CN101405087A - 光刻印刷系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种通过使用固定纳米印刷模具的模板中的凹槽或孔产生部分真空,在纳米印刷光刻模板附近产生和保持所需环境的方法和系统。
Description
本发明涉及纳米光刻印刷系统。
纳米制造包括制造极小的结构,例如具有纳米级或更小的特征(feature)的结构。纳米制造具有显著影响的一个领域是集成电路的制造。随着半导体加工工业持续地力求获得更高的生产率,同时增加每单位面积基片上形成的电路数量,纳米制造变得越来越重要。纳米制造提供了更高的工艺控制,同时允许更大程度地减小形成的结构的最小特征尺寸。已经应用纳米制造的其它研发领域包括生物技术、光学技术、机械系统等。
一种示例性的纳米制造技术通常被称为印刷光刻。示例性的印刷光刻法在许多公开出版物中进行了详细描述,例如参见美国专利申请公开第2004/0065976,其提交时的美国专利申请号为10/264,960,标题为″在基材上设置特征、从而复制具有极小的尺寸变化的特征的方法和模具(Method anda Mold to Arrange Features on a Substrate to Replicate Features havingMinimal Dimensional Variability)″;美国专利申请公开第2004/0065252号,其申请时为美国专利申请第10/264,926号,题为″在基材上形成层以促进度量标准制造的方法(Method of Forming a Layer on a Substrate to FacilitateFabrication of Metrology Standards)″;以及美国专利第6,936,194号,题为″用于印刷光刻法的功能图案化材料(Functional Patterning Material forImprint Lithography Processes)″,所有这些专利申请都转让给本发明的受让人,所有这些专利都参考结合入本文中。
上述这些美国专利申请公开和美国专利中所述的基本印刷光刻技术都包括了在可聚合的层中形成浮雕图案,将与所述浮雕图案对应的图案转移到下面的基材中。所述基材可以置于移动的台上,到达所需的位置,以促进其图案化。使用与所述基材隔开的模板,在模板和基材之间存在可成形的液体。所述液体固化形成其中记录有图案的固化的层,所述图案与与所述液体接触的模板表面的形状一致。然后将所述模板与固化的层相分离,使得模板和基材隔开。然后对基材和固化的层进行加工,将对应于所述固化的层中的图案的浮雕图案转移到所述基材中。
人们需要能够使得印刷光刻更高效更吸引人的系统。
通过本发明的主权项的系统完成了这个目标。通过在纳米光刻印刷过程中,在模板和基材之间产生特定的环境,提高了印刷光刻的效率,更具体来说是通过部分真空环境印刷提高了印刷光刻的效率。
本发明优选的实施方式的特征在从属权项中进行描述。
下面结合附图描述本发明的优选实施方式,在附图中:
图1是具有与基材隔开的模板的光刻系统的简化侧视图;
图2显示了模板上的部分真空环境:a)具有孔的模板的侧视图;b)具有多个孔的模板a)的俯视图;c)具有沟槽的模板的侧视图;d)模板c)的俯视图;
图3显示了另外的附加的板(add-on plate);
图4显示了使用上升空气垫在模板周围用作为半密封的部分真空环境;
图5显示了本发明的另一实施方式。
参见图1,用来在基材12上形成浮雕图案的系统8包括平台10,该平台10将基材12支承在其上,还包括模板14,该模板14上具有图案化表面18。在另一个实施方式中,基材12可以与基材卡盘(未显示)连接,所述基材卡盘(未显示)是任意的卡盘,包括但不限于真空卡盘和电磁卡盘。
模板14和/或模具16可以由以下的材料形成,包括但不限于:热解法二氧化硅、石英、硅、有机聚合物、硅氧烷聚合物、硼硅酸盐玻璃、氟碳聚合物、金属和硬化蓝宝石。如图所示,图案化表面18包括通过多个间隔的凹陷17和凸起19构成的特征。但是,在另一个实施方式中,图案化表面18可以基本上是平滑和/或平坦的。图案化表面18可以限定初始图案,该初始图案形成用来形成于基材12上的图案的基础。
模板14可以与印刷头20连接,用来促进模板14的移动,从而促进模具16的移动。在另一个实施方式中,模板14可以与模板卡盘(未显示)连接,所述模板卡盘(未显示)是任意的卡盘,包括但不限于真空卡盘和电磁卡盘。连接流体分配系统22,选择性地设置为与基材12流体连通,用来将聚合材料24沉积在基材12之上。应当理解,可以使用任意已知的技术沉积聚合材料24,这些技术包括例如:液滴分配,旋涂,浸涂,化学气相沉积(CVD),物理气相沉积(PVD)等。另外,如下所述,在模具16和基材12之间建立环境之前,可以将聚合材料24设置在基材12之上,或者在另一个实施方式中,可以将流体分配系统22置于基材12和模板14之间。
能量28的源头26沿路径30与直接能源28相连。印刷头20和平台10的构型设计分别用来将模具16和基材12叠加设置在路径30中。印刷头20、平台10或者这两者在模具16和基材12之间的距离发生变化,用来在其之间限定所需的体积,该体积将被聚合材料24填充。
参见图1,在模具16和基材12之间限定所需的体积之前,将聚合材料24设置在基材22之上。但是,可以在已经得到所需的体积之后,用聚合物材料24填充所述体积。在所需体积被聚合物材料24填充之后,源头26产生能量28,例如宽带能,使得聚合材料24固化和/或交联,与基材12的表面25的形状相一致,并使表面18图案化,在基材12上形成图案化的层50。
所述宽带能量可包括光化成分,包括但不限于紫外波长、热能、电磁能、可见光等。所述采用的光化成分是本领域技术人员已知的,通常取决于用来形成印刷层12的材料。通过处理器32调控该过程,所述处理器32与平台10、印刷头20、流体分配系统22和源头26数据连通,通过存储在存储器34内的计算机可读程序进行操作。
以下三种能力被认为是有助于使得印刷光刻更高效,更吸引人:
1.产生和保持纯氦或其它操作气氛,例如CO2;
2.部分或完全真空印刷(缩短填充时间,减少缺陷和氧中毒);
3.减小或消除分离作用力。
通过室的理念(chamber concept)在模板附近产生和保持压力,在模板的活性区域附近产生了防漏的体积,然后可以通过使用气体加压或抽气。由于模板的几何结构,当模板与晶片接触的时候,活性区域周围的蚀刻的背面区域(back region)能够很方便地提供这样的体积。因为蚀刻的背面区域比活性区域高出约5-15微米,其还能提供对任意气体/流体极高的流阻。
图2a)-d)显示了使用具有用于气体流动的凹槽213或孔204的模板203-211的部分真空环境。需要具有多个流动的源(例如孔204)或环绕的槽213,以便在模板205、214的活性区域202-212下方产生均匀的部分真空。通过所述开口204、216的真空流将已有的空气或气体抽走,而在由小而长的间隙造成的显著压降的存在下,会降低活性区域202、212和基材201、210之间的压力。美国专利申请公开第2005/0072755号,提交时的美国专利申请号为10/677,639,题为″单相流体印刷光刻法(Single Phase FluidImprint Lithography Method)″,描述了一种在模板203、211和基材201、210之间引入流体的方法,该专利参考结合入本文中。
参见图3,当模板302无法进行钻孔或加工形成槽的时候,可以在模板302的外部添加另外的板块304,使在该添加的板块304和模板302之间的小间隙305能够产生活性区域306和基材301之间必需的气体压降。为了将小间隙保持在5-50微米范围内,添加的延伸部分可具有空气垫,空气垫与匹配表面面接。
图4显示了用来在基材402和模板403之间产生分压的分压印刷装置的横截面图。真空预先加载的空气垫410能够基本密封该小环境405,所述小环境405可以用合适的操作气体(例如He)填充,代替空气。所述空气垫界面410位于与板块406相邻的位置。槽(未显示)会导致从环境405抽气408,同时加压的气体407通过空气垫环410被引入,达到空气垫参比表面406和相应的模板平台404的平衡。一旦完成了对晶片的印刷,可以降低向上的空气垫,以提供晶片I/O末端效应器(end-effecter)的途径。
图5显示了一种实施方式,其中使用喷嘴系统在模板502和基材501之间产生部分He环境。
上述本发明的实施方式是示例性的。可以在不背离本发明范围的前提下对上述内容进行许多的变化和改良。因此,本发明的范围不限于上述内容,应当由所附权利要求书及其全部等价内容来决定。
Claims (5)
1.一种用来在纳米光刻印刷过程中,在模板和基材之间产生特定环境的系统,该系统包括:
基材;
模板,所述模板设置在与所述基材紧密相邻的位置,在所述模板上的纳米印刷模具与基材上的相应位置之间产生空间体积;
一种装置,用来部分抽走在所述纳米印刷模具和基材之间的空间体积内的气体。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述模板还包括多个孔,这些孔位于所述纳米印刷模具周围,穿通所述模板,所述用来部分抽走气体的装置使用所述多个孔,部分抽走在所述纳米印刷模具和基材之间的空间体积内的气体。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述模板还包括形成于模板之内、围绕所述纳米印刷模具的槽,所述槽与所述用来部分抽走气体的装置相连。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,所述用来部分抽走气体的装置还包括位于所述模板周围的主体,所述主体的构型能够在所述模板侧面和所述主体侧面之间产生间隙,使向上流过所述间隙的空气将所述模板和基材之间的气体抽走。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统,所述系统还包括分配在所述纳米印刷模具和所述基材之间的可聚合流体。
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US78877906P | 2006-04-03 | 2006-04-03 | |
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EP (1) | EP2001602B1 (zh) |
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KR (1) | KR20080114681A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101405087A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE513625T1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATE513625T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
US7462028B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
US20070275114A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
JP4917159B2 (ja) | 2012-04-18 |
KR20080114681A (ko) | 2008-12-31 |
EP2001602B1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
EP2001602A2 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
JP4536148B2 (ja) | 2010-09-01 |
JP2010179655A (ja) | 2010-08-19 |
WO2007123805A2 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
JP2009532245A (ja) | 2009-09-10 |
EP2001602A4 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
TWI432311B (zh) | 2014-04-01 |
WO2007123805A3 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
TW200744830A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
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