CN101472480A - 包含中枢神经系统脂质的乳基食品 - Google Patents
包含中枢神经系统脂质的乳基食品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
中枢神经系统(CNS)，即脊髓和脑，包含大量的多种脂质，统称为CNS脂质。这类脂质不仅是胚胎诱导所必需的而且也在成人体内用于保持细胞的健康正常功能。通过将这些正常重要的CNS脂质积极掺入至功能食品中，可以通过摄入此类食品而改善人的免疫力。将脑物质加入至膳食中的相关问题是与脑物质的不良味道和不愉快性质有关。本发明公开了不具有脑物质的不愉快味道和其它性质的包含CNS脂质的食品。本发明涉及乳基食品，其中常规脂肪和脂质已经被CNS脂质代替。
Description
发明领域
本发明通常涉及维持健康和改善功能的食品。特别的是，本发明涉及包含重要脂质的乳基食品(dairy based foodstuff)，所述的脂质源自中枢神经系统，尤其是无朊病毒的小猪脑、脊髓和脑膜。
发明背景
中枢神经系统(CNS)，即脊髓和脑，包含大量的多种脂质，统称为CNS脂质。这类脂质不仅是胚胎诱导所必需的而且也在成人体内用于保持细胞的正常健康功能。这种中枢调节功能，脂质组学与基因组学和蛋白质组学协同作用以保证正常的基因转录并且支持我们的健康。脂质对于胚胎发生和胎儿发育也是必需的。
CNS脂质的缺乏可以引起不同神经性疾病形式的多种失常，例如紧张、焦虑、疼痛、睡眠障碍、僵硬、动脉粥样硬化、血液循环紊乱等。这些神经性功能障碍，“Tallbergs综合征”[1]的特别形式在表1中描述。在与正常膳食一起施用CNS脂质后，人的这些症状可以减少并且没有副作用。CNS脂质可以从肠吸收并且掺入神经系统保证健康的突触发生和机体功能。患者的神经系统(内源性地缺乏CNS脂质或CNS脂质的产生缺乏)似乎能从包含CNS脂质的膳食中摄取这些重要的脂质。
通过将这些正常重要的CNS脂质积极掺入至功能食品中，可以通过摄入此类食品而改善人的免疫力。CNS脂质还包含淋巴细胞生成的维生素物质。CNS脂质减轻人的多种神经性疾病并且显著恢复正常健康状况，所述的神经性疾病例如过劳综合征、睡眠障碍、感觉过敏、肌肉僵硬、慢性炎性反应。
表1
脂质组学；患者健康器官诱导和癌症控制与他们的数百万CNS脂质分子的平衡内环境有关
胚胎发生
-智力，想象力，记忆力
-诱导的CNS与癌症控制有关
-血脑屏障损伤干扰了这种控制(疱疹)
-摄入CNS脂质可以减轻疼痛
-黑素瘤随体，出现在衰弱的轴突区域
-CNS脂质刺激淋巴细胞生成，与Ti[＝B12中的Co]有关
-在摄入CNS脂质和血屏障膜后胆固醇下降
-脊髓中的区域性CNS脂质损耗与动脉粥样硬化有关？
-无朊病毒CNS膳食减轻过劳综合征和紧张
-脂质CNS单体可能涉及控制过敏反应
-通过膳食CNS脂质减轻特发性疼痛“Tallberg综合征”
-CNS脂质信号与细胞膜受体脂质结构匹配
-妊娠期间，天然脂质摄入缺乏可以引起孤独症和ADHD发生率增加，胆固醇过多的结果？
基因组的线粒体调节与脂质组学、基因组学和蛋白质组学有关。
通过将脑物质加入至正常膳食中的形式可以容易地将CNS脂质掺入至日常膳食中。将脑物质加入至膳食中的相关问题是与脑物质有关的不良味道和不愉快性质。本发明公开了不具有与脑物质的应用有关的不愉快味道和性质的包含CNS脂质的食品。
发明概述
本发明涉及包含中枢神经系统脂质(CNS脂质)的乳基食品。CNS脂质的来源是整体脑物质或从整体脑物质中提取的特别脂质分子。
本发明进一步涉及本发明的乳基食品作为膳食补充剂在预防和治疗由于缺乏重要的中枢神经系统脂质而产生的疾病例如某些形式的癌症中的用途。
发明详述
本发明描述了包含中枢神经系统脂质(CNS脂质)的乳基食品。在乳基食品的制备中，基本上所有的脂肪和脂质都源自脑物质、脊髓和脑膜。本发明的食品完全没有与脑物质有关的不愉快味道和其它负面性质。食品是美味的并且可以制备成对消费者有很大吸引力的产品。重要的是，所谓功能性食品不仅要具有维持并且改善健康的体质而且要吸引消费者。
术语“乳基食品”应当解释为表示常规乳制品以及基于乳类物质(例如椰子汁和豆浆)的食品。乳基食品被理解为包括多种冷冻产品例如冰淇淋、冷冻酸乳酪、冷冻奶昔，以及非冷冻产品例如酸乳酪、奶昔、蛋奶冻、干酪凝乳和酸奶产品等。
在制备本发明的食品中，CNS脂质基本上代替了所有其它通常存在于乳制品中的脂质。代替的CNS脂质可以是无朊病毒的整体脑物质包括脑膜和脊髓脂质的形式。将脑分离并且冻干(煮)，然后干燥。剩余物质可以直接与例如乳和水果混合并且用作制备乳基食品中的基本成分。如果整体脑用作CNS脂质的来源，那么包含CNS脂质的物质还包含存在于脑中的其它重要化合物，例如淋巴细胞生成维生素物质。无朊病毒的小猪脑可以优选用作整体脑物质的来源。小猪的脊髓和脑膜也可以用作CNS脂质的来源。
CNS脂质也可以从整体脑物质中提取。在本发明的该实施方案中，冻干脑是经冷冻干燥的。总的脂质含量是用适合的有机溶剂例如醚/醇从冻干脑物质中提取的。包含CNS脂质的有机相可以过滤，然后将有机溶剂蒸发(蒸馏)。剩余物可以进一步纯化或如此在食品配方中应用。
非常重要的是，CNS脂质的来源是绝对无朊病毒的，即小猪脑或冻干脑的提取物等。朊病毒是仅包含蛋白的感染性物质。朊病毒与疾病例如BSE(疯牛病)和人类的克-雅病有关。因为朊病毒是蛋白质，所以它们不能与脂质一起用有机溶剂从脑物质中提取。因此，脑物质的脂质提取物是完全无朊病毒的。
整体脑(包括膜和脊髓)或提取脂质形式的CNS脂质用于制备乳基食品。CNS脂质可以代替乳制品中存在的所有其它形式的脂肪或脂质。为了味道，与什锦水果混合的CNS脂质用作食品配方中的基本成分。
本发明的乳基食品还可以包含其它增味剂成分。增味剂成分的实例是例如天然和合成的香味剂、甜味剂、糖、水果和浆果等。食品中还可以存在其它组分，例如乳化剂和增稠剂。
包含CNS脂质的食品可以在治疗和预防多种疾病和障碍中用作膳食补充剂，所述的疾病和障碍是由于缺乏天然存在的CNS脂质而产生的。此类疾病的实例是某些形式的癌症例如基底细胞癌并且其它障碍是(但不限于)：紧张、焦虑、疼痛、睡眠障碍、僵硬、动脉粥样硬化、孤独症、ADHD、战斗疲劳、外伤后应激综合征、纤维肌痛和血液循环紊乱。
与其它天然必需成分一起摄入的CNS脂质可以用于补偿遗传性缺陷。致病性代谢功能障碍的生理补充剂可以被补偿但经常不修正。
CNS脂质可以加入至特别的功能性食品中，目的在于修正引起某些形式的癌症的代谢缺陷。在该情况中，添加剂成分包括某些氨基酸和必需微量元素盐。
实施例
实施例1.应用整体脑作为CNS脂质来源
将小猪的整体脑和脊髓取出并且洗涤。将脑物质煮30分钟。将无朊病毒的脑物质直接用于食品配方。将冻干的脑与水果混合并且在制备乳制品中将该混合物用作原料和基本成分，例如冰淇淋。
实施例2.从脑中提取CNS脂质
如实施例1将小猪脑冻干并且将冻干的脑用醚/乙醇(70/30体积-％)提取3天。将CNS脂质溶于有机溶剂中并且将剩余物通过过滤除去。将有机溶剂蒸发(蒸馏)至干燥并且在制备乳制品中将剩余物用作CNS脂质来源。
实施例3.制备乳基产品
A.将CNS脂质在食物混合机中处理，加入橙、香蕉、柠檬、莱姆酸橙、椰子汁，但是未加入糖。将混合物在食物搅拌机中充分匀化，然后冷冻以形成冰淇淋，或者可选自的是作为“奶昔”摄入。
B.将冻干形式的CNS脂质加入至乳中并且可以用作多种汤、面包、肉丸等的基本成分。
参考文献
[1]Journal of the Australasian College of Nutritional andEnvironmental Medicine(2005)第24卷，No3，第3-9页。
Claims (10)
1.乳基食品，其特征在于包含中枢神经系统脂质作为总脂肪含量的基本部分。
2.权利要求1的乳基食品，其特征在于中枢神经系统脂质的部分为50-100％(w/w)。
3.权利要求1至2中任意一项的乳基食品，其中所述的中枢神经系统脂质的来源是脑或脊髓物质。
4.权利要求1至3中任意一项的乳基食品，其中所述的中枢神经系统脂质的来源是小猪脑物质。
5.权利要求1至2中任意一项的乳基食品，其中所述的中枢神经系统脂质的来源是包含中枢神经系统脂质的脑物质的有机提取物，并且将所述的有机提取物的有机溶剂蒸发至干燥。
6.权利要求5的乳基食品，其中所述的有机溶剂是醚和乙醇的混合物、优选70:30(醚:乙醇)的混合物。
7.权利要求1至6中任意一项的乳基食品，其中所述的乳基食品是冷冻形式的或冻干的。
8.权利要求7的乳基食品，其中所述的乳基食品是冰淇淋。
9.权利要求1至8中任意一项的乳基食品，其中所述的乳基食品还包含增味剂成分例如天然和合成的香味剂、甜味剂、糖、水果、浆果和/或其它组分。
10.中枢神经系统脂质在制备权利要求1至9中任意一项的乳基食品中的用途，其中所述的乳基食品用于预防和治疗由于缺乏重要的中枢神经系统脂质而产生的疾病和障碍。
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| EP2040558A1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
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| PT2040558E (pt) | 2011-10-24 |
| RU2462875C2 (ru) | 2012-10-10 |
| US20090208587A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| FI120720B (fi) | 2010-02-15 |
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| US8110227B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 |
| RU2008152249A (ru) | 2010-07-27 |
| DK2040558T3 (da) | 2011-10-31 |
| PL2040558T3 (pl) | 2012-02-29 |
| JP5469454B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
| WO2007144472A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
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