CN101448665A - 用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101448665A
CN101448665A CNA2007800179950A CN200780017995A CN101448665A CN 101448665 A CN101448665 A CN 101448665A CN A2007800179950 A CNA2007800179950 A CN A2007800179950A CN 200780017995 A CN200780017995 A CN 200780017995A CN 101448665 A CN101448665 A CN 101448665A
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displaceable element
drive train
hybrid drive
rotatable shaft
train according
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CNA2007800179950A
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CN101448665B (zh
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马丁·霍尔
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Dana TM4 Inc
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TM4 Inc
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/12—Clutch systems with a plurality of electro-magnetically-actuated clutches
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    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Abstract

这里所述的混合动力变速器包括行星齿轮结构和包括两个电磁离合器部分的离合器，其用于互连混合动力车辆的内燃机、牵引电机、电动机/发电机和驱动车轮。这里所述的混合动力变速器允许各种操作模式。

Description

用于混合动力车辆的混合动力变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力车辆。更具体地说，本发明涉及用于混合动力车辆的混合动力驱动系的混合动力变速器。
背景技术
混合动力车辆在本技术领域中是公知的。它们通常设置有内燃机(ICE)、可将动力传送至车辆的至少一个车轮的牵引电机和用于将电力供给至牵引电机和/或对车辆的电池进行再充电和/或将动力传送至车轮的至少一个车轮的电动机/发电机。
混合动力车辆被称为是串联式(series)混合动力车辆，牵引电机用于驱动车轮，ICE专门用于驱动发电机从而对车辆电池进行再充电和/或将电力直接地供给至牵引电机。
混合动力车辆被称为是并联式(parallel)混合动力车辆，牵引电机和ICE二者都可用于同时或独立地驱动车辆的车轮。在并联混合动力车辆中，ICE也可用于通过发电机对电池再充电。
串联/并联混合动力车辆(SPHV)在现有技术中也是公知的。传统地，这些车辆包括可在串联模式与并联模式之间切换，如上文所述。SPHV将串联混合动力系统和并联混合动力系统结合到一起从而使得这两个系统的益处最大化。这些车辆通常具有电动机和发电机，并且根据驱动条件而仅使用电动机或来自于电动机和发动机的驱动力，从而实现最大的效率水平。而且，在必要的时候，该系统在使用发电机发电的同时驱动车轮。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种互连混合动力车辆的ICE、牵引电机、电动机/发电机和至少一个车轮的改善混合动力变速器。
更具体地说，根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种用于设置有至少一个驱动轮的车辆的混合动力驱动系，该混合动力驱动系包括：
具有连接至车辆的至少一个驱动轮的可转动轴的牵引电机；
具有可转动轴的电动机/发电机；
具有可转动轴的内燃机；
行星齿轮结构，包括与电动机/发电机的可转动轴相关联的中心齿轮、与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的行星托架以及环形齿轮；
离合器组件具有与行星齿轮结构的中心齿轮相关联的第一可移动元件、与行星齿轮结构的环形齿轮相关联的第二可移动元件以及与至少一个驱动轮相关联的固定元件；第一可移动元件可在第一可移动元件空转的第一位置与第一可移动元件和固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动；第二可移动元件可在第二可移动元件空转的第一位置与第二可移动元件和固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于设置有至少一个驱动轮的车辆的混合动力驱动系，该混合动力驱动系包括：
具有连接至车辆的至少一个驱动轮的可转动轴的牵引电机；
具有可转动轴的电动机/发电机；
具有可转动轴的内燃机；
行星齿轮结构，包括与电动机/发电机的可转动轴相关联的中心齿轮、与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的行星托架以及环形齿轮；
离合器组件具有与行星齿轮结构的行星齿轮相关联的第一和第二可移动元件、与至少一个驱动轮相关联的第一固定元件和与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的第二固定元件；第一可移动元件可在第一可移动元件空转的第一位置与第一可移动元件和第一固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动；第二可移动元件可在第二可移动元件空转的第一位置与第二可移动元件和第二固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动。
通过阅读本发明的优选实施例的非限制性描述并且结合实例参照附图，本发明的其他目的、优势和特征将变得更加清楚明了。
附图说明
在附图中：
图1是包括根据本发明第一示例性实施例的混合动力变速器的混合动力车辆的驱动系的示意性方框图，该混合动力变速器如图所示处于空挡模式；
图2是类似于图1的示意性方框图，并且示出处于并联混合动力模式的混合动力变速器；
图3是类似于图1的示意性方框图，并且示出处于串联混合动力模式的混合动力变速器；
图4是示出类似于图1的示意性方框图并且示出处于完全电动模式下的混合动力变速器，其中牵引电机和电动机/发电机将机械动力供给至车轮；
图5是类似于图1的示意性方框图并且示出处于串联/并联模式的混合动力变速器；
图6是包括根据本发明第二示例性实施例的混合动力变速器的混合动力车辆的驱动系，该混合动力变速器如图所示处于空挡模式；
图7是包括根据本发明第三示例性实施例的混合动力变速器的混合动力车辆的驱动系，该混合动力变速器如图所示处于空挡模式。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图中的图1，将说明根据本发明第一实施例的混合动力变速器10。该混合动力变速器10是图1所示的混合动力车辆的驱动系的一部分。应该指出的是，图1是示意性的，而不是按照比例的，诸如轴承、转动传感器和安装支架的驱动系的许多元件已经为了清楚的目的而省略，因为这些元件并不具体地与本发明公开内容相关。
混合动力变速器10包括行星齿轮结构12(行星式齿轮)以及包括两个电磁离合器部分14和16的离合器13，该离合器用于互连混合动力车辆的驱动系的内燃机(ICE)18、牵引电机20、电动机/发电机22和驱动车轮24。该混合动力变速器允许各种模式的操作，如下所述。
行星齿轮结构12包括安装至电动机/发电机22的轴28的中心齿轮26；安装至与ICE18的可转动轴34连接的行星托架32的行星齿轮30；以及环形齿轮36。行星齿轮结构12的操作被认为是本领域公知常识，因此这里为了简洁的目的而不再重复。
如上所述，离合器13包括两个电磁离合器部分14和16。第一电磁离合器部分14可被视为双位置离合器并且包括采用固定安装至轴28以与其转动的可移动盘38的形式的可移动元件和采用固定电磁线圈40的形式的致动器。该可移动盘38如图1所示处于其空挡位置。
第二电磁离合器部分16可被视为三位置离合器并且包括采用安装至环形齿轮36的可移动盘42的形式的可移动元件以及采用固定电磁线圈44和46的形式的第二和第三致动器。该可移动盘42如图1所示处于空挡位置。
牵引电机20包括环绕电动机/发电机22的可转动轴28的可转动轴48。换句话说，可转动轴28和48是同心的。轴48连接至与中间齿轮52啮合的齿轮50，该中间齿轮52本身与差分结构54啮合，车轮24连接至该差分结构54。该轴48也设置有板56，该板可视为电磁离合器部分14和16的一部分，因为可移动盘38和42可摩擦地与此接合，如下所述。
行星托架32包括接合表面58，其可被视为第二电磁离合器部分16的一部分，因为可移动盘42可摩擦接合于此，如下文所述。
混合动力变速器10如图1所示处于空挡位置。更具体地说，电磁离合器部分14和16没有接合。在该模式下，牵引电机20可用于驱动车辆的车轮24，因为电机20的轴48永久地连接至车轮24。应该指出的是，当变速器10处于空挡模式下时，车辆仅通过电池(未示出)行驶。
该混合动力变速器10如图2所示处于其并联混合动力模式。更具体地说，第一电磁离合器部分14的可移动盘38没有接合并且第二电磁离合器部分16的可移动盘42接合至板56，因此将环形齿轮36连接至车轮24。这一接合是通过激活该电磁线圈44而实现的。当混合动力变速器10处于这一模式下时，由ICE 18产生的动力的一部分传送至车辆的车轮24。经由通过行星齿轮结构的互连，从ICE 18传递至车轮24的这一部分动力通过电动机/发电机22进行控制。实际上，通过电动机/发电机22供给至中心齿轮26的阻力(resistance)越小，传递至车轮24的动力将越小。
这一模式使得ICE 18能够用于通过逐渐地改变由电动机/发电机22供给的阻力而逐渐地使车辆开始移动。当然，本领域技术人员将容易地了解到，其他参数应该被控制为逐渐地使得车辆开始移动。这些参数包括例如ICE 18的转速和发出的动力，电动机/发电机22的转速和转动方向。
也应该指出的是，当混合动力变速器处于这一模式下时，牵引电机20可参与为车辆提供动力(并联混合动力)或不参与。
混合动力变速器10如图3所示处于其串联混合动力模式。更具体地说，第一电磁离合器部分14的可移动盘38没有接合，第二电磁离合器部分16的可移动盘42接合至板58，将环形齿轮36连接至行星齿轮30，因此经由轴34连接至ICE 18。这一接合通过激活该线圈46而实现。因此，环形齿轮36以与行星齿轮30和中心齿轮26相同的速度进行转动。由ICE 18发出的整个动力因此被传送至中心齿轮26并且因此经由轴28传送至电动机/发电机22。该电动机/发电机22因此可在充电模式下操作以对车辆的电池(未示出)进行再充电，牵引电机20可用于推进车辆。
混合动力变速器10如图4所示处于完全电力模式。更具体地说，第一电磁离合器部分14的可移动盘38接合至板56，因此将电动机/发电机22的轴28互连至牵引电机20的轴48。这一互连是通过激活第二电磁离合器部分14的线圈40而实现。牵引电机20和电动机/发电机22二者因此可参与对车轮24的转动提供动力。这一模式也可用于例如使车辆减速并且通过将牵引电机20和电动机/发电机设置在充电状态而对电池(未示出)进行再充电。这一模式的另一潜在用途是在不接合ICE 18的情况下爬上相对陡的小坡。
混合动力变速器10如图5所示处于其串联/并联混合动力模式。更具体地说，第一电磁离合器部分14的可移动盘38接合至板56，因此将电动机/发电机22的轴28互连至牵引电机20的轴48。这一互连通过激活该线圈40而实现。第二电磁离合器部分16的可移动盘42接合至板58，将环形齿轮36连接至行星齿轮30并因此经由轴34连接至ICE 18。这一接合通过激活该线圈46而实现。
当混合动力变速器10处于图5的串联/并联混合动力模式时，ICE 18、牵引电机20和电动机/发电机22可参与对车辆的车轮24提供动力。电动机/发电机22能够可选择地对电池(未示出)再充电，只要将其设置在充电状态。此外，电动机/发电机22可以是空转(freewheeling)。应该指出的是，如果第二电磁离合器部分16的可移动盘42接合至板56，经由板56将环形齿轮36连接至中心齿轮26，那么可实现相同结果。当变速器从图2的并联混合动力模式切换至图5的串联/并联模式时，可以使得可移动盘42接合至板56。
应该指出的是，当混合动力变速器处于串联/并联混合动力模式时，电动机/发电机22可以是空转，即，电动机/发电机22没有产生动力也没有使用动力。当在这种情况下，由ICE 18产生的动力被传递至车轮24。
本领域技术人员可知，可在车辆移动时实现在图1至5所示的混合动力变速器模式之间切换。但是，为了使得车辆进行正确的操作，应该正确地控制混合动力驱动系的所有部件，例如通过共用控制器(未示出)。作为实例，在混合动力变速器从图1的空挡模式切换至图4的完全电动模式之前，轴28和48的转速应该匹配。
作为模式切换的实例，当车辆没有移动时，变速器10可设置在图2的并联模式下，从而经由ICE、牵引电机20和/或电动机/发电机22逐渐地使车辆移动，并且使得车辆达到理想滑行速度。一旦达到这一速度，那么变速器10可切换至图5的串联/并联模式，从而允许ICE 18在电动机/发电机22没有发生作用的情况下驱动该车辆。当然，如上所述，电动机/发电机22也在该模式下可用于牵引或者可对电池再充电。
现在参照附图中的图6，将说明根据本发明第二示例性实施例的混合动力变速器100。应该指出的是，由于混合动力变速器100非常类似于图1至5的混合动力变速器10，下面将为了简洁的目的讨论这些变速器之间的差异。应该指出的是，使用相同的附图标记指代相同的元件。
图6的变速器100与图1至5的变速器10之间的主要差异在于变速器10的第一电磁离合器部分14没有设置在变速器100中。另一差异在于，变速器10的三位置离合器部分16已经设置有与环形齿轮36相关的双可移动盘102-104从而形成四位置离合器。第一可移动盘102如图6所示处于空挡位置，可在激活该线圈44时接合至表面56。类似地，第二可移动盘104如图6所示处于空挡位置，可在激活该线圈46的同时接合至表面58。
本领域技术人员可容易得知，变速器100可在激活该线圈44的同时设定处于并联混合动力模式，并且在激活该线圈46的同时处于串联混合动力模式。此外，在两个线圈44和46都被激活的情况下，ICE 18在没有电动机/发电机22干预的情况下直接地连接至车轮24。这一直接连接对于例如高速行驶是有用的。
现在参照附图中的图7，将说明根据本发明第三示例性实施例的混合动力变速器200。应该指出的是，因为混合动力变速器200非常类似于图1至5的混合动力变速器10，所以为了简洁的目的，将在下文说明这些变速器之间的差异。也应该指出的是，相同的附图标记用于指代相同的元件。
图7的变速器200与图1至5的变速器10之间的主要差异在于变速器10的三位置第二电磁离合器部分16的线圈46没有设置在变速器100中以形成双位置离合器部分16’。
本领域技术人员容易得知，变速器200可在激活该线圈44的同时处于并联混合动力模式下，在激活该线圈44的同时处于完全电动模式下。在该模式下，电动机/发电机22可根据车辆的条件和要求设置在发电机模式或电动机模式下。
此外，如果激活线圈44和40二者，那么混合动力变速器200可设置在串联/并联混合动力模式下。
应该指出的是，附图是非常示意性的，需要其他元件以正确地操作混合动力变速器10和其相关混合动力车辆。例如，对于混合动力变速器10的各个元件以及ICE、牵引电机20和电动机/发电机22设置具有用户控制(未示出)和连接的控制器(未示出)是有利的。
也应该指出的是，即使上述说明指代包括电磁线圈作为致动器的磁性离合器，也可使用例如爪式离合器的其他类型离合器。当然，当使用磁性离合器部分时，可移动元件38和42有利地包含易受磁性影响的材料从而正确地与致动器配合。
虽然已经在这里示出并说明三个不同的示例性实施例，但是应该指出的是这些实施例的特征可以是混合的。
应该指出的是，本发明的应用并不局限于附图所示和上文所述的结构和部件的详细情况。本发明也可采用其他实施例并且可采用各种方式实现。也应该理解的是，这里使用的词组或术语是为了说明的目的并且并非为了进行限制。因此，虽然已经通过示例性实施例在上文中说明本发明，但是可以在不脱离所附权利要求限定的主题的精髓、范围和本质的情况下进行改进。

Claims (19)

1、一种用于设置有至少一个驱动轮的车辆的混合动力驱动系，该混合动力驱动系包括：
具有连接至车辆的至少一个驱动轮的可转动轴的牵引电机；
具有可转动轴的电动机/发电机；
具有可转动轴的内燃机；
行星齿轮结构，包括与电动机/发电机的可转动轴相关联的中心齿轮、与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的行星托架以及环形齿轮；
离合器组件具有与行星齿轮结构的中心齿轮相关联的第一可移动元件、与行星齿轮结构的环形齿轮相关联的第二可移动元件以及与至少一个驱动轮相关联的固定元件；第一可移动元件可在第一可移动元件空转的第一位置与第一可移动元件和固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动；第二可移动元件可在第二可移动元件空转的第一位置与第二可移动元件和固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动。
2、根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，牵引电机的可转动轴通过差动结构连接至车辆的至少一个驱动轮。
3、根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，电动机/发电机的可转动轴和牵引电机的可转动轴是同心的。
4、根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，固定元件由安装至牵引电机的可转动轴的板进行限定。
5、根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，离合器组件设置有第一致动器，其设置成在第一和第二位置之间选择性地移动第一可移动元件。
6、根据权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第一致动器包括电磁线圈，其中，第一可移动元件包括易受磁性作用的材料。
7、根据权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，离合器组件设置有第二致动器，其设置成在第一和第二位置之间选择性地移动第二可移动元件。
8、根据权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第二致动器包括电磁线圈，其中，第二可移动元件包括易受磁性影响的材料。
9、根据权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，该离合器还包括与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的第二固定元件；该离合器组件的第二可移动元件可在第一、第二与第三位置之间移动，其中，第二可移动元件与第二固定元件连接。
10、根据权利要求9所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，离合器组件设置有第三致动器，其设置成在第一、第二与第三位置之间选择性地移动该第二可移动元件。
11、根据权利要求10所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第三致动器包括第一和第二电磁线圈，其中，第二可移动元件包括易受磁性影响的材料。
12、根据权利要求11所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第一电磁线圈与固定元件相关联，第二电磁线圈与第二固定元件相关联。
13、一种用于设置有至少一个驱动轮的车辆的混合动力驱动系，该混合动力驱动系包括：
具有连接至车辆的至少一个驱动轮的可转动轴的牵引电机；
具有可转动轴的电动机/发电机；
具有可转动轴的内燃机；
行星齿轮结构，包括与电动机/发电机的可转动轴相关联的中心齿轮、与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的行星托架以及环形齿轮；
离合器组件具有与行星齿轮结构的行星齿轮相关联的第一和第二可移动元件、与至少一个驱动轮相关联的第一固定元件和与内燃机的可转动轴相关联的第二固定元件；第一可移动元件可在第一可移动元件空转的第一位置与第一可移动元件和第一固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动；第二可移动元件可在第二可移动元件空转的第一位置与第二可移动元件和第二固定元件连接的第二位置之间移动。
14、根据权利要求13所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，离合器组件设置有第一致动器，其设置成在第一和第二位置之间选择性地移动第一可移动元件。
15、根据权利要求14所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第一致动器包括第一电磁线圈，其中，第二可移动元件包括易受磁性作用的材料。
16、根据权利要求15所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第一电磁线圈与第一固定元件相关联。
17、根据权利要求14所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，离合器组件设置有第二致动器，其设置成在第一和第二位置之间选择性地移动第二可移动元件。
18、根据权利要求17所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第二致动器包括第二电磁线圈，其中，第二可移动元件包括易受磁性影响的材料。
19、根据权利要求18所述的混合动力驱动系，其中，第二电磁线圈与第二固定元件相关联。
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