CN101438710B - Method for saving frozen loquat fruit - Google Patents
Method for saving frozen loquat fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101438710B CN101438710B CN2008100724690A CN200810072469A CN101438710B CN 101438710 B CN101438710 B CN 101438710B CN 2008100724690 A CN2008100724690 A CN 2008100724690A CN 200810072469 A CN200810072469 A CN 200810072469A CN 101438710 B CN101438710 B CN 101438710B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rescue method for frozen loquat fruits. The rescue method adopts the reagents of GA3, forchlorfenuron and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetate to be evenly mixed; then GA3, the forchlorfenuron and the 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetate are prepared into 25 times liquid with absolute alcohol, and a small vessel with certain volume is prepared for packing; the 200-250 times water is usedwhen the reagents are used; during the using process, the frozen loquat fruits are sprayed through a hand-held spray can or a knapsack sprayer until the frozen loquat fruits are wet, and the frozen loquat fruits are sprayed once every 20-30 days, twice for each spray; and the production management is carried out according to the normal daily management of the loquat garden. The rescue method has the advantages of scientific and reasonable reagent formula, simple implementation method, low implementation cost, obvious effect of rescuing the frozen loquat fruits, significant effect to the loss reduction caused by freezing damage, ensured fruit quality, realized economic outputs, remarkable economic benefit and feasible large-scale popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, more specifically relate to a kind of rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold.
Background technology
Loquat is China's distinctive rare fruit in south, Winter blooming, and the spring knot, early summer is ripe, holds 4 o'clock rain and dew, is " solely being equipped with the seasonal pathogens,exopathogens person in the fruit "; Its pulp soft and succulency, moderately sour and sweet, delicious flavour is described as " emperor in the fruit ".Analyze according to Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences's clone; Per 100 grams of the edible part of loquat contain protein 0.4 gram, fat 0.1 gram, carbohydrate 7 grams, raw fiber 0.8 gram, ash content 0.5 gram, 22 milligrams of calcium, 32 milligrams in phosphorus, 0.3 milligram of iron, 3 milligrams of vitamin Cs, 1.33 milligrams of carotenoid; Wherein calcium, phosphorus and carotin are significantly higher than other common fruit, and contain necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body.Loquat is delicious flavour not only, and is nutritious, and has very high health care to be worth.Compendium of Material Medica record " loquat can moisturizing viscera, grow cardiopulmonary ", traditional Chinese medical science tradition think, there are expelling phlegm and arresting coughing, promoting production of body fluid and nourishing the lung, effect that heat-clearing is good for the stomach in the Loquat-Shaped Cake.And modern medicine more proves, contains anti-cancer, cancer-resisting substances such as abundant vitamin, amygdalin and Bai Lu pears alcohol in the Loquat-Shaped Cake.
Loquat blooms to January next year October, if meet-3 ℃ and following low temperature, flower and young fruit will be endured cold, and the back pulp of enduring cold can not be reached maturity because of not from the hormone supply of seed.The loquat production process, enduring cold below-3 ℃ generally occurred in by the end of December at the beginning of 2 months, loquat generally flower and fruit thinning finish, endure cold this moment, influence fruit growth and then annual production is worked as in influence, serious even have no harvest.But the rescue method after enduring cold for loquat in the prior art does not almost have, even have, but also imperfection is ripe for method, and it is not good to save effect yet, does not have production application to be worth.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold, reagent combination is scientific and reasonable, and implementation method is simple; Implementation cost is cheap, and it is obvious to save the loquat effect of enduring cold, and the loss that the minimizing freeze injury causes has remarkable effect; And can guarantee fruit quality; Guarantee economic flow rate, have remarkable economic efficiency, be fit to produce and apply on a large scale.
The rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold of the present invention is: the medicament that adopts in the said method is: according to mass fraction with GA
320-50 part, CPPU 1-3 part, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-5 part mix; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; When using, converts said medicament the water 200-250 use of doubly spraying.With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed, to squirt degree of being, spray in every separated 20-30 days is once sprayed 2-4 time; Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) invention personnel of the present invention have developed a kind of rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold through carrying out the redemption research of the loquat of enduring cold, to reducing orchard worker's loss and promoting China's loquat industry development to play an important role.
(2) after loquat is endured cold, seed is operated or death in the fruit, and the hormone that fruit produces from seed reduces or disappears; Influenced growing of the loquat of enduring cold; If do not take any measure, the serious fruit of enduring cold can't normal development, and major part comes off; What do not come off has also just formed little and has not had the fruit of commodity value, and serious then No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity.Through spraying the external source growth regulator; Can improve hormonal readiness in the pulp; Can impel the fruit continuation of enduring cold to grow the loquat that is formed with commodity value, this has important function to reducing influence, the minimizing orchard worker loss of loquat being produced owing to this unavoidable natural disaster of extreme low temperature.
(3) rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold of the present invention; Through the balanced proportioning of external source growth regulators such as the basic element of cell division, growth hormone, the loquat that promoted to endure cold is back to growth conditions rapidly, sees through mill trial results; The Loquat Garden of enduring cold is reduced the loss significantly; The high rake fruit of results commodity, output is higher simultaneously, obtains higher income.And often fruit growth is poor in the untreated orchard of enduring cold, and the orchard worker have to all wipe out, and the fruit single fruit weight of the orchard results of not wiping out is little, commodity is lower, does not also have economic flow rate, does not have the commodity income basically.It is thus clear that, after loquat is endured cold, handle and can obtain through this method, and medicament expense is lower than good yield, every mu only needs about 50 yuan, and the economic loss of retrieving can reach hundreds of to thousands of units, this has remarkable effect for the loss that the minimizing freeze injury causes; Reagent combination is scientific and reasonable, and implementation method is simple, and implementation cost is cheap; The redemption loquat effect of enduring cold is obvious, and the loss that few freeze injury causes has remarkable effect, and can improve fruit quality; Guarantee output, have remarkable economic efficiency, be fit to large-scale production and apply.
Embodiment
The classification whether fruit of enduring cold is saved is confirmed:
In 15-20 after loquat is endured cold days, the loquat of enduring cold is observed, the fruit of enduring cold is classified according to following characteristic and taked corresponding measure.
Loquat to enduring cold mainly is categorized as:
(1) the normal loquat (seed, pulp colour normal) of not enduring cold, available this method is saved, carry out this measure after, do not have poisoning, the effect that increases fruit is arranged simultaneously.
(2) loquat (seed little brown, pulp is normal) of slightly enduring cold, available this method is saved.
(3) the moderate loquat (the complete browning of seed, pulp normal) of enduring cold, available this method is saved.
(4) loquat (the complete browning of seed, pulp less partly browning) of seriously enduring cold, available this method is saved.
(5) the dead loquat (pulp, seed all fully browning) of enduring cold does not have to save and is worth, and directly wipes out the fruit ear of enduring cold.
Rescue method:
With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed, to squirt degree of being, spray in every separated 20-30 days is once sprayed 2-4 time.Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
The medicament that adopts is: according to parts by weight with GA
320-50 part, CPPU 1-3 part, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-5 part mix; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; Converting water 200-250 when said medicament uses doubly uses.
Below be the specific embodiment of carrying of the present invention, further specify the present invention, but the present invention be not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed,, whenever at a distance from spray in 30 days once, spray 2 times to squirt degree of being.Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
The medicament that adopts is: according to mass fraction with GA
320 parts, 1 part of CPPU, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mix for 2 parts; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; When using, converts said medicament 250 times of uses of water.
To the normal loquat of not enduring cold, seed, pulp colour are normal, save, carry out this measure after, do not have poisoning, the effect that increases fruit is arranged simultaneously; Or to the loquat of slightly enduring cold, little brown, the pulp of seed is normally saved.
Embodiment 2
With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed,, whenever at a distance from spray in 20 days once, spray 4 times to squirt degree of being.Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
The medicament that adopts is: according to mass fraction with GA
350 parts, 3 parts of CPPUs, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mix for 5 parts; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; When using, converts said medicament 200 times of uses of water.
The loquat of seriously enduring cold (the complete browning of seed, pulp is the part browning less) is saved.
Embodiment 3
With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed,, whenever at a distance from spray in 25 days once, spray 3 times to squirt degree of being.Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
The medicament that adopts is: according to mass fraction with GA
330 parts, 2 parts of CPPUs, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mix for 4 parts; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; When using, converts said medicament 220 times of uses of water.
The moderate loquat (the complete browning of seed, pulp normal) of enduring cold is saved.
Below be redemption effect experiment of the present invention, specify implementation result of the present invention
The influence of 1, the normal loquat of not enduring cold being grown
The loquat kind that test is adopted is the main loquat kind " early No. 6, clock " of planting in Fujian Province, contrast as medicament with 0.5 ‰ solution of " GA3 and CPPU " 6: 1 ratios, be blank with what do not spray clear water, below all with identical.
Table 1 shows that the normal loquat single fruit weight average comparison of two kinds of chemicals treatment of spray is according to high, and the fruit shape index comparison is according to big.The fruit type of chemicals treatment is described, and contrast is long slightly, and maturing stage and contrast there were significant differences.Explain that chemicals treatment has no adverse effect to normal loquat, the growth that simultaneously can urge normal loquat, form single fruit weight more greatly, oblong slightly fruit, but the maturation time of fruit is not had obvious influence.
Through spray " is saved 200 times of liquid of medicament " and spray " GA
3+ CPPU " the data contrast of two kinds of processing finds that " saving 200 times of liquid of medicament " is better than " GA to the effect of single fruit weight
3+ CPPU ", fruit shape index is then opposite, and the former explains that less than the latter fruit that spray " 200 times of liquid of redemption medicament " forms sprays " GA
3+ CPPU " weak point.
Table 1 is saved the influence of medicament to the normal loquat growth of not enduring cold
| Handle | Fruit-setting rate (%) | Fruit shape index | Single fruit weight (g) |
| ?GA 3+CPPU | 100.0 | 1.33 | 55.7 |
| 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray | 100.0 | 1.32 | 59.2 |
| Contrast (clear water) | 100.0 | 1.30 | 50.7 |
Annotate: " the GA in the table
3+ CPPU " medicament is GA
30.5 ‰ solution with 6: 1 ratios of CPPU.Fruit shape index is that fruit is vertical, the ratio of transverse diameter.
The influence of 2, the loquat of slightly enduring cold being grown
Table 2 shows, the loquat fruit-setting rate of slightly enduring cold of two kinds of chemicals treatment of spray is increased to 97.2% and 100% from 45.1%, and the comparison of single fruit weight average is according to high, and fruit shape index is also compared according to big, and the maturing stage, there were significant differences with contrast.Explain that the loquat of slightly enduring cold after chemicals treatment, both can improve fruit-setting rate, can promote the fruit growth of enduring cold again, but the maturation time of fruit is not had obvious influence.
Through spray " is saved 200 times of liquid of medicament " and spray " GA
3+ CPPU " the data contrast of two kinds of processing finds that " saving 200 times of liquid of medicament " is better than " GA to the effect of fruit-setting rate
3+ CPPU ", and more obvious to the influence of single fruit weight effect, being respectively 40.1g and 49.0g, fruit shape index is then opposite, and the former explains that less than the latter loquat spray " 200 times of liquid of redemption medicament " of slightly enduring cold is than spray " GA
3+ CPPU " fruit-setting rate is high slightly, single fruit weight is bigger, fruit shape is short slightly.
Table 2 is saved the influence of medicament to the loquat growth of slightly enduring cold
| Handle | Fruit-setting rate (%) | Fruit shape index | Single fruit weight (g) |
| ?GA 3+CPPU | 97.2 | 1.39 | 40.1 |
| 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray | 100.0 | 1.37 | 49.0 |
| Contrast (clear water) | 45.1 | 1.36 | 33.4 |
3, to the endure cold influence of loquat growth of moderate
Can find that from table 3 the loquat fruit-setting rate that moderate is endured cold is lower, only has 21.5%, single fruit weight only has 21.2g, and fruit shape index is 1.40.The loquat fruit-setting rate that the moderate of two kinds of chemicals treatment of spray is endured cold then reaches 76.6% and 89.4%, and mean fruit weight is all compared according to high, is respectively 34.6g, 43.5g, and the fruit shape index comparison is according to big, and fruit shape index is respectively 1.46,1.42.Explain that the loquat of slightly enduring cold after chemicals treatment, has improved fruit-setting rate, promote to endure cold fruit growth.
Through spray " is saved 200 times of liquid of medicament " and spray " GA
3+ CPPU " the data contrast of two kinds of processing finds that " saving 200 times of liquid of medicament " is 89.4% to fruit-setting rate, effect be better than " GA
3+ CPPU " 76.6%, and comparatively obvious to the influence of single fruit weight effect, be respectively 43.5g and 34.6g, fruit shape index is then opposite, the former (1.42) less than the latter (1.46), explain that the loquat spray of slightly enduring cold " saves 200 times of liquid of medicament " than spray " GA
3+ CPPU " fruit-setting rate is high, single fruit is great, fruit shape is short.
Table 3 is saved medicament to the endure cold influence of loquat growth of moderate
| Handle | Fruit-setting rate (%) | Fruit shape index | Mean fruit weight (g) |
| GA 3+CPPU | 76.6 | 1.46 | 34.6 |
| 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray | 89.4 | 1.42 | 43.5 |
| Contrast (clear water) | 21.5 | 1.40 | 21.2 |
The influence of 4, the loquat of seriously enduring cold being grown
Can find out that from table 4 the loquat fruit-setting rate of seriously enduring cold is very low, only has 6.5%, single fruit weight only has 5.7g, and fruit shape index is 1.46.The loquat fruit-setting rate of seriously enduring cold of two kinds of chemicals treatment of spray then brings up to 58.2% and 78.6% respectively, and mean fruit weight is also compared according to high, is respectively 21.2g, 32.4g, and the fruit shape index comparison is according to big, and fruit shape index is respectively 1.63,1.52.Explain that the loquat of slightly enduring cold after chemicals treatment, has improved fruit-setting rate, promote seriously to endure cold fruit development.
Through spray " is saved 200 times of liquid of medicament " and spray " GA
3+ CPPU " the data contrast of two kinds of processing finds that " saving 200 times of liquid of medicament " fruit-setting rate (78.6%) is higher than " GA
3+ CPPU " (58.2%), and single fruit weight (32.4g) also obviously is better than the latter (21.2g), fruit shape index is then opposite, the former (1.52) less than the latter (1.63), explain that the loquat spray of seriously enduring cold " saves 200 times of liquid of medicament " than spray " GA
3+ CPPU " fruit-setting rate is high, single fruit is great, fruit shape is short.
Table 4 is saved the influence of medicament to the loquat growth of seriously enduring cold
| Handle | Percentage of fertile fruit (%) | Fruit shape index | Mean fruit weight (g) |
| ?GA 3+CPPU | 58.2 | 1.63 | ?21.2 |
| 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray | 78.6 | 1.52 | ?32.4 |
| Contrast (clear water) | 6.5 | 1.46 | ?5.7 |
Three, this method is to the influence of the commodity of the loquat of enduring cold
1, chemicals treatment is to the influence of fruit properties
For the understanding loquat of enduring cold forms the quality characteristic of fruit behind remedial measure, behind the fruit maturation of different disposal, analyze (table 5) with the moderate loquat of enduring cold below.From table, can find out that compare through the loquat that the fruit and the normal nothing of chemicals treatment are endured cold, fruit shape index all has increase, explains with normal fruit and compares, and has formed oblong; The normal fruit of single fruit weight is little, and the single fruit weight that 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray is 43.5g, is 85.8% of normal fruit; The normal fruit of fruit and seed number is few, and seed weight is less than nomospermous 1/10th, and major part is hollow seed.See that from fruit quality the normal fruit of the fruit soluble solids content of enduring cold reduces 0.7-0.9 percentage point, but edible rate has increased more than 23 percentage points the increase of pulp thickness.The above results shows, the normal fruit of the fruit that forms behind the loquat spray pharmacy of enduring cold is compared, fruit is long slightly, nuclear less less, meat is thicker, edible rate improves, and commodity is preferably arranged.
Table 5 chemicals treatment is to the influence of the proterties of loquat growth that moderate is endured cold
| Handle | Fruit shape index | Single fruit weight (g) | Seed number | Monokaryon heavy (g) | Soluble solid content (%) | Edible rate (%) | Pulp thickness (cm) |
| GA 3+CPPU | 1.46 | 34.6 | 2.1 | 0.17 | 10.7 | 88.6 | 1.14 |
| 200 times of liquid of medicament are saved in spray | 1.42 | 43.5 | 2.3 | 0.19 | 10.9 | 87.6 | 1.15 |
| Normal fruit | 1.21 | 50.7 | 5.2 | 2.47 | 11.6 | 63.7 | 0.87 |
2, chemicals treatment is to the influence of fruit properties
For the understanding loquat of enduring cold forms the storing property of fruit behind remedial measure; The moderate loquat of enduring cold is handled the ripening fruits that the back forms through remedial measure, and trust Inst. of Agricultural Engineering technology, Fujian Prov. Academy of Agricultur agro-product processing research center is to having carried out storing property analysis (table 6).From the table can find out, through the loquat that the fruit and the normal nothing of chemicals treatment are endured cold compare preserved 35 days after, what difference is both good fruit rates do not have; All more than 90%; Soluble solid content and total reducing sugar all descend to some extent, and the content of titratable acid all has the bigger range of decrease, and the hardness of fruit all improves a lot; After storage was described, the fruit of enduring cold did not have too big difference with normal fruit on the fruit storage characteristic.
The endure cold physical and chemical index of loquat storage property test of table 6 changes
Claims (2)
1. the rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold, it is characterized in that: the medicament that adopts in the said method is: according to mass fraction with GA
320-50 part, CPPU 1-3 part, 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-5 part mix; Be made into 25 times of liquid with absolute alcohol again; When using, said medicament field converts water 200-250 doubly in fruit face spray application;
With hand-held watering can or knapsack sprayer paper the loquat of enduring cold is sprayed, to squirt degree of being, spray in every separated 20-30 days is once sprayed 2-4 time; Production management gets final product by the daily management of normal Loquat Garden.
2. the rescue method of the loquat of enduring cold according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the 15-20 after loquat is endured cold days; Loquat to enduring cold is observed; The fruit of enduring cold is classified according to following characteristic and is taked corresponding measure, said the loquat of enduring cold mainly is categorized as:
(1) the normal loquat of not enduring cold, seed, pulp colour are normal, save with said method, carry out this measure after, do not have poisoning, the effect that increases fruit is arranged simultaneously;
(2) loquat of slightly enduring cold, seed little brown, pulp is normal, save with said method;
(3) the moderate loquat of enduring cold, the complete browning of seed, pulp are normal, save with said method;
(4) loquat of seriously enduring cold, the complete browning of seed, pulp be browning partly less, saves with said method;
(5) the dead loquat of enduring cold, pulp, seed be browning fully all, does not have to save to be worth, and directly wipes out the fruit ear of enduring cold.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100724690A CN101438710B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Method for saving frozen loquat fruit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100724690A CN101438710B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Method for saving frozen loquat fruit |
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| CN101438710A CN101438710A (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| CN101438710B true CN101438710B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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| CN2008100724690A Expired - Fee Related CN101438710B (en) | 2008-12-25 | 2008-12-25 | Method for saving frozen loquat fruit |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1075947A (en) * | 1993-01-16 | 1993-09-08 | 复旦大学 | Nutrient liquid for flower and tree |
| CN1099558A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-03-08 | 张建民 | Phytohormone combination method and phytohormone thereof |
| CN1685821A (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2005-10-26 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Loquat unisexual fruiting induction agent and its use technology |
| WO2005115142A1 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2005-12-08 | Valent Biosciences Corporation | Stable and water-soluble plant growth regulator liquid compositions and methods for use of same |
-
2008
- 2008-12-25 CN CN2008100724690A patent/CN101438710B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1075947A (en) * | 1993-01-16 | 1993-09-08 | 复旦大学 | Nutrient liquid for flower and tree |
| CN1099558A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1995-03-08 | 张建民 | Phytohormone combination method and phytohormone thereof |
| WO2005115142A1 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2005-12-08 | Valent Biosciences Corporation | Stable and water-soluble plant growth regulator liquid compositions and methods for use of same |
| CN1685821A (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2005-10-26 | 福州市农业科学研究所 | Loquat unisexual fruiting induction agent and its use technology |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| Ashford, R..Effect of frost on the response of spring wheat to 2，4-D.《Weed Science》.1970,第18卷(第2期),235-238. |
| Bradbury, I. K. |
| Bradbury, I. K.;Ashford, R..Effect of frost on the response of spring wheat to 2,4-D.《Weed Science》.1970,第18卷(第2期),235-238. * |
| 张泽煌等.无籽枇杷研究初报.《亚热带植物科学》.2002,第31卷(第1期),2.1节,表1. * |
| 张泽煌等.枇杷果实冻害恢复实验.《中国南方果树》.2004,第33卷(第1期),第33-34页第1、2.4、3节. * |
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