CN101530041B - Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method - Google Patents
Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101530041B CN101530041B CN2009100646677A CN200910064667A CN101530041B CN 101530041 B CN101530041 B CN 101530041B CN 2009100646677 A CN2009100646677 A CN 2009100646677A CN 200910064667 A CN200910064667 A CN 200910064667A CN 101530041 B CN101530041 B CN 101530041B
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Abstract
The invention provides a drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method which comprises the steps as follows: a first step, annual winter hardwood tress of drupaceous rootstock introduced from America is stored in cool places in rooms from December 1 to March 1, the room temperature is 5 DEG C to 15 DEG C, and the relative air humidity is 90% to 100%; a second step, the tress is cut into cutting slips by a pruning shears, and the cut slips are soaked in naphthylacetate salt aqueous solution; a third step, the cutting slips which are soaked in the naphthylacetate salt aqueous solution are cut in a rough river sand cutting bed, and the cutting slips are heated and humidified after being cut; and a fourth step, when roots of the cutting slips grow to 1.5-5cm, the rooted cutting slips are excavated from the rough river sand and are moved into a nutrition pot filled with mixed substrate of turfy soil and field soil to be well watered and shaded by a shading net for 5 to 15 days. The implementation of the invention can keep the genotype and all good characteristics of original variety by 100 percent and ensure the consistency of the growth of grafted variety and the cutting survival rate more than 98 percent.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the cuttage propagation method of a kind of vegetative propagation technique of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock, particularly a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock, it is applicable to breeds fast to drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock.
Background technology:
Drupe class economic forest mainly is under the jurisdiction of the rose family and Rhamnaceae etc., and the asexual reproduction methods that adopt are bred nursery stock more in the production.The main propagation method of drupe class economic forest comprises propagation by grafiting, cottage propagation, root turion breeding and tissue culture etc.Wherein propagation by grafiting technology breeding rapidly, high, the technology of survival rate is easy to grasp and popularization, result early, and the application aspect drupe class economic forest breeding seedling-wood breeding is the most general.And when the breeding grafting, different stocks are bigger to cultivar growth and result's influence, select suitable stock variety, can improve output, quality even the resistance of cultivar effectively.
The stock that China generally uses in drupe class economic forest nursery stock production at present is the mountain peach (Prunus davidiana) that originates in China, wild peach (P.persica), ansu apricot (Ameniaca sibirica), downy cherry fruit (P.serrulata), Nanking cherry (P.tomentosa) etc., these stock varieties in the production application process in various degree to show resistance poor, the suitable scope relative narrower of giving birth to, poor with cultivar affinity, defectives such as " big foot " phenomenon or " bound feet " phenomenon, life-span weak point appear.Particularly these stock varieties to the resistance of gummosis and root knot a little less than, in China, the drupe class economic forest particularly major production areas gummosis and the root knot of peach, Lee, apricot is taken place general, take place very seriously on some kinds, fruit output is low, poor quality, the tree body is progressively weak, even dead.This is seriously restricting drupe class economic forest industry health, continual and steady development.
All pay much attention to the seed selection of good drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock kind countries in the world, state such as U.S. especially, and the system research work that good drupe class stock variety is cultivated has been carried out 50～80 years, and they have cultivated a large amount of good stock varieties.Some stock varieties such as VIKEN, NAPLEB, CRUT, MAPARD etc. have significant anti-gummosis and root knot characteristic, and the growth result of cultivar is had good facilitation.
But, because the restriction of propagating materials, these good drupe class stock varieties can't carry out the large tracts of land breeding in China at present, have had a strong impact on the breeding of the good stock variety of drupe class, have also seriously hindered the sound development of drupe class economic forest such as Lee, apricot, apricot Lee, peach, cherry.Therefore, study the cottage propagation technology of good drupe class stock, breed good drupe class stock fast, very important to the quality and the output that improve China's drupe class economic forest kind.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is vegetative propagation, work out a kind of cuttage propagation method of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock at drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock.This method be adopt the drupe class stock variety ' VIKEN ' introduced from the U.S., ' NAPLEB ', ' CRUT ', ' MAPARD ' winter hard branch as propagating materials, be cut into the cutting of certain-length, with carrying out cottage propagation after the plant growth regulator processing, cuttage survival rate and rootstock seedling reproduction speed have effectively been improved.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method is: the first step, adopt the hard branch branch in winter of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock ' VIKEN ', ' NAPLEB ', ' CRUT ', ' MAPARD ' annotinous branch in 1～March 1 December, putting indoor shady and cool place preserves, 5 ℃～15 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 90%～100%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, with the plugged ear that shears with methyl sylvite aqueous solution soaking; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite heat after the cuttage, preserve moisture in river sand slotting machine slightly; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 1.5～5cm, the plugged ear that will take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and waters permeablely, and shade with the sunshade net got final product in 5～15 days.
The present invention is achieved in that described plugged ear base portion rugosity 0.3～2.0cm of second step, length 5～20cm, and wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouthful, and following clip is cut into 20 °～70 ° angle.
The present invention can be achieved in that the concentration of described methyl sylvite of second step is 50～1000mg/kg, plugged ear soak time 5～3000 seconds, want speed to be stained with when the concentration of methyl sylvite is high, concentration is the longest when low to be dipped to 3000 seconds, and soaking depth is 1/6～1/2 of a cutting length.
The present invention can also be achieved in that described thick river sand particle size of the 3rd step is 0.2～2.0mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 15～30cm, thick river sand moisture content 5%～20%.
The present invention can also be achieved in that the 3rd the step described employing bury slotting method, cuttage trench depth 5～10cm, plugged ear is horizontal by 30 °～60 ° oblique cuttings, it is 1/4～1/2 of cutting length that plugged ear is gone into husky length.
The present invention heats, preserves moisture with greenhouse by solar heat or plastic film after can also being achieved in that the 3rd described plugged ear cuttage of step, and slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 85%～95%, 10 ℃～25 ℃ of temperature.
The present invention can also be achieved in that the volumetric ratio of described turfy soil of the 4th step and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix is 1: 1～1: 2.
The present invention can also be achieved in that described sunshade net light transmittance 30%～70% of the 4th step.
Good effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention is by implementing, and can 100% keeps former kind genotype and all good characteristics thereof, guarantees the uniformity of grafting kind growth.
2, cuttage survival rate of the present invention reaches more than 98%, can breed drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock fast, realizes the cultivation of scale rootstock seedling, changes the present situation that China's good drupe class stock variety lacks, and improves the yield and quality of drupe class economic forest (fruit, dry fruit).
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method is: adopt the hard branch of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock ' VIKEN ' annotinous branch on the first step, December 10, put indoor shady and cool place and preserve 5 ℃～10 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 95%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, plugged ear base portion rugosity 0.5～1.0cm, length 5～10cm, wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouth, and following clip is cut into 20 °～40 ° angle; The plugged ear that shears is used 50mg/kg methyl sylvite aqueous solution soaking 3000 seconds, and soaking depth is 1/3 of a cutting length; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite, slightly the river sand particle size was 0.2～0.5mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 15cm, slightly river sand moisture content 20% in river sand slotting machine slightly; Slotting method is buried in employing, cuttage trench depth 5cm, and plugged ear is horizontal by 30 ° of oblique cuttings, and it is 1/4 of cutting length that plugged ear is gone into husky length, heats, preserves moisture with greenhouse by solar heat after the cuttage, and slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 85%, 10 ℃～20 ℃ of temperature; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 2.0cm, the plugged ear that to take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and the volumetric ratio of turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix is 1: 1, water permeablely after the transplanting, shaded 7 days with the sunshade net of light transmittance 30%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method is: the first step, adopted the hard branch of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock ' NAPLEB ' annotinous branch February 1, put indoor shady and cool place and preserve 10 ℃～15 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 90%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, plugged ear base portion rugosity 1.0～2.0cm, length 10～15cm, wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouth, and following clip is cut into 50 °～70 ° angle; The plugged ear that shears was stained with 10 seconds with 1000mg/kg methyl sylvite aqueous solution speed, and soaking depth is 1/4 of a cutting length; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite, slightly the river sand particle size was 1.0～2.0mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 30cm, slightly river sand moisture content 10% in river sand slotting machine slightly; Slotting method is buried in employing, cuttage trench depth 8～10cm, and plugged ear is horizontal by 60 ° of oblique cuttings, and plugged ear heats, preserves moisture with plastic film after going into 1/2 cuttage that husky length is cutting length, and slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 95%, 15 ℃～20 ℃ of temperature; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 3.0cm, the plugged ear that to take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and the volumetric ratio of turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix is 1: 2, water permeablely after the transplanting, shaded 15 days with the sunshade net of light transmittance 70%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method is: the first step, adopted the hard branch of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock ' CRUT ' annotinous branch November 15, put indoor shady and cool place and preserve 10 ℃～15 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 90%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, plugged ear base portion rugosity 1.0～2.0cm, length 10～15cm, wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouth, and following clip is cut into 40 °～70 ° angle; The plugged ear that shears was stained with 20 seconds with 500mg/kg methyl sylvite aqueous solution speed, and soaking depth is 1/3 of a cutting length; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite, slightly the river sand particle size was 1.0～2.0mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 30cm, slightly river sand moisture content 10% in river sand slotting machine slightly; Slotting method is buried in employing, cuttage trench depth 8～10cm, and plugged ear is horizontal by 60 ° of oblique cuttings, and plugged ear heats, preserves moisture with plastic film after going into 1/2 cuttage that husky length is cutting length, and slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 95%, 15 ℃～20 ℃ of temperature; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 3.0cm, the plugged ear that to take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and the volumetric ratio of turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix is 1: 2, water permeablely after the transplanting, shaded 15 days with the sunshade net of light transmittance 70%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method is: the first step, adopted the hard branch of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock ' MAPARD ' annotinous branch December 20, put indoor shady and cool place and preserve 10 ℃～15 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 90%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, plugged ear base portion rugosity 1.0～2.0cm, length 10～15cm, wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouth, and following clip is cut into 50 °～70 ° angle; The plugged ear that shears is used 100mg/kg methyl sylvite aqueous solution soaking 2000 seconds, and soaking depth is 1/3 of a cutting length; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite, slightly the river sand particle size was 1.0～2.0mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 30cm, slightly river sand moisture content 10% in river sand slotting machine slightly; Slotting method is buried in employing, cuttage trench depth 8～10cm, and plugged ear is horizontal by 60 ° of oblique cuttings, and plugged ear heats, preserves moisture with plastic film after going into 1/2 cuttage that husky length is cutting length, and slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 95%, 15 ℃～20 ℃ of temperature; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 3.0cm, the plugged ear that to take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and the volumetric ratio of turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix is 1: 2, water permeablely after the transplanting, shaded 15 days with the sunshade net of light transmittance 70%.
Claims (8)
1. drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method, adopt drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock kind MAPARD, it is characterized in that: the first step, adopt the hard branch branch in winter of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock annotinous branch in 1～March 1 December, putting indoor shady and cool place preserves, 5 ℃～15 ℃ of indoor temperatures, relative air humidity 90%～100%; Second step, branch is cut into plugged ear with shrub and hedge trimmer, with the plugged ear that shears with methyl sylvite aqueous solution soaking; The 3rd step, the plugged ear cuttage that will soak through methyl sylvite heat after the cuttage, preserve moisture in river sand slotting machine slightly; The 4th step, treat that plugged ear takes root when growing to 1.5～5cm, the plugged ear that will take root is dug out from thick river sand, moves in the nutritive cube that turfy soil and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix are housed, and waters permeablely, and shade with the sunshade net got final product in 5～15 days.
2. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: second step describedly was cut into plugged ear base portion rugosity 0.3～2.0cm with shrub and hedge trimmer with branch, length 5～20cm, wherein, last clip is cut into flat mouthful, and following clip is cut into 20 °～70 ° angle.
3. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: second step concentration of described methyl sylvite is 50～1000mg/kg, plugged ear soak time 5～3000 seconds, soaking depth are 1/6～1/2 of cutting length.
4. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the 3rd step, described thick river sand particle size was 0.2～2.0mm, the thick river sand thickness of slotting machine 15～30cm, thick river sand moisture content 5%～20%.
5. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: slotting method is buried in the 3rd described employing of step, cuttage trench depth 5～10cm, plugged ear is horizontal by 30 °～60 ° oblique cuttings, and it is 1/4～1/2 of cutting length that plugged ear is gone into husky length.
6. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: heat, preserve moisture with greenhouse by solar heat or plastic film after the 3rd described plugged ear cuttage of step, slotting machine surrounding air relative moisture keeps 85%～95%, 10 ℃～25 ℃ of temperature.
7. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described turfy soil of the 4th step and land for growing field crops soil mixed-matrix volumetric ratio are 1: 1～1: 2.
8. a kind of drupe-type non-timber product forest rootstock cuttage propagation method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described sunshade net light transmittance 30%～70% of the 4th step.
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| CN2009100646677A CN101530041B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method |
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| CN2009100646677A CN101530041B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101790951B (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2012-07-04 | 濮阳市林业科学院 | Jujube tree hardwood cutting seedling raising method |
| CN102007863B (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-23 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Cherry root stock cutting and grafting method |
| CN104285691B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2017-10-31 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method for improving maple graft survival rate |
| CN104718947B (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-03-01 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of cutting processing method and processing device promoting xylophyta cutting propagation survival rate |
| CN107493872A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-22 | 北京农学院 | A kind of thunberg lespedeza cuttage propagation method |
| CN107912160A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-17 | 广东美景园林建设有限公司 | A kind of method of the cottage breeding of mangrove acanthus |
| CN111296162A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | Culture method of machilus thunbergii cutting seedlings |
| CN113785706B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-03-31 | 黑龙江省林业科学研究所 | Cutting seedling method of Siberian apricot trees |
| CN115474503B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-09-05 | 湖北良品农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting for long cutting surface |
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