CN101472791A - 水运工具 - Google Patents

水运工具 Download PDF

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CN101472791A
CN101472791A CNA200780023156XA CN200780023156A CN101472791A CN 101472791 A CN101472791 A CN 101472791A CN A200780023156X A CNA200780023156X A CN A200780023156XA CN 200780023156 A CN200780023156 A CN 200780023156A CN 101472791 A CN101472791 A CN 101472791A
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water craft
fuel tank
machinery space
tank apparatus
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CN101472791B (zh
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S·汉努拉
O·勒范德
T·斯皮拉
K·詹森
P·马蒂凯恩
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Wartsila Finland Oy
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B63B17/0036—Arrangements for minimizing pollution by accidents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0138—Shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
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Abstract

一种以气体燃料工作的水运工具(1)，其具有至少一个用气体提供动力的发动机(2)，该水运工具配备有以液相形式储存燃料的燃料箱装置(4)，在该水运工具中发动机位于发动机舱中，发动机舱配备了从发动机舱延伸至水运工具外部的发动机舱外壳(6)，燃料箱装置(4)被布置在发动机舱外壳附近。

Description

水运工具
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的利用气体燃料工作的水运工具，其具有至少一个用气体提供动力的发动机，该水运工具配备有以液相形式储存燃料的燃料箱，在该水运工具中发动机被置于发动机舱中，该发动机舱配备有发动机舱外壳，该发动机舱外壳从发动机舱延伸至水运工具外部。
背景技术
[0002]与例如重燃油或船用柴油相比，由于气体燃料燃烧清洁及可用性，其在各种类型的水运工具上的使用正日益增加。
[0003]气体一般以液相形式储存在低温燃料箱中，低温燃料箱也是压力容器。由于传统的气箱是大压力容器，在考虑例如使用该水运工具的经济性和方便性时，该水运工具中的空间利用很关键，因此这样一个气箱或几个气箱的定位会成问题。与柴油油箱相比，液化气箱尺寸较大，重量较重。例如，车辆甲板中通道的宽度对于例如滚装船(roro-vessel)来说是一个重要因素，在滚装船中，货车沿斜坡在船中行进。气箱的隔离也是节约水运工具中的空间的一个特征，气体一般储存在大约负162℃(天燃气)的温度下。
发明内容
[0004]本发明的目标是提供一种具有用气体燃料提供动力的发动机的水运工具，其解决了现有技术的上述问题以及其它问题。
[0005]在权利要求1中公开的内容已基本满足本发明的目标。其它权利要求提供了本发明不同实施例的更多细节。
[0006]本发明的基本思想是在发动机舱外壳附近包括一个或多个燃料箱，并将燃料箱装置布置成具有细长形状。
[0007]根据本发明的一个优选实施例，提供了一种以气体燃料工作的水运工具，其具有至少一个用气体提供动力的发动机，并具有以液相形式储存燃料的燃料箱装置。在该水运工具中，发动机位于发动机舱中，发动机舱配备有发动机舱外壳，发动机舱外壳从发动机舱向水运工具外部延伸。本发明的特征在于燃料箱装置被布置在发动机舱外壳附近。这样，燃料箱装置可能被定位在水运工具中易于向上通风的空间中。
[0008]燃料箱装置在基本上偏离水运工具纵轴的方向上优选是细长形的，使得燃料箱装置具有垂直尺寸和水平尺寸，并且垂直尺寸大于水平尺寸。这样，水运工具中的空间利用是有利的。
[0009]燃料箱装置优选包括许多互连的分离燃料箱。例如在需要修理的情况下，分离燃料箱远比单个大的燃料箱更易于抬离水运工具。由于管子是可购买到的且其抗压性良好，所以采用圆形横截面的燃料箱是特别有益的。
[0010]根据本发明的另一个实施例，燃料箱装置相对于水运工具的纵轴位于发动机舱外壳的前面或后面。这使水运工具中的空间利用率被最大化。
[0011]因此，本发明提供了如下几个益处：
燃料箱所在的空间可以易于向上通风
满足船级社的燃料箱位置规则
靠近船中部定位，这对水运工具的平衡只产生很小的影响
大的高度使燃料箱的直径小，这使得甲板的保留面积小，能够使用标准管子用作构建材料
由于燃料箱是与外壳对齐的，所以汽车甲板上自由通道的数量可以保持不变
燃料箱中小的自由表面积最小化了汽化气体的形成
燃料箱可以被抬离船只以便更换
附图说明
[0012]下面将参考所附示意图来描述本发明，图中：
图1图解说明了本发明的一个实施例，
图2图解说明了本发明的另一个实施例，及
图3图解说明了图1的横截面上部视图。
具体实施方式
[0013]如图1中所示的水运工具1配备有为该水运工具的推进系统3提供动力的主发动机2。显然，所安装的发动机的数量和布局可以根据该水运工具的类型和尺寸而变化。发动机2以气体燃料工作，气体燃料以液相形式储存在燃料箱装置4中，在实际中这意味着气体的温度一般为大约负162℃。发动机2被安装在发动机舱5中。发动机舱配备有从发动机舱向水运工具1的外部延伸的发动机舱外壳6，通过外壳，可以铺设例如发动机的排气管。在图1的实施例中，燃料箱装置4被布置在舱壁甲板8上方纵向对齐的发动机舱外壳附近。燃料箱装置4通过供气系统7与发动机2连接在一起，供气系统7包括所需的管道7.1和用来将液体蒸发成气体并对其加热的蒸发器设备7.2。蒸发器设备位于舱壁甲板8下方与燃料箱装置分离的方位，因此在燃料运输时可利用重力。
[0014]燃料箱装置在基本上偏离水运工具纵轴的方向上的垂直方位大致是细长形的。换言之，燃料箱装置具有垂直尺寸和水平尺寸，且垂直尺寸比水平尺寸大。这样，燃料箱装置所需的横截面积被最小化，节约了甲板空间。同样，液态气体的自由表面积是小的，这最小化了汽化气体的形成。优选燃料箱装置包括管状燃料箱，或者从图中可以看出燃料箱装置4包括许多个管状燃料箱4.1，它们之间是互相连接的。这使得可以更换较小的独立燃料箱而不是大的单个燃料箱。水运工具优选配备有在其顶部甲板可打开的结构以用来将燃料箱拖离水运工具(在图中没有显示)。
[0015]燃料箱4.1的空间9具有孔10，孔10将该空间连接到大气中以保持空间的通风。
[0016]在图3中，可以看到图1的上部横截面视图。可以看出，本发明的燃料箱装置可以最大化水运工具中可用的甲板面积。作为一个例子，在图3中，由于燃料箱装置4相对于水运工具的纵轴位于发动机舱外壳的前面，所以汽车甲板上的通道8具有最大数目和宽度。如用虚线描绘的，燃料箱装置4’也可以被安排在发动机舱外壳的后面，这仍然具有相同的益处。从图3中可以看出，管状燃料箱4.1具有圆形横截面。
[0017]图2显示了与图1对应的水运工具和装置，因此使用了相应的参数标号。基本上讲，区别仅在于燃料箱装置在舱壁甲板8下方的程度。这降低了重心，使水运工具更加稳定。
[0018]显然，本发明不局限于以上所述的示例，而是在本发明的思想范围内可以以许多不同的实施例实现本发明。

Claims (8)

1.一种以气体燃料工作的水运工具(1)，其具有至少一个用气体提供动力的发动机(2)，该水运工具配备有以液相形式储存燃料的燃料箱装置(4)，在该水运工具中所述发动机位于发动机舱中，该发动机舱配备了发动机舱外壳(6)，该发动机舱外壳(6)从所述发动机舱延伸至所述水运工具外部，其特征在于，所述燃料箱装置(4)被布置在所述发动机舱外壳附近。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱装置(4)在基本上偏离所述水运工具的纵轴的方向上是细长形的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱装置(4)具有垂直尺寸和水平尺寸，并且所述垂直尺寸大于所述水平尺寸。
4.根据前述权利要求1-3中任一项所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱装置(4)包括多个互连的分离燃料箱(4.1)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱具有圆形横截面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述分离燃料箱(4.1)被成形为垂直延伸的管状燃料箱。
7.根据权利要求1所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱装置被置于一空间(9)中，该空间(9)具有通向所述水运工具外部的孔(10)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的水运工具，其特征在于所述燃料箱装置(4)相对于所述水运工具的纵轴位于所述发动机舱外壳的前面或后面。
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DE602007010137D1 (de) 2010-12-09
KR20090018868A (ko) 2009-02-23
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EP2029421A1 (en) 2009-03-04
WO2007147931A1 (en) 2007-12-27
US20090253318A1 (en) 2009-10-08
JP5134621B2 (ja) 2013-01-30
EP2029421B1 (en) 2010-10-27
FI20065419A0 (fi) 2006-06-19
FI20065419A (fi) 2007-12-20
NO337642B1 (no) 2016-05-23
ATE486004T1 (de) 2010-11-15
FI123864B (fi) 2013-11-29
CN101472791B (zh) 2011-10-05

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