CN106856747A - A kind of wheat Full-automatic electric-controlled accurate quantification seeder - Google Patents
A kind of wheat Full-automatic electric-controlled accurate quantification seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN106856747A CN106856747A CN201710176694.8A CN201710176694A CN106856747A CN 106856747 A CN106856747 A CN 106856747A CN 201710176694 A CN201710176694 A CN 201710176694A CN 106856747 A CN106856747 A CN 106856747A
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
- A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机，属于精确定量播种机技术领域。包括播种机架，所述播种机架上设有安装架，三点悬挂架，测速轮，开沟器，限深轮；所述安装架上设有种箱，排种出口底板，分种器，分种电机，电器箱，排种电机；所述排种出口底板上设有格栅式排种器。本发明能实现小麦播种的智能化、精准化，与其它种植方式比节省种子生产成本低，改善了禾苗通风透光的生长条件，对获得高产稳产意义重大。
The invention discloses a fully automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder for wheat, which belongs to the technical field of precise quantitative seeders. Including the seeding frame, the seeding frame is equipped with a mounting frame, a three-point suspension frame, a speed measuring wheel, a ditch opener, and a depth-limiting wheel; the mounting frame is equipped with a seed box, a seed discharge bottom plate, and a seed divider , a sorting motor, an electrical box, and a seeding motor; the bottom plate of the seeding outlet is provided with a grid-type seed metering device. The invention can realize intelligent and precise wheat sowing, saves seed production costs compared with other planting methods, improves the ventilation and light-transmitting growth conditions of seedlings, and is of great significance for obtaining high and stable yields.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于精确定量播种机技术领域，尤其涉及一种小麦全自动电控定量播种机。The invention belongs to the technical field of precise quantitative seeders, in particular to a fully automatic electronically controlled quantitative seeder for wheat.
背景技术：Background technique:
目前我国田间播种方式一般为穴播、散播和条播，而现有的播种机械成本高、重量大，不适宜在小型田块上作业，在质地松及湿烂的土地上耕作容易下陷，而且农村是土地承包到户，根本不适合大型播种机作业，而是急需一种小型的适合一人作业的农业机械。因此，设计一种中小型、低成本、符合科学种植的农艺要求的小麦精确播种机是非常必要的。At present, the field sowing methods in my country are generally hole sowing, spreading and drill sowing, but the existing sowing machinery is high in cost and heavy in weight, and is not suitable for working on small fields. Farming on loose and wet land is prone to subsidence, and rural areas are The land is contracted to households, and it is not suitable for large seeders at all. Instead, there is an urgent need for a small agricultural machine suitable for one-person operation. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a small and medium-sized, low-cost wheat precision seeder that meets the agronomic requirements of scientific planting.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明为了克服上述现有技术的不足，提出一种小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机。In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a fully automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder for wheat.
一种小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机，包括播种机架，所述播种机架上设有安装架，三点悬挂架，测速轮，开沟器，限深轮；所述安装架、三点悬挂架焊接在播种机架上，所述测速轮、开沟器、限深轮分别用螺栓联结在播种机架上；所述安装架上设有的种箱、排种出口底板、分种器、分种电机、电控箱、排种电机，所述排种出口底板焊接在安装架上，所述种箱，分种器，分种电机，电控箱，排种电机分别用螺栓联结在安装架上；所述排种出口底板上设有格栅式排种器、排种管，所述格栅式排种器与排种电机由传动皮带连接，所述格栅式排种器由排种盘和外壳组成，所述排种盘做成了格均等的格栅圆盘；所述分种器主要由分种叶轮、分种叶轮轴和具有外壳组成，分种器外壳上有8个均等的种子出口；所述电控箱上设有PLC控制系统及触摸屏；所述测速轮上设有测速器，所述测速器的速度信号经电控箱控制排种电机和分种器电机的转速；所述开沟器上由螺栓联结了覆土轮、刮泥板、落种口。A fully automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder for wheat, comprising a sowing frame, the sowing frame is provided with a mounting frame, a three-point suspension frame, a speed measuring wheel, a ditch opener, and a depth-limiting wheel; the mounting frame, three The point suspension frame is welded on the sowing frame, and the speed measuring wheel, ditch opener, and depth-limiting wheel are respectively connected to the sowing frame with bolts; device, sorting motor, electric control box, seeding motor, the bottom plate of the seeding outlet is welded on the mounting frame, the seeding box, the sorting device, the sorting motor, the electric control box, and the seeding motor are respectively connected by bolts On the mounting frame; the bottom plate of the seed metering outlet is provided with a grid type seed meter and a seed tube, the grid type seed meter and the seed metering motor are connected by a transmission belt, and the grid type seed meter It consists of a seeding disc and a casing, and the seeding disc is made into a grid disc with equal grids; the seed divider is mainly composed of a sorting impeller, a sorting impeller shaft and a shell, and the seed divider shell has a 8 equal seed outlets; the electric control box is equipped with a PLC control system and a touch screen; the speed measuring wheel is equipped with a speedometer, and the speed signal of the speedometer controls the seeding motor and the seed divider through the electric control box The rotational speed of the motor; the opener is connected by bolts to cover soil wheel, mud scraper and seed drop port.
优选的是，所述安装架上设有排种出口底板，所述排种出口底板上设有格栅式排种器，所述格栅式排种器与排种电机由传动皮带连接，所述格栅式排种器由排种盘和外壳组成，所述排种盘做成了格均等的格栅圆盘。Preferably, the mounting frame is provided with a seeding outlet bottom plate, and a grid-type seed metering device is arranged on the seed-discharging outlet bottom plate, and the grid-type seed metering device and the seeding motor are connected by a transmission belt. The grid-type seed-metering device is composed of a seed-metering disc and a casing, and the seed-metering disc is made into a grid disc with equal grids.
优选的是，所述开沟器上由螺栓联结了覆土轮、刮泥板。Preferably, the opener is connected with a covering wheel and a mud scraper by bolts.
优选的是，所述电控箱上设有PLC控制系统及触摸屏；所述测速轮上设有测速器，所述测速器的速度信号经电控箱控制排种电机和分种器电机的转速。Preferably, the electric control box is provided with a PLC control system and a touch screen; the speed measuring wheel is provided with a speedometer, and the speed signal of the speedometer controls the speed of the seeding motor and the seed divider motor through the electric control box .
优选的是，所述安装架上设有分种器和分种器电机，分种器外壳上有8个均等的出口。Preferably, the mounting frame is provided with a seed divider and a seed divider motor, and there are 8 equal outlets on the seed divider housing.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. 本发明与小麦其它种植方式比较对干湿田块适应性强、生产强度低、生产成本低，尤为适合中小农户的市场需求。1. Compared with other wheat planting methods, the present invention has strong adaptability to dry and wet fields, low production intensity and low production cost, and is especially suitable for the market demand of small and medium-sized farmers.
2. 实现小麦精确播种，使禾苗通风透光的生长条件大为改善，对小麦获得高产稳产意义重大。2. Realize the precise sowing of wheat, greatly improve the growth conditions of the seedlings with ventilation and light transmission, which is of great significance to the high and stable yield of wheat.
3. 本发明的应用为农业机械现代化、智能化起到示范推进作用。3. The application of the present invention plays an exemplary role in promoting the modernization and intelligence of agricultural machinery.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1：小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机主视图；Figure 1: Front view of fully automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder for wheat;
图2：小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机右视图；Figure 2: Right view of wheat fully automatic electric control precise quantitative seeder;
图3：格栅式排种盘主视图；Figure 3: Front view of grid type seeding tray;
图4：格栅式排种盘剖视图；Figure 4: Sectional view of grid type seeding tray;
图5：分种器内部组件图；Figure 5: Diagram of internal components of the seed divider;
图6：分种叶轮俯视图。Figure 6: A top view of the sorting impeller.
图中标记：Marked in the figure:
1—三点悬挂架， 2—种箱， 3—安装架， 4—格栅式排种器， 5—排种出口底板， 6—排种管， 7—分种器，8—分种电机， 9—落种管， 10—测速轮， 11—测速器， 12—覆土轮，13—落种口， 14—刮泥板， 15—开沟器， 16—限深轮， 17—手轮， 18—电控箱， 19—播种机架 ， 20—排种电机， 21—排种盘 ，22—分种叶轮，23—分种叶轮轴。1—three-point suspension frame, 2—seed box, 3—installation frame, 4—grid seed metering device, 5—seeding outlet bottom plate, 6—seeding tube, 7—seed separator, 8—seed separation motor , 9—seeding pipe, 10—speed measuring wheel, 11—speed measuring device, 12—covering soil wheel, 13—seeding opening, 14—mud scraper, 15—ditch opener, 16—deep limiter wheel, 17—hand wheel , 18—electric control box, 19—sowing frame, 20—seeding motor, 21—seeding disk, 22—distribution impeller, 23—distribution impeller shaft.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方案对本发明作具体说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如附图1、图2所示，一种小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机，包括播种机架19，所述播种机架19上设有三点悬挂架1，安装架3，测速轮10，开沟器15，限深轮16；所述安装架3、三点悬挂架1焊接在播种机架19上，所述测速轮10，开沟器15，限深轮16分别用螺栓联结在播种机架19上；所述三点悬挂架1与牵引拖拉机挂接；所述安装架3上设有排种出口底板5、种箱2、分种器7、分种电机8、电控箱18，所述排种出口底板5焊接在安装架3上，所述种箱2、分种器7、分种电机8、电控箱18、排种电机20分别用螺栓联结在安装架3上；所述排种出口底板5上设有格栅式排种器4、排种管6，所述格栅式排种器4与排种电机20，由传动皮带连接，所述格栅式排种器4由排种盘21和外壳组成，所述排种盘21做成了20格均等的格栅圆盘，所述排种管6与分种器7的进料口相连接；所述开沟器15上由螺栓联结了覆土轮12、落种口13、刮泥板14，所述落种口13与分种器7的出料口由落种管9连接；所述测速轮10上设有测速器11，所述测速器11的速度信号经电控箱18控制排种电机20和分种器电机8的转速。图3、图4所示排种盘21为所述格栅式排种器4的主要部件，排种盘21每格填充的小麦种子数量均等，当种箱2的种子经过格栅式排种器4中的排种盘21后，随着排种盘21的旋转，单位转速里排出格栅式排种器4的种子数量均等，所述排种盘21由排种电机20带动；图5所示所述为分种器7的内部组件图，图6所示为分种叶轮22的俯视图，所述分种叶轮22与分种电机8由分种叶轮轴23连接，所述分种叶轮22的作用是将小麦种子均匀的分散到分种器7外壳上均等的8个种子出口；所述电控箱18的电源由牵引拖拉机提供，所述电控箱18处理来自测速器11的速度信号，并向分种电机8、排种电机20发出工作指令。As shown in accompanying drawing 1, shown in Figure 2, a kind of wheat full-automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder comprises sowing frame 19, and described sowing frame 19 is provided with three-point suspension frame 1, mounting frame 3, speed measuring wheel 10, Ditch opener 15, depth-limiting wheel 16; Described installation frame 3, three-point suspension frame 1 are welded on the sowing frame 19, and described tachometer wheel 10, ditch opener 15, depth-limiting wheel 16 are respectively bolted on the sowing frame. On the frame 19; the three-point suspension frame 1 is articulated with the traction tractor; the mounting frame 3 is provided with a seed discharge outlet base plate 5, a seed box 2, a seed divider 7, a sort motor 8, and an electric control box 18 , the seed discharge outlet base plate 5 is welded on the mounting frame 3, and the seed box 2, the seed divider 7, the sorting motor 8, the electric control box 18, and the seed sorting motor 20 are bolted to the mounting frame 3 respectively; The bottom plate 5 of the seeding outlet is provided with a grid-type seed metering device 4 and a seed-discharging pipe 6. The grid-type seed-metering device 4 and the seed-discharging motor 20 are connected by a transmission belt. Device 4 is made up of seeding disc 21 and shell, and described seeding disc 21 has made 20 lattice equal grid discs, and described seeding pipe 6 is connected with the feeding port of seed divider 7; The ditch device 15 is connected with the soil covering wheel 12, the seed drop port 13, and the mud scraper 14 by bolts, and the seed drop port 13 is connected with the discharge port of the seed divider 7 by the seed drop pipe 9; A speedometer 11 is provided, and the speed signal of the speedometer 11 controls the rotating speeds of the seeding motor 20 and the seed distributor motor 8 through the electric control box 18 . The seeding tray 21 shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the main part of the grid-type seed metering device 4, and the wheat seed quantity filled in each grid of the seeding tray 21 is equal, when the seeds of the seed box 2 pass through the grid-type seeding After the seeding disc 21 in the device 4, along with the rotation of the seeding disc 21, the number of seeds discharged from the grid-type seed metering device 4 per unit speed is equal, and the seeding disc 21 is driven by the seeding motor 20; Fig. 5 Shown is the internal component diagram of the sorting device 7, and Fig. 6 shows the top view of the sorting impeller 22, the sorting impeller 22 is connected with the sorting motor 8 by the sorting impeller shaft 23, and the sorting impeller The effect of 22 is to disperse the wheat seeds evenly to 8 equal seed outlets on the shell of the seed divider 7; signal, and send work instructions to the sorting motor 8 and the sorting motor 20.
本发明具体工作过程为：Concrete work process of the present invention is:
本发明为一种小麦全自动电控精确定量播种机，它的工作过程是先将三点悬挂架1与牵引拖拉机挂接，用手轮17调节好限深轮16的高度，电控箱18接上电源，向种箱2里加入小麦种子，在电控箱18触摸屏电脑上设定所需的亩播麦种量（斤）。当完成上述准备工作后，启动柴油机，本发明随牵引拖拉机运动，测速轮10也随之运动，开启电源开关，测速器11开始工作，测速器11的速度信号反馈至电控箱18，经电控箱18的数据处理，对排种电机20、分种电机8发出符合小麦亩播量转速的工作指令，排种电机20、分种电机8分别使格栅式排种器4、分种器7按工作指令给出的转速各自旋转，使一定量的小麦种由种箱2，经由格栅式排种器4，排种管6，分种器7，落种管9，落种口13均匀地播入开沟器15开出的八条小沟内，由于格栅式排种器4单位转速里排出的种子数量是均等的，且其转速又受控于测速轮10，测速轮10的线速度与牵引车行走的线速度是同步的，所以，在设定所需的亩播麦种量后，种子下落的数量与牵引车行走的线速度快慢同步；覆土轮12将开沟器15排出的土重新覆盖小沟内，起到覆盖种子的作用，刮泥板14的作用是将开沟器15表面所粘的土铲除。The present invention is a kind of fully automatic electronically controlled precise quantitative seeder for wheat. Its working process is to first connect the three-point suspension frame 1 with the traction tractor, adjust the height of the depth-limiting wheel 16 with the hand wheel 17, and the electric control box 18 Connect the power supply, add wheat seeds in the seed box 2, and set the required mu sowing wheat seed amount (jin) on the electric control box 18 touch screen computers. After finishing above-mentioned preparatory work, start diesel engine, the present invention moves with traction tractor, and tachometer wheel 10 also moves thereupon, turns on power switch, and tachometer 11 begins to work, and the speed signal of tachometer 11 is fed back to electric control box 18, through electric The data processing of control box 18 sends the work instruction that meets the wheat sowing speed per mu to the seeding motor 20 and the sorting motor 8, and the seeding motor 20 and the sorting motor 8 respectively make the grid type seed metering device 4 and the seeding device 7 Rotate respectively according to the rotation speed given by the work order, so that a certain amount of wheat seeds are passed from the seed box 2, through the grid-type seed metering device 4, the seed metering pipe 6, the seed separator 7, the seed dropping pipe 9, and the seed dropping port 13 Uniformly sow in the eight small ditches opened by the ditch opener 15, because the number of seeds discharged in the 4 unit speed of the grid type seed meter is equal, and its speed is controlled by the speed measuring wheel 10, and the speed of the speed measuring wheel 10 The linear speed is synchronous with the linear speed of the tractor, so after setting the required amount of wheat seeds per mu, the amount of seeds falling is synchronized with the linear speed of the tractor; The soil of discharging covers in the ditch again, plays the effect of covering seed, and the effect of mud scraper 14 is that the soil that ditch opener 15 surfaces sticks is shoveled.
上述实例只是作为说明本发明的技术构思乃特点，其目的是在于让本领域的技术人员了解本发明的内容，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围; 凡根据本发明内容的实质所作出的等效变化，如尺寸、外型大小或用于其它物种播种等都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围。Above-mentioned example is only as the technical design of the present invention is described as characteristic, and its purpose is to let those skilled in the art understand content of the present invention, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; Equivalent changes, such as size, shape or use for sowing of other species, etc. should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112075163A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-15 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Dual-drive type on-film hole-opening seeding device and method |
| CN113545189A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-26 | 黑龙江北大荒众荣农机有限公司 | Electric control double-seedling air-carrying type precision seeding monomer |
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| CN101953247A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2011-01-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Small field sower |
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| CN112075163A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-15 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Dual-drive type on-film hole-opening seeding device and method |
| CN113545189A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-26 | 黑龙江北大荒众荣农机有限公司 | Electric control double-seedling air-carrying type precision seeding monomer |
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