CN101367689A - Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof - Google Patents

Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101367689A
CN101367689A CNA2007100260653A CN200710026065A CN101367689A CN 101367689 A CN101367689 A CN 101367689A CN A2007100260653 A CNA2007100260653 A CN A2007100260653A CN 200710026065 A CN200710026065 A CN 200710026065A CN 101367689 A CN101367689 A CN 101367689A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
nitrogenous fertilizer
composite material
mineral soil
loss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2007100260653A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
乔菊
蔡冬清
卞坡
姜疆
余增亮
吴跃进
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institute of Plasma Physics of CAS
Original Assignee
Institute of Plasma Physics of CAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute of Plasma Physics of CAS filed Critical Institute of Plasma Physics of CAS
Priority to CNA2007100260653A priority Critical patent/CN101367689A/en
Publication of CN101367689A publication Critical patent/CN101367689A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Landscapes

  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental friendly composite material which can control the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer. Raw material components consist of active mineral soil, polymer material and monoammonium phosphate. The active mineral soil is attapulgite, sepiolite, fly ash or other similar low-cost active material or any mixture thereof. The polymer material is chitosan, polyacrylamide, plant starch and natural degradable environmental friendly material or any mixture thereof, which has the effect of flocculation and adsorption. The composite material is consistent with the immobilized phase of nitrogen and fertilizer needed by plant growth. Nitrogen is absorbed by crops fully, which reduces the usage amount of fertilizer and moreover reduces the risk of loss or volatilization for nitrogen. The material used by the method is environmental friendly and can not cause environmental pollution or health problem which includes the harms to wild animals, beneficial insects or plants.

Description

The circumstance friendly composite material of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer and preparation method, using method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environmental friendliness complex material and production technology, reduce the greenhouse gas emission and the body eutrophication pollution of area source that derive from chemical fertilizer.
Background technology
2002, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) delivered " global environment prospect " report, and big G﹠W pollution deterioration is classified as first of the eight overall situation problems.The most important inducement of topsoil is greenhouse gas emission, and it mainly is that nitrogen, phosphorus etc. enter water body and cause body eutrophication that water pollutes.One studies show that, because a large amount of uses and the improper use of chemical fertilizer, China has 123.5 ten thousand tons of nitrogen to flow to rivers and lakes by the surface water river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi every year, and 49.4 ten thousand tons enter underground water, and 2,990,000 tons enter atmosphere.Nitrogen enters water body through approach such as runoff, drip washing, causes the rivers,lakes and seas eutrophication, and volatile matter is with N 2The O form enters atmosphere, causes greenhouse gases to increase.As seen, a large amount of uses of nitrogenous fertilizer have formed the solid of " from underground to aerial " and have polluted, and the loss that causes is startling.
China lake is numerous, and is widely distributed, is the important component part of TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS.But because artificial and natural cause, the nutritive substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus that enter rivers,lakes and seas constantly increase, and the process of eutrophication is accelerated greatly.According to National Water Environmental monitoring net data of water quality monitoring in 2000 and country's " ground water environment quality standard " (GB3838-88), the water quality in more than 700 river of national nine large watershed sheets is estimated.In the 11.4 ten thousand km rivers of estimating were long, I class water accounted for 4.9%, and II class water accounts for 24.0%, and III class water accounts for 29.8%, and IV class water accounts for 16.1%, and V class water accounts for 8.1%, and bad V class water accounts for 17.1%.Withered, the wet season change of water quality is little.In addition, existing about 200,000 km of China 2The offshore sea waters be subjected to pollution effect, about 40,000 km 2Sea water quality can not satisfy the requirement of aquaculture, bathing beach, movement overseas amusement and strand tourism.According to statistics, red tide took place 119 times in China coastal waters altogether in 2003, and area accumulative total surpasses 10,000 km 2China suffered the red tide disaster 97 times in 2004, and cumulative area reaches 23400km 2
Nitrogen phosphorus source in the water body is a lot, and exogenous load and endogenous load is wherein arranged.Ectogenic nitrogen phosphorus has pollution of area source and point-source pollution.Pollution of area source is mainly derived from agricultural, accounts for 70%, and point-source pollution is mainly derived from sanitary sewage and trade effluent, and endogenous load has in the settling release, the aquatic animals and plants metabolism of nitrogen and phosphorus decompose etc.Estimate according to Isermann (1990),, account for 37%～82% nitrogen and 27～38% phosphorus in the agricultural soil and be discharged into surface water in West Europe.Nutritional surveillance to 270 rivers of Danish shows, wherein 94% nitrogen and 52% phosphorus are mainly from the non-point pollution of rural activity.In China, in the period of nearest 20～30, the nitrogen, the phosphorus that are lost to every year outside the farmland surpass more than 1,000 ten thousand tons, about 30,000,000,000 yuan of direct economic loss.
Greenhouse gases are the arch-criminals that cause Global warming, not only environment, agricultural are caused devastating impact, and become human health and caused direct killer.Scientist even prediction, the death toll that atmospheric pollution caused that following greenhouse gases cause will be above the number of dying from traffic accident.According to Kyoto Protocol regulation, carbonic acid gas (CO 2), methane (CH 4) and Nitrous Oxide (N 2O) come the front three of 6 big GHG (Greenhouse Gases) emissions mitigation, wherein N 2O is mainly derived from nitrogenous fertilizer and decomposes volatilization.
As seen, reduce nitrogen fertilizer amount, the loss and the volatilization of control nitrogen become reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and the matter of utmost importance that reduces body eutrophication, are the only ways of Chinese society Sustainable development.Yet China is populous, agricultural-food consume significant such as grain." crops YIZHIHUA, complete " by fertile main.It has been undisputable fact that China's arable land fertility descends, and the unit surface applying quantity of chemical fertilizer surpasses a times of world average level.How to solve this contradiction, when guaranteeing the grain high and stable yields, the loss of control nitrogen, the utilization ratio of raising nitrogen reduces nitrogen fertilizer amount, and then reaches N 2O reduces discharging and reduces the water body total nitrogen content, is the key issue that the present invention will solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of circumstance friendly composite material of controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer and preparation method, using method, when guaranteeing the grain high and stable yields, reduce nitrogen fertilizer amount, improve the utilization ratio of nitrogen, reduce the risk of nitrogen loss, reach the purpose that the big G﹠W of containment pollutes.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of circumstance friendly composite material of controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, it is characterized in that its feed composition is active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate, described active mineral soil is meant attapulgite, sepiolite, flyash or similar with it cheap active material or its any mixture, described macromolecular material refers to: chitosan, polyacrylamide, plant amylum and derive from nature, degradable environmentally friendly and have a flocculation, adsorbing material or its any mixture, described active mineral soil, macromolecular material, the weight ratio of monoammonium phosphate is 100-300:1-20:5-20.
The weight ratio of described active mineral soil, macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate is 100-150:1-5:5-10.
The preparation method of the circumstance friendly composite material of described control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer is characterized in that it being active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate is composite, granulation, packing.
The using method of the circumstance friendly composite material of described control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer; it is characterized in that it being with active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate granulation or direct and nitrogenous fertilizer mixing use; can be used as base manure and the use of topdressing, use range is paddy field, nonirrigated farmland and soilless culture.
Active mineral soil (attapulgite), macromolecular material (polyacrylamide) and the monoammonium phosphate of to the effect that utilizing of the present invention, composite with nitrogenous fertilizer, nitrogen is fixed near the plant rhizosphere.So-called ' fixing ' is exactly the synergy of utilizing above-mentioned materials, glue connection, volume is swept, net is caught and electric charge absorption makes wetland form that the molecule grid adsorbs and fixedly ammonia-state nitrogen ion, nitrate ion and urea molecule, stop its loss or volatilization and absorbed in order, reduce water body and atmospheric pollution by farm crop.
The active mineral soil attapulgite that the present invention is used, it is a kind of silicate minerals that contains Shuifu County's magnalium with layer chain-like structure, mineral such as normal and polynite, quartz, rhombspar mix symbiosis, the attapulgite with industrial value of China's discovery at present mainly is positioned at the triangle zone that Soviet Union Anhui has a common boundary, Xuyi, the six directions as Jiangsu, ground such as the Mingguang City in Anhui, Quanjiang are a kind of very important non-metallic mineral resources in China. the molecular formula of its main component is Mg 5(H 2O) 4(Si 4O 10) 2(OH) 2
The fundamental structural unit of attapulgite is that two-layer silicon-oxy tetrahedron and one deck magnesium (aluminium) oxygen octahedra constitute, wherein contain crystal water and the hydroxyl that is in inside configuration, each fundamental structural unit interconnects by four jiaos public Sauerstoffatom, constitute the duct parallel with chain, the sectional area in duct is about 0.37nm * 0.60nm, transition type feature with layer chain-like structure has higher shape ratio.The microstructure of attapulgite is made of three levels, and the one, its basic structural unit-rod is brilliant.The rod crystalline substance is needle-like, is about 1 μ m～2 μ m, and diameter is 0.01 μ m, belongs to monodimension nanometer material.The 2nd, assemble the brilliant bundle of the rod that forms by the brilliant close parallel of rod.The 3rd, assemble the various aggregates that form mutually by brilliant interfascicular.
Its source is wide, cheap, and has good physico-chemical property:
(1). its can form network structure in wetland, high molecular polymer chitosan and water molecules are fixed on one by one in the grid, when stoping chitosan to run off, can reduce moisture loss effectively, helps water-saving agriculture.
(2). good thixotropy, for example raining or irrigating can not influence its distribution and effect, can alleviate the fertilizer loss that heavy rain or bad irrigation cause to a certain extent like this.
Attapulgite is taken from soil, and use can't cause secondary pollution, or destroys the microstructure of soil.
Polyacrylamide is a kind of linear water-soluble polymers, is one of most widely used kind in the water-soluble polymers.It is formed by monomer polymerizations such as acrylamides, and its molecular chain is very long, and this just makes it build bridge between particle, they are pulled in together and form flco.In addition, have a large amount of side group-amide group on its molecular backbone.The activity of amide group is very big, can produce the derivative of many polyacrylamides with multiple compound reaction.Like this, polyacrylamide not only has a series of derivatives, and has the performance of multiple preciousness, as: flocculation, tackify (thick), surfactivity etc.Because its production technique comparative maturity, price be lower, itself do not have toxicity, so be widely used as flocculation agent at present.
The used monoammonium phosphate of the present invention is a water-soluble nitrogen phosphorus binary compound fertilizer, and is nitrogenous 11%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 42-44%.
The present invention is composite with chemical fertilizer by a certain percentage with matrix material, and ammonia-state nitrogen in the nitrogenous fertilizer is absorbed and fixed in the molecular network, effectively stops nitrogen to enter underground, surface water and atmosphere, is made for the thing growth needs and absorbs.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, to use attapulgite, polyacrylamide all be source nature and biomaterial in the present invention.Using the back can biological degradation in soil, and its meta-bolites is environmentally friendly and can change the physico-chemical property of soil, increases the fertile water retention capacity of guarantor of soil.
2, test-results shows: add the fertilizer of matrix material, solubility rate, the soil solubility rate of its nitrogen in water reduces 20%, 30%-60% respectively, reduces 30% to the atmosphere evaporation rate.This just effectively stops the loss of nitrogen in the chemical fertilizer and discharges to atmosphere, has controlled greenhouse gases N 2The discharging of O and underground and surface water eutrophication non point source of pollution have very significant environmental benefit.
3, test-results shows: the fertilizer that adds modified composite material is compared with traditional fertilizer, and soil continues feeder capability and improves 50%-70%, and the fertilizer efficiency utilization ratio improves 50%-90%, helps the demand of crop growth different steps to nitrogen.Generally speaking, be reduced to 30%-60% of conventional fertilizers consumption in every mu of rate of fertilizer application of this ratio; Cost is reduced to traditional 40%-60%; The fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is 2 to 5 times of conventional fertilizers; Irrigation water use reduces 40%-80% than traditional way, remarkable in economical benefits.
To sum up, the present invention not only can effectively reduce the non point source of pollution of body eutrophication, reduces greenhouse gas emission, and under farm crop high and stable yields prerequisite, can reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer and irrigation water use greatly, saves cost and reduces the labour.This technology compound material therefor is environmentally friendly, and each component can be degraded and be utilized by phytomicroorganism, and product itself can not cause environmental pollution or health problem.
Embodiment
1, with attapulgite: monoammonium phosphate: polyacrylamide is pressed (100-300): (5-16): the proportioning of (2-10), mixing granulation are made the circumstance friendly composite material as fertilizer sources additive of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, and particle diameter is controlled at 2-6mm.With this additive and urea or ammonium sulfate by 1:(4-9) mixed nitrogen fertilizer applying method and usage quantity are used and both can routinely.
2, with attapulgite: monoammonium phosphate: polyacrylamide is pressed the proportioning mixing in 1, with the nitrogenous fertilizer stirring and evenly mixing, uses as nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent then.

Claims (4)

1. circumstance friendly composite material of controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, it is characterized in that its feed composition is active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate, described active mineral soil is meant attapulgite, sepiolite, flyash or similar with it cheap active material or its any mixture, described macromolecular material refers to: chitosan, polyacrylamide, plant amylum and derive from nature, degradable environmentally friendly and have a flocculation, adsorbing material or its any mixture, described active mineral soil, macromolecular material, the weight ratio of monoammonium phosphate is 100-300:1-20:5-20.
2. the circumstance friendly composite material of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer according to claim 1, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that described active mineral soil, macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate is 100-150:1-5:5-10.
3. the preparation method of the circumstance friendly composite material of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that it being active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate is composite, granulation, packing.
4. the using method of the circumstance friendly composite material of control loss of nitrogenous fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that it being with active mineral soil and macromolecular material, monoammonium phosphate granulation or direct and nitrogenous fertilizer mixing use; can be used as base manure and the use of topdressing, use range is paddy field, nonirrigated farmland and soilless culture.
CNA2007100260653A 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof Pending CN101367689A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2007100260653A CN101367689A (en) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2007100260653A CN101367689A (en) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101367689A true CN101367689A (en) 2009-02-18

Family

ID=40411720

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2007100260653A Pending CN101367689A (en) 2007-08-17 2007-08-17 Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101367689A (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102001887A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-04-06 中盐安徽红四方股份有限公司 Efficient environmental-friendly slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN102173962A (en) * 2011-01-07 2011-09-07 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Built-in screen type controlled-release urea as well as production method and application thereof
CN102409746A (en) * 2011-08-22 2012-04-11 重庆大学 Method for transforming underlying surface of newly-built town residence community
CN102503711A (en) * 2011-12-07 2012-06-20 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 Slow release fertilizer with selenium and preparation method and application thereof
CN103145494A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-06-12 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Production method of chemical fertilizer accessory ingredient for prolonging leaf fertilizer lasting period
CN105693177A (en) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-22 安徽瑞雨环境净化创新科技有限公司 Rice field water settling and fertilizer fixing agent and preparation method thereof
CN110511759A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-29 上海市农业科学院 A kind of application of mineral powder soil conditioner and its resistance control Cd uptake and nitrogen loss
CN111908836A (en) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-10 中国科学院成都生物研究所 Adhesive special for moss
CN111978123A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-11-24 贵州天宝丰原生态农业科技有限公司 Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield and preparation method thereof

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102001887A (en) * 2010-11-23 2011-04-06 中盐安徽红四方股份有限公司 Efficient environmental-friendly slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN102001887B (en) * 2010-11-23 2013-05-15 中盐安徽红四方股份有限公司 Efficient environmental-friendly slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN102173962A (en) * 2011-01-07 2011-09-07 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Built-in screen type controlled-release urea as well as production method and application thereof
CN102409746A (en) * 2011-08-22 2012-04-11 重庆大学 Method for transforming underlying surface of newly-built town residence community
CN102503711A (en) * 2011-12-07 2012-06-20 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 Slow release fertilizer with selenium and preparation method and application thereof
CN102503711B (en) * 2011-12-07 2014-04-09 苏州硒谷科技有限公司 Slow release fertilizer with selenium and preparation method and application thereof
CN103145494A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-06-12 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 Production method of chemical fertilizer accessory ingredient for prolonging leaf fertilizer lasting period
CN105693177A (en) * 2016-01-05 2016-06-22 安徽瑞雨环境净化创新科技有限公司 Rice field water settling and fertilizer fixing agent and preparation method thereof
CN110511759A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-29 上海市农业科学院 A kind of application of mineral powder soil conditioner and its resistance control Cd uptake and nitrogen loss
CN111908836A (en) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-10 中国科学院成都生物研究所 Adhesive special for moss
CN111978123A (en) * 2020-09-10 2020-11-24 贵州天宝丰原生态农业科技有限公司 Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101367689A (en) Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, preparation method and use method thereof
CN100413816C (en) Nitrogen fertilizer solidifying method by active soil, flocculant, adsorbent composite material and fertilizer
CN102925162B (en) Multifunctional soil conditioner and preparation method thereof
CN101314552B (en) Low cost environment-friendly type composite sustained-release fertilizer
CN101157587A (en) Alkali soil modification fertility intensifying amendment and preparation method thereof
Li et al. Ammonia volatilization mitigation in crop farming: A review of fertilizer amendment technologies and mechanisms
CN100503523C (en) Loss control method for low cost environment-friendly type nitrogenous fertilizer and loss control fertilizer
CN102476972A (en) Corn base fertilizer for saline alkali land, preparation method and application thereof
CN103113158B (en) Slow-release water retention agent/fertilizer composition
CN100491500C (en) Environment friendly composite material for controlling loss of nitrogen fertilizer and applications
CN1793072A (en) Process for preparing organic fertilizer by biological mud and grass refuse of papermaking plant
CN1557789A (en) Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with active compost as base material
CN107572725A (en) A kind of pig farm breeding wastewater ecological treatment method and system
CN105906386A (en) Saline-alkali soil conditioner prepared from corn straw and preparation method thereof
CN111792973A (en) Mine repairing base material and preparation method and use method thereof
CN103172473A (en) Smart controlled-release fertilizer
CN1824630A (en) Multielement composite fertilizer
CN101611692B (en) Environment-friendly substrate for cultivating flowers and grass
CN101353278A (en) Nutrient field planting compound fertilizer and preparation thereof
KR20030025442A (en) Improvement of Soil Single Structure and Greening Method Using Microbial Materials
CN101353280A (en) Mineral urea
CN101648832A (en) Special fertilizer for gum trees
CN102816570A (en) Soil quality regulator
CN101525261B (en) Calcareous-soil nitrogen-phosphorus synergist and preparation method thereof
CN1334261A (en) Efficient compound fertilizer resisting drought, salt and alkali

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Open date: 20090218