CN112851428A - Water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in apple coloring period and application - Google Patents
Water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in apple coloring period and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112851428A CN112851428A CN202110113271.8A CN202110113271A CN112851428A CN 112851428 A CN112851428 A CN 112851428A CN 202110113271 A CN202110113271 A CN 202110113271A CN 112851428 A CN112851428 A CN 112851428A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period and application thereof; comprises the following raw materials: urea, industrial monoammonium, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea phosphate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, homogentisic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonate, ethylene, sucrose, sodium nitroprusside and genistein; as a water-soluble additional fertilizer, the invention can realize the additional fertilizer in the coloring period of the apples to realize the rapid coloring of the apples, simultaneously takes the solubility of each component in the fertilizer into consideration, and can avoid the influence of the mutual action among the raw materials on the effect of the water-soluble fertilizer due to the precipitation; the method has the advantages that after the bags outside the apples are picked off, the apples can be quickly colored without picking leaves, rotating the apples, thinning flowers and fruits and spreading films, so that the fruits have both appearance and quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period and application thereof.
Background
The apple is a fruit which is popular among the people in China all the time, and along with the gradual increase of the consumption level of the people in China, the requirement of people on the quality of the apple is higher and higher, and the requirement on the appearance is also important. For apples, the beautiful color, smooth skin, and good gloss largely determine the commercial value of the fruit and the economic profit of the farmer. The color of apple fruits is determined by anthocyanin, which is an important secondary metabolite and participates in many aspects of plant growth and development, including attracting animals to feed fruits, further promoting the propagation of seeds and pollen, improving the resistance of plants to ultraviolet rays and drought stress, and the like. In addition, fruits rich in anthocyanin are particularly popular because of their ability to resist oxidation and scavenge active oxygen.
The mainstream cultivation measure for improving fruit coloring in the current market is bagging, namely, a farmer takes off a bag outside an apple at the later growth stage of the apple, namely, the coloring period at the beginning at ordinary times, and then takes off leaves, turns fruits, thins flowers and thins fruits and lays a reflective film, so that the time and labor are wasted, and the taste and flavor of the apple are reduced. Therefore, the fertilizer which has a reasonable formula and can promote the coloring and is suitable for being used in the coloring period of the apples meets the market demand and the national advocated diet and efficiency improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the water-soluble fertilizer which can realize quick coloring of apples without picking leaves, rotating fruits, thinning flowers and thinning fruits and laying films after bags outside the apples are picked off, so that the fruits have both appearance and quality and are suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period and the application.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, industrial monoammonium, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea phosphate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, homogentisic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonate, ethylene, sucrose, sodium nitroprusside and genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-60 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-4 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of urea, 1 part of industrial monoammonium, 17 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 59 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 4 parts of phenylalanine, 3 parts of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 61-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 5-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 14 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 63 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
A water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in an apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 52 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 1.5 parts of tyrosine, 3 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of jasmonate, 2.5 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 6 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
The invention also provides application of the water-soluble fertilizer in preparation of a top dressing fertilizer suitable for the apple coloring period.
The invention is suitable for the apple coloring period, and is used for promoting the coloring of the apples while meeting the growth requirements of the apples; it is known that the color of apple fruit is determined by anthocyanin, and the factors decisive for anthocyanin mainly comprise two aspects, 1, plant secondary metabolic pathway; 2. the effect of phytohormones on the synthesis of fruit anthocyanins; firstly, in the plant secondary metabolic pathway, phenylalanine is a synthetic precursor of anthocyanin, phenylalanine generates cinnamic acid under the catalysis of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamic acid generates coumaroyl Co A under the catalysis of cinnamic acid hydroxylase and p-coumaroyl-Co A ligase, malonyl Co A and coumaroyl Co A generate chalcone under the catalysis of chalcone synthase, and the chalcone generates flavanone, namely naringenin, under the catalysis of chalcone isomerase. Naringenin forms dihydrokaempferol under the catalysis of flavanone 3-hydroxylase, and then forms the quercitrin by the catalysis of flavonoid-3' -hydroxylase, and the quercitrin is further reduced by flavanonol reductase to generate the anthocyanidin. Anthocyanins are produced in anthocyanidins by the action of anthocyanidin synthase, which finally proceeds via uridine diphosphate glucose: the flavonoid-3-O-glycosyltransferase catalyzes the anthocyanidin to be combined with the sugar through a glycosidic bond to generate anthocyanin; further, in plants it is also possible for phenylalanine to be converted to tyrosine for degradation, and homogentisate is an intermediate in the tyrosine degradation pathway, and homogentisate treatment induces anthocyanin synthesis; namely, the anthocyanin can be synthesized by matching the phenylalanine, the phenylalanine and the homogentisic acid so as to promote the coloring of the apples; secondly, through plant hormones, the abscisic acid can improve the activity of related enzymes for anthocyanin synthesis, especially the activity of UFGT, and the combined action of the abscisic acid, jasmonate, gibberellin and ethylene can promote the anthocyanin synthesis of fruits; finally, ethylene is a key factor for regulating the synthesis of anthocyanin in apples and the development of fruit color, and sucrose is the most obvious sugar component for promoting the synthesis of anthocyanin found at present and is a signal substance for inducing the synthesis of anthocyanin. Nitric oxide is a signal molecule widely existing in plants, and can regulate and control the synthesis of anthocyanin, so as to promote the coloring of apples. Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) can be decomposed to generate nitric oxide as an exogenous NO donor, and can be applied to apple in the coloring period to generate nitric oxide as an exogenous NO donor, so that the synthesis of anthocyanin is improved, and the coloring is promoted. Genistein (GNT) can rapidly promote accumulation of anthocyanin in apple fruits; the combination of the ethylene, the sucrose sodium nitroprusside and the genistein can effectively promote the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the coloring of apples. As a water-soluble additional fertilizer, the invention can realize the additional fertilizer in the coloring period of the apples to realize the rapid coloring of the apples, simultaneously takes the solubility of each component in the fertilizer into consideration, and can avoid the influence of the mutual action among the raw materials on the effect of the water-soluble fertilizer due to the precipitation; the method has the advantages that after the bags outside the apples are picked off, the apples can be quickly colored without picking leaves, rotating the apples, thinning flowers and fruits and spreading films, so that the fruits have both appearance and quality.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period and application thereof, which is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, industrial monoammonium, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea phosphate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, homogentisic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonate, ethylene, sucrose, sodium nitroprusside and genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-60 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-4 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of urea, 1 part of industrial monoammonium, 17 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 59 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 4 parts of phenylalanine, 3 parts of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 61-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 5-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 14 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 63 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 52 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 1.5 parts of tyrosine, 3 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of jasmonate, 2.5 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 6 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
The invention also provides application of the water-soluble fertilizer in preparation of a top dressing fertilizer suitable for the apple coloring period.
In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the present invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples. Specific examples are as follows:
example one
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 26 parts of urea, 0.45 part of industrial monoammonium, 21 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 71 parts of potassium nitrate, 3 parts of urea phosphate, 1.5 parts of phenylalanine, 0.8 part of tyrosine, 1.5 parts of homogentisate, 0.8 part of abscisic acid, 4 parts of gibberellin, 5 parts of jasmonate, 1.8 parts of ethylene, 1.5 parts of sucrose, 9 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 0.7 part of genistein.
Example two
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of industrial monoammonium, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 48 parts of potassium nitrate, 0.8 part of urea phosphate, 6 parts of phenylalanine, 4.5 parts of tyrosine, 6.5 parts of homogentisate, 4 parts of abscisic acid, 0.8 part of gibberellin, 0.8 part of jasmonate, 5 parts of ethylene, 5.5 parts of sucrose, 4.5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2.2 parts of genistein.
EXAMPLE III
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 5 parts of phenylalanine, 4 parts of tyrosine, 6 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of sucrose, 5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
Example four
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of urea, 2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 2 parts of phenylalanine, 1 part of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 4 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
EXAMPLE five
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 1.25 parts of industrial monoammonium, 15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 60 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 2.5 parts of tyrosine, 4 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 2.5 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of sucrose, 6.5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
EXAMPLE six
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 16 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 5 parts of phenylalanine, 4 parts of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 4 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
EXAMPLE seven
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of urea, 2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 60 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 2 parts of phenylalanine, 1 part of tyrosine, 4 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
Example eight
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of urea, 1.3 parts of industrial monoammonium, 18 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 55 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.7 parts of urea phosphate, 4 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of tyrosine, 3.5 parts of homogentisate, 1.5 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of jasmonate, 2.6 parts of ethylene, 3.5 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.6 parts of genistein.
Example nine
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of urea, 1 part of industrial monoammonium, 17 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 59 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 4 parts of phenylalanine, 3 parts of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
Example ten
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 61 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 2 parts of phenylalanine, 1 part of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 4 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
EXAMPLE eleven
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of urea, 2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 70 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 5 parts of phenylalanine, 4 parts of tyrosine, 6 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
Example twelve
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22.5 parts of urea, 1.25 parts of industrial monoammonium, 12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 65.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 2.5 parts of tyrosine, 5.5 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1-32 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of cane sugar, 6.5 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
EXAMPLE thirteen
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 14 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 63 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
Example fourteen
The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 52 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 1.5 parts of tyrosine, 3 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of jasmonate, 2.5 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 6 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
The above detailed description is only specific to possible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments, modifications, and alterations without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Experimental example 1
In the first apple plantation in Xinxiang county, three acres of land immediately adjacent to the apple orchard were randomly divided into experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3. The experiment is carried out in the fruit tree coloring period of 7 months-9 months in 2019, and the experiment group 1 adopts the traditional leaf picking and film laying mode; the experimental group 2 used fertilizers without phytohormones (20 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 61 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 2 parts of phenylalanine, 1 part of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 4 parts of sucrose, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein); experiment group 3 ten examples were randomly selected for fertilizing apple trees. The farmer applies the test fertilizer to the periphery of the root of the fruit tree by 0.5-1.5Kg per plant for 10-15 days, and indiscriminate management is carried out in other farming operations. Items observed starting after 20 days after application of the test fertilizer: fruit color (visual inspection-using standard color chart); the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is as follows:
as can be seen from table 1 in the above table, the application of the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in the tenth embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the color of the apple fruit. The apple can be sold directly after the color of the fruit tree reaches red and thick red, and the price is higher than that of cyan, yellow and pink apples. The experiment group 1 achieves 4141 jin/mu of red and thick red apples; the experimental group 2 achieves 5132 jin/mu of red and thick red apples; the experimental group 3 achieves 6218 jin/mu of red and thick red apples. The apples reaching red and thick red in the experimental group 3 are 1086 jin/mu more than those in the experimental group 2, and 2077 jin/mu more than those reaching red and thick red in the experimental group 1. According to the current purchase price of 1.6 yuan/jin, 1737.6 yuan/mu and 3323 yuan/mu are respectively gained. By applying the water-soluble fertilizer disclosed by the invention, the fruit color of the apple can be obviously improved, namely the coloring rate of the apple is improved, so that farmers are helped to increase income in the market in advance.
Experimental example 2
In the second apple plantation in Xinxiang county, three acres of land immediately adjacent to the apple orchard were randomly divided into experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3. The experiment is carried out in the fruit tree coloring period of 7 months-9 months in 2019, and the experiment group 1 adopts the traditional leaf picking and film laying mode; the experimental group 2 used a fertilizer without added amino acids (urea 22 parts, industrial monoammonium 0.5 parts, monopotassium phosphate 14 parts, potassium nitrate 63 parts, urea phosphate 1.5 parts, abscisic acid 2 parts, gibberellin 1 parts, jasmonate 4 parts, ethylene 3 parts, sucrose 3 parts, sodium nitroprusside 7 parts, and genistein 1.5 parts); experiment group 3 example thirteen were randomly selected for apple tree fertilization. The farmer applies the test fertilizer to the periphery of the root of the fruit tree by 0.5-1.5Kg per plant for 10-15 days, and indiscriminate management is carried out in other farming operations. Items observed starting after 20 days after application of the test fertilizer: fruit color (visual inspection-using standard color chart); the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 is as follows:
as can be seen from the table 2 in the above table, the application of the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in the thirteenth embodiment of the invention can significantly improve the color of the apple fruit. The apple can be sold directly after the color of the fruit tree reaches red and thick red, and the price is higher than that of cyan, yellow and pink apples. The total amount of red and thick red apples in the experimental group 1 is 4111 jin/mu; the experiment group 2 achieves 4724 jin/mu of red and thick red apples in total; the total number of red and thick red apples reached 6357 jin/mu in experimental group 3. The number of apples reaching red and dense red in experimental group 3 is 1633 jin/mu more than that in experimental group 2, and 2246 jin/mu more than that in experimental group 1. According to the current purchase price of 1.6 yuan/jin, 2612.8 yuan/mu and 3593.6 yuan/mu are respectively gained. By applying the water-soluble fertilizer disclosed by the invention, the fruit color of the apple can be obviously improved, namely the coloring rate of the apple is improved, so that farmers are helped to increase income in the market in advance.
Claims (8)
1. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for topdressing in the apple coloring period is characterized in that: the water soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials: urea, industrial monoammonium, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, urea phosphate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, homogentisic acid, abscisic acid, gibberellin, jasmonate, ethylene, sucrose, sodium nitroprusside and genistein.
2. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
3. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-19 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16-20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 50-60 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 2-4 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
4. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts of urea, 1 part of industrial monoammonium, 17 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 59 parts of potassium nitrate, 2 parts of urea phosphate, 4 parts of phenylalanine, 3 parts of tyrosine, 2 parts of homogentisate, 3 parts of abscisic acid, 2 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of jasmonate, 2 parts of ethylene, 2 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1 part of genistein.
5. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of urea, 0.5-2 parts of industrial monoammonium, 10-15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 61-70 parts of potassium nitrate, 1-2 parts of urea phosphate, 2-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-4 parts of tyrosine, 5-6 parts of homogentisate, 1-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-3 parts of gibberellin, 1-4 parts of jasmonate, 2-4 parts of ethylene, 2-4 parts of sucrose, 5-8 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1-2 parts of genistein.
6. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of urea, 0.5 part of industrial monoammonium, 14 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 63 parts of potassium nitrate, 1.5 parts of urea phosphate, 3 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of tyrosine, 5 parts of homogentisate, 2 parts of abscisic acid, 1 part of gibberellin, 4 parts of jasmonate, 3 parts of ethylene, 3 parts of sucrose, 7 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 1.5 parts of genistein.
7. The water-soluble fertilizer suitable for the additional fertilizer in the apple coloring period as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of industrial monoammonium, 16 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 52 parts of potassium nitrate, 1 part of urea phosphate, 3.5 parts of phenylalanine, 1.5 parts of tyrosine, 3 parts of homogentisate, 1 part of abscisic acid, 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of jasmonate, 2.5 parts of ethylene, 4 parts of sucrose, 6 parts of sodium nitroprusside and 2 parts of genistein.
8. Use of the water-soluble fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of a top dressing fertilizer suitable for the apple coloring period.
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| CN114230400A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-03-25 | 青岛科光生物技术有限公司 | Water-soluble fertilizer for improving apple quality and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210528 |