CN101535459A - 用于高级钢和碳钢的含石墨的高温润滑剂 - Google Patents
用于高级钢和碳钢的含石墨的高温润滑剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于热成形高级钢和碳钢的高温润滑剂及其应用,所述润滑剂含有一定含量的石墨、有机起泡剂和无机分离剂。为了提供可用于各种钢品质、获得不同辊轧壁厚和拉伸作用的高温润滑剂,该润滑剂具有温度稳定性,壁厚度和/或钢品质改变后提供恒定辊轧结果,且不导致辊轧材料发生不良渗碳,本发明高温润滑剂至少含有以下组分,这些组分基于固体含量的重量百分数如下:(a)40-90%重量的石墨,(b)2-50%重量的有机发泡剂,和(c)5-50%重量的无机分离剂,其中所述有机发泡剂(b)选自下组:三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺、上述化合物的磷酸盐和聚磷酸盐(其中磷酸链长为n=1至1000)、上述化合物与氰尿酸或异氰脲酸的反应产物或加合物,以及它们的混合物,所述无机分离剂(c)是层状硅酸盐或层状硅酸盐的混合物。
Description
本发明涉及用于高级钢和碳钢的热成形的高温润滑剂,其含有一定含量的石墨、有机发泡剂和无机分离剂。本发明还涉及本发明高温润滑剂的应用。
发明技术领域
在无缝管的生产过程中,将固体钢块加热到给定的成形温度,刺穿形成厚壁中空的钢块。将该中空钢块套在工具芯棒上,在不对芯棒额外加热的情况下通过靠在外侧的辊轮辊出或拉伸。在这种情况下,被加工金属和操作工具表面的压力和摩擦力相当大,它们明显影响操作工具的耐久性。此外,摩擦条件最终决定生产的制品的表面质量。
在上述无缝管的生产过程中,可使各种不同品质的钢材成形,例如合金或高合金钢和碳钢。就不同品质的钢材以及所要辊出和拉伸的不同壁厚度而言,需要使用不同的分离剂和芯棒润滑剂。
考虑到各种钢材类型在加热成形过程中的材料性能非常不同,碳钢的成形主要需要润滑作用,这种作用最好由润滑剂提供,此外,涉及合金或高合金钢时,需要分离作用,这种作用也最好由润滑剂提供。此外,由于壁厚度和/或钢材品质的变化,因此对高温润滑剂在温度稳定性和恒定辊轧方面有很高的要求。。
防止辊轧材料粘附于工具表面,因为这会使成品内表面的品质严重下降。有关用润滑剂涂覆工具后进行成形操作的其它重要考虑是润滑剂粘附于工具,最好是由施加的润滑剂组成的层快速干燥且均一形成。
涉及含碳润滑剂如含石墨润滑剂时,与润滑剂在成形温度约1100-1300℃接触时,辊轧材料的晶界区域可能发生所谓的渗碳,在这种情况下碳扩散入金属表面,这种情况可包括金属的部分脆变且形成穿透深度至多约300μm的孔洞。进一步加工该工件后,金属脆变的结果是该脆变材料碎裂且该工件变得毫无用处。在后续伸长操作中,辊平以此方式形成的孔洞,形成纵向划痕或划线。这些划线代表最终辊轧材料的品质严重地、不可接受地降低,因此应该避免。
根据钢材品质和所涉及辊轧过程的不同,已经开发了不同的特别适合的润滑剂组合物。这种操作的结果是,生产改变后,例如由合金和高合金钢品质改变为碳钢时,必须更换润滑剂,另外辊轧机器操作人员必须改变工艺设置和辊轧参数。这导致成本过高的缺点,例如在生产过程中中断较长时间、由于涉及转换操作使工作量加大、必须储存与材料和辊轧工艺匹配的各种润滑剂、提供额外混合和储存容器以及提供施涂适合特定要求的其它润滑剂的其它单独设备。
高级钢成形的应用领域的润滑剂参见例如EP-A-0357508。然而,在该应用领域优化它们,因此在工具服务寿命和目前辊轧机的消耗水平方面它们不是碳钢成形的最佳选择。
碳钢成形领域的润滑剂参见例如EP-A-0 164 637、EP-A-0 554 822和EP 0 909 309。只有当粉末形式的脱氧剂额外辅助该润滑剂效应时,才可利用这些润滑剂在相当条件下使更高合金的材料成形。
EP 0 745 661公开了含石墨的润滑剂,它含有一定比例的一种或多种来自蒙皂石类的粘土矿物。此外,这些润滑剂含有一定含量的硅溶胶或铝硅酸钾。按照EP 0 745 661,这类润滑剂在相当高的工作温度下可非常显著的克服含石墨润滑剂的渗碳缺点。公认的是,在金属工作操作中含有石墨和层状硅酸盐的这类润滑剂的渗碳程度可能较低,但应注意,鉴于金属表面之间的摩擦条件,这类润滑剂常常需要改进,以延长操作工具,如芯棒的耐久性。
发明目的
因此,本发明的目的是提供可用于各种钢品质、获得不同辊轧壁厚和拉伸作用的高温润滑剂,该润滑剂具有温度稳定性,壁厚度和/或钢品质改变后提供恒定辊轧结果,且不导致辊轧材料发生不良渗碳。迄今为止,尚未记载过这类高温润滑剂。
目的的达成
通过用于高级钢和碳钢的热成形的高温润滑剂来达到上述目的,该润滑剂至少含有以下组分,这些组分基于固体重量的重量百分数如下:
(a)40-90%重量的石墨,
(b)2-50%重量的有机发泡剂,和
(c)5-50%重量的无机分离剂,
其中所述有机发泡剂(b)选自下组:三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺(melon)、上述化合物的磷酸盐或磷酸链长为n=1至1000的聚磷酸盐、上述化合物与氰尿酸或异氰脲酸的反应产物或加合物,以及它们的混合物,
所述无机分离剂(c)是层状硅酸盐或层状硅酸盐的混合物。
令人惊讶地是,本发明的高温润滑剂组合物具有出色的润滑和分离特性,作为润滑剂,它可广泛用于热成形中的各种钢品质,特别是生产无缝管的辊轧工艺。本发明润滑剂在高温下稳定,处理各种不同钢品质和改变壁厚度时提供恒定的辊轧产品,尽管碳或石墨含量高,但在相当高的程度上不导致损伤辊轧材料的渗碳现象。
在金属的热成形中,本发明高温润滑剂比目前已知的润滑剂有明显优点,对不同钢品质而言轧钢厂只需要使用一种润滑剂组合物。因此,在加工工艺中钢种类改变或者生产长期中断后,避免增加工作量来改变润滑剂和储存不同的润滑剂。而且,根据本发明润滑剂可以通用的事实,轧钢厂不需要提供单独的设备来生产、储存和应用这类润滑剂。这意味着可节约相当大的成本。
本发明高温润滑剂中含有具有出色润滑特性的石墨,其基于固体含量的重量百分含量为40-90%重量。石墨含量小于40%重量时,本发明高温润滑剂的润滑特性不足,外部工具的驱动力提高而待成形材料的“流动”太慢。石墨含量大于90%重量时,则无法保证辊轧材料和芯棒之间足够的分离效果。具体说,高级钢具有粘附于工具的倾向。
在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述高温润滑剂含有50-80重量%的石墨,该重量百分含量是基于固体含量的。
在本发明的另一优选实施方式中,用于高温润滑剂的石墨是结晶或粗晶石墨,优选结晶或粗晶天然石墨。已证明不适合使用无定形石墨,因为使用无定形石墨时高温润滑剂的润滑特性变差,这对工具的使用寿命直接产生不良影响。发现球状石墨完全不适合使用。
在本发明高温润滑剂的另一优选实施方式中,就石墨的碳含量而言,石墨的纯度>90%,优选>95%。已证明纯度小于90%的石墨不适合用作附加物质,因为杂质会促进渗碳的形成,同时组合物的石墨含量较低会降低润滑作用。适用于本发明的结晶天然石墨的纯度通常约为96%。
在本发明高温润滑剂的另一实施方式中,石墨的平均粒度(d50)为5至40μm,优选10至25μm。不适合使用平均粒度小于5μm的石墨,因为不再有足够的薄片结构且导致润滑效果变差。不适合使用平均粒度大于40μm的石墨,因为这种石墨的薄片大小操作困难,因为其具有严重的沉积倾向。
上述纯度状态的天然石墨还含有其它组分杂质或混合物质,如碳化硅(SiC)或二氧化硅(SiO2)形式的硅等。因为碳化硅和二氧化硅具有强烈摩擦作用,本发明所用石墨中过高的硅含量导致该工具和/或工件的摩擦水平过高。因此,在本发明高温润滑剂的另一优选实施方式中,所用石墨中杂质或混合物形式的硅的含量不超过2.0%重量,优选不超过1.5%重量,特别优选不超过0.2%重量。
本发明高温润滑剂中有机发泡剂的含量为2至50%重量。按照上述定义,有机发泡剂选自氮化合物。在本发明的一个优选实施方式中,所述有机发泡剂含有超过70%重量,优选超过80%重量,特别优选超过90%重量的三聚氰胺异氰脲酸酯。在一个特别优选的特征中,发泡剂由100%重量的三聚氰胺异氰脲酸酯组成。本发明高温润滑剂中所用的有机发泡剂在高温,优选>350℃时释放气体,因此在普通成形温度下工件成形的过程中在工具和工件之间形成气垫。通过有机发泡剂的分解、升华或两者形成气体。有机发泡剂含量小于2%重量导致气体形成或气体释放不足,以至于无法在工具和工件之间形成足够的气垫。有机发泡剂含量大于50%是不适宜的,因为这可能导致气体形成水平过高而无法控制,且随后在辊轧过程中由于气体膨胀导致扰动。三聚氰胺异氰脲酸酯特别适合用于此目的。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,高温润滑剂中有机发泡剂的含量为3-10%重量,优选4-6%重量。已证明有机发泡剂含量约5%时特别合适。
本发明高温润滑剂还含有层状硅酸盐或层状硅酸盐的混合物作为无机分离剂,其含量为5-50%重量。无机分离剂含量小于5%重量是不合适的,因为无法实现足够的分离效果。无机分离剂含量大于50重量%导致润滑作用变差。
在本发明特别优选的实施方式中,高温润滑剂中无机分离剂的含量为10-40%重量,优选15-30%重量。
在本发明高温润滑剂的另一优选实施方式中,无机分离剂选自高岭石、叶蛇纹石、水合多水高岭土(hydrohalloysite)、蛇纹石、铁蛇纹石、叶蜡石、滑石、珍珠云母、蛭石、铝绿泥石或绿泥石。特别优选的是单独或混合的高岭石和叶蛇纹石。在本发明高温润滑剂的另一特别优选的实施方式中,无机分离剂选自具有双-单片层的无碱水性层状硅酸盐,例如高岭石、叶蛇纹石和多水高岭土。在层状硅酸盐中,特别优选粘土矿物高岭石,一种通式为Al2[Si2O5(OH)4]的水合硅酸铝。
高岭土可通过淘析泥质岩高岭土获得或由聚多硅酸和氢氧化铝合成获得。因为高岭土主要由矿物高岭石(约占88%)组成,所以在本发明的具体实施方式中高岭土也可用于替换纯高岭石。使用泥质岩高岭土的优点是与使用纯高岭石或人工合成的高岭石相比原料成本较低。因此,本发明优选使用高岭土。然而相比较而言,在需要更准确的再现品质一致的产品时,也可能需要较高纯度的矿物高岭石或纯度最高的人工合成的高岭石。
在本发明高温润滑剂的另一优选实施方式中,无机分离剂的平均粒度(d50)为0.5至15μm,优选1至10μm,特别优选1-7μm。粒度小于0.5μm的缺点是原料形成团块,无法充分地均匀地分散在粉末混合物中。粒度大于15μm的缺点是导致分离剂的分离作用被摩擦作用部分抵消,这产生有害作用,此外包含的粒度明显不同时不可能产生均一混合物。
在本发明特别优选的实施方式中,高温润滑剂含有1-20%重量的有机粘合剂,其选自亚烷基均聚物和共聚物。该粘合剂可悬浮于水,在基材(工具和/或工件)上形成膜,其有助于保持该润滑剂组成的其它组分。有机粘合剂含量小于1%重量是不足的,因为这意味着所用润滑剂的层厚度减少至不足的数值。有机粘合剂含量大于20%的缺点是由于石墨比例下降导致润滑作用变差,因此工具使用寿命缩短。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,高温润滑剂中有机粘合剂的含量为2-10%重量,优选2-5%重量。
在本发明高温润滑剂的另一优选实施方式中,有机粘合剂选自下组:芳基烯烃类、α,β-不饱和酸和酯、β,γ-不饱和酸和酯、烯烃类、乙烯酯类、乙烯醇类、不饱和二元酸和酯、烷基酯以及无环酸和酯的均聚物和共聚物。特别优选的有机粘合剂选自:聚乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙酸乙烯酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯的共聚物、甲基丙烯酸亚甲基酯(methylene methacrylate)和α-甲基苯乙烯的共聚物、聚邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、聚丙烯、苯乙烯和丁二烯的共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙酸乙烯酯和马来酸二丁酯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯的共聚物以及聚异丁烯。
在本发明的另一特别优选的实施方式中,所述高温润滑剂还含有2-15%重量的无机或有机稳定剂,所述稳定剂选自多糖、烷基纤维素、羟基纤维素或粘土矿物。本发明所用的高温润滑剂常常或通常以悬浮或分散于液体,特别是水的形式使用。无机稳定剂能提高该悬浮液或分散体的粘度,从而用作增稠剂,并防止或减少沉积作用和高温润滑剂其它组分的分离。稳定剂含量小于2%重量时不合适,因为此时的粘度提高不足以充分防止高温润滑剂组分的沉积,以至于无法保证该润滑剂的均一性。稳定剂含量不超过15%重量导致悬浮液或分散体的粘度提高,因此其只可以通过喷雾工艺少量施涂于工具。而且,粘度过高可能对润滑剂形成具有足够内聚力和均一厚度的膜造成不良影响。
在本发明的优选实施方式中,高温润滑剂中稳定剂的含量为3-10%重量,优选4-6重量%。特别优选的是,该稳定剂是无机材料,选自基于硅酸盐的粘土矿物或其混合物,优选自膨润土或有机改性的膨润土。特别优选的是,该稳定剂选自蒙皂石类型,优选蒙脱石类型的粘土矿物。
蒙皂石主要包含层状硅酸盐,其结构特征是高阳离子交换能力和高度水溶胀性。在蒙皂石类型中,特别优选使用蒙脱石,其溶胀度(1g蒙脱石在蒸馏水中)为3-50。根据上述阳离子交换能力,可利用无机或有机阳离子对蒙皂石或蒙脱石进行“改性”。本发明高温润滑剂中适宜使用的粘土矿物的特征是出色的结合特性,其优点还在于,与有机稳定剂不同,它们不发生热解。另外,令人惊讶的是,使用所述粘土矿物导致润滑剂膜在工件和/或工具上的干燥时间非常短,只有数秒。使用这种稳定剂使得可能用本发明润滑剂在非常短时间内,甚至在工具和工件接触之前就在工具和/或工件上产生均一和干燥的润滑剂膜。
想要的是,作为商业产品本发明高温润滑剂制备成干燥固体粉末材料的形式。可以这种固体材料的形式直接使用,但最好以悬浮或分散于液体
(优选水)的形式使用,其固体含量为5-50%重量,优选15-40%重量,特别优选25-30%重量。以此方式,将高温润滑剂均一地喷涂到工具和/或工件上。随着工具和/或工件的温度升高,液体蒸发并留下均一和牢固的润滑剂涂层。应理解,本发明高温润滑剂也可以这种悬浮液或分散体的形式上市销售。
在本发明的另一优选实施方式中,该高温润滑剂的固体组分的平均粒度<200μm,优选<150μm,特别优选<100μm。如果该高温润滑剂的固体组分的平均粒度较大,则会产生以悬浮形式施涂时沉积倾向增加的缺点。
通过以下实施例描述本发明的其它优点、特征和实施方式。
实施例
实施例1
在纵向辊轧工艺中检测四种不同的润滑剂配方。将这些配方各自配制成30%水悬液的形式使用。在各种情况下,所有重量百分数涉及的是固体含量。在纵向辊轧工艺中,在芯棒温度为80-100℃下生产薄壁管(壁厚度=4.1mm)。每平方米施涂约90g润滑剂悬浮液。按照EN-ISO 2431(6mm)悬浮液流动时间约为50秒。每种情况的辊轧批次约包括50-2000个管。所用材料是品质P110的碳钢和品质P91的合金钢。
粉末形式的干燥润滑剂的配方(通过混合各组分产生)和辊轧结果见下表1。作为薄壁部件,由于拉伸程度较高,需要的润滑作用高于厚壁部件,也可将润滑作用的结果转移到厚壁范围上。
表1
1)辊轧结果:
′+++′可轧制性非常好,耗电量低,制成管的尺寸准确度良好。
′+/-′轧制困难,耗电量高,管内有部分缺陷,工具表面上有残留物。
′---′可轧制性差,使用润滑剂的作用令人不满意。
配方中所用组分(a)-(f)以及(x)和(y)的更详细特征如下。
(a)石墨 粗晶天然石墨,
纯度:94-96%
碳含量:94-97%
平均粒度d50(Cilas):约15μm
硅含量:约0.2%重量的SiO2
含水量:<0.2%
德国的FB化学品公司(Chemische Fabrik
Budenheim KG,Germany);
氮含量:48%,
游离的三聚氰胺:<0.5%,
游离的异氰脲酸:<0.2%
(c)无机分离剂 高岭土,
平均粒度d50(Cilas):2-10μm,
硅含量:>50%重量的SiO2
铝含量:约30%重量的Al2O3,
(d)有机粘合剂 粉末形式的苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物
堆积密度:400-600g/l
粒积(依据DIN 66165以315μm筛分):<3μm
玻璃化转变温度(按照DIN 53765-A-10的Tg):
15℃
(e)无机稳定剂 粉末形式的有机改性的蒙皂石
粘度(3%,Haake):40000--50000mPas
粒积(以90μm筛分):最大25%
(f)杀菌剂 异噻唑啉酮制剂,
Acticide ,德国TC公司(Thor-Chemie
GmbH,Germany)
(x)发泡剂 沥青,
Zeco11A,美国齐格勒化学品和矿物公司
(Ziegler Chemicals & Minerals Corp,USA)
(y)发泡剂 木质素磺酸盐(或酯),
Borresphere NA220,德国BL科技公司
(Borregaad Ligno-Tech,Germany)
实施例2-无缝高级钢管的生产
在无缝管生产线上,在斜轧机上穿透最初原料后,通过连续操作活动工具(芯棒)上单独驱动的轧钢机架拉长以此方式产生的空心块,先在约110-130℃的温度下通过无空气喷涂装置(4 x 0.7/0.9mm喷嘴/40-80巴)涂布芯棒,然后是延长该空心块的操作,其中润滑剂悬浮液是按照实施例1的配方1产生的。所用材料是分别含有9和13%Cr的铁素体钢,空心块的重量为250至270kg,长度为6-8米。成形温度为1150-1200℃。制成管的壁厚度为2.7-7.3mm,然而主要是4.1mm,制成管的外径最大值为152mm。
实施例3-无缝碳钢管的生产
在与实施例2相同的生产线上生产无缝碳钢管,在辊轧过程中不断调节装置设置。用实施例1的配方1的润滑剂和实施例2所述的方式涂布芯棒。所用材料分别是品质P110和P91的钢材,空心块的重量为250至300kg,长度为6.5-8米。成形温度为1250-1280℃。生产的无缝管的壁厚度范围是2.7-4.1mm,制成管的外径最大值为152mm。
Claims (25)
1.一种用于热成形高级钢和碳钢的高温润滑剂,其至少含有以下组分,这些组分基于固体含量的重量百分数如下:
(a)40-90%重量的石墨,
(b)2-50%重量的有机发泡剂,和
(c)5-50%重量的无机分离剂,
其中所述有机发泡剂(b)选自下组:三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、氰尿酰胺、上述化合物的磷酸盐或磷酸链长为n=1至1000的聚磷酸盐、上述化合物与氰尿酸或异氰脲酸的反应产物或加合物,以及它们的混合物,
所述无机分离剂(c)是层状硅酸盐或层状硅酸盐的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,还含有:
(d)1-20%重量的有机粘合剂,
其中所述有机粘合剂(d)选自亚烷基均聚物和共聚物。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,还含有:
(e)2-15%重量的无机或有机稳定剂,
其中所述稳定剂选自多糖、烷基纤维素、羟基纤维素或粘土矿物。
4.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂中石墨(a)的含量为50-80%重量。
5.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述石墨(a)是结晶或粗晶石墨,优选结晶或粗晶天然石墨。
6.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,根据石墨的碳含量,所述石墨(a)的纯度>90%,优选>95%。
7.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述石墨(a)的平均粒度(d50)为5至40μm,优选10至25μm。
8.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述石墨(a)中杂质或混合物形式的硅的含量不超过2.0%重量,优选不超过1.5%重量,特别优选不超过0.2%重量。
9.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂中有机发泡剂(b)的含量为3-10%重量,优选4-6%重量。
10.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述有机发泡剂(b)含有大于70%重量,优选大于80%重量,特别优选大于90%重量的三聚氰胺异氰脲酸酯,特别优选含有100%重量的三聚氰胺异氰脲酸酯。
11.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂中无机分离剂(c)的含量为10-40%重量,优选15-30%重量。
12.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述无机分离剂(c)选自无碱水性层状硅酸盐。
13.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述无机分离剂(c)选自高岭石、叶蛇纹石、水合多水高岭土、蛇纹石、铁蛇纹石、叶蜡石、滑石、珍珠云母、蛭石、铝绿泥石或绿泥石,优选高岭石和/或叶蛇纹石。
14.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述无机分离剂(c)选自具有双-单片层的无碱水性层状硅酸盐。
15.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述无机分离剂(c)的平均粒度(d50)为0.5至15μm,优选1至10μm,特别优选1-7μm。
16.如权利要求2-13中任一项所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂中粘合剂(d)的含量为2-10%重量,优选2-5%重量。
17.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述有机粘合剂(d)选自下组:芳基烯烃类、α,β-不饱和酸和酯、β,γ-不饱和酸和酯、烯烃类、乙烯酯类、乙烯醇类、不饱和二元酸和酯、烷基酯以及无环酸和酯的均聚物和共聚物。
18.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述有机粘合剂(d)选自下组:聚乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚丙酸乙烯酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯的共聚物、甲基丙烯酸亚甲基酯和α-甲基苯乙烯的共聚物、聚邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、聚丙烯、苯乙烯和丁二烯的共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙酸乙烯酯和马来酸二丁酯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯的共聚物以及聚异丁烯。
19.如权利要求3-17中任一项所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂中稳定剂(e)的含量为3-10%重量,优选4-6%重量。
20.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述稳定剂(e)选自基于硅酸盐的粘土矿物或其混合物,优选选自膨润土或有机改性的膨润土。
21.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述稳定剂(e)选自蒙皂石类型,优选蒙脱石类型的粘土矿物。
22.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂是干燥固体粉末材料的形式。
23.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂是悬浮或分散于液体的形式,所述液体优选是水,该悬浮液或分散体的固体含量为5-50%重量,优选15-40%重量,特别优选25-30%重量。
24.如前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂,其特征在于,所述高温润滑剂的固体组分的平均粒度<200μm,优选<150μm,特别优选<100μm。
25.前述任一项权利要求所述的高温润滑剂在高级钢和/或碳钢的热成形中,优选在无缝管生产中的应用。
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CN105038930A (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-11 | 广西大学 | 高温精密模锻低合金钢润滑剂组合物 |
TWI510636B (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-01 | China Steel Corp | An open sand for steelmaking electric arc furnace |
CN108531256A (zh) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-14 | 贺州学院 | 一种用于热固性树脂的脱模剂及其制备方法 |
CN112996890A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-06-18 | 伊奎斯塔化学有限公司 | 用于润滑脂和润滑剂应用的聚烯烃组合物 |
CN113474442A (zh) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-10-01 | 化学制造布敦海姆两合公司 | 用于金属热成形的润滑剂 |
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TWI510636B (zh) * | 2012-09-24 | 2015-12-01 | China Steel Corp | An open sand for steelmaking electric arc furnace |
CN105038930A (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-11-11 | 广西大学 | 高温精密模锻低合金钢润滑剂组合物 |
CN105038930B (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2018-04-24 | 广西大学 | 高温精密模锻低合金钢润滑剂组合物 |
CN108531256A (zh) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-14 | 贺州学院 | 一种用于热固性树脂的脱模剂及其制备方法 |
CN112996890A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-06-18 | 伊奎斯塔化学有限公司 | 用于润滑脂和润滑剂应用的聚烯烃组合物 |
CN113474442A (zh) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-10-01 | 化学制造布敦海姆两合公司 | 用于金属热成形的润滑剂 |
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CN113474442B (zh) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-11-29 | 化学制造布敦海姆两合公司 | 用于金属热成形的润滑剂 |
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BRPI0719515B1 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
BRPI0719515A2 (pt) | 2014-05-27 |
CA2664722C (en) | 2014-04-01 |
SA07280557B1 (ar) | 2009-08-26 |
CA2664722A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
RU2454452C2 (ru) | 2012-06-27 |
AR063185A1 (es) | 2008-12-30 |
CN101535459B (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
US8440597B2 (en) | 2013-05-14 |
EP2089498B1 (de) | 2011-03-30 |
MX2009003543A (es) | 2009-07-14 |
JP2010505975A (ja) | 2010-02-25 |
EP2089498A2 (de) | 2009-08-19 |
JP5363325B2 (ja) | 2013-12-11 |
RU2009117386A (ru) | 2010-11-20 |
DE502007006855D1 (de) | 2011-05-12 |
US20090305918A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
UA96774C2 (ru) | 2011-12-12 |
WO2008043656A3 (de) | 2008-07-10 |
DE102006047621A1 (de) | 2008-04-10 |
ZA200902230B (en) | 2010-07-28 |
ATE503820T1 (de) | 2011-04-15 |
WO2008043656A2 (de) | 2008-04-17 |
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