seed-box (6) is fixedly mounted on the external shell (1); Described driving mechanism (5) is controlled by control system (2);
Described detecting unit (11) comprises the velocity sensor (20) that the pace of drawing the tractor that described sower advances is detected in real time, and to whether lacking kind of a scarce kind of detecting sensor (15) that detects simultaneously in previous or two the kind nests (10) that spray all nests and all nests of described spray; The quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor (15) is two or three;
Described control system (2) is the tractor pace that detects in real time according to velocity sensor (20), tackles driving mechanism (5) mutually and controls and make the spray kind speed of rotating speed and described tractor pace and described gas spray kind device of seed plate (4) be complementary; And according to lacking kind of the detected scarce kind of signal of detecting sensor (15), correspondingly make seed plate (4) fast rotational to a kind of nest (10) down or control the complex control system that Alarm Unit (3) is alarmed by control driving mechanism (5).
2. according to the described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seed-box (6) bottom go out kind of mouth and the kind nest (10) that rotates to its below over against.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder, it is characterized in that: described seed plate (4) is a round turntable.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder, it is characterized in that: going out between the outside all sides of kind of mouth and the seed plate (4) of described seed-box (6) bottom is provided with seed retaining plate (16), and the top of described seed retaining plate (16) is fixed on and describedly goes out outside kind of the mouth.
5. according to the described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described clear kind brush (8) is installed on external shell (1) or the seed-box (6), and it is positioned at described seed retaining plate (16) inside.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder, it is characterized in that: described driving mechanism (5) is for being installed in drive motors or the CD-ROM drive motor on the external shell (1).
7. according to the described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the power take-off of described drive motors (17) is vertical driving shaft, and described vertical driving shaft bottom is fixedly mounted on seed plate (4) upper center; Be connected by transmission mechanism (18) between the driven unit of described power take-off (17) and agitator (7).
8. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder, it is characterized in that: described elasticity supporting spring is for being fixed on the profile of tooth rubber supporting spring (19) bottom kind of the nest (10).
9. according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described scarce kind of detecting sensor (15) is two, and all is installed on the external shell (1) by fixture.
CNA2009100222519A 2009-04-28 2009-04-28 Seed metering device used in air-jet type high-speed and no-tillage precision seeder Pending CN101548602A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101790913A (en) * 2010-04-12 2010-08-04 卢绍奎 Seeding method and special electronic seeder
CN105302013A (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-02-03 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Adaptive seeding control method of multi-crop drill seeder
CN106211876A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-12-14 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 A kind of gas blowout formula seeder control system
CN106258111A (en) * 2016-09-05 2017-01-04 东北农业大学 Bucket wheel type seeding unit anti-broadcast leakage speed change reseeds mechanism
CN106416532A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Air-jet seeder seed discharging control method
CN106416521A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Jet-propelled seed discharging apparatus
CN106416533A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Seed spraying device
CN110100535A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-08-09 河北农业大学 A kind of hand-push-type plant planter
CN110196087A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-03 中国农业机械化科学研究院 A kind of Pneumatic conveying type wheat seeder flow detection warning device and method
CN112136429A (en) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-29 青岛农业大学 Peanut seeder

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101790913A (en) * 2010-04-12 2010-08-04 卢绍奎 Seeding method and special electronic seeder
CN101790913B (en) * 2010-04-12 2012-10-03 卢绍奎 Seeding method and special electronic seeder
CN105302013A (en) * 2014-07-03 2016-02-03 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Adaptive seeding control method of multi-crop drill seeder
CN105302013B (en) * 2014-07-03 2017-09-12 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of many crop drill for sowing in lines adaptively sow control method
CN106211876A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-12-14 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 A kind of gas blowout formula seeder control system
CN106416532A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Air-jet seeder seed discharging control method
CN106416521A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Jet-propelled seed discharging apparatus
CN106416533A (en) * 2016-07-18 2017-02-22 柳州龙辉科技有限公司 Seed spraying device
CN106258111A (en) * 2016-09-05 2017-01-04 东北农业大学 Bucket wheel type seeding unit anti-broadcast leakage speed change reseeds mechanism
CN110196087A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-03 中国农业机械化科学研究院 A kind of Pneumatic conveying type wheat seeder flow detection warning device and method
CN110100535A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-08-09 河北农业大学 A kind of hand-push-type plant planter
CN112136429A (en) * 2020-09-15 2020-12-29 青岛农业大学 Peanut seeder

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Open date: 20091007