CN104082057A - Safe overwintering method for citrus shatangju and safe overwintering preparation - Google Patents
Safe overwintering method for citrus shatangju and safe overwintering preparation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safe overwintering method for citrus shatangju and a safe overwintering preparation. The method comprises steps as follows: a safe overwintering preparation is supplemented to fruit trees in different growth periods and fruit growth periods of citrus shatangju fruit trees; the safe overwintering preparation comprises elements in parts by weight as follows: 10-20 parts of nitrogen, 20-50 parts of phosphorus, 15-50 parts of potassium, 5-30 parts of sulfur, 1-5 parts of boron, 0-6 parts of zinc, 2-8 parts of ferrum, 1-6 parts of manganese and 0-0.3 part of molybdenum; the fertilization method of the safe overwintering preparation adopts root fertilization or leaf surface spraying; when leaf surface spraying is adopted, the application amount is 300-700 g for each mu each time, and fertilization is performed for 3-6 times; and when the root fertilization is adopted, the application amount is 100-200 kg for each mu, and 100-200 kg of fertilizers are applied for 3-4 times. By means of the method, various necessary nutrition ingredients can be provided for the citrus shatangju fruit trees and fruits, nutrient balance is kept, and the cold resistance and freeze-proofing capability are increased; and the pesticide use amount can be greatly reduced, even pesticide is not used, plant diseases and insect pests can also be inhibited, and the safe overwintering preparation is very suitable for producing pollution-free and organic food.
Description
Technical field
The method and the safe overwintering preparation used that the present invention relates to granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering, belong to agriculture field.
Background technology
Granulated sugar tangerine, original name tangerine in October, also cry four can granulated sugar tangerines, therefore because of its taste sweet in the granulated sugar granulated sugar tangerine of gaining the name.Originating in Guangning, four meeting one bands, is traditional local and special products of Deqing, Fengkai, is one of local citrus main breed.Granulated sugar tangerine fruit oblateness, strumae is arranged at top, base of a fruit navel concave end, color and luster is orange, wraps up in wall thin, easily peels off.It is delicious extremely sweet as it that granulated sugar tangerine is produced taking the four yellow Tian Towns of meeting especially, without slag, and delicate mouthfeel, real is good merchantable brand.It contains abundant vitamin C, calcium, cellulosic, a small amount of protein, fat; Abundant glucose, fructose, sucrose, malic acid; Citric acid, citric acid; Carotin, thiamine; Vitamin b3, niacin, ascorbic acid; The element of the needed by human such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, the sweet acid of granulated sugar tangerine taste, cold in nature, has regulating qi-flowing for eliminating phlegm, moistening lung gut purge, the effects such as invigorating the spleen of enriching blood.
When granulated sugar tangerine is passed the winter, the impact of temperature is larger, fully maturation of fruit while staying fruit on tree, and pericarp senesces, and when 0 DEG C of temperature, slightly meets hardships, there will be pericarp soft, the situation of fruit frost.If add cold rain, pericarp foaming is soft, more accelerates the generation of damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.High temperature and rainy while passing the winter, can make fruit juice born of the same parents granulation, and local flavor is thin out, does not possess the intrinsic local flavor of granulated sugar tangerine.In order to keep the commodity value of the fruit fruit picking Time To Market that staggers, namely, from extending to 2～March of next year November to December then and gather listing, just need safe overwintering.
The traditional wintering method of granulated sugar tangerine is the different growing stages in granulated sugar tangerine fruit tree, it is used to various fertilizer by regulating nutrient balance to strengthen cold-resistant antifreeze ability, and reach extending fruit collecting time to 2～March of next year.But the generation of using in fact separately nitrogen element and easily cause damage by disease and insect, the consumption of nitrogen element is larger, and sick worm occurs more serious, particularly independent applied nitrogen, situation can be more serious, not only can cause various diseases and be very popular, and also can make all kinds of specific pesticides all lose control efficiency; And while using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, if the consumption imbalance of phosphorus, potassium element, it is also limited playing nutrition prophylaxis effect simultaneously, conventional method has also been ignored the reasonably combined use of above-mentioned element and other moderate-element and trace element in addition.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide method and the safe overwintering preparation used of granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering, and this method can play good nutrient balance, cold-resistant, antifreeze effect to fruit tree.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of method of granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering, comprise: in granulated sugar tangerine fruit tree different growing stages and fruit growth period, fruit tree is supplemented to safe overwintering preparation, the element that described safe overwintering preparation comprises following important part: 10～20 parts, nitrogen, 20～50 parts, phosphorus, 15～50 parts, potassium, 5～30 parts of sulphur, 1～5 part of boron, 0～6 part, zinc, 2～8 parts of iron, 1～6 part, manganese, 0～0.3 part of molybdenum; The fertilization mode of described safe overwintering preparation is base portion fertilising or foliage-spray; While adopting foliage-spray, each every mu of amount of application is 300～700 grams, and the number of times of fertilising is 3～6 times, in the time of preparation foliage fertilizer, due to the property difference of some elements, can not associate with mutually, therefore must grasp the taboo of compatibility in the time of preparation, note the mixed of phosphorus, zinc element; While adopting base portion fertilising, every mu of amount of application is 100～200 kilograms, divides and uses for 1～4 time.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the nitrogen element in described safe overwintering preparation is provided by urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; P elements is provided by MAP; Potassium element is provided by potassium sulfate; Element sulphur is provided by sulphur or sulphate; Boron element is provided by borax or boric acid; Zinc element is provided by zinc sulphate; Ferro element is provided by ferrous sulfate; Manganese element is provided by manganese sulphate; Copper is provided by copper sulphate; Molybdenum element is provided by ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate;
Further, described safe overwintering preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 40～90 parts, 60～120 parts, 20～45 parts, urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; 45～160 parts of MAPs; 30～100 parts of potassium sulfates; 5～15 parts, sulphur; 5～25 parts of 10～45 parts of boraxs or boric acid; 0～30 part, zinc sulphate; 10～40 parts, ferrous sulfate; 3～18 parts of manganese sulphates; 0～0.85 part of 0～0.56 part of ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
The present invention also provides a kind of granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering preparation, the element that comprises following weight portion: 10～20 parts, nitrogen, 20～50 parts, phosphorus, 15～50 parts, potassium, 5～30 parts of sulphur, 1～5 part of boron, 0～6 part, zinc, 2～8 parts of iron, 1～6 part, manganese, 0～0.3 part of molybdenum.
Further, above-mentioned each element can be provided by the various inorganic or organic matter that contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum generally using in agricultural respectively, in order to reach good fertilization effect and to reduce costs, the nitrogen element in described safe overwintering preparation is provided by urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; P elements is provided by MAP; Potassium element is provided by potassium sulfate; Element sulphur by sulphur and or sulphate provide; Boron element is provided by borax or boric acid; Zinc element is provided by zinc sulphate; Ferro element is provided by ferrous sulfate; Manganese element is provided by manganese sulphate; Molybdenum element is provided by ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate;
Further, described safe overwintering preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 40～90 parts, 60～120 parts, 20～45 parts, urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; 45～160 parts of MAPs; 30～100 parts of potassium sulfates; 5～15 parts, sulphur; 5～25 parts of 10～45 parts of boraxs or boric acid; 0～30 part, zinc sulphate; 10～40 parts, ferrous sulfate; 3～18 parts of manganese sulphates; 0～0.85 part of 0～0.56 part of ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present patent application people is through repeatedly studying, testing, find in granulated sugar tangerine fruit tree different growing stages and fruit growth period, fruit tree is supplemented to quantitative nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum element in proportion, not only can improve the ability of anti-anti-other the biological infringement of fruit tree, reduce disease, also can provide fruit tree required various nutritions, make it reach the pest-resistant effect of nutrition diseases prevention, strengthen tree vigo(u)r, improve cold-proof freeze proof ability, reach the effect of fresh preservation with branches safe overwintering.
This method is with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, molybdenum is main, be equipped with again other multiple trace element of strengthening the cold-resistant antifreeze ability of fruit tree, utilize the specific function of above-mentioned each element and the effect that cooperation produces thereof, not only for fruit tree provides various essential nutrition and has kept its nutrient balance, improve the yield and quality of fruit, the collecting time of extending fruit, keep better the quality and flavor of fruit to reach the effect that safe overwintering fresh preservation with branches extending fruit is gathered, fruit tree is used after safe overwintering preparation of the present invention, can reduce in a large number the consumption of agricultural chemicals, even can without agricultural chemicals or within the regular period of fruit tree growth without agricultural chemicals, so both be conducive to environmental protection, significantly reduce again the harm that uses agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer to cause fruit tree because of a large amount of, lay a good foundation for producing pollution-free food.And safe overwintering preparation of the present invention is not containing any hormone, without any side effects, also can mix use with other diseases prevention worm medicine, mutually facilitation effect.
In granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering fresh preservation with branches method of the present invention, the each element formula adopting has increased especially has the obviously potassium of cold-resistant antifreeze effect to fruit tree, the consumption of the functional elements such as zinc, adjust accordingly the consumption of nitrogen element, be equipped with again the nutritive element of a certain amount of various middle amount or trace and have pair fruit tree to have other element balance proportioning of disease prevention effect, according to above-mentioned element proportioning, nutrient balance required fruit tree can be adjusted to best degree, thereby not only meet fruit tree high yield, the nutritional need of high-quality, also can promote fruit tree to keep vigorous growth potential and vitality, and effectively prevent or control various true, the generation of bacteriosis and insect pest.In addition, in the time that granulated sugar tangerine is used, can carry out suitable adjustment to the demand of various elements according to the variation of the soil property of soil, seasonal climate and granulated sugar tangerine different growing stages, suitable increase or reduce the consumption of some element in above-mentioned scope, strengthen tree vigo(u)r, extending fruit gathers Time To Market, to reach the effect to granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering.
For making plant be more prone to accept, absorb, reach best safe overwintering effect, safe overwintering preparation of the present invention can be made to the various formulations such as aqueous solvent, pulvis, granule, for example, can add appropriate water and solvent and make the aqueous solution or make pulvis or other acceptable formulation by being dried, concentrating.
Embodiment
Below principle of the present invention and feature are described, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
45 grams of urea, 45 grams of MAPs, 100 grams of potassium sulfates, 25 grams of boric acid, 40 grams of ferrous sulfate, 18 grams of manganese sulphates, 0.56 gram of ammonium molybdate are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, granulate, and obtain safe overwintering granule.
Embodiment bis-
40 grams of ammonium sulfate, 45 grams of MAPs, 30 grams of potassium sulfates, 15 grams of sulphur, 25 grams of boric acid, 5 grams of zinc sulphate, 10 grams of ferrous sulfate, 3 grams of manganese sulphates are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, make the pulvis of fruit tree nutrition prophylactic preparation.
Embodiment tri-
20 grams of urea, 160 grams of MAPs, 30 grams of potassium sulfates, 5 grams of sulphur, 10 grams of boraxs, 5 grams of zinc sulphate, 10 grams of ferrous sulfate, 3 grams of manganese sulphates, 4 grams of copper sulphate, 0.85 gram of sodium molybdate are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, obtain safe overwintering preparation.
Embodiment tetra-
120 grams of carbonic hydroammonium, 50 grams of phosphorus, 50 grams of potassium, 5 grams of sulphur, 5 grams of boron, 6 grams of zinc, 8 grams of iron, 6 grams of manganese, 0.3 gram of molybdenum are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, granulate, and obtain safe overwintering granule.
Embodiment five
20 grams of nitrogen, 20 grams of phosphorus, 15 grams of potassium, 30 grams of sulphur, 1 gram of boron, 2 grams of iron, 1 gram of manganese, 0.3 gram of molybdenum are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, make the pulvis of safe overwintering preparation with conventional method.
Embodiment six
10 grams of nitrogen, 50 grams of phosphorus, 15 grams of potassium, 15 grams of sulphur, 5 grams of boron, 6 grams of zinc, 2 grams of iron, 1 gram of manganese, 0.3 gram of molybdenum are poured in container, by its mixing and stirring, obtain safe overwintering preparation.
Experimental example one
The safe overwintering preparation that embodiment mono-is made extends the test of collecting time for increasing granulated sugar tangerine fresh preservation with branches.
Test orchard: bridge village of treasure township, Yangshuo County what × ×, line space is 1.5 × 2.0,6 years raw orchards of Fructus Aurantii of now strain number 230 strains.
Service condition is described as follows:
Use group: to the safe overwintering preparation described in two mu (230 strains) embodiment mono-on probation, in granulated sugar tangerine flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, use altogether above-mentioned safe overwintering preparation 3 times, every mu of each amount of application is 500 grams, and fruit tree is carried out to foliage-spray.
Control group: one mu of granulated sugar tangerine (180 strain), in its flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, respectively spray clear water 4 times, 60 kilograms of clear water of every mu of each sprinkling.
Result of use is described as follows:
Use group: survey on January 24th, 2013 to produce and check and accept, good fruit rate reaches 98.32%, and average strain is produced 31.82 kilograms, 3755.00 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
Control group: on January 24th, 2013 surveys to produce through expert group and checks and accepts, good fruit rate 47.27%, average strain is produced 10.88 kilograms, 1958.4 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
Experimental example two
The safe overwintering preparation that embodiment bis-is made is the test in increase granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering ability to granulated sugar tangerine tree.
Test orchard: high Tian Town, Yangshuo County dragon village Wu × ×, line space is 1.5 × 2.0,6 years raw orchards of Fructus Aurantii of strain number 230 strains now.
Service condition is described as follows:
Use group: to the granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering preparation described in the granulated sugar tangerine of three mu of 536 strain embodiment bis-on probation, in granulated sugar tangerine flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, respectively use above-mentioned preparation 2 times, every mu of each amount of application is 50 kilograms, and granulated sugar tangerine is carried out to base portion fertilising.
Control group: one mu of granulated sugar tangerine (180 strain), in flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, respectively use lion horse board fertilizer 2 times, every mu of each amount of application is 50 kilograms, and tree body is carried out to base portion fertilising.
After using, effect is described as follows:
Use group: survey on January 24th, 2013 to produce and check and accept, good fruit rate reaches 98.04%, and average strain is produced 31.93 kilograms, 5704.83 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
Control group: on January 24th, 2013 surveys to produce through expert group and checks and accepts, good fruit rate 47.27%, average strain is produced 10.88 kilograms, 1958.4 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
Experimental example three
The safe overwintering preparation that embodiment tetra-is made is increasing the cold-resistant antifreeze ability of tree vigo(u)r enhancing to granulated sugar tangerine tree, reaches the effect of safe overwintering, the test of extending fruit collecting time.
Test orchard: treasure township, Yangshuo County bridge village beam × ×, line space is 1.5 × 2.0,6 years raw orchards of Fructus Aurantii of strain number 230 strains now.
Service condition is described as follows:
Use group: to the safe overwintering preparation described in two mu of granulated sugar tangerines (230 strain) embodiment seven on probation, in granulated sugar tangerine flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, respectively use above-mentioned safe overwintering preparation preparation 3 times, every mu of each amount of application is 50 kilograms, and granulated sugar tangerine is carried out to base portion fertilising.
Control group: one mu of granulated sugar tangerine (180 strain), in granulated sugar tangerine flowering stage and fruit growth expanding stage, respectively to use with lion horse board fertilizer 3 times, every mu of each amount of application is 50 kilograms, and granulated sugar tangerine tree is carried out to base portion fertilising.
After using, effect is described as follows:
Use group: survey on January 24th, 2013 to produce and check and accept, good fruit rate reaches 97.77%, and average strain is produced 31.75 kgs/acre, 3651.25 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
Control group: on January 24th, 2013 surveys to produce through expert group and checks and accepts, good fruit rate 47.27%, average strain is produced 10.88 kilograms, 1958.4 kgs/acre of per mu yields.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering, it is characterized in that, comprise: in granulated sugar tangerine fruit tree different growing stages and fruit growth period, fruit tree is supplemented to safe overwintering preparation, the element that described safe overwintering preparation comprises following important part: 10～20 parts of nitrogen elements, 20～50 parts, phosphorus, 15～50 parts, potassium, 5～30 parts of sulphur, 1～5 part of boron, 0～6 part, zinc, 2～8 parts of iron, 1～6 part, manganese, 0～0.3 part of molybdenum; The fertilization mode of described safe overwintering preparation is base portion fertilising or foliage-spray; While adopting foliage-spray, each every mu of amount of application is 300～700 grams, and the number of times of fertilising is 3～6 times; While adopting base portion fertilising, every mu of amount of application is 100～200 kilograms, divides and uses for 1～4 time.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the nitrogen element in described safe overwintering preparation is provided by urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; P elements is provided by MAP; Potassium element is provided by potassium sulfate; Element sulphur is provided by sulphur or sulphate; Boron element is provided by borax or boric acid; Zinc element is provided by zinc sulphate; Ferro element is provided by ferrous sulfate; Manganese element is provided by manganese sulphate; Copper is provided by copper sulphate; Molybdenum element is provided by ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described safe overwintering preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 40～90 parts, 60～120 parts, urea 20～45 or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; 45～160 parts of MAPs; 30～100 parts of potassium sulfates; 5～15 parts, sulphur; 5～25 parts of 10～45 parts of boraxs or boric acid; 0～30 part, zinc sulphate; 10～40 parts, ferrous sulfate; 3～18 parts of manganese sulphates; 0～0.85 part of 0～0.56 part of ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
4. a granulated sugar tangerine safe overwintering preparation, it is characterized in that the element that comprises following weight portion: 10～20 parts, nitrogen, 20～50 parts, phosphorus, 15～50 parts, potassium, 5～30 parts of sulphur, 1～5 part of boron, 0～6 part, zinc, 2～8 parts of iron, 1～6 part, manganese, 0～0.3 part of molybdenum.
5. preparation according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the nitrogen element in described safe overwintering preparation is provided by urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; P elements is provided by MAP; Potassium element is provided by potassium sulfate; Element sulphur by sulphur and or sulphate provide; Boron element is provided by borax or boric acid; Zinc element is provided by zinc sulphate; Ferro element is provided by ferrous sulfate; Manganese element is provided by manganese sulphate; Molybdenum element is provided by ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
6. preparation according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described safe overwintering preparation is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 40～90 parts, 60～120 parts, 20～45 parts, urea or carbonic hydroammonium or ammonium sulfate; 45～160 parts of MAPs; 30～100 parts of potassium sulfates; 5～15 parts, sulphur; 5～25 parts of 10～45 parts of boraxs or boric acid; 0～30 part, zinc sulphate; 10～40 parts, ferrous sulfate; 3～18 parts of manganese sulphates; 0～0.85 part of 0～0.56 part of ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate.
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| CN104871910A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-02 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of orange in Karst rock-desertification areas |
| CN107810790A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 广西博白县玫盛家庭农场 | A kind of Citrus shatangju and the interplanting method of purslane |
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| CN102771476A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Application of chitosanoligosaccharide and derivatives thereof in plant cold resisting |
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| CN104871910A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-09-02 | 象州县科学技术情报研究所 | Cultivation method of orange in Karst rock-desertification areas |
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| CN104082057B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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Granted publication date: 20160120 Termination date: 20200613 |