CN104057945A - 用于电动车辆的功率分流变速器的控制方法 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆的功率分流变速器的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN104057945A
CN104057945A CN201410108588.2A CN201410108588A CN104057945A CN 104057945 A CN104057945 A CN 104057945A CN 201410108588 A CN201410108588 A CN 201410108588A CN 104057945 A CN104057945 A CN 104057945A
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change
driving engine
speed box
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CN104057945B (zh
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道格拉斯·R·马丁
沃尔特·J·奥特曼
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于控制功率分流变速器的方法，该方法包括：如果存在发动机转矩请求，则将发动机连接于变速器；如果不存在发动机转矩请求且发动机是开启的，则将电动机连接于变速器；以及如果发动机是关闭的，则将发动机和电动机从变速器上断开，并使用牵引电动机来产生车轮转矩。

Description

用于电动车辆的功率分流变速器的控制方法
技术领域
本发明总体涉及一种用于电动车辆的功率分流动力系统，以及尤其涉及行星齿轮组的运行控制。
背景技术
燃料经济性在混合动力电动车（HEV）中是关键的。始终旋转行星齿轮会由于摩擦损失而消耗能量，其负面地影响了燃料经济性。
HEV的动力系统包括发动机、电动机/发电机和动力电池，其中发动机和电动机能够单独地驱动车轮，发动机通过作为发电机运行的电机为动力电池充电，以及车辆的动能能够利用车轮制动器来恢复并再生，从而驱动发电机并且给电池再充电。
在插入式混合动力车辆（PHEV）的动力系统中，显著地增加了动力电池的容量使得能够使用源自电网的电能来驱动车辆。因此，有望更多地使用电力驱动。当发动机关闭时，发电机与车轮转速的直接连接引起发电机轴随着车辆移动而旋转。这会导致几个问题，包括（i）当车辆速度增加时，发电机速度变得过高，导致轴承、行星齿轮组和发电机的耐久性问题；（ii）降低了启动发动机所需的可用转矩；（iii）由于发电机没有被使用，其会产生不必要的旋转损失，以及（iv）在发动机运转的倒档中，电动机必须反应，从而减小提供给车轮的转矩。
发明内容
一种用于控制功率分流变速器的方法，包括：如果存在发动机转矩请求，则将发动机连接于变速器；如果不存在发动机转矩请求且发动机是打开的，则将电动机连接于变速器；如果发动机是关闭的，则将发动机和电动机从变速器上断开，并使用牵引电动机来产生车轮转矩。
每当车辆移动或发动机旋转时，传统的功率分流动力传动系统使行星齿轮组旋转。本控制方法将硬件设置为串联式混合配置，但并不操作。发电机和发动机直至重新设置为功率分流操作模式才转动。在此操作期间，通过牵引电动机处理车轮转矩和再生。
该控制方法将行星齿轮组断开以避免损失并提高燃料经济性，其当最大化地轻轻松开油门“巡航”（tip-out"sailing"）时是尤其有用的。
动力系统从牵引电动机向车轮提供全部转矩，相对于单个模式的功率分流动力系统是有利的。
动力系统提供了高的燃料经济性，和具有提高的牵引和车辆起步能力（vehicle launch capability）的功率分流动力系统的可操控性（driveability）。
从下述详细的说明书、权利要求书和说明书附图可知，优选实施例的适用范围是明显的。应当知道的是，说明书和具体的实施例，虽然指示了本发明的优选实施例，但是其仅通过图解方式给出。对于本领域技术人员来讲，描述的实施例显然可以做各种更改和修饰。
附图说明
通过参考以下描述，结合附图来更容易地理解本发明，其中：
图1是HEV动力系统的示意图；
图2是显示控制图1的动力系统的离合器的接合状态和断开状态的图表。
图3是HEV动力系统的示意图；
图4是显示控制图3的动力系统的离合器的接合状态和断开状态的图表。
图5是HEV动力系统的示意图；
图6是显示控制图5的动力系统的离合器的接合状态和断开状态的图表。
图7是HEV动力系统的示意图；
图8是显示控制图7的动力系统的离合器的接合状态和断开状态的图表。
图9是控制算法的逻辑流程图。
具体实施方式
首先参见图1，动力系统10包括：如内燃机12这样的动力源，例如柴油发动机或汽油发动机；第一行星齿轮组14；电动机16；副轴齿轮装置（layshaft gearing）18；差动机构20；发电机22；中间轴（countershaft）24，其可驱动地连接于差动机构20、输出小齿轮40和电动机16；以及第二行星齿轮组26。每个电机16、22均为电动-发电机（motor-generator），尽管通常电机16被称为电动机（motor）或牵引电动机（traction motor），以及电机22被称为发电机。
行星齿轮组14的太阳齿轮27通过离合器28与发电机22连接。行星齿轮组14的托架32由离合器30通过扭振减振器（torsion damper）34和轴36连接于发动机12。齿轮组14的环形齿轮39通过形成副轴齿轮副40-42的啮合的输出小齿轮40和齿轮42可驱动地连接于中间轴24。支承在托架32上的行星小齿轮43连续啮合于环形齿轮39和太阳齿轮27。
电动机16的转子44通过齿轮副46-48连接于中间轴24。
电动机16通过逆变器52和高压DC/DC（直流/直流）转换器54电连接于动力电池50。同样地，发电机22通过逆变器56和转换器54电连接于电池50。
通过差动机构20的小齿轮60和环形齿轮62连接中间轴24，差动机构20通过半轴（halfshaft）或驱动轴68、70（axle shaft）向车轮64、66传输功率。
油泵72通过小齿轮74和齿轮76可驱动地连接于轴36和发动机输出。
行星齿轮组26的太阳齿轮80通过离合器82连接于发电机22。行星齿轮组26的托架86由离合器84通过扭振减振器34和轴36连接于发动机12。齿轮组26的环形齿轮88被固定防止旋转，因为其与箱90连接。支承在托架86上的行星小齿轮92连续啮合于环形齿轮88和太阳齿轮80。
当接合离合器28、30且断开离合器82、84时，动力系统10以功率分流模式操作。发动机12通过离合器30连接于托架32，以及发电机22的转子通过离合器28连接于太阳齿轮27。在功率分流操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以及——如果电池50为发电机提供电能——由发电机26产生的功率通过齿轮组14和齿轮副40-42传输至中间轴24，以及通过齿轮副46-48将电动机16产生的功率传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将来自发动机12、电动机16和发电机22的功率传输至差动机构20，其通过轴68、70差动地将功率传输至车轮64、66。在将发电机22作为电力发电机运行的功率分流操作中，发动机12向发电机22提供功率，从而允许电池50被再充电。
当断开离合器28、30且接合离合器82、84时，动力系统10以串联模式操作。发动机12通过离合器84连接至齿轮组26的托架86，太阳齿轮80相对于发动机12的速度是超速转动的，以及离合器82将超速转动的太阳齿轮80连接至发电机22的转子。在串联操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以相对高的速度驱动发电机26，从而再充电电池50，以及电动机16产生的功率通过齿轮副46-48传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将由电动机16产生的功率传输至差动机构20。
在图3中，去除了离合器84，从而通过轴36和扭振减振器34直接地、连续地将齿轮组26的托架86连接至发动机12。当接合离合器28、30且断开离合器82时，图3的动力系统94以功率分流模式操作。发动机12通过离合器30连接至托架32，以及发电机22的转子通过离合器28连接至太阳齿轮27。在功率分流操作中，通过齿轮组14和齿轮副40-42将由发动机12和发电机26产生的功率传输至中间轴24，以及通过齿轮副46-48将由电动机16产生的功率传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将来自发动机12、电动机16和发电机22的功率传输至差动机构20。在将发电机22作为电力发电机运行的功率分流操作中，发动机12向发电机22提供功率，从而允许电池50被再充电。
当断开离合器28、30且接合离合器82时，图3的动力系统94以串联模式操作。发动机12直接地连接于齿轮组26的托架86，太阳齿轮80和发电机的转子相对于发动机12的速度是超速转动的，以及离合器82将超速转动的太阳齿轮80连接至发电机22的转子。在串联操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以相对高的速度驱动发电机26，从而再充电电池50，以及电动机16产生的功率通过齿轮副46-48传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将由电动机16产生的功率传输至差动机构20。
在图5中，离合器84是存在的，但去除了离合器82，从而直接地、连续地将齿轮组26的太阳齿轮80连接至发电机22的转子。当接合离合器28、30且断开离合器84时，图5的动力系统96以功率分流模式操作。发动机12通过离合器30连接于托架32，以及发电机22的转子通过离合器28连接于太阳齿轮27。在功率分流操作中，通过齿轮组14和齿轮副40-42将由发动机12和发电机26产生的功率传输至中间轴24，以及通过齿轮副46-48将由电动机16产生的功率传输至中间轴24。最终的传动齿轮副60-62将来自发动机12、电动机16和发电机22的功率传输至差动机构20。在将发电机22作为电动发电机运行的功率分流操作中，发动机12向发电机22提供功率，从而允许电池50被再充电。
当断开离合器28、30且接合离合器84时，图5的动力系统96以串联模式操作。发动机12通过离合器84连接于齿轮组26的托架86，太阳齿轮80相对于发动机12的速度是超速转动的且直接地连接于发电机22的转子。在串联操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以相对高的速度驱动发电机22，从而再充电电池50，以及通过齿轮副46-48将由电动机16产生的功率传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将电动机16产生的功率传输至差动机构20。
图7的动力系统98包括：轴102，其连接于发电机22的转子；小齿轮100，与小齿轮102啮合的齿轮104；第二中间轴106，其固定至齿轮104和小齿轮108；齿轮110，其与小齿轮108啮合；用于打开和关闭轴36和齿轮110之间的传动连接的离合器112；用于打开和关闭轴36和齿轮组14的托架32之间的传动连接的离合器114；用于打开和关闭太阳齿轮27和轴102之间的传动连接的离合器116；以及用于打开和关闭轴102和小齿轮100之间的传动连接的离合器118。
当接合离合器114、116且断开离合器112、118时，动力系统98以功率分流模式驱动。发动机12通过离合器112连接于托架32，以及发电机22的转子通过离合器116连接于太阳齿轮27。在功率分流操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以及——如果电池50为发电机提供电能——由发电机26产生的功率通过齿轮组14和齿轮副40-42传输至中间轴24，以及通过齿轮副46-48将电动机16产生的功率传输至中间轴24。最终传动齿轮副60-62将来自发动机12、电动机16和发电机22的功率传输至差动机构20，其通过轴68、70差动地将功率传输至车轮64、66。在将发电机22作为电力发电机运行的功率分流操作中，发动机12向发电机22提供功率，从而允许电池50被再充电。
当接合离合器112、118且断开离合器114、116时，动力系统98以串联模式操作。发动机12通过离合器112、齿轮110、小齿轮108、中间轴106、齿轮104、小齿轮100和轴102连接至发电机22的转子，其相对于发动机12的速度是超速转动的。在串联操作中，由发动机12产生的功率以相对高的速度驱动发电机26，从而再充电电池50，以及电动机16产生的功率通过齿轮副46-48传输至中间轴24。最终的传动齿轮副60-62将由电动机16产生的功率传输至差动机构20。
图9是描绘了用于断开行星齿轮组14的控制算法的逻辑流程图，其断开避免了损失并改善了燃料经济性。在步骤130处，执行测试以确定是否需要来自发动机12的转矩。如果测试130的结果逻辑上为否，那么在步骤132处执行测试以确定发动机12是否是关闭的。
如果测试130的结果逻辑上为是且测试132的结果为否，则在步骤134处接合C2离合器114和C3离合器116，从而在功率分流模式下旋转行星齿轮组14，使得太阳齿轮27通过C3离合器116连接于发电机22以及小齿轮托架32通过C2离合器114连接于发动机12。
在步骤136处，发电机22和牵引电动机16与发动机12一起使用以将转矩传输至从动车轮64、66。此后，控制返回至步骤130。
如果测试132的结果为是，指示不需要发动机的转矩且发动机12是关闭的，则在步骤138处打开C2离合器114和C3离合器116，从而通过C3离合器116使太阳齿轮27从发电机22上断开，以及通过C2离合器114使小齿轮托架32从发动机12上断开。此后，控制返回至步骤130。
在步骤140处，仅使用牵引电动机16将转矩传输至从动车轮64、66以及用于能量再生。
根据专利法的规定，描述的是优选实施例。然而，应当指出的是，除了上述特别说明和描述的以外，替代的实施例也可被实施。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于控制功率分流变速器的方法，其特征在于，包含
（a）如果存在发动机转矩请求，则将发动机连接于变速器；
（b）如果不存在发动机转矩请求且发动机是开启的，则将电动机连接于变速器；
（c）如果发动机是关闭的，则将发动机和电动机从变速器上断开，并使用牵引电动机来产生车轮转矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（a）进一步包含接合第一离合器，该第一离合器交替地打开和关闭发动机和变速器的第一部件之间的传动连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（a）进一步包含关闭发动机和变速器的托架之间的传动连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（b）进一步包含接合第二离合器，该第二离合器交替地打开和关闭电动机和变速器的第二部件之间的传动连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（b）进一步包含关闭电动机和变速器的太阳齿轮之间的传动连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（a）和（b）进一步包含将变速器的第三部件传动地连接于从动车轮。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（a）和（b）进一步包含将变速器的环形齿轮传动地连接于从动车轮。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，使用牵引电动机来产生车轮转矩进一步包含绕过变速器将牵引电动机传动地连接至从动车轮。
9.一种用于控制功率分流变速器的方法，其特征在于，包含
（a）如果存在发动机转矩请求，则通过接合第一离合器来将发动机的功率传输至变速器的第一部件；
（b）如果不存在发动机转矩请求且发动机是开启的，则将通过接合第二离合器来将电动机的功率连接至变速器的第二部件；
（c）如果发动机是关闭的，则断开所述离合器，并使用牵引电动机来产生车轮转矩。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤（a）进一步包含关闭发动机和变速器的托架之间的传动连接。
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