CN101395423A - 阀、阀控制装置以及燃料电池系统 - Google Patents

阀、阀控制装置以及燃料电池系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101395423A
CN101395423A CNA2007800080108A CN200780008010A CN101395423A CN 101395423 A CN101395423 A CN 101395423A CN A2007800080108 A CNA2007800080108 A CN A2007800080108A CN 200780008010 A CN200780008010 A CN 200780008010A CN 101395423 A CN101395423 A CN 101395423A
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
jar
fuel cell
hydrogen
sparger
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CNA2007800080108A
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Inventor
竹下昌宏
石户谷尽生
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/30—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces specially adapted for pressure containers
    • F16K1/304—Shut-off valves with additional means
    • F16K1/305—Shut-off valves with additional means with valve member and actuator on the same side of the seat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0648—One-way valve the armature and the valve member forming one element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract

本发明提供能够以高精度调节流体向罐外放出的流量的阀、阀控制装置以及燃料电池系统。本发明的阀被构成为可以调节流体向二次侧流通的流量。阀设置于罐上使得二次侧成为流体从罐内放出的一侧。阀被构成为可通过占空控制来调节流体从罐内的放出流量。

Description

阀、阀控制装置以及燃料电池系统
技术领域
本发明涉及被构成为可调节流体向二次侧的流量的阀、该阀用的阀控制装置以及具备该阀的燃料电池系统。
背景技术
以往，将贮藏于罐中的燃料向燃料消耗装置供给的供给系统广为人知。例如，日本特开2005-42924号公报所述的供给系统，将贮藏在罐中的氢化物流体向半导体制造设备供给。在该罐上设有调节向罐外供给的氢化物流体的压力的机械式的调节器。
发明内容
然而，罐上附带的调节器，不能够精确地调节燃料向罐外放出的流量。另外，由于是机械式的调节器，因此响应性较低。
本发明的目的在于，提供能够以高精度调节流体向罐外放出的流量的阀、该阀用的阀控制装置以及具备该阀的燃料电池系统。
用于达到上述目的的本发明的阀，在被构成为可调节流体向二次侧的流量的同时，设置于罐上且二次侧成为来自罐内的流体的放出侧。另外，阀被构成为可通过占空控制来调节流体从罐内放出的流量。
根据该构成，在罐上设置了可通过占空控制来调节流体的流量的阀，因此能够高精度地调节流体向罐外放出的流量。
在此，作为将阀设置于罐上的构成，例如可以采用以下的构成：将阀配置在罐的内部的构成；将阀直接地或间接地安装在罐的构成要素上且配置在罐的外部的构成；或者，将阀的一部分配置在罐内且将阀的其它部分配置在罐外的构成。作为这些阀配置方法，例如可以将阀安装于罐的口部，或者，将阀和其它阀作为阀组件构成且以拧入罐的口部的方式安装阀组件。
优选本发明的阀具有通过占空控制来调节放出流量的流量调节机构。流量调节机构被构成为可截断流体从罐内的放出即可。
根据该构成，可以使阀作为截断阀发挥作用。
在此，流量调节机构可以具备：阀体、可与阀体脱离和抵接的阀座、使阀体相对于阀座沿脱离和抵接的方向移动的电磁元件。在该构成中，通常阀的轴线方向与阀体的脱离和抵接的方向一致。另外，阀座优选比阀的基体或阀体更具有弹性。由此，能够提高阀的作为截断阀的功能。此外，优选为下述构成：阀体通过罐内的压力(一次压力)与阀座抵接从而截断流体的流出。
优选阀的轴线与罐的轴线大致平行或一致。
根据该构成，可使阀为容易自清洁的结构。例如，在如上所述构成阀的情况下，可通过流体从一次侧向二次侧的流动，将在阀体移动时会发生的磨损粉等污染物向二次侧排出。
另一方面，一般地，阀作为整体来看，存在在轴线方向将长度取得长一些的倾向。因此，若使阀的轴线方向与罐的轴线方向一致，则阀以及罐的整体长度容易变长。
因此，从使阀以及罐的整体的长度较短的观点来看，可以是本发明的阀位于比罐的主体靠外的一侧，且阀的轴线与罐的轴线大致垂直的构成。
根据该构成，阀以及罐不会占有较大的所设置的设置空间。
根据本发明的阀的优选的一个方式，优选在罐上设置与阀不同体的主截止阀。另外，优选主截止阀位于阀的一次侧。
根据该构成，通过关闭主截止阀，能够抑制作用于阀的流体压力。另外，也能够实现失效保护。
更优选主截止阀位于比口部更靠里的罐内侧，且阀位于比罐的主体更靠外的外侧也可以。
用于实现上述目的的本发明的阀控制装置，是占空控制上述的本发明的阀的。
根据该构成，可以对阀进行适宜的占空控制，能够精确地调节流体向罐外的放出流量。
用于实现上述目的的本发明的燃料电池系统，具备：上述的本发明的阀和罐；以及被供给氧化气体和燃料气体的燃料电池。另外，罐内的上述流体是燃料气体。
根据该构成，可以向燃料电池供给由阀调节了放出流量的燃料气体。由此，可以对应于燃料电池中的燃料气体的消耗量，以良好的响应性由罐供给所希望的燃料气体。
另外，本发明的另外的燃料电池系统，具备：上述的本发明的阀；储存燃料气体的罐；由罐得到燃料气体供给的燃料电池；和，设置于罐上且位于阀的一次侧的主截止阀。另外，主截止阀是在燃料电池系统停止时闭阀的。
附图说明
图1是第1实施方式的燃料电池系统的构成图。
图2是表示第1实施方式的阀以及罐的结构的剖面图。
图3是表示第2实施方式的阀以及罐的结构的剖面图。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图对具备本发明的阀的燃料电池系统进行说明。该燃料电池系统是在罐上设置被占空控制的阀，使其调节燃料气体向罐外的放出流量的燃料电池系统。以下，作为被占空控制的阀，以喷射器为例进行说明。
第1实施方式
如图1所示，燃料电池系统1具备：燃料电池2；向燃料电池2供给作为氧化气体(氧)的空气的氧化气体配管系统3；向燃料电池2供给作为燃料气体的氢气的燃料气体配管系统4；以及，综合控制整个系统的控制装置7。
燃料电池2例如由固体高分子电解质型构成，具备层叠了多个单元电池的叠层结构。燃料电池2的单元电池，在由离子交换膜构成的电解质的一个面上具有空气极，在另一面上具有燃料极。而且，单元电池具有一对隔板且其从两侧夹住空气极和燃料极。向一个隔板的燃料气体流路供给燃料气体，向另一个隔板的氧化气体流路供给氧化气体，通过该气体供给，燃料电池2发生电。
氧化气体配管系统3具有：向燃料电池2供给的氧化气体流经的供给路11；以及，从燃料电池2排出的氧化废气流经的排出路12。供给路11上设有：通过过滤器13吸取氧化气体的压缩机14、以及将由压缩机14压送的氧化气体加湿的加湿器15。流经排出路12的氧化废气，通过背压调节阀16在加湿器15中供水分交换之后，最终作为排气被排放到系统外的大气中。
燃料气体配管系统4具有：作为燃料供给源的氢罐21；从氢罐21向燃料电池2供给的氢气流经的供给路22；用于将从燃料电池2排出的氢废气(燃料废气)返回到供给路22的汇流点A的循环路23；将循环路23内的氢废气压送到供给路22中的泵24；以及，与循环路23分支连接的排出路25。
氢罐21被构成为能够贮存例如35MPa或70MPa的氢气。如果打开氢罐21的主截止阀26，则氢气向供给路22流出。然后，氢气由喷射器29调节流量和压力后，再在下游通过包括机械式的调压阀27在内的减压阀，最终减压至例如200kPa程度，被供给至燃料电池2。主截止阀26以及喷射器29被组入图1中由虚线的框线所示的阀组件30，阀组件30与氢罐21连接(详细情况在后面叙述)。
在供给路22的汇流点A的上游侧设有截断阀28。氢气的循环系统是通过顺序地连通由供给路22的汇流点A的下游侧流路、形成于燃料电池2的隔板中的燃料气体流路、和循环路23而构成的。通过排出路25上的清洗阀33在燃料电池系统1工作时适宜地开阀，氢废气中的杂质随氢废气一起被排出到省略了图示的氢稀释器中。通过清洗阀33的开阀，循环路23内的氢废气中的杂质的浓度降低，所循环的氢废气中的氢浓度提高。
控制装置7，作为内部具备CPU、ROM、RAM的微型计算机而构成。CPU按照控制程序执行所希望的运算，进行喷射器29的流量控制等各种的处理和控制。ROM存储由CPU处理的控制程序和控制数据。RAM主要作为用于控制处理的各种作业区域使用。控制装置7输入在气体系统(3，4)和省略了图示的致冷剂系统中使用的各种压力传感器和温度传感器等的检测信号，向各构成要素输出控制信号。如后所述，控制装置7作为占空控制喷射器29的阀控制装置发挥作用。
图2是氢罐21上设置的喷射器29周围的剖面图。
首先，对氢罐21进行说明。
氢罐21具备：构成氢罐21的主体的密闭圆筒形的罐主体101；以及，位于罐主体101的纵向(长度方向)的一个端部的口部102。罐主体101的内部为以高压贮存氢气的贮存空间104。罐主体101具有：具有气体阻挡性的内侧的树脂内衬107、和将树脂内衬107的外侧覆盖的外壳108这双层结构。外壳108由FRP制成。
口部102(罐口部)由例如不锈钢等金属形成，被设置在罐主体101的呈球面形的端壁部的中心。被构成为：可以通过在口部102的内周面形成的内螺纹，将阀组件30拧入口部102进行连接。
阀组件30被设置成遍及氢罐21的内外，构成氢罐21的气体排出部。阀组件30具有例如单一的外罩(housing)300，上述的主截止阀26以及喷射器29被串联地装在外罩300上。本实施方式中，外罩300，在插入氢罐21内部的第1区域301装设主截止阀26的同时，在露出到氢罐21外部的第2区域302装设了喷射器29。外罩300由例如SUS和铝等金属形成。
另外，在图2中，以作为本发明的要部的喷射器29以及主截止阀26为中心示出，但外罩300上除了喷射器29等以外，还可以设置安全阀(溢流阀、可熔塞阀)和止回阀等其它阀。另外，外罩300上通常形成省略了图示的氢气的填充通路等。此外，外罩300可以由单一的构件或者多个构件组合来构成。另外，外罩300兼作为主截止阀26以及喷射器29的主体(基体)，但也可以分别形成主截止阀26以及喷射器29的主体，再将各自的主体组装在外罩300上。
在外罩300内形成有连通贮存空间104和外部的供给路22的阀内流路310。阀内流路310是从贮存空间104侧开始依次连接第1流路311、第2流路312、以及第3流路313而构成的。第1流路311与第2流路312之间由主截止阀26连通或截断。第2流路312构成喷射器29的一次侧的流路。第3流路313构成喷射器29的二次侧的流路，与外部的供给路22连接。
主截止阀26(开闭阀)对氢罐21起主阀的作用，截断流体(氢气)从氢罐21向供给路22的流动。主截止阀26由电磁阀式的截断阀构成。主截止阀26，例如当通过电磁元件的励磁，阀杆321(可动件)沿其轴向进出，阀杆321的端头部的阀体322与阀座323抵接时，就截断阀内流路310。另一方面，当通过电磁元件的消磁，阀杆321在轴向退避，阀体322与阀座323离间时，就容许氢气从贮存空间104流出。阀杆321以及阀体322的轴线方向X-X，与氢罐21的轴线方向一致。另外，所谓主截止阀26的轴线方向，意指阀体322的移动方向，该场合下，相当于阀体322的轴线方向X-X。
喷射器29位于比罐主体101的外周面更靠外的外侧，与控制装置7电连接。喷射器29是利用电磁驱动力以规定的驱动周期直接驱动阀体401，通过使其与阀座402隔离，能够调节氢气的流量和压力的电磁驱动式的开闭阀。喷射器29甚至在高响应的区域也能够控制阀体401的驱动周期，因此与机械式的调压阀相比，具有高的响应性。
喷射器29具有能够调节氢气向二次侧的流量以及压力的流量调节机构290。流量调节机构290大致地划分，是由主阀部分410和电磁元件部分420构成的。主阀部分410以及电磁元件部分420被设置在外罩300的第2区域302内，通过占空控制来调节氢气从氢罐21内放出的流量。
主阀部分410包括上述的阀体401以及阀座402。阀体401由提动阀型构成，且由金属形成。阀体401的轴线方向Y-Y，与氢罐21的轴线方向X-X正交。另外，喷射器29的轴线方向意指阀体401的移动方向，该场合下相当于阀体401的轴线方向Y-Y。
阀座402由具有密封性以及耐压性的环状的树脂构件构成，具有比外罩300(基体)高的弹性模数。阀座402的中心开口，作为向二次侧喷射氢气的喷射孔404发挥作用。喷射孔404的开口面积，可根据阀体401的轴向的位置而变化。在阀体401与阀座402抵接的状态下，喷射孔404的开口面积为0，氢气向二次侧的流出被截断。如上所述，由于使阀座402具有弹性，因此可以使阀体401与阀座402强力密着地抵接，能够以良好的密封性截断氢气向二次侧的流出。
电磁元件部分420可以由I柱塞型等各种基本结构构成，在此由所谓的平板型构成。具体地，电磁元件部分420由线圈421、铁心422、以及与阀体401一体形成的平板状的柱塞423构成。在铁心422与柱塞423之间存在间隙的同时，在与阀体401同轴(Y-Y方向)上设有弹簧425。弹簧425对阀体401朝向阀座402附加外力。
对于喷射器29而言，通过对线圈421通电，被磁化的铁心吸引柱塞423以及阀体401。由此，阀体401抵抗弹簧425，向离开阀座402的方向移动。反之，当停止对线圈421的通电，即将电磁元件420消磁时，阀体401由于弹簧425的弹簧力而向与阀座402抵接的方向移动。供给至线圈421的电流是脉冲状励磁电流。
这样，喷射器29被构成为通过向线圈421供给的脉冲状励磁电流的导通和关闭，可两阶段、多阶段、连续(无阶段)或线性地切换喷射孔404的开口时间(开阀时间)或开口面积。另外，喷射器29，通过由控制装置7输出的控制信号控制气体从喷射口404喷射的时间以及时机，由此高精度地调节氢气的流量以及压力。作为此时的喷射器29的控制方法，可以使用使脉冲状励磁电流的占空比变化的占空控制。在此，所谓占空比，是将脉冲状励磁电流的导通(ON)时间除以将脉冲状励磁电流的导通(ON)时间和关闭(OFF)时间相加的开关周期而得到的值。通过改变占空比，喷射器29能够将二次压力调节成为0～一次压力(罐内压力)的任意压力。如图2所示，喷射器29上，与电磁元件部分420相邻地设有操纵部430。操纵部430的一部分位于比外罩300外表面更靠外的外侧，以便操作者能够操作。操纵部430的轴线方向与轴线方向Y-Y一致。操纵部430的外周面的一部分上形成有外螺纹431，以便与外罩300进行螺纹连接。通过从外罩300卸下操纵部430，能够调节喷射器29的主阀部分410以及电磁元件部分420。
根据以上说明的本实施方式，在氢罐21上设置喷射器29，在使氢气从氢罐21向供给路22流出时，可以由喷射器29调节氢气的流量以及压力。由此，与在氢罐21上设置机械式调压阀的情况相比，能够精确地调节氢气从氢罐21向燃料电池2的放出流量(供给流量)。而且，由于喷射器29与机械式的调压阀相比，响应性高，因此，能够以良好的响应性向燃料电池2供给与燃料电池2的发电量、氢气的消耗状态或运行状态相应的流量的氢气。
另外，喷射器29还能够截断氢气向二次侧的流出，能够使喷射器29本身作为罐主阀发挥作用。尤其是在截断时，一次侧的氢气压力(罐内压力)作用于柱塞423的与铁心422相对的面，因此阀体401通过柱塞423作用闭阀方向的推力。由此，阀体401与阀座402的密合度提高，可以提高喷射器29内的流路的截断性。
另一方面，在本实施方式中，在喷射器29的一次侧，设有作为罐主阀的主截止阀26。因此，通过在燃料电池系统1停止时(氢气供给停止时)，关闭主截止阀26，能够抑制对喷射器29直接作用罐内压力。另外，在喷射器29的截断特性降低的情况下，还能够用主截止阀26截断氢气从氢罐21流出，能够很好地实现失效保护。
此外，从配置喷射器29的方面来看，具有以下的作用效果。
即，由于将喷射器29配置在氢罐21的外侧，因此可以提高喷射器29的操作性和维护性。另外，喷射器29与外部气体的热交换变得容易，所以可以抑制气体放出时的氢罐21的温度下降的影响。
而且，由于使喷射器29的轴线方向Y-Y与氢罐21的轴线方向X-X正交，因此可使在氢罐21上设有阀组件30的状态的结构的总长较短。由此，作为总体可以小型化，能够减小氢罐21等的设置空间的占有区域。从与受限的设置空间的关系来看，可以相对地使氢罐21在纵向伸长，能够增加氢气的贮藏容量。另外，还可以为使喷射器29的轴线方向Y-Y与氢罐21的轴线方向X-X交叉的构成。
第2实施方式
接着，参照图3，关于第2实施方式的喷射器29(阀)，以不同点为中心进行说明。与第1实施方式的不同点是：将阀组件30中的喷射器29的配置变更为同轴形。另外，关于与第1实施方式共同的构成，附加与第1实施方式相同的符号，省略其详细说明。
喷射器29具有主阀部分410、电磁元件部分420以及操纵部分430，所述410、420、以及430，它们沿着氢罐21的轴线方向X-X依次配置在阀组件30的第1区域301。即，在本实施方式中，相当于阀体401的轴线方向的喷射器29的轴线方向，与氢罐21的轴线方向X-X一致。
在操纵部分430中贯通形成有环状或多个的氢气的流路451。流路451沿轴线方向X-X延伸，与外罩300内的流路453连通。流路453沿轴线方向X-X延伸使得氢气在电磁元件部分420的外周流通，并与喷射器29的二次侧的流路455连通。流路455形成于外罩300内，与供给路22连通。因此，贮存空间104内的氢气，在喷射器29内依次流经流路451、流路453、喷射孔404以及流路455，流出至供给路22中。
本实施方式与第1实施方式相比，有用之点在于：通过将喷射器29设置在与氢罐21同轴上，喷射器29容易自清洁。
具体地讲，在阀体401的轴方向的移动时可发生的磨损粉等的污染物，可以与流经流路453的氢气一起排出到流路455中。由此，在喷射器29内的电磁元件部分420的周围不会滞留污染物，能够以简易的结构自清洁喷射器29。这样的自清洁效果，在柱塞423的外周面或阀体401的外周面与外罩300的内壁滑动的场合特别有用。另外，在图3中没有示出柱塞423的外周面或阀体401的外周面滑动的形态。
作为本实施方式的变形例，喷射器29的轴线方向可以与氢罐21的轴线方向X-X不一致，例如两者平行也可以。在这种场合，也能够获得与上述同样的作用效果。另外，在阀组件30中省略了主截止阀26，当然，也可以在喷射器29的一次侧设置主截止阀26。
另外，在第1实施方式和第2实施方式中说明的喷射器29，可以进行向二次侧流通的气体的压力的调节，因此也可以解释为调压阀(减压阀、调压器)。
产业上的利用可能性
以上说明的本发明的燃料电池系统1，可以装载在两轮和四轮的车辆、电车、飞机、船舶、机器人等移动体上。另外，燃料电池系统1还可以定置使用，能够组装在热电联产系统中。此外，设置有喷射器29的罐既可以是储氢合金用的罐，又可以是贮藏烃系等燃料气体的罐。例如，罐可以是以例如20Mpa贮藏压缩天然气的罐，贮藏的流体可以是气体或液体等，其种类并不被限定。

Claims (13)

1.一种阀，是被构成为可调节流体向二次侧的流量的阀，其设置于罐上使得二次侧成为来自该罐内的流体的放出侧，被构成为可通过占空控制来调节流体从该罐内放出的流量。
2.如权利要求1所述的阀，具有通过占空控制来调节所述放出流量的流量调节机构，
所述流量调节机构被构成为可截断来自所述罐内的流体的放出。
3.如权利要求2所述的阀，所述流量调节机构具备：阀体；与该阀体脱离和抵接的阀座；以及，使该阀体相对于该阀座沿脱离和抵接的方向移动的电磁元件。
4.如权利要求3所述的阀，所述阀座在其中心具有开口，
所述开口的面积根据所述阀体的位置可变。
5.如权利要求3所述的阀，所述占空控制是通过改变向所述电磁元件供给的脉冲状励磁电流的占空比来进行的。
6.如权利要求3所述的阀，所述流量调节机构被构成为使得所述罐内的压力沿该阀体与所述阀座抵接的方向作用于该阀体。
7.如权利要求1～6的任一项所述的阀，该阀的轴线与所述罐的轴线大致平行或一致。
8.如权利要求1～6的任一项所述的阀，该阀位于所述罐的主体的外侧，该阀的轴线与所述罐的轴线大致正交。
9.如权利要求1～8的任一项所述的阀，在所述罐上设有与该阀不同体的主截止阀，
所述主截止阀位于该阀的一次侧。
10.如权利要求9所述的阀，所述主截止阀位于所述罐的内侧。
11.一种阀控制装置，对权利要求1～10的任一项所述的阀进行占空控制。
12.一种燃料电池系统，是具备：权利要求1～10的任一项所述的阀以及所述罐、和
被供给氧化气体和燃料气体的燃料电池的燃料电池系统，
所述罐内的所述流体为燃料气体。
13.一种燃料电池系统，是具备：权利要求1所述的阀、
贮存燃料气体的罐、
从所述罐得到燃料气体供给的燃料电池、和
设置于所述罐上使得其位于所述阀的一次侧的主截止阀的燃料电池系统，
所述主截止阀在该燃料电池系统停止时闭阀。
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