CN101543576A - Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101543576A CN101543576A CN200810102909A CN200810102909A CN101543576A CN 101543576 A CN101543576 A CN 101543576A CN 200810102909 A CN200810102909 A CN 200810102909A CN 200810102909 A CN200810102909 A CN 200810102909A CN 101543576 A CN101543576 A CN 101543576A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- radix
- rhizoma
- fructus
- alzheimer disease
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia, which comprises medicine effective components and/or carriers that are receivable on the pharmacy, wherein the medicine effective components are prepared by extracting shizandra berry, ophiopogon root, common anemarrhena rhizome, ginseng, eucommia bark, prepared rehmannia rhizome, danshen root, dogwood (prepared), yam, alisma orientale, tuckahoe, medlar, fleece-flower root, and the like. The invention has the efficacies of invigorating vital energy and nourishing blood, strengthening brain and promoting intelligence, and is used for improving the symptoms of forgetfulness and deficiency of both qi and blood, hypomnesia, ennui acratia, dizziness and palpitation and senile dementia. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the medicine composition.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to technical field of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy, be specifically related to drug regimen of a kind of prevention and treatment alzheimer disease and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Senile dementia claims old dysmnesia again, is a kind of common senile chronic mental sickness, and it has become after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumor, threatens the third-largest killer of human health.Statistics shows that present China has more than these patient 5,000,000 people approximately.
The statistics of American-European countries shows that dementia takes place old people 6%～12% more than 60 years old, and the old man more than 85 years old then has 20%～40% dementia takes place, and wherein more than half is alzheimer disease.According to statistics, the whole world has the people above 2,000 ten thousand to suffer from alzheimer disease.
Recently, taken the lead by BJ Union Hospital, 109 doctors at 10 centers, 6 cities, the whole nation have participated in the Epidemiological study that 42890 old men are carried out.The survey showed that, and the northern area of China over-65s resident prevalence of dementia is 6.9%, and wherein alzheimer disease is 4.2%, and vascular dementia is 1.9%.China's southern area over-65s resident prevalence of dementia is 3.9%, and wherein alzheimer disease is 2.8%, and vascular dementia is 0.9%.Estimate that the existing dull-witted gerontal patient of China surpasses 4,000,000, wherein alzheimer disease accounts for 1/3.The population of China more than 60 years old reached 1.3 hundred million in 2000, accounted for 10% of population; To reach 2.3 hundred million to the year two thousand twenty, account for more than 20% of population.The continuous increase of aging population is risen alzheimer disease patient's number significantly.
It is predicted the year two thousand thirty that the number that senile dementia is suffered from the whole world will reach 6,000 ten thousand, only China just will have 1,200 ten thousand.Show according to the investigation in Beijing: in the old people more than 10,000 years old more than 120, just have people more than 2000 to suffer from senile dementia.Along with the continuous increase of aging population, the prevalence of this disease must be in rising trend.Alzheimer disease mostly occurs in the old people of over-65s.Around the atrophy of patient's cerebral cortex and a series of personality, emotion, intelligence and the behavior that occur unusual, the most common is the obstacle of memory and computing power.Along with the development of the state of an illness, the patient will become selfishness, irritability, dissolute, cold, slack, spend freely, steal, even forfeiture ethics and family, society's responsibility sense.Not knowing of having is hungry full, and gatism is so that completely lose work and viability.
If before the more than ten years, the senile dementia disease that perhaps also is nothing.The people is old, and is muddled a bit very normal.Can be to today, senile dementia but is a hang-up that really confuses our life.Why? because medical advance, we know that the state of " muddle " is actually a kind of irreversible disease, and consequence is fearful; More because aging society has arrived, about 1/10th members of society have been the old peoples, this means that the crowd of senile dementia grows with each passing day.
Summary of the invention:
One of purpose of the present invention provides the drug regimen of a kind of prevention and treatment alzheimer disease.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of this drug regimen.
Chinese medicine of the present invention is made up of active ingredient and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and wherein said active ingredient is made (part is unit of weight) by following raw materials according:
1. write out a prescription:
100-300 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 100-300 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 100-300 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
50-200 parts of 50-200 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 50-200 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
50-200 parts of 50-200 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 50-200 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
50-200 parts of 50-200 parts of Fructus Lycii of 50-200 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
50-200 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori
The active component that preferred following raw materials according is made, curative effect is better:
150 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 150 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 150 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
100 parts of 80 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 100 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
80 parts of 80 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 80 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
100 parts of 80 parts of Fructus Lycii of 80 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
80 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori
The active ingredient preparation method of Chinese medicine of the present invention can be that raw material is dry respectively, and levigation mixes.It also can be the conventional method preparation of adopting herbal pharmaceutical.These pharmacy conventional methods can be water extract-alcohol precipitation or ethanol extract from water precipitation, also have other extracting method in addition, specifically " pharmaceutics of Chinese drugs " published referring to Cao Chunlin chief editor's Shanghai science tech publishing house.
The following preparation method preparation of preferred employing:
2. preparation technology
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae adds 85% alcohol dipping three times, floods 48 hours for the first time, and second and third time flooded respectively 24 hours, filters, and decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(2) medical materials such as all the other Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Ginseng, the Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni (system), Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Poria, Fructus Lycii, Radix Polygoni Multiflori add 10 times of decoctings and boil three times, 1 hour for the first time, second and third time 0.5 hour, filter, merging filtrate, filtrate is condensed into the clear paste that relative density is 1.08～1.14 (50～60 ℃), add 2.8 times of amount ethanol, stir evenly, be heated to 60 ℃, left standstill 24 hours, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(3) step (1) get dry extract is got dry extract with step (2) mix, be ground into fine powder, add acceptable accessories and make different preparations such as granule, sheet, capsule.
Adopt mutual compatibility of above-mentioned raw material of Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof, full side has benefiting qi and nourishing blood, the effect of nourishing the brain and improving intelligence.Be used for forgetful deficiency of qi and blood card, hypomnesis, fatigue and weakness, dizzy cardiopalmus, and the improvement of the above symptom of alzheimer disease.
By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of granule
1. write out a prescription:
150 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 150 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 150 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
100 parts of 80 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 100 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
80 parts of 80 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 80 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
100 parts of 80 parts of Fructus Lycii of 80 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
80 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori
2. preparation technology
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae adds 85% alcohol dipping three times, floods 48 hours for the first time, and second and third time flooded respectively 24 hours, filters, and decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(2) medical materials such as all the other Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Ginseng, the Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni (system), Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Poria, Fructus Lycii, Radix Polygoni Multiflori add 10 times of decoctings and boil three times, 1 hour for the first time, second and third time 0.5 hour, filter, merging filtrate, filtrate is condensed into the clear paste that relative density is 1.08～1.14 (50～60 ℃), add 2.8 times of amount ethanol, stir evenly, be heated to 60 ℃, left standstill 24 hours, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(3) step (1) get dry extract is got dry extract with step (2) mix, add cane sugar powder, mixing is made granule, drying, promptly.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of tablet
1. write out a prescription:
150 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 150 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 150 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
100 parts of 80 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 100 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
80 parts of 80 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 80 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
100 parts of 80 parts of Fructus Lycii of 80 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
80 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori
2. preparation technology
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae adds 85% alcohol dipping three times, floods 48 hours for the first time, and second and third time flooded respectively 24 hours, filters, and decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(2) medical materials such as all the other Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Ginseng, the Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni (system), Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Poria, Fructus Lycii, Radix Polygoni Multiflori add 10 times of decoctings and boil three times, 1 hour for the first time, second and third time 0.5 hour, filter, merging filtrate, filtrate is condensed into the clear paste that relative density is 1.08～1.14 (50～60 ℃), add 2.8 times of amount ethanol, stir evenly, be heated to 60 ℃, left standstill 24 hours, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(3) step (1) get dry extract is got dry extract with step (2) mix, pulverize, sieve, add starch, magnesium stearate, tabletting, promptly.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method of capsule
1. write out a prescription:
150 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 150 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 150 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
100 parts of 80 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 100 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
80 parts of 80 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 80 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
100 parts of 80 parts of Fructus Lycii of 80 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
80 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori
2. preparation technology
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae adds 85% alcohol dipping three times, floods 48 hours for the first time, and second and third time flooded respectively 24 hours, filters, and decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(2) medical materials such as all the other Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Ginseng, the Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni (system), Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Poria, Fructus Lycii, Radix Polygoni Multiflori add 10 times of decoctings and boil three times, 1 hour for the first time, second and third time 0.5 hour, filter, merging filtrate, filtrate is condensed into the clear paste that relative density is 1.08～1.14 (50～60 ℃), add 2.8 times of amount ethanol, stir evenly, be heated to 60 ℃, left standstill 24 hours, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(3) step (1) get dry extract is got dry extract with step (2) mix, pulverize, sieve, add starch, mixing is made granule, and drying incapsulates, promptly.
Claims (5)
1, the drug regimen of a kind of prevention and treatment alzheimer disease is characterized in that being made up of active ingredient and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and wherein said active ingredient is made by following raw materials according:
100-300 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 100-300 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 100-300 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
50-200 parts of 50-200 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 50-200 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
50-200 parts of 50-200 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 50-200 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
50-200 parts of 50-200 parts of Fructus Lycii of 50-200 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
50-200 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori.
2, the drug regimen of a kind of prevention according to claim 1 and treatment alzheimer disease is characterized in that wherein preparing the preferred following raw materials according of described active ingredient:
150 parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis 150 parts of Rhizoma Anemarrhenaes, 150 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis
100 parts of 80 parts of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata of 100 parts of Cortexs Eucommiae of Radix Ginseng
80 parts of 80 portions of Rhizoma Dioscoreaes of 80 parts of Fructus Corni of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (system)
100 parts of 80 parts of Fructus Lycii of 80 parts of Poria of Rhizoma Alismatis
80 parts of Radix Polygoni Multiflori.
3, according to the drug regimen of described a kind of prevention of claim 1-2 and treatment alzheimer disease, it is characterized in that adopting following method to make:
(1) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae adds 85% alcohol dipping three times, floods 48 hours for the first time, and second and third time flooded respectively 24 hours, filters, and decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(2) medical materials such as all the other Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, the Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Radix Ginseng, the Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni (system), Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Poria, Fructus Lycii, Radix Polygoni Multiflori add 10 times of decoctings and boil three times, 1 hour for the first time, second and third time 0.5 hour, filter, merging filtrate, filtrate is condensed into the clear paste that relative density is 1.08～1.14 (50～60 ℃), add 2.8 times of amount ethanol, stir evenly, be heated to 60 ℃, left standstill 24 hours, filter, decompression filtrate recycling ethanol is condensed into the thick paste shape, and vacuum drying below 85 ℃ becomes dried cream;
(3) step (1) get dry extract is got dry extract with step (2) mix, be ground into fine powder, add acceptable accessories and make different preparations such as granule, sheet, capsule.
4, according to the drug regimen of any one described a kind of prevention and treatment alzheimer disease among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that this Chinese medicine composition is an oral formulations.
5, according to the drug regimen of described a kind of prevention of claim 3-4 and treatment alzheimer disease, it is characterized in that this Chinese medicine composition can be made into granule, tablet, capsule.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810102909A CN101543576A (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810102909A CN101543576A (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101543576A true CN101543576A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
Family
ID=41191118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810102909A Pending CN101543576A (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2008-03-28 | Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101543576A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102380024A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-03-21 | 杨中林 | TCM composition for resisting AD and application thereof |
| CN104189358A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 李新民 | Formula for treating senile dementia |
| CN105012660A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-04 | 李洋 | Medicinal preparation for treating senile dementia |
| CN105267615A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-01-27 | 山东省药学科学院 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating Alzheimer disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN106072515A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 惠州同富康生物科技有限公司 | The health-care food composition of a kind of auxiliary improvement of memory containing Armeniaca mume Sieb. and preparation method |
| JP2017515916A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-06-15 | スーチョワン ジシェンタン ファーマシューティカル カンパニー リミテッドＳｉｃｈｕａｎ Ｊｉｓｈｅｎｇｔａｎｇ Ｐｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Pharmaceutical composition used for the prevention and treatment of senile dementia and method for producing the same |
| CN109925463A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 南宁多灵生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pharmaceutical composition of brain tonic and intelligence development |
-
2008
- 2008-03-28 CN CN200810102909A patent/CN101543576A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102380024A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-03-21 | 杨中林 | TCM composition for resisting AD and application thereof |
| JP2017515916A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-06-15 | スーチョワン ジシェンタン ファーマシューティカル カンパニー リミテッドＳｉｃｈｕａｎ Ｊｉｓｈｅｎｇｔａｎｇ Ｐｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Pharmaceutical composition used for the prevention and treatment of senile dementia and method for producing the same |
| EP3159004A4 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2018-02-21 | Sichuan Jishengtang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating senile dementia and preparation method therefor |
| US10646536B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2020-05-12 | Sichuan Jishengtang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating senile dementia and preparation method thereof |
| US11278584B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2022-03-22 | Sichuan Jishengtang Pharmaceutical Cc | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating senile dementia and preparation method thereof |
| CN104189358A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 李新民 | Formula for treating senile dementia |
| CN105012660A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-04 | 李洋 | Medicinal preparation for treating senile dementia |
| CN105267615A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-01-27 | 山东省药学科学院 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating Alzheimer disease and preparation method thereof |
| CN106072515A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 惠州同富康生物科技有限公司 | The health-care food composition of a kind of auxiliary improvement of memory containing Armeniaca mume Sieb. and preparation method |
| CN109925463A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 南宁多灵生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pharmaceutical composition of brain tonic and intelligence development |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102895432A (en) | Prescription and preparation method of rejoicing powder having new dosage form | |
| CN101543576A (en) | Medicine composition for preventing and curing senile dementia and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104288501A (en) | Blood glucose reducing particle and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104666892A (en) | Sealwort and ginseng formula for enhancing immunity and relieving fatigue and preparation method of formula | |
| CN101524471A (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for treating diabetes and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101264220A (en) | Medicaments assembly for tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen, activating blood circulation and removing stasis and preparation thereof | |
| CN102293927B (en) | Compound Chinese medicinal preparation with antifatigue and antioxidation effects, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103623341A (en) | Drug for treating hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by hypertension | |
| CN101856405B (en) | Medicinal composition for treating type II diabetes mellitus and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2002154979A (en) | Medicine composition for i type allergy and method for producing the same | |
| CN109498771A (en) | A kind of target composition and preparation method thereof improving mild cognition impairment | |
| CN103191298A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating blood group incompatibility haemolytic disease and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101390970B (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine for treating hepatitis B and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101496889A (en) | Chinese medicinal composition for tranquilizing mind, quieting spirit, soothing liver and relieving depression, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103656051A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes | |
| CN101264229A (en) | Medicaments assembly for nourishing blood and nourishing heart, promoting blood and qi circulation and preparation thereof | |
| CN101264164A (en) | Medicinal composition for treating tumor and preparation thereof | |
| CN102416138A (en) | Composition with effects of dispelling effects of alcohol, reducing blood fat and nourishing stomach, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102784300A (en) | Medicine composition for treating toothache and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102552828B (en) | Liver protecting medicine and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101543597A (en) | Medicine composition for nourishing spleen and kidney and building up healthful vital energy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102058771A (en) | Chinese medicine preparation for treating insomnia and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101670080A (en) | Chinese medicinal composition for chronic gastritis and preparation process thereof | |
| CN101628098A (en) | Medicinal composition used for treating fatty liver and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101524495A (en) | Chinese medicinal compound preparation for treating diarrhea and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20090930 |