CN101524479B - Medicine for curing avian infectious bronchitis - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种禽用的药物,特别是一种用于治疗禽传染性支气管炎的药物。本发明的药物组成为:射干100-150重量份,麻黄80-100重量份,地龙80-100重量份,山豆根80-100重量份,紫菀80-100重量份,白芨80-100重量份,桔梗30-50重量份,五味子80-100重量份,丹皮80-100重量份,乌梅80-100重量份。The invention relates to a medicine for poultry, in particular to a medicine for treating poultry infectious bronchitis. The medicine of the present invention is composed of: 100-150 parts by weight of Shegan, 80-100 parts by weight of Ephedra, 80-100 parts by weight of Dilong, 80-100 parts by weight of Shandougen, 80-100 parts by weight of Aster, and 80-100 parts by weight of Bletilla striata 30-50 parts by weight of bellflower, 80-100 parts by weight of schisandra, 80-100 parts by weight of paeonol, and 80-100 parts by weight of black plum.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种禽用的药物,特别是一种用于治疗禽传染性支气管炎的药物。本发明的禽用药物是用植物药和昆虫组合构成。The invention relates to a medicine for poultry, in particular to a medicine for treating poultry infectious bronchitis. The medicine for poultry of the present invention is composed of herbal medicine and insects.
背景技术Background technique
鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)是由传染性支气管炎病毒IBV引起的鸡的一种急性、高度接触性传染的病毒性疾病。主要侵害鸡呼吸系统、泌尿生殖系统和消化系统等。IBV对各日龄的鸡均能造成不同程度的危害,雏鸡感染后常由于呼吸道或肾脏病变而引起死亡,一般死亡率为20-30%。自1931年首次报道了以呼吸道病变为主的呼吸型传染性支气管炎(IB)以来的70多年里,临床上表现为不同组织嗜性的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)毒株,就不断地被分离和鉴定出来,国内外已报道的IBV有26种以上血清型,且致病性也随之发生了很大变化,临床症状和病理变化也随着致病性的变化而变化。先后出现了嗜呼吸道型、嗜肾型、嗜肠型和嗜腺胃型等IBV。产蛋鸡感染后表现为严重呼吸道症状和水样腹泻,死亡增加,产蛋量和鸡蛋品质下降;雏鸡罹患肾型传染性支气管炎病,输卵管发育停滞甚至输卵管管壁薄膜化,内含大量水液,导致近40%母鸡绝产;腺胃型IB雏鸡死亡率可高达95%。世界和我国IB的发生状况表明,从传统的IB(嗜呼吸道型和嗜生殖道型)开始,几乎每隔20-30年就出现一种新的临床表现形式,而且随着世界贸易和疫苗使用品种的急剧增加,这种IBV组织嗜性的变化在不断的提速,IBV的变异给世界范围内的养鸡业造成了很大的经济损失。据《世界家禽》1999年资料,全世界的禽病中,以呼吸系统疾病最为严重,其中IB是世界大多数地区危害养鸡业的主要疾病。1998年以来,IB在我国大部分地区相继流行,疫区的发病率可达100%,死亡率可达10-30%。仅1996年对规模化养鸡场的部分统计,国内每年由此病造成的经济损失已达10亿元以上。在规模化饲养条件下,IB感染率更高,病型更加复杂,防治难度更大,危害更加剧烈。Chicken infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of chickens caused by infectious bronchitis virus IBV. It mainly affects the respiratory system, genitourinary system and digestive system of chickens. IBV can cause different degrees of harm to chickens of all ages. Chicks often die due to respiratory or kidney lesions after infection, and the general mortality rate is 20-30%. Since the first report of respiratory infectious bronchitis (IB) with respiratory lesions in 1931 for more than 70 years, the clinical manifestations of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strains with different tissue tropisms have been continuously After being isolated and identified, there are more than 26 serotypes of IBV reported at home and abroad, and the pathogenicity has also changed greatly, and the clinical symptoms and pathological changes also change with the pathogenicity. Respiratory-tropic, nephrotropic, enterotropic, and adenotropic-gastric IBVs have emerged successively. After infection, laying hens showed severe respiratory symptoms and watery diarrhea, increased death, and decreased egg production and egg quality; chicks suffered from renal-type infectious bronchitis, oviduct development stagnation and even oviduct wall thinning, containing a large amount of water liquid, resulting in nearly 40% of hens dying; the mortality rate of glandular stomach type IB chicks can be as high as 95%. The occurrence of IB in the world and in my country shows that starting from the traditional IB (respiratory and genitourinary), a new clinical manifestation appears almost every 20-30 years, and with the development of world trade and vaccine use The rapid increase of varieties, the change of IBV tissue tropism is constantly accelerating, and the variation of IBV has caused great economic losses to the chicken industry worldwide. According to the data of "World Poultry" in 1999, among the poultry diseases in the world, respiratory diseases are the most serious, and IB is the main disease that endangers the chicken industry in most parts of the world. Since 1998, IB has been prevalent in most parts of our country. The incidence rate in the epidemic area can reach 100%, and the mortality rate can reach 10-30%. According to the partial statistics of large-scale chicken farms in 1996, the annual economic loss caused by this disease in China has reached more than 1 billion yuan. Under large-scale breeding conditions, the infection rate of IB is higher, the disease type is more complex, the prevention and control is more difficult, and the harm is more severe.
综上所述,传染性支气管炎发病率高,流行广泛,几乎所有的养鸡场均难以幸免。现代规模化畜禽养殖中,传染性支气管炎是影响畜禽生长发育、发挥正常生产性能以及提高成活率的主要因素,该病造成的生产损失和用于该病防治的经费支出是导致养殖场效益下降的主要原因之一。临床无论专业兽医还是养鸡者常首先针对该病主要特征呼吸困难、严重腹泻等进行对症治疗。抗病毒药、广谱抗生素甚至地塞米松等糖皮质类激素也成为首选或必不可少的辅助治疗药。多年来的临床治疗事实证明,虽然采用多种药物配合、加大剂量、延长疗程等综合治疗措施,不仅收效甚微,而且由于长期盲目滥用抗病毒、抗菌类药物,一方面,致使机体特异性免疫和自身防御机能降低,严重影响病毒性疾病常规免疫效果,给传染性疾病的有效防控增加了相当难度。另一方面,由于临床不合理用药,造成蛋、肉产品抗病毒、抗生素与抗菌类化学药物的残留超标,成为人类健康和生命安全潜在威胁,完全不适合于当前健康养殖的要求。在中兽医理论指导下筛选有效中药配方和制剂,用于该病防治,能有效减缓其发生和流行,同时也避免了抗病毒药、抗生素菌类药物的不合理应用和禽蛋产品中的药物残留,对蛋鸡健康养殖具有实际意义。In summary, the incidence of infectious bronchitis is high and widespread, and almost all chicken farms are unavoidable. In modern large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, infectious bronchitis is the main factor affecting the growth and development of livestock and poultry, exerting normal production performance and improving the survival rate. One of the main reasons for the decline in efficiency. Clinically, both professional veterinarians and chicken farmers often give symptomatic treatment to the main features of the disease, such as dyspnea and severe diarrhea. Antiviral drugs, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and even glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone have also become the first choice or essential adjuvant therapy. The clinical treatment over the years has proved that although comprehensive treatment measures such as multi-drug combination, increased dose, and extended course of treatment have not only had little effect, but also due to long-term blind abuse of antiviral and antibacterial drugs, on the one hand, the body's specificity has been caused. Immunity and self-defense function are reduced, which seriously affects the effect of routine immunization of viral diseases, and adds considerable difficulty to the effective prevention and control of infectious diseases. On the other hand, due to clinical irrational drug use, the residues of antiviral, antibiotic and antibacterial chemical drugs in eggs and meat products exceed the standard, which has become a potential threat to human health and life safety, and is completely unsuitable for the current requirements of healthy farming. Under the guidance of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, effective traditional Chinese medicine formulas and preparations are screened for the prevention and treatment of this disease, which can effectively slow down its occurrence and prevalence, and at the same time avoid the unreasonable application of antiviral drugs, antibiotic fungal drugs and drugs in poultry and egg products Residues are of practical significance to the healthy breeding of laying hens.
近年来有关治疗该病的中兽药研究或天然药物的研究方兴未艾,尤其是中兽药的研究,但由于几乎所有的研究均忽略了不同血清型传染性支气管炎的临床共性,将不同血清型传染性支气管炎作为不同疾病进行研究,所研制的药物也都只针对某一血清型的传染性支气管炎,这无疑给传染性支气管炎的药物防治带来极大的麻烦。所以目前尚无同时针对呼吸型、肾型、肠型以及肾型传染性支气管炎的有效药物。In recent years, the research on Chinese veterinary medicine or natural medicine for the treatment of this disease is in the ascendant, especially the research on Chinese veterinary medicine. However, since almost all studies have ignored the clinical commonality of different serotypes of infectious bronchitis, different serotypes of infectious bronchitis have been classified as Bronchitis is studied as a different disease, and the drugs developed are only aimed at a certain serotype of infectious bronchitis, which undoubtedly brings great trouble to the drug prevention and treatment of infectious bronchitis. Therefore, there is no effective drug for respiratory type, renal type, intestinal type and renal type infectious bronchitis at the same time.
中国发明专利申请200710133020.6公开了一种治疗禽传染性支气管炎的中药,属于治疗禽支气管炎的中药。组方:苏子、连翘、菊花、大青叶各13公斤;二花、杏仁、桔梗、穿心莲各10公斤,桂枝、亭力子、黄芪、茯苓各15公斤,杷叶、鱼腥草、石膏各18公斤,麻黄、甘草各20公斤。药方中的配药物质全部使用天然的中草药,然后加上传统的炮制方法制作而成。Chinese invention patent application 200710133020.6 discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating poultry infectious bronchitis, which belongs to the traditional Chinese medicine for treating poultry bronchitis. Prescription: perilla, forsythia, chrysanthemum, and Folium 13 kg each; Erhua, almond, platycodon, andrographis 10 kg each, cinnamon twig, Tinglizi, astragalus, and poria 15 kg each, loquat leaves, Houttuynia cordata , 18 kg each of gypsum, 20 kg each of ephedra and licorice. The medicinal substances in the prescription are all made of natural Chinese herbal medicines, and then added with traditional processing methods.
中国发明专利申请200610130541.1公开了一种具有止咳平喘功效的中药颗粒剂,包括麻黄,苦杏仁,生石膏,甘草四味药。主要适用于家禽传染性支气管炎、传染性喉气管炎、慢性呼吸道病、传染性鼻炎等疾病。Chinese invention patent application 200610130541.1 discloses a traditional Chinese medicine granule with the effects of relieving cough and relieving asthma, including ephedra, bitter almond, raw gypsum, and licorice. Mainly applicable to poultry infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, chronic respiratory disease, infectious rhinitis and other diseases.
中国发明专利申请200610013143.1公开了一种治疗禽呼吸道疾病的中兽药,其特征由下述重量份数配比的中草药混合配制而成:桑叶1~5份、前胡1~4份、麻黄1~5份、石膏1~5份、杏仁1~4份、百合1~4份、南沙参1~3份;将上述各组分粉碎成粉末后按比例均匀混合,即可制得。Chinese invention patent application 200610013143.1 discloses a Chinese veterinary drug for treating poultry respiratory diseases, which is characterized in that it is prepared by mixing the following Chinese herbal medicines in proportions by weight: 1-5 parts of mulberry leaves, 1-4 parts of Radix Peucedanum, 1 part of Ephedra ~5 parts, 1-5 parts of gypsum, 1-4 parts of almond, 1-4 parts of lily, 1-3 parts of Nansha ginseng; the above-mentioned components are crushed into powder and mixed uniformly in proportion to obtain.
中国发明专利申请200710123068.9公开了一种用于防治家禽呼吸道疾病的中药组合物,该中药组合物含有:金银花、鱼腥草、麻黄、石膏、大青叶、杏仁、橘红、桔梗、甘草。Chinese invention patent application 200710123068.9 discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for preventing and treating poultry respiratory diseases.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种中药构成的禽用治疗传染性支气管炎的药物,既由植物药和昆虫药组合配伍构成复方药物。The invention provides a poultry medicine for treating infectious bronchitis composed of traditional Chinese medicine, which is a compound medicine composed of herbal medicine and insect medicine.
本发明的药物组成为:射干100-150重量份,麻黄80-100重量份,地龙80-100重量份,山豆根80-100重量份,紫菀80-100重量份,白芨80-100重量份,桔梗30-50重量份,五味子80-100重量份,丹皮80-100重量份,乌梅80-100重量份。The medicine of the present invention is composed of: 100-150 parts by weight of Shegan, 80-100 parts by weight of Ephedra, 80-100 parts by weight of Dilong, 80-100 parts by weight of Shandougen, 80-100 parts by weight of Aster, and 80-100 parts by weight of Bletilla striata 30-50 parts by weight of bellflower, 80-100 parts by weight of schisandra, 80-100 parts by weight of paeonol, and 80-100 parts by weight of black plum.
本发明所述的药物可以直接用所述的药物散剂,既将各植物药物和昆虫经粉碎直接食用,或制成颗粒后使用,还可将射干、麻黄、山豆根、紫菀、白芨、桔梗、五味子、丹皮、乌梅各药分别粉碎后用水提取,将提取液进行干燥处理,干燥后再根据组方配伍按药物组成的重量比取各提取物和地龙粉混合均匀制备。The medicine described in the present invention can directly use the medicine powder, not only the various plant medicines and insects are crushed and eaten directly, or used after being made into granules, but also Shegan, Ephedra, Shandougen, Aster, Bletilla striata, Platycodon grandiflora The medicines of chinensis, schisandra, paeonol and ebony are pulverized and extracted with water, and the extract is dried, and after drying, the extracts and earthworm powder are uniformly mixed according to the composition of the prescription according to the weight ratio of the medicine composition.
本发明的配方中射干、麻黄、地龙、白芨宣肺平喘为主药;山豆根、紫菀清咽利喉,化痰止咳为臣药;五味子、乌梅收敛固涩为佐药;丹皮活血行瘀、桔梗引药入肺为使药。In the formula of the present invention, Shegan, Ephedra, Earthworm, and Bletilla striata are used as the main medicines for relieving lung and relieving asthma; Shandougen, Aster clears the throat and sharpens the throat, reduces phlegm and relieves cough as ministerial medicines; Promoting blood circulation and promoting blood stasis, Platycodon grandiflorum is introduced into the lungs as the medicine.
以上10味中药,粉碎,过60目筛,混匀即得。具有宣肺平喘、化痰止咳、滋阴清热、收敛固涩等功能,用于治疗不同血清型鸡传染性支气管炎。每天每公斤体重鸡用量为0.5-1.0g,使用时将药物均匀混入早晚两顿饲料中,连用5-7天。The above 10 traditional Chinese medicines are pulverized, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly to obtain the product. It has the functions of clearing lung and relieving asthma, reducing phlegm and relieving cough, nourishing yin and clearing heat, astringent and astringent, etc. It is used to treat chicken infectious bronchitis of different serotypes. The dosage per kilogram of body weight of chickens per day is 0.5-1.0g. When using, the drug is evenly mixed into the morning and evening feeds, and used continuously for 5-7 days.
本发明的基本思路是:Basic train of thought of the present invention is:
宣肺法-肺能肃降,喘消气平;Xuanfei method - the lung can be suppressed and lowered, and the breath can be calmed down;
祛痰法-咽清喉利,痰化咳止;Phlegm-eliminating method - clearing the throat, clearing the throat, resolving phlegm and relieving cough;
收敛法-收敛肺气,消喘定咳;Convergence method - Convergence of lung qi, relieving asthma and relieving cough;
固涩法-涩肠止泻,表里同治。Astringent method - astringent intestines to relieve diarrhea, treat both the exterior and interior.
本发明对传染性支气管炎这一现代兽医学传染性疾病,从中兽医整体观念出发,运用中兽医辨证方法及理、法、方、药原则,确定了包含不同血清型传染性支气管炎的证型、治疗法则以及处方用药,成功的将各血清型传染性支气管炎归纳在同一证型之中,解决了同一疾病因血清型不同给诊断、治疗带来的麻烦。该处方选药精良,配伍严谨,君臣佐使,各司其功,相得益彰。For infectious bronchitis, a modern veterinary infectious disease, the present invention starts from the overall concept of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, uses the traditional Chinese veterinary syndrome differentiation method and the principles of theory, method, prescription and medicine, and determines the syndrome types including different serotypes of infectious bronchitis , treatment rules and prescription drugs, successfully grouped each serotype of infectious bronchitis into the same syndrome type, and solved the troubles of diagnosis and treatment caused by different serotypes of the same disease. The prescription has excellent selection of medicines and strict compatibility, and the monarch and ministers assist each other to complement each other.
本发明是在研究了不同血清型传染性支气管炎临床表现、病理变化的基础上,按照中兽医理论进行归纳、分析,根据不同血清型传染性支气管炎既有各自特有的临床特征,也有共同的临床表现的特性,这些共同表现包含在中兽医肺、脾、肾三脏生理机能之中,其主要病因与疫邪犯肺,肺失宣降、痰浊阻肺有关。由于肺失通调,影响脾、肾水液代谢与胃、肠的升清降浊和泌别清浊的正常生理机能。本发明以中兽医学辨证方法和理、法、方、药为组方原则,以宣肺平喘、清咽祛痰、收敛固涩为主要治则,筛选出的中药复方射干麻黄地龙散,能适用于呼吸型、肾型、肠型以及腺胃型传染性支气管炎的有效治疗,可替代或在一定程度上替代传统应用的抗病毒、抗生素类药物,因此,该发明是防治鸡传染性支气管炎的一个有效措施。The present invention is on the basis of studying the clinical manifestations and pathological changes of different serotypes of infectious bronchitis, and summarizes and analyzes them according to the theory of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine. The characteristics of clinical manifestations, these common manifestations are included in the physiological functions of the lung, spleen and kidney in traditional Chinese veterinary medicine. Due to the disorder of the lung, it affects the normal physiological functions of spleen and kidney water metabolism, stomach and intestine ascending clear and descending turbidity and secreting clear turbidity. The present invention takes traditional Chinese veterinary medicine syndrome differentiation method and theory, method, prescription and medicine as the principle of formulating prescriptions, and the main treatment principles are clearing the lungs and relieving asthma, clearing the throat and eliminating phlegm, astringent and astringent, and the screened traditional Chinese medicine compound Shegan Ephedra Dilong Powder , can be applicable to the effective treatment of respiratory type, kidney type, intestinal type and glandular stomach type infectious bronchitis, and can replace or replace traditional antiviral and antibiotic drugs to a certain extent. An effective measure for chronic bronchitis.
本发明的以下优点:The following advantages of the present invention:
1.药物符合国家兽药开发的产业政策和禽肉、禽蛋食品安全的要求,有益于我国养鸡业健康养殖的发展,对生产绿色无公害禽产品具有重要实际意义,符合现代兽药科技型企业可持续发展和不断创新的要求。1. The drug conforms to the industrial policy of the national veterinary drug development and the food safety requirements of poultry meat and poultry eggs. It is beneficial to the development of healthy chicken breeding in my country and has important practical significance for the production of green and pollution-free poultry products. It is in line with modern veterinary drug science and technology enterprises. Sustainable development and continuous innovation requirements.
2.满足独立知识产权新兽药和兽用中草药现代化发展的需要。2. To meet the needs of the modern development of new veterinary drugs with independent intellectual property rights and Chinese herbal medicines for veterinary use.
建国以来具有我国自主知识产权的兽用原料药不超过4个,绝大部分西兽药制剂仍有依赖于进口原料药的态势,这无疑成为中国兽药更好更快发展的瓶颈。中国加入WTO后,兽药行业必然要与国际同行业接轨,因此,开发拥有独立知识产权的安全型新兽药已是大势所趋,刻不容缓。根据国家食品药品安全和兽药GMP规范的要求,在中兽医理论指导下,加强兽用中草药和天然药物的研发,使中兽药生产实现技术现代化、质量标准化和产品规模化,才能充分发挥中草药传统优势,才能促进兽用中草药产业的健康有续发展,最终带动国产兽药的自身发展和走向国际化。Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there have been no more than four veterinary raw materials with my country's independent intellectual property rights, and most western veterinary drug preparations still rely on imported raw materials. This has undoubtedly become a bottleneck for the better and faster development of Chinese veterinary drugs. After China's accession to the WTO, the veterinary drug industry must be in line with the international industry. Therefore, the development of safe new veterinary drugs with independent intellectual property rights has become the general trend and cannot be delayed. According to the requirements of national food and drug safety and veterinary drug GMP regulations, under the guidance of the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine, strengthen the research and development of veterinary Chinese herbal medicine and natural medicine, so that the production of Chinese veterinary medicine can realize technological modernization, quality standardization and product scale, so as to give full play to the traditional advantages of Chinese herbal medicine , in order to promote the healthy and sustainable development of the veterinary Chinese herbal medicine industry, and ultimately drive the self-development and internationalization of domestic veterinary medicine.
3.药物的稳定性好。3. Good drug stability.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的各种药物按以下比例准确称取,经干燥粉碎,过60目筛,混匀,分装备用。Various medicines of the present invention are accurately weighed according to the following proportions, dried and pulverized, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, mixed evenly, and distributed for use.
射干1.5kg、麻黄1kg、山豆根1kg、紫菀1kg、地龙1kg、白芨1kg、丹皮1kg、五味子1kg、乌梅1kg、桔梗0.5kgShegan 1.5kg, Ephedra 1kg, Shandougen 1kg, Aster 1kg, Dilong 1kg, Bletilla striata 1kg, Danpi 1kg, Schisandra 1kg, Ume 1kg, Bellflower 0.5kg
临床前药效试验:Preclinical drug efficacy test:
治疗产蛋鸡呼吸型传染性支气管炎临床效果Clinical effect of treating respiratory infectious bronchitis in laying hens
试验选呼吸型传染性支气管炎自然发病产蛋鸡群,共4260只,随机抽取其中540只,分为“射干麻黄地龙散”组(同时设0.5克/天/公斤体重组和1.0克/天/公斤体重组)、药物对照组(病毒灵50.0mg/天/公斤体重组和100.0mg/天/公斤体重组)和空白对照组(同时设2组)。将各组药物,均匀混入相应日粮,试验期7天。结果:“射干麻黄地龙散”组平均死亡率为0.55%、病毒灵组平均死亡率为4.45%、空白对照组平均死亡率为5.55%;“射干麻黄地龙散”组的平均产蛋率比药物对照和空白对照组平均产蛋率分别提高6.85%、6.9%。A total of 4260 laying chickens with natural onset of respiratory infectious bronchitis were selected for the test, 540 of which were randomly selected and divided into the "Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" group (at the same time, 0.5 g/day/kg body weight group and 1.0 g/day day/kg body weight group), drug control group (viralin 50.0mg/day/kg body weight group and 100.0mg/day/kg body weight group) and blank control group (set 2 groups at the same time). The medicines of each group were evenly mixed into the corresponding diet, and the test period was 7 days. Results: The average mortality rate of the "Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" group was 0.55%, the average mortality rate of the Virus Ling group was 4.45%, and the average mortality rate of the blank control group was 5.55%. The average egg production rate of the "Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" group Compared with the drug control group and the blank control group, the average egg production rate increased by 6.85% and 6.9% respectively.
治疗鸡肾型传染性支气管炎临床效果Clinical Effect of Treating Chicken Kidney Type Infectious Bronchitis
选取27日龄的肾型传染性支气管炎蛋用雏鸡1500只,随机分成三组,每组500只。I组用0.5%NaHCO3饮水治疗,II组为空白对照组,III组以射干麻黄地龙散0.5g/kg体重拌料治疗,连续治疗7天。试验结果:I组、II组、III组死亡率分别为5%(25/500)、23.8%(119/500)、5.4%(27/500)。第I组在用药后的前2天,试验鸡粪便中白色尿酸盐较多,治疗后的第3天逐渐正常,但仍然较为稀薄;第III组实验鸡的粪便在治疗后的第3天完全成形,采食量比其它两组恢复快。A total of 1500 egg chicks with renal type infectious bronchitis aged 27 days were selected and randomly divided into three groups, 500 in each group. Group I was treated with 0.5% NaHCO3 drinking water, group II was the blank control group, and group III was treated with 0.5 g/kg body weight of Shegan Mahuang Dilong powder for 7 consecutive days. Test results: The mortality rates of group I, group II and group III were 5% (25/500), 23.8% (119/500) and 5.4% (27/500) respectively. In the first 2 days after the treatment of the first group I, there were more white urate in the feces of the test chickens, and it gradually became normal on the 3rd day after the treatment, but it was still relatively thin; Fully formed, feed intake recovered faster than the other two groups.
治疗腺胃型传染性支气管炎临床效果Clinical Effect of Treating Glandular-Gastric Infectious Bronchitis
选择通过实验诊断和病理剖检综合诊断为腺胃型传染性支气管炎自然发病鸡群进行临床疗效试验,4群共8260羽。不同批次试验鸡均分为“射干麻黄地龙散”组和对照组。”“射干麻黄地龙散”以0.5克/天/公斤体重的剂量拌料,连续使用10天,对照组不添加任何药物。用药后,“射干麻黄地龙散”组的鸡群采食增加,精神逐渐好转,粪便由稀变粘,在用药第6天粪便趋于成形,第9天腹泻停止,粪便颜色正常,病情得到控制。试验期试验组累计平均死亡率比用药前下降19.49%,试验组比对照组的死亡率下降20.59%。Selected through the experimental diagnosis and pathological autopsy comprehensive diagnosis of glandular stomach type infectious bronchitis naturally occurring chicken flocks for clinical efficacy test, 4 flocks of 8260 birds. Different batches of test chickens were divided into "Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" group and control group. ""Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" was mixed with a dose of 0.5 g/day/kg body weight for 10 consecutive days, and the control group did not add any drugs. After medication, the chickens in the "Shegan Mahuang Dilong Powder" group increased their feed intake. , the spirit gradually improved, the feces changed from thin to viscous, and the feces tended to form on the 6th day of the medication, and the diarrhea stopped on the 9th day, the color of the feces was normal, and the condition was under control. The cumulative average mortality rate of the test group during the test period was 19.49% lower than that before the medication. The mortality rate of the experimental group was 20.59% lower than that of the control group.
安全性评价实验:小白鼠急性毒性灌胃实验未能测出半数致死剂量(LD50),故按常规进一步对受试药物进行最大耐受剂量(LD0)测定。通过最大耐受量测定,计算出小鼠的实际给药剂量,即:0.4ml/10g体重×3×50%×100×3.33g/ml=199.8g/kg体重,相当于199.8g/kg体重的生药量。实验表明,本发明属于临床安全范围制剂,可视为无毒级;应用于防治不同血清型鸡的传染性支气管炎安全性良好。Safety evaluation experiment: The median lethal dose (LD50) could not be detected in the acute toxicity gavage experiment of mice, so the maximum tolerated dose (LD0) of the tested drug was further determined as usual. Through the determination of the maximum tolerated dose, the actual dosage of the mice was calculated, that is: 0.4ml/10g body weight×3×50%×100×3.33g/ml=199.8g/kg body weight, equivalent to 199.8g/kg body weight amount of crude drug. Experiments show that the preparation of the present invention belongs to the clinical safety range and can be regarded as a non-toxic grade; it is safe to be applied to prevent and treat infectious bronchitis in chickens of different serotypes.
剂型研究:研究确立了规模化生产本发明的适宜剂型-兽药典所载“中药散剂”。研究试图将复方中粗纤维含量高、制粉难度大的部分药材用水提取,除去大部分粗纤维及沉淀物、木质成分,干燥后按比例再参与组方配伍,制成本发明浓缩型散剂,相当于生药3.33∶1。目的使其有效成分得以浓缩、富集,粒度更细,均匀度更好,提高治疗效果,减少用药量。该制剂和传统散剂进行对比试验结果,两者效果并无明显差异,浓缩性散剂要求工艺较为复杂,规模化生产质量控制难度较大,因此使用传统兽医学散剂剂型,不仅便于生产加工,而且能防止在加工过程中有效成分的不必要流失,也符合中兽医传统用药规范。研究确定该药适宜剂型为传统散剂。Dosage Form Research: Research has established the suitable dosage form of the present invention for large-scale production-"Chinese medicine powder" contained in the Veterinary Pharmacopoeia. The research attempts to extract some medicinal materials with high crude fiber content and difficult powder making in the compound recipe with water, remove most of the crude fiber, sediment and woody components, and participate in the formula compatibility after drying in proportion to make the concentrated powder of the present invention. It is equivalent to crude drug 3.33:1. The purpose is to concentrate and enrich the active ingredients, make the particle size finer and better uniformity, improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the dosage. There is no significant difference in the effect of the preparation and the traditional powder. Concentrated powders require more complicated processes, and it is more difficult to control the quality of large-scale production. Therefore, the use of traditional veterinary powder formulations is not only convenient for production and processing, but also can To prevent unnecessary loss of active ingredients during processing, it is also in line with the traditional Chinese veterinary medication norms. The study determined that the suitable dosage form of the drug is traditional powder.
稳定性研究:原料药及其制剂的稳定性研究,研究确定了本发明的储藏方法和有效期,本发明配方中所用中药材均为《中国兽药典》2005年版收载品种,对几个不同生产批次的制剂留样,按兽药典规定的方法进行稳定性检查。结果表明,2年以内的制剂未见生虫、霉变、结块以及色泽的变化,TLC检定,依然能检测到标识性成分,回归临床治疗鸡传染性支气管炎效果良好。试验表明本发明制剂具有良好的稳定性,因此,常温密闭存放,有效期可暂时确定为2年。Stability study: the stability study of raw material medicine and preparation thereof, the study has determined the storage method and the validity period of the present invention, and the Chinese medicinal materials used in the formula of the present invention are all the varieties recorded in the 2005 edition of "Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia". The reserved samples of the batches of preparations shall be checked for stability according to the methods specified in the Veterinary Pharmacopoeia. The results showed that no worms, mildew, agglomeration, and color changes were found in the preparation within 2 years, and the identification components could still be detected by TLC test, and the effect of returning to clinical treatment of chicken infectious bronchitis was good. Tests show that the preparation of the present invention has good stability, therefore, the validity period can be tentatively determined to be 2 years when it is stored airtight at room temperature.
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