CN101386580A - 氨基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 - Google Patents
氨基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了氨基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途,具体而言,公开了一类新的免疫调节剂如通式(I)所示,其制备方法,含有它们的药物组合物,及其作为药物,尤其作为免疫调节药物的用途。这类化合物优良疗效且毒性低的化合物,可用于免疫增强、免疫抑制方面;并且可用于治疗和/或免疫力低下、器官移植后排斥反应以及自身免疫疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类新的免疫调节剂,其制备方法,含有它们的药物组合物,及其作为药物,尤其作为免疫调节药物的用途,属于医药技术领域。
背景技术
机体的免疫反应是抗体排除外来物质如细菌,病毒和移植物等的重要防御机制,也是防止自身细胞变异而致病的重要自稳机制。通过影响机体免疫功能,达到预防和治疗疾病的手段称为免疫治疗或免疫疗法。
免疫调节是指在免疫反应中,各种免疫细胞及其亚群间,细胞与各种细胞因子间存在着的刺激与抑制,或正相与负相两方面作用构成的相互制约的调节网络,完成对抗原的识别与反应。
免疫调节剂是指作用于免疫反应的不同环节,发挥其调节作用,使机体的免疫反应处于所需要的范围之内,达到预防或治疗疾病的目的。用药物促进低下的免疫功能恢复正常或防止免疫功能降低,达到防治目的,称免疫增强治疗。用药物抑制与免疫有关细胞的增殖和功能,减低机体免疫反应的疗法,称为免疫抑制治疗。所使用的药物分别称为免疫增强剂和免疫抑制剂,总称免疫调节剂。
免疫增强剂在临床上主要用于抗肿瘤的辅助治疗;疫苗佐剂;抗菌、抗病毒化疗的辅助治疗;免疫缺陷性疾患;抗炎药、延缓衰老药、升白细胞剂等。
免疫增强剂在实际的临床应用中有较多不良反应。例如,胸腺素的主要副作用为过敏反应,低热、皮疹、寻麻疹、头昏等不良反应也较为常见。左旋咪唑的副作用涉及多个器官和组织。初期为头痛、恶心、发热、四肢无力等流感综合征,或风疹样皮疹等过敏反应。而后出现智力减退、意识障碍、不自主运动、幻视和昏迷,甚至于瘫痪;消化系统副作用为呕吐、食欲不振和腹泻。此外,左旋咪唑还可以引起白细胞、血小板减少,或急性溶血及急性粒细胞性缺乏症,皮肤瘙痒及多种类型的皮疹。白细胞介素-2高剂量时毒性反应严重,主要生理病理表现为毛细血管渗漏综合征,可引起组织水肿,导致心、肾功能衰竭。而甲氰咪胍的副作用为心律失常。
免疫抑制剂在临床上主要用于器官移植后的排斥反应以及自身免疫病。但是,免疫抑制剂也有较多的不良反应。
糖皮质激素的副作用为股骨头坏死、白内障、浮肿、妇女多毛症、高血糖、高血脂、高血压、伤口治愈不良、肌病、骨质疏松、消化性溃疡、人格改变及肥胖;环孢菌素的副作用为腹泻、牙龈增生、头痛、溶血性尿毒性综合征、妇女多毛症、高血钾、高血脂、高血压、高尿酸、低血镁、恶心、肾毒性、胰腺炎、麻痹、搔痒、震颤及静脉血栓;他克莫司的副作用为心脏肥大、低胆固醇、腹泻、头痛、高血糖、高血钾、高血压、低血镁、肾毒性、神经毒性、恶心、搔痒及震颤;硫唑嘌呤的副作用为癌症、肝毒性、白细胞减少症、恶心、胰腺炎及呕吐;麦考酚酸酯的副作用为腹泻、浮肿、头痛、高血压、骨髓抑制、恶心、肾毒性及震颤;雷帕米星的副作用为口腔溃疡、关节痛、深静脉血栓、水肿、头痛、高血脂、高血压、间质性肺疾病及凡科尼综合征(全血细胞减少症)等。
综上所述,研究开发高效低毒副作用的免疫调节药物是十分必要的。
1990年,日本的Fujita等人从冬虫夏草棒囊孢菌的培养基中分离得到化合物ISP-I,发现此分子具有较高的免疫抑制活性。化合物ISP-I曾经作为抗真菌剂也分别从两种真菌Myrioccocum albomyces和Mycelia sterilia的培养基中分离得到,分别称为Myriocin和Thermozymocidin。大鼠异源淋巴腺效应引发的淋巴细胞增殖实验(MLR)和大鼠体内同源效应细胞毒素T淋巴细胞的产生实验(CTL)表明,ISP-I的活性比环孢菌素高10-100倍。
在对ISP—I的结构改造的研究中,Fujita等人又发现FTY720具有比较理想的免疫抑制活性,目前已有很多FTY720的衍生物在文献中被报道,文献见TetsuroFujita等人,生物有机与药物化学快报(Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters),5,847(1995);Tetsuro Fujita等人,生物有机与药物化学快报(Bioorganic & MedicinalChemistry Letters),5,1857(1995);Ryoji Hirose等人,生物有机与药物化学快报(Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters),6,2647(1996);Masatoshi Kiuchi等人,生物有机与药物化学快报(Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters),8,101(1998);Tetsuro Fujita等人,药物化学杂志(J.Med.Chem.),39,4451(1996);Masatoshi Kiuchi等人,药物化学杂志(J.Med.Chem.),43,2946(2000).但是所有上述文献报道的FTY720衍生物均不同与本发明中所涉及的化合物。
发明内容
本发明经过长期研究已发现后面详述的新的FTY720衍生物具有优良的免疫调节活性,特别是在免疫抑制活性方面表现出优良的药用性质,同时部分化合物在免疫增强活性方面也表现出可观的药用性质。本发明在以上发现的基础上得以完成。
本发明一个方面提供了优良疗效且毒性低的免疫调节剂,如式(I)FTY720的衍生物及其立体异构体。
本发明再一个方面涉及的是药物组合物,其中包括作为活性成分的通式(I)FTY720衍生物或其立体异构体及制药领域中常用的载体。
本发明再一方面涉及的是通式(I)FTY720衍生物或含有它的药物组合物在预防和/或治疗免疫调节方面的用途。
本发明再一方面涉及的是预防和/或治疗免疫系统疾病的方法,其包括将通式(I)FTY720衍生物或含有它的药物组合物给药于需预防和/或治疗的宿主。
具体讲,本发明涉及式(I)FTY720的衍生物及其立体异构体,
其中,
R1为C2-10的直链或支链饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有含1-3个双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以被含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代;
R2、R3为氢,C1-4的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置.R2和R3也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环,环上可以带有取代基;R2和R3可以相同也可以不相同;
R4、R5为氢,C1-4的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;R4和R5也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环,环上可以带有取代基;R4和R5可以相同也可以不相同;
X、Y不同时为氢,可以为杂原子或含有取代基的杂原子,其中杂原子包含氧、氮、硫;杂原子上的取代基为氢或C1-4的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代,可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代;芳基是指苯基和萘基;取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;X,Y可以相同也可以不相同。
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ia)表示的化合物,其中R1如通式(I)所定义,X为羟基,Y为氢,R2、R3、R4和R5为氢;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ib)表示的化合物,其中R1如通式(I)所定义,R2、R3、R4、R5和Y为氢,X为OR6,所述R6为氢或C1-4的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代,也可以为含有芳基的取代基;芳基是指苯基和萘基;取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ic)表示的化合物,其中R1如通式(I)所定义,R2、R3、R4、R5和Y为氢,X为OR7,所述R7为氢或C1-4的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代,也可以为含有芳基的取代基;芳基是指苯基和萘基;取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Id)表示的化合物,其中R1如通式(I)所定义,R2、R3、R4、R5和Y为氢,X为NR8R9.所述R8、R9为氢或C1-4的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代,也可以为含有芳基的取代基;芳基是指苯基和萘基;取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;R8和R9可以相同也可以不相同,也可以是连接在一起的被取代基取代的单个或多个碳的碳桥,取代基可以是氢、烃基、羟基、羰基、也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的烃基取代基;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ie)表示的化合物,其中R1、X和Y如通式(I)所定义,R2、R3为氢,R4、R5可以相同也可以不相同,选自氢、C1-4的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;R4和R5也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环或带有取代基的环;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(If)所代表的化合物,其中R1、X、Y如通式(I)所定义,R4、R5为氢,R2、R3可以相同也可以不相同,选自氢,C1-8的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含1—3个双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;R2和R3也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环或带有取代基的环;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ig)所代表的化合物,其中R1、R4、R5、X、Y如通式(I)所定义,R2为氢,R3为乙酰基;
根据本发明,优选的式(I)化合物,包括但不限定于式(Ih)所代表的化合物,其中R1、X、Y如通式(I)所定义,R2为氢,R3为乙酰基,R4、R5为连接在一起的二甲基取代的二噁烷;
根据本发明,通式(I)的FTY720衍生物显示出优良的免疫调节活性,其与已上市的其他免疫调节药物相比,具有高效、低毒副作用的特点,特别是此类化合物中既有具有免疫增强活性的化合物也有免疫抑制活性的化合物。
在本发明中,术语“烷基”是指含1个或多个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,例如甲基,乙基,异丙基,正丁基,异丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,戊基,异戊基,新戊基,仲戊基,己基,异己基,仲己基,庚基,辛基,壬基,癸基等,所述烷基可未取代或被羟基或羰基取代。
在本发明中,术语“烃基”是指不含或者含1个或多个双键或叁键的烷基。所述烷基如上定义。
根据本发明,同时(I)化合物可以以异构体的形式存在,而且通常所述的本发明“化合物”包括该化合物的异构体。
通式(I)化合物可以存在双键的顺反异构,不对称中心具有S构型或R构型,本发明包括所有可能的立体异构体以及两种或多种异构体的混合物。如果存在顺/反异构体,本发明涉及顺式形式和反式形式以及这些形式的混合物,如果需要单一异物体可根据常规方法分离或通过立体选择合成制备。
本发明因此还涉及以本发明化合物作为活性成份的药物组合物。该药物组合物可根据本领域公知的方法制备。可通过将本发明化合物与一种或多种药学上可接受的固体或液体赋形剂和/或辅剂结合,制成适于人或动物使用的任何剂型。本发明化合物在其药物组合物中的含量通常为0.1-95重量%。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药,给药途径可为肠道或非肠道,如口服、静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、鼻腔、口腔粘膜、眼、肺和呼吸道、皮肤、阴道、直肠等。
给药剂型可以是液体剂型、固体剂型或半固体剂型。液体剂型可以是溶液剂(包括真溶液和胶体溶液)、乳剂(包括o/w型、w/o型和复乳)、混悬剂、注射剂(包括水针剂、粉针剂和输液)、滴眼剂、滴鼻剂、洗剂和搽剂等;固体剂型可以是片剂(包括普通片、肠溶片、含片、分散片、咀嚼片、泡腾片、口腔崩解片)、胶囊剂(包括硬胶囊、软胶囊、肠溶胶囊)、颗粒剂、散剂、微丸、滴丸、栓剂、膜剂、贴片、气(粉)雾剂、喷雾剂等;半固体剂型可以是软膏剂、凝胶剂、糊剂等。
本发明化合物可以制成普通制剂、也制成是缓释制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
为了将本发明化合物制成片剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种赋形剂,包括稀释剂、黏合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、助流剂。稀释剂可以是淀粉、糊精、蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、微晶纤维素、硫酸钙、磷酸氢钙、碳酸钙等;湿润剂可以是水、乙醇、异丙醇等;粘合剂可以是淀粉浆、糊精、糖浆、蜂蜜、葡萄糖溶液、微晶纤维素、阿拉伯胶浆、明胶浆、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、丙烯酸树脂、卡波姆、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇等;崩解剂可以是干淀粉、微晶纤维素、低取代羟丙基纤维素、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基淀粉钠、碳酸氢钠与枸橼酸、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基磺酸钠等;润滑剂和助流剂可以是滑石粉、二氧化硅、硬脂酸盐、酒石酸、液体石蜡、聚乙二醇等。
还可以将片剂进一步制成包衣片,例如糖包衣片、薄膜包衣片、肠溶包衣片,或双层片和多层片。
为了将给药单元制成胶囊剂,可以将有效成分本发明化合物与稀释剂、助流剂混合,将混合物直接置于硬胶囊或软胶囊中。也可将有效成分本发明化合物先与稀释剂、黏合剂、崩解剂制成颗粒或微丸,再置于硬胶囊或软胶囊中。用于制备本发明化合物片剂的各稀释剂、黏合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、助流剂品种也可用于制备本发明化合物的胶囊剂。
为将本发明化合物制成注射剂,可以用水、乙醇、异丙醇、丙二醇或它们的混合物作溶剂并加入适量本领域常用的增溶剂、助溶剂、pH调剂剂、渗透压调节剂。增溶剂或助溶剂可以是泊洛沙姆、卵磷脂、羟丙基-β-环糊精等;pH调剂剂可以是磷酸盐、醋酸盐、盐酸、氢氧化钠等;渗透压调节剂可以是氯化钠、甘露醇、葡萄糖、磷酸盐、醋酸盐等。如制备冻干粉针剂,还可加入甘露醇、葡萄糖等作为支撑剂。
此外,如需要,也可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、防腐剂、香料、矫味剂或其它添加剂。
为达到用药目的,增强治疗效果,本发明的药物或药物组合物可用任何公知的给药方法给药。
本发明化合物药物组合物的给药剂量依照所要预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,患者或动物的个体情况,给药途径和剂型等可以有大范围的变化。一般来讲,本发明化合物的每天的合适剂量范围为0.001-150mg/Kg体重,优选为0.1-100mg/Kg体重,更优选为1-60mg/Kg体重,最优选为2-30mg/Kg体重。上述剂量可以一个剂量单位或分成几个剂量单位给药,这取决于医生的临床经验以及包括运用其它治疗手段的给药方案。
本发明的化合物或组合物可单独服用,或与其他治疗药物或对症药物合并使用。当本发明的化合物与其它治疗药物存在协同作用时,应根据实际情况调整它的剂量。
根据本发明,本发明式(I)化合物在与免疫调节有关的药理试验中,部分能有效降低外周血淋巴细胞总数,部分能有效升高外周血淋巴细胞总数,显示出优良的免疫调节活性。因此,本发明中保护的化合物是一类具有双向调控淋巴细胞数量和人体免疫反应的新化合物,很有可能开发为一种或多种用于免疫调节的新药。
根据本发明,通式(I)化合物及其异构体用于动物,优选于哺乳动物,特别是人,在免疫增强、免疫抑制方面;并且用于治疗和/或免疫力低下、器官移植后排斥反应以及自身免疫疾病的用途。因而可以作为免疫调节药物使用。
具体实施方式
下面实例及药物活性实验用来进一步说明本发明,但这并不意味这对发明的任何限制。在本发明中,使用的原料为已知化合物或按本领域技术人员公知的方法制备的化合物。制备虽然不生成本发明的化合物,但是合成制备本通式(I)化合物的有用中间体。
制备
步骤A:正辛酰基苯
6.843g(47.5mmol)正辛酸与2.740g(19mmol)三氯化膦置于三颈瓶中,搅拌并加热到55-60℃维持3小时。停止加热,放置冷却到室温,倾出上层清液,并用20mL的苯洗涤残余物。将苯与倾出的上层液体合并,放置于另一三颈瓶中,搅拌,缓慢分批加入7.600g(57mmol)三氯化铝,反应在室温下进行4小时。停止搅拌,反应混合液倾入冰和稀盐酸的混合液中并不停搅拌。放置分层,分出有机层,水层用苯萃取三次,合并有机层。有机层依次用稀盐酸、水、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥有机层,过滤,蒸除溶剂得到油状产物正辛酰基苯8.237g,收率84%。
MS:204(M+),133,120,105,77.
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.884(t,3H,-CH3),1.362-1.392(m,10H,5CH2),1.719-1.773(m,2H,CH2),2.964(t,2H,2CH2),7.458(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,2ArH),7.552(t,J=5.7Hz,1H,ArH),7.458(d,J=5.7Hz,2H,2ArH).
步骤B:正辛基苯
45g(220mmol)正辛酰基苯溶于120mL95%的乙醇中,加入2mL70%高氯酸。中压(3bar)氢化,直到不再消耗氢气。反应液过滤,浓缩,残余物溶于乙酸乙酯,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,有机层干燥,过滤,浓缩,得正辛基苯35g,收率83.7%。
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.889(t,3H,-CH3),1.279-1.315(m,10H,5CH2),1.583-1.656(m,2H,CH2),2.608(t,2H,2CH2),7.177(t,J=5.7Hz,3H,3ArH),7.279(t,J=5.7Hz,2H,2ArH).
步骤C:4-正辛基苯乙酮
1.217g(6.4mmol)正辛基苯和0.628g(8mmol)乙酰氯置于三颈瓶中,室温搅拌,分批加入1.175g(8.8mmol)三氯化铝,加完后继续搅拌1小时。停止搅拌,反应混合液倾入冰和稀盐酸的混合液中并不停搅拌。放置分层,分出有机层,水层用苯萃取三次,合并有机层。有机层依次用稀盐酸、水、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液和饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥有机层,过滤,蒸除溶剂得到油状产物1.375g,收率93%。
MS:232(M+),217.
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.886(t,3H,-CH3),1.273-1.322(m,10H,5CH2),1.634(m,2H,CH2),2.590(s,3H,CH3),2.665(t,2H,2CH2),7.269(d,J=6.3Hz,2H,2ArH),7.876(d,J=6.3Hz,2H,2ArH).
步骤D:4-辛基-α-溴代苯乙酮
4.2g(18mmol)4-正辛基苯乙酮溶于5mL乙醚中,搅拌,冰浴冷却下加入50mg(0.37mmol)三氯化铝,滴加2.9g(18mmol)溴,搅拌0.5小时,减压浓缩,所得固体分别用冰水洗涤,冰冷的95%乙醇洗涤,减压干燥得4.8g4-辛基-α-溴代苯乙酮,收率85%.
MS:312,310,217.
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.877(t,3H,-CH3),1.267-1.308(m,10H,5CH2),1.632(m,2H,CH2),2.670(t,2H,2CH2),4.434(s,2H,CH2)7.281(d,J=6.0Hz,2H,2ArH),7.893(d,J=6.0Hz,2H,2ArH).
步骤E:2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-氧-乙基]-1,3-丙二酸二乙酯
0.4g(17.2mmol)钠溶于16mL无水乙醇中,加入4.7g(21.6mmol)乙酰胺基丙二酸二乙酯,搅拌,冰浴冷却下,40分钟内滴加4.8g(15.4mmol)4-辛基-α-溴代苯乙酮的无水乙醚溶液。0℃搅拌2小时,减压浓缩,残余物以乙酸乙酯提取,水洗至中性,无水硫酸钠干燥,浓缩,柱层析分离(乙酸乙酯/石油醚=3:1)得6.2g油状物,收率95%。
MS:447(M),374,332,217
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.86(t,3H,-CH3),1.18-1.40(m,16H,2CH3,5CH2),1.60(m,2H,CH2),1.93(s,3H,CH3),2.64(t,J=7.8Hz,2H,CH2),4.20-4.35(m,6H,CH2,2OCH2)7.10(s,1H,NH),7.26(d,J=8.1Hz,2H,2ArH),7.86(d,J=8.1Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例1
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
1.68g(3.8mmol)2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-氧-乙基]-1,3-丙二酸二乙酯溶于30mL95%乙醇中,加入6.84g(30mmol)磷酸氢二钾的水溶液,然后加入硼氢化钠的10%的水溶液(0.74g硼氢化钠/5mL水/0.5mL10%氢氧化钠),室温下搅拌6小时后减压抽去乙醇,乙酸乙酯提取,有机层分别用1N的盐酸,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,无水硫酸镁干燥。浓缩得白色固体1.29g,乙酸乙酯重结晶得0.94g,收率98%。
MS:753.8(2M+Na),388.5(M+Na),366.6(M+1),348.6.
NMR(DMSO δ):0.85(t,J=6.4,3H,-CH3),1.24-1.26(m,10H,5CH2),1.53(m,2H,CH2),1.69-1.75(dd,J=10.0,14.8,1H,1/2CH2),1.83(s,3H,CH3),2.05(d,J=13.2Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.59(t,2H,CH2),3.45(d,J=11.2,1H,CH2),3.53-3.64(m,3H,CH2),4.68(d,J=9.6Hz,1H,OH),4.80(t,J=5.6Hz,1H,CH),4.96(s,1H,OH),4.49(s,1H,OH),7.10(d,J=8Hz,2H,2ArH),7.18(d,J=8Hz,2H,2ArH),7.31(s,1H,NH).
实施例2
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
1.005g(2.75mmol)2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇溶于30mL四氢呋喃中,搅拌,加入39mg(0.275mmol)对甲基苯磺酸(含一个结晶水),滴加1.430g(13.75mmol)2,2-二甲氧基丙烷。加热反应温度在30-40℃,维持反应温度6小时。用碳酸氢钠终止反应。浓缩反应液,残余物用乙酸乙酯提取,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,过滤,浓缩,残余物经柱层析分离,得白色晶体427mg。收率38%。
NMR(CDCl3 δ):0.87(t,J=6.8,3H,-CH3),1.26-1.29(m,10H,5CH2),1.41(s,3H,CH3),1.46(s,3H,CH3),1.58(m,2H,CH2),1.78-1.84(dd,J=10.0,14.8,1H,1/2CH2),2.02(s,3H,CH3),2.35-2.39(dd,J=2.0,14.8,1H,1/2CH2),2.57(t,2H,CH2),3.69(t,J=11.2,2H,CH2),4.20(d,J=12.0Hz,1H,1/2CH2),4.43(d,J=12.0Hz,1H,1/2CH2),4.87(d,J=9.6Hz,1H,CH),6.22(s,1H,NH),7.14(d,J=7.6Hz,2H,2ArH),7.26(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例3
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
40mg(0.099mmol)2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷溶于10mL干燥的四氢呋喃中,加入5mg(0.197mmol)60%的氢化钠,搅拌5-10分钟后,加入42.8mg(0.294mmol)碘甲烷,加热到35℃,维持3-6小时。加水终止反应,乙酸乙酯提取反应液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,浓缩,柱层析得白色晶体33mg。收率80%。
MS:839.8,442.6,420.6,388.6,330.6.
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.87(t,J=7.2,3H,-CH3),1.26-1.29(m,10H,5CH2),1.40(s,3H,CH3),1.46(s,3H,CH3),1.59(m,2H,CH2),1.78-1.84(dd,J=10.0,14.8Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.00(s,3H,CH3),2.43-2.45(dd,J=2.0,15.2Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.57(t,2H,CH2),3.17(s,3H,CH3),3.59-3.68(dd,J=12.4,21.6,2H,CH2),4.26(d,J=10.8Hz,2H,CH2),4.44(d,J=12.0Hz,1H,CH),6.29(s,1H,NH),7.13(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,2ArH),7.17(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例4
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
60mg(0.143mmol)2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷溶于4mL四氢呋喃中,搅拌,加3mL水,加入0.5mL1N的盐酸,室温反应。4小时后补加0.5mL1N的盐酸,再搅拌反应4小时。乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤有机层至中性。有机层干燥,浓缩,残余物柱层析得油状物15mg。收率28%。
MS:781.7,759.7,406.6,388.6,380.6
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.87(t,J=6.8,3H,CH3),1.26-1.29(m,10H,5CH2),1.57(m,2H,CH2),1.76-1.84(dd,J=10.8,15.2Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.02(s,3H,CH3),2.22-2.26(d,J=15.2Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.58(t,2H,CH2),3.22(s,3H,CH3),3.49-3.58(dd,J=12.0,21.2,2H,CH2),3.70(d,1H,CH2),3.86(d,1H,CH2)4.34(d,1H,CH),5.22(s,1H,NH),7.13(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,2ArH),7.17(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例5
2-氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
200mg(0.527mmol)2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇溶于15mL甲醇中,加入20mg(0.527mmol)氢氧化钠,搅拌加热至回流,维持2小时。浓缩反应液,残余物用乙醚提取,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤至中性。干燥,过滤,得白色固体约10mg。
收率6%。
MS:338.6,306.5
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.87(t,J=6.8,3H,CH3),1.26-1.30(m,10H,5CH2),1.58(m,2H,CH2),1.99-2.05(dd,J=10.4,14.4Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.47(s,1H),2.58(t,2H,CH2),3.20(s,3H,OCH3),3.46-3.58(t,4H,2CH2),4.38(d,1H,CH),5.22(s,1H,NH),7.15(dd,J=8.4,12.4Hz,4H,4ArH).
实施例6
2-氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
60mg(0.164mmol)2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇溶于5mL甲醇中,加入6.5mg(0.146mmol)固体氢氧化钠,搅拌加热回流1.5小时。浓缩反应液,残余物用乙醚提取,有机相用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤至中性。干燥,过滤,得白色固体约25mg。
收率50%。
MS:346.1,324.4.
1HNMR(DMSO δ):0.84(t,J=6.8,3H,CH3),1.18-1.25(m,10H,5CH2),1.54(m,2H,CH2),1.73-1.76(m,CH2),2.52(t,2H,CH2),3.31(s,3H,OCH3),3.49(m,2H,CH2),3.60(m,2H,CH2),4.83(dd,1H,CH),5.22(s,1H,NH),7.13(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,2ArH),7.22(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例7
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-丁基氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷50mg(0.123mmol)2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷溶于5mL干燥的四氢呋喃中,加入9mg(0.369mmol)氢化钠,室温搅拌10分钟,滴加51mg(0.369mmol)正溴丁烷,加热到回流温度,反应进行7小时。加入乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,浓缩,残余物柱层析,得有油状物20mg。收率44.4%。
MS:484.5,462.5,388.5,330.5
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.88(t,3H,CH3),1.26-1.33(m,10H,5CH2),1.40(s,3H,CH3),1.51(s,3H,CH3),1.57(m,2H,CH2),1.64-1.68(m,1H,1/2CH2),2.01(s,3H,CH3),2.45-2.49(d,J=15.2Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.57(t,2H,CH2),3.16-3.21(m,1H,1/2CH2),3.28-3.36(m,1H,1/2CH2),3.62(d,J=12.0,2H,CH2),4.33-4.40(d,J=10.0,18.0Hz,2H,CH2),4.51(d,J=12.4Hz,1H,CH),6.45(s,1H,NH),7.12(d,J=7.6Hz,2H,2ArH),7.17(d,J=7.6Hz,2H,2ArH).
实施例8
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-苯甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷115mg(0.284mmol)2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷溶于8mL干燥的四氢呋喃中,加入23mg(0.568mmol)氢化钠,室温搅拌10分钟,滴加72mg(0.568mmol)氯苄,加热到回流温度,反应进行7小时。加入乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,浓缩,残余物柱层析,得有油状物43mg。
收率30%。
MS:518.5,496.6,438.5,388.5,330.5.
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.88(t,3H,CH3),1.23-1.31(m,10H,5CH2),1.37(s,3H,CH3),1.46(s,3H,CH3),1.61(m,2H,CH2),1.70-1.76(dd,J=10.4,14.8Hz,1H,1/2CH2),1.82(s,3H,CH3),2.48(d,J=14.8Hz,1H,1/2CH2),2.60(t,2H,CH2),3.55-3.64(dd,J=2H,CH2),4.18(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,CH2),4.29(d,J=12.0Hz,1H,CH2),4.42-4.54(m,3H,CH,CH2),6.21(s,1H,NH),7.17(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.24-7.35(m,7H,ArH).
实施例9
2-乙酰氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-苯甲基氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇40mg(0..088mmol)2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-苯甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷溶于2mL四氢呋喃中,加2mL水,1mL1N盐酸,室温搅拌6小时。乙酸乙酯稀释反应液,有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤,干燥,过滤,得无色油状物20mg,收率55%。
1HNMR(CDCl3 δ):0.88(t,3H,CH3),1.27-1.32(m,10H,5CH2),1.62(m,2H,CH2),1.82(dd,J=10.8,15.6Hz,1H,CH2),2.18(d,J=15.2Hz,1H,CH2),2.61(t,2H,CH2),3.45-3.54(dd,J=11.6,22.4,2H,CH2),3.68(d,J=12Hz,2H,CH2),3.90(d,J=11.6,1H,CH2)4.20(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,CH2),4.46(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,CH2),4.61(d,J=10.0Hz,1H,CH),5.29(s,1H,NH),7.20(d,J=8.0Hz,2H,ArH),7.25-7.38(m,7H,ArH).
实施例10
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-氧-乙基]-1,3-丙二酸单乙酯的合成
104mg(0.25mmol)2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-氧-乙基]-1,3-丙二酸二乙酯溶于2mL乙醇,加入32mg(0.574mmol)氢氧化钾在1.5mL乙醇中的溶液,室温搅拌2小时,TLC检测。1N盐酸调节pH1-2,二氯甲烷提取,无水硫酸钠干燥,得60mg微黄色固体,收率57%.
熔点:105.0-107.0℃
1H-NMR(400M DMSO-d6)δ 13.45(s,1H,COOH),8.24(s,1H,NH),7.81(d,J=8.4Hz,2H,ArH),7.34(d,2H,J=8.4,ArH),4.12(dd,2H,J=6.8,14.0Hz,CH2),3.99(dd,2H,J=18.0,33.6Hz,CH2),2.63(t,J=7.2Hz,2H,CH2),1.81(s,3H,CH3),1.56(m,2H,CH2),1.25-1.18(m,10H,5CH2),0.83(t,J=6.4Hz,3H,CH3).
药理实验
180-200g SD雄性大鼠(清洁级)称重编号,随机分组,每组3只,设受试药物组、FTY720组、乙醇对照组和丙酮对照组。10mg/kg的剂量灌胃给药。给药前(即0时间点)及给药后0.25h、0.5h、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、12h及24h大鼠尾静脉采血,EDTA-2Na抗凝(20ul抗凝剂/0.5ml血)。用用全自动血细胞分析仪进行淋巴细胞计数,结果如表1。
表1.受试化合物对大鼠淋巴细胞计数的影响
所有数据用均数±标准差表示,各时间点与0时间点之间的数据比较使用单因素方差分析或卡方检验。*P<0.05
Claims (12)
1、式(I)所示的及其立体异构体,
其中,
R1为C2-10的直链或支链饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有含1-3个双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以被含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代;
R2、R3为氢,C1-4的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置.R2和R3也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环,环上可以带有取代基;R2和R3可以相同也可以不相同;
R4、R5为氢,C1-4的直链、支链或环状饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含双键或叁键,所述烃基可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代,取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;R4和R5也可以为连接在一起的C2-6环,环上可以带有取代基;R4和R5可以相同也可以不相同;
X、Y不同时为氢,可以为杂原子或含有取代基的杂原子,其中杂原子包含氧、氮、硫;杂原子上的取代基为氢或C1-4的直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,其中不饱和烃基可以含有双键或叁键,所述烃基为未取代或被羟基、羰基取代,也可以为含有一个或多个杂原子的直链或支链烃基取代,可以含有一个或多个杂原子或不含杂原子的脂环基或芳基取代;芳基是指苯基和萘基;取代基可以在烃基的任何位置;X,Y可以相同也可以不相同。
10、根据权利要求1-9的化合物,其特征在于,所述的化合物选自:
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
2-氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
2-氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-羟基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-丁基氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
2,2-二甲基-5-乙酰胺基-5-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-苯甲氧基-乙基]-1,3-二噁烷
2-乙酰氨基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-苯甲基氧基-乙基]-1,3-丙二醇
2-乙酰胺基-2-[2-(4-辛苯基)-2-氧-乙基]-1,3-丙二酸单乙酯。
11、一种药物组合物,含有权利要求1—10中任一化合物和药效学上可接受的载体。
12、权利要求1—10的化合物在制备免疫调节药物中的应用。
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CN102260178A (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 羟基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 |
CN102260177A (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 |
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CN102260178A (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 羟基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 |
CN102260177A (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 |
WO2011147311A1 (zh) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-01 | 中国医学科学院药物研究所 | 羟基丙二醇类衍生物、其制备方法和其药物组合物与用途 |
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