CN103636334A - Fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device and method - Google Patents
Fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636334A CN103636334A CN201310647176.1A CN201310647176A CN103636334A CN 103636334 A CN103636334 A CN 103636334A CN 201310647176 A CN201310647176 A CN 201310647176A CN 103636334 A CN103636334 A CN 103636334A
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as a fertilizer and a seed fixed-point adding device and a method. The fertilizer fixed-point adding device comprises a shell, a feeding opening, a discharging opening, an input pipe and an output pipe, wherein the feeding opening and the discharging opening are formed in the upper part and the lower part of the shell respectively; the feeding opening is communicated with the input pipe; the discharging opening is communicated with the output pipe; the shell is cylindrical and is internally provided with a material scraping valve plate and a valve plate shaft; the valve plate shaft is arranged at the circle center of the shell and the axial direction of the valve plate shaft is parallel to that of the shell; the material scraping valve plate is fixedly mounted on the valve plate shaft and can rotate around the valve plate shaft; the shape and the size of the material scraping valve plate are matched with the central section of the shell to divide the inner space of the shell into two parts. The invention further provides the fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device adopting the fertilizer fixed-point adding device and a seeding and fertilizing method of the fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device. According to the fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as the fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device and the seeding and fertilizing method, the problems that an existing fertilizer adding device ablates buds and fertilizers are wasted are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farming machinery, refer to especially a kind of fertilizer fixed point delivery device, and fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device and the method for applying this fertilizer fixed point delivery device.
Background technology
Cassava is one of the world three large tuber crops, is the grain that 600,000,000 above populations are depended on for existence in the world, or important starch material, is also one of good biomass energy crop simultaneously.China's cassava non-grain crop, approximately 8,600,000 mu of cultivated areas, annual production is about 1,100 ten thousand tons, 2010, the aggregate demand of China cassava was estimated to surpass 2,200 ten thousand tons, and wherein starch is with 1,000 ten thousand tons, alcohol is with 9,000,000 tons, and feed is with surpassing 3,000,000 tons, and breach reaches more than 1,000 ten thousand tons.
Traditional Wood planting potato be take manually as main, and output is few, and efficiency is low.For meeting ever-increasing biomass energy demand, cassava production mechanization is inevitable choice.The cassava plantation enterprise of scale is sowing, the harvest operation of area trial mechanization such as in south China, Southeast Asia, Africa.But the research and development of current many cassava manufacturing machine correlation techniques are also in the starting stage.
Cassava kind is implanted with the features such as seeding row spacing is wide, fertilizer requirement is large, the operations such as current cassava sowing function is disposable completes trench digging, cut kind, sow, fertilising, earthing, and what have also increases the additional functionality of spraying medicine, epiphragma.The method that its common fertilizer discharges is: the fertiliser granulates in fertiliser bucket is successively exported through fertilizer apparatus (flow is adjustable), by conveying rubber pipe, is guided, and become wire to be sprinkled in kind of ditch, and cassava kind stem also falls into kind of a ditch, directly lies on fertilizer.
There are two serious technical problems in such fertilizer put-on method:
1. seed directly contacts with fertilizer, and seed tooth bud is easily by fertilizer ablation and necrosis affects teething rate;
2. fertilizer is wire and discharges continuously, and because spacing in the rows is larger, part is difficult for being absorbed from the fertilizer away from seed, causes fertilizer waste, also causes water and soil secondary pollution.
Domestic patent database discloses the patented technology of many fertilizer apparatuses:
For example: [patent No.] CN201020274284.0, [title] a kind of fixed-location quantitative fertilizing device, [notification number] CN201878531, a kind of fixed-location quantitative fertilizing device is disclosed, comprise casing, fertilising pipe, blanking axle and spiral feeding shaft, fertilising pipe communicates with bottom half by discharging opening, lie along casing below, blanking axle passes across fertilising pipe and is positioned at casing below, blanking axle is provided with blanking wheel through the part of fertilising pipe, spiral conveying is located in casing inner bottom part, between blanking axle and spiral feeding shaft, establish interlinked mechanism, at least one capaciting material groove is set on blanking wheel, fertilising pipe arranges at least one and is in charge of below blanking wheel.The utility model has been realized site-directed quantitative fertilising, can not only save fertilizer, and can avoid using the fertilising of caking fertilizer; Transmission system simple and stable, coordinates with plantation facility, can realize fertilising and synchronize with sowing cultivation seedling.
For example: [patent No.] CN200710141212.1, [title] synchronization fertilizer apparatus of sowing machine, [notification number] CN101116386, a kind of synchronization fertilizer apparatus of sowing machine is disclosed, comprise kind, the seed-fertilizer box of nutriment in a fertilizer dress, seeding wheel and defertilizing wheel are installed respectively in this seed-fertilizer box bottom, below the defertilizing wheel of seed-fertilizer box, removable cover is installed, above removable cover, install and control its movable crank axle, on crank axle, connect roller, on the sowing wheel shaft of seeding wheel, cam is installed, is at least provided with a double wedge on cam, double wedge is positioned at said roller place.The removable cover that defertilizing wheel of the present invention is installed is below the state in sealing defertilizing opening at ordinary times, when the double wedge on cam turns to crank axle place, double wedge is stirred crankshaft rotation and is driven removable cover to rotate, defertilizing opening can be opened fertilizer is landed, when double wedge leaves crank axle, crank axle return also makes removable cover return, defertilizing opening sealing is stopped to fertilising, at this moment start sowing, because sower is go-ahead, so at seeding time, sowing opening just in time turns to fertilising place, thereby has realized quantitative fixed point seeding and fertilizing.
For example: [patent No.] CN201320077385.2, [title] a kind of crop seedling fertilizer distributor, [notification number] CN203219714, discloses a kind of crop seedling fertilizer distributor, comprises frame, hoisting rack, driving wheel undercarriage, transmission system, quantitatively lower fertile device, spot application device assembly etc.Quantitatively lower fertile device is designed to quantitatively adjustable movement, square quantitative box.Fertilizer applicator assembly is slider-crank mechanism, drives shovel cave pipe to move up and down insert in soil layer by fertilising crank, door opener is set simultaneously and opens the door in time fertilizer is applied to soil layer prescribed depth.Driving wheel adopts ratchet mechanism with being connected of live axle, moves backward, turns to flexibly.Transmission system is sprocket wheel chain drive, adjusts teeth number of sprocket capable of regulating fertilising spacing in the rows.Spot application device assembly and frame junction setting party's U bolt are fixed, frame is length regulating type, adjusts U-bolt one or more fertilizer applicator assemblies can be installed, and realizes a line or multirow fertilising, fuselage periphery arranges frame and hitch frame, is applicable to the mechanical tractions such as tractor.
Above innovation and creation have adopted substantially identical fertilization mode: can realize site-directed quantitative fertilising but some mechanisms are too numerous and diverse, reliability is low, and the mode that still adopts nest hole formula quantitative fertilizer having, very easily sticky stifled by fertilizer powder; .Therefore, ablation tooth bud, waste fertilizer issues that existing fertilizer delivery device and mode exist easy obstruction, poor reliability and conventional linear fertilizing method to leave over, need to make further improvement to fertilizer delivery device.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve that existing fertilizer delivery device reliability is low, the problem of ablation tooth bud, waste fertilizer provides a kind of and prevents ablation tooth bud, save fertilizer, not susceptible to plugging fertilizer fixed point delivery device.
Fertilizer fixed point delivery device of the present invention comprises housing, charging aperture, discharging opening, input pipe, efferent duct, the upper and lower of described housing is respectively equipped with charging aperture and discharging opening, described charging aperture is communicated with input pipe, described discharging opening is communicated with efferent duct, described housing is cylindrical, and its inside is provided with scraper valve plate and valve shaft; Described valve shaft is located at the center of circle of described housing, its axially parallel axial and housing; Described scraper valve plate is fixedly installed on valve shaft, can rotate around valve shaft, and the geomery of scraper valve plate matches with housing central cross-section, and enclosure interior space is divided into two parts.
Described housing, valve shaft, scraper valve plate all adopt the material that is difficult for getting rusty to make.
The angle of described input pipe, efferent duct and horizontal plane is all not less than 60 degree.
Described input pipe, efferent duct are quality of rubber materials.
Fertilizer of the present invention and seed fixed point delivery device, used as fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 1, comprises seed-box, seed output mechanism, fertilizer can, the fertilizer apparatus supporting with fertilizer fixed point delivery device; Described fertilizer fixed point delivery device is installed on the lower end of fertilizer apparatus, and described charging aperture is communicated to fertilizer apparatus by input pipe, and fertilizer fixed point delivery device is positioned at the longitudinally upper of seed output mechanism, described valve shaft and seed output mechanism or ground wheel assembly interlock.
Described seed output mechanism and ground wheel assembly interlock, wheel turns one circle, scraper valve plate is opened secondary, seed output mechanism seeding secondary.
Stretch out outside housing one end of described valve shaft, is installed with driven pulley on termination, and driven pulley is by gear drive and seed output mechanism or ground wheel assembly interlock.
The ferti-seeding method that described fertilizer and seed fixed point are thrown in, comprises the following steps:
A. material is prepared: seed is put in seed-box; Fertilizer is packed in fertilizer can;
B. tractor drives fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, make it to advance along sowing plot, rolling along with the ground wheel assembly of fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, drives seed output mechanism and the fertilizer fixed point delivery device of interlock with it sow and apply fertilizer;
C. seed is discharged: seed output mechanism discharges seed, and seed is rendered in kind of ditch by the spacing in the rows of setting;
D. fertilizer is thrown in: fertilizer is intermittently fallen in ditch through fertilizer can, fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer fixed point delivery device, shape in heaps successively, fertilizer input frequency is consistent with seed discharge frequency, fertilizer is thrown the time and seed efflux time staggers each other, and fertilizer heap drops on seed side and keeps certain adjustable distance with seed.
In described step D, fertilizer launch process following steps:
Fertilizer enters in housing continuously along input pipe, and stretch out outside housing one end of described valve shaft, is installed with driven pulley on termination, and driven pulley is by gear drive and seed output mechanism or ground wheel assembly interlock; Scraper valve plate rotates along with the rotation of valve shaft, and enclosure interior is divided into two parts, every rotation half-turn, and the first half that scraper valve plate is separated into receives fertilizer from charging aperture, and the latter half is discharged fertilizer from discharging opening, and fertilizer drops in ditch along efferent duct is in heaps;
By regulating the relative tooth matching angle between the gear of driven pulley and gear drive, and the relative position that change scraper valve plate is opened, the efflux time of fertilizer fixed point delivery device and seed output mechanism is staggered, thereby regulate the drop point interval between fertilizer heap and seed.
The top of described housing, the side of charging aperture is provided with firm banking.By this firm banking, can be installed on the equipment being used in conjunction with.
Fertilizer of the present invention fixed point delivery device has been realized fertilizer Ji Duiization fixed point and has been thrown in, and fertilizer heap and seed remain adjustable spacing, coordinates the use of seed delivery device, solved existing seed easily by fertilizer ablation, affect the technical problem of seed teething rate; Meanwhile, heap shape fertilizer, again as far as possible near seed, is beneficial to the absorption of seed, has improved the availability of fertilizer; Fertilizer fixed point delivery device, adopts the mode of fixed point to discharge fertilizer, and the equipment of wire fertilising, has improved utilization rate of fertilizer relatively, saves fertilizing amount more than 20%, and economic benefit and environmental benefit are obvious.
The present invention is simple in structure, reliable operation, owing to adopting the version of rotary scraping valve plate to push fertilizer, and housing circular inner wall constantly strikes off fertilizer fouling voluntarily by scraper valve plate, the drawbacks such as formula fertilizer delivery device easy fouling in traditional nest hole is stopped up, and quantitatively difficulty is adjusted, error is large have been overcome.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fertilizer fixed point delivery device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be fertilizer fixed point delivery device and seed output mechanism overlook syndeton schematic diagram.
In figure, 1-seed output mechanism; 2-housing; 3-charging aperture; 4-discharging opening; 5-input pipe; 6-efferent duct; 7-scraper valve plate; 8-valve shaft; 9-driven pulley; 10-firm banking.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, fertilizer fixed point delivery device of the present invention, comprise housing 2, charging aperture 3, discharging opening 4, input pipe 5, efferent duct 6 and ground wheel assembly, the upper and lower of described housing 2 is respectively equipped with charging aperture 3 and discharging opening 4, described charging aperture 3 is communicated with input pipe 5, described discharging opening 4 is communicated with efferent duct 6, and described housing 2 is cylindrical, and its inside is provided with scraper valve plate 7 and valve shaft 8; Described valve shaft 8 is located at the center of circle of described housing 2, its axially parallel axial and housing 2; Described scraper valve plate 7 is fixedly installed on valve shaft 8, can rotate around valve shaft 8, and the geomery of scraper valve plate 7 matches with housing 2 central cross-sections, and enclosure interior space is divided into two parts.
Described housing 2, valve shaft 8, scraper valve plate 7 all adopt the material that is difficult for getting rusty to make.
Described input pipe 5, efferent duct 6 are all not less than 60 degree with the angle of horizontal plane.
Described input pipe 5, efferent duct 6 are quality of rubber materials.
The top of described housing 2, the side of charging aperture 3 is provided with firm banking 10.By this firm banking 10, can be installed on the equipment being used in conjunction with.
As shown in Figure 2, fertilizer of the present invention and seed fixed point delivery device, used fertilizer fixed point delivery device as shown in Figure 1, comprises seed-box, seed output mechanism 1, fertilizer can, the fertilizer apparatus supporting with fertilizer fixed point delivery device; Described fertilizer fixed point delivery device is installed on the lower end of fertilizer apparatus, described charging aperture 3 is communicated to fertilizer apparatus by input pipe 5, fertilizer fixed point delivery device is positioned at the longitudinally upper of seed output mechanism 1, described valve shaft 8 and seed output mechanism 1 or ground wheel assembly interlock.
Described seed output mechanism 1 and ground wheel assembly interlock, wheel turns one circle, scraper valve plate 7 is opened secondary, seed output mechanism 1 seeding secondary.
Stretch out outside housing 2 one end of described valve shaft 8, is installed with driven pulley 9 on termination, and driven pulley 9 is by gear drive and seed output mechanism 1 or ground wheel assembly interlock.
Fertilizer fixed point delivery device compatibility of the present invention is good, can be installed on easily fertilizer apparatus (as pothole formula, the spiral) lower end, fertilizer outlet place of various sower different structure type, this device wheel 9 and sower seed output mechanism or ground wheel mechanism are in transmission connection and can be used by certain speed ratio.Needn't do large change to former sower and fertilizer apparatus.
Use fertilizer fixed point delivery device of the present invention to apply fertilizer, comprise the following steps:
A. material is prepared: seed is put in seed-box; Fertilizer is packed in fertilizer can;
B. tractor drives fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, make it to advance along sowing plot, rolling along with the ground wheel assembly of fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, drives seed output mechanism 1 and the fertilizer fixed point delivery device of interlock with it sow and apply fertilizer;
C. seed is discharged: seed output mechanism 1 discharges seed, and seed is rendered in kind of ditch by the spacing in the rows of setting;
D. fertilizer is thrown in: fertilizer is intermittently fallen in ditch through fertilizer can, fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer fixed point delivery device, shape in heaps successively, fertilizer input frequency is consistent with seed discharge frequency, fertilizer is thrown the time and seed efflux time staggers each other, and fertilizer heap drops on seed side and keeps certain adjustable distance with seed.
In described step D, fertilizer launch process following steps:
Fertilizer enters in housing 2 continuously along input pipe 5, and stretch out outside housing 2 one end of described valve shaft 8, is installed with driven pulley 9 on termination, and driven pulley 9 is by gear drive and seed output mechanism or ground wheel assembly interlock; Scraper valve plate 7 rotates along with the rotation of valve shaft 8, housing 2 inside are divided into two parts, every rotation half-turn, the first half that scraper valve plate 7 is separated into receives fertilizer from charging aperture 3, the latter half is discharged fertilizer from discharging opening 4, and fertilizer drops in ditch along efferent duct is in heaps;
By regulating the relative tooth matching angle between the gear of driven pulley 9 and gear drive, and the relative position that change scraper valve plate 7 is opened, the efflux time of fertilizer fixed point delivery device and seed output mechanism 1 is staggered, thereby regulate the drop point interval between fertilizer heap and seed.Guarantee fertilizer heap and the spacing of seed be fix and do not contact, thereby solved fertilizer, directly contact with seed the seed tooth bud ablation problem causing.
Claims (10)
1. fertilizer fixed point delivery device, comprise housing (2), charging aperture (3), discharging opening (4), input pipe (5), efferent duct (6), it is characterized in that: the upper and lower of described housing (2) is respectively equipped with charging aperture (3) and discharging opening (4), described charging aperture (3) is communicated with input pipe (5), described discharging opening (4) is communicated with efferent duct (6), described housing (2) is cylindrical, and its inside is provided with scraper valve plate (7) and valve shaft (8); Described valve shaft (8) is located at the center of circle of described housing (2), its axially parallel axial and housing (2); It is upper that described scraper valve plate (7) is fixedly installed in valve shaft (8), can rotate around valve shaft (8), and the geomery of scraper valve plate (7) matches with housing (2) central cross-section, and enclosure interior space is divided into two parts.
2. fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described housing (2), valve shaft (8), scraper valve plate (7) all adopt the material that is difficult for getting rusty to make.
3. fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described input pipe (5), efferent duct (6) are all not less than 60 degree with the angle of horizontal plane.
4. fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described input pipe (5), efferent duct (6) are quality of rubber materials.
5. fertilizer and a seed fixed point delivery device, used as fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 1, comprises seed-box, seed output mechanism (1), fertilizer can, the fertilizer apparatus supporting with fertilizer fixed point delivery device; It is characterized in that: described fertilizer fixed point delivery device is installed on the lower end of fertilizer apparatus, described charging aperture (3) is communicated to fertilizer apparatus by input pipe (5), fertilizer fixed point delivery device is positioned at the longitudinally upper of seed output mechanism (1), described valve shaft (8) and seed output mechanism (1) or ground wheel assembly interlock.
6. fertilizer according to claim 5 and seed fixed point delivery device, is characterized in that: described seed output mechanism (1) encloses with ground wheel assembly interlock, wheel turns one, and scraper valve plate (7) is opened secondary, seed output mechanism (1) seeding secondary.
7. fertilizer according to claim 5 fixed point delivery device, it is characterized in that: stretch out outside housing (2) one end of described valve shaft (8), on termination, be installed with driven pulley (9), driven pulley (9) is by gear drive and seed output mechanism (1) or ground wheel assembly interlock.
8. fertilizer fixed point delivery device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described input pipe (5), efferent duct (6) are all not less than 60 degree with the angle of horizontal plane.
9. a ferti-seeding method of using fertilizer as claimed in claim 5 and seed fixed point delivery device, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. material is prepared: seed is put in seed-box; Fertilizer is packed in fertilizer can;
B. tractor drives fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, make it to advance along sowing plot, along with the rolling of the ground wheel assembly of fertilizer and seed fixed point delivery device, drive the seed output mechanism (1) of interlock with it and the fertilizer delivery device of fixing a point sow and apply fertilizer;
C. seed is discharged: seed output mechanism (1) discharges seed, and seed is rendered in kind of ditch by the spacing in the rows of setting;
D. fertilizer is thrown in: fertilizer is intermittently fallen in ditch through fertilizer can, fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer fixed point delivery device, shape in heaps successively, fertilizer input frequency is consistent with seed discharge frequency, fertilizer is thrown the time and seed efflux time staggers each other, and fertilizer heap drops on seed side and keeps certain adjustable distance with seed.
10. ferti-seeding method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in described step D, and fertilizer launch process following steps:
Fertilizer enters in housing (2) continuously along input pipe (5), stretch out outside housing (2) one end of described valve shaft (8), on termination, be installed with driven pulley (9), driven pulley (9) is by gear drive and seed output mechanism or ground wheel assembly interlock; Scraper valve plate (7) rotates along with the rotation of valve shaft (8), housing (2) inside is divided into two parts, every rotation half-turn, the first half that scraper valve plate (7) is separated into receives fertilizer from charging aperture (3), the latter half is discharged fertilizer from discharging opening (4), and fertilizer drops in ditch along efferent duct is in heaps;
By regulating the relative tooth matching angle between the gear of driven pulley (9) and gear drive, and the relative position that change scraper valve plate (7) is opened, the efflux time of fertilizer fixed point delivery device and seed output mechanism (1) is staggered, thereby regulate the drop point interval between fertilizer heap and seed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310647176.1A CN103636334A (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device and method |
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| CN201310647176.1A CN103636334A (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2013-12-06 | Fertilizer fixed-point adding device as well as fertilizer and seed fixed-point adding device and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104801414A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-29 | 安徽池州博源非金属矿研发中心有限公司 | Feeding adjusting device of Raymond mill |
| CN107172941A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-19 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of fertilization structure for fertilizer applicator |
| CN107778261A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-09 | 王庆锋 | Energy-saving low pressure extracts cold preparation technology of melamine |
| CN109982558A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-05 | 富世华股份有限公司 | Roller for broadcast sowing machine assembly |
| CN109987227A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 广州刀锋智能科技有限公司 | A kind of goods and materials jettison system based on unmanned plane |
| CN112470614A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-12 | 西京学院 | Discharging structure and garden seeder |
| CN117981532B (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-06-28 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Planter integrating seeding and fertilizing |
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| CN112470614A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-12 | 西京学院 | Discharging structure and garden seeder |
| CN117981532B (en) * | 2024-02-21 | 2024-06-28 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Planter integrating seeding and fertilizing |
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