CN101611692B - Environment-friendly substrate for cultivating flowers and grass - Google Patents
Environment-friendly substrate for cultivating flowers and grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101611692B CN101611692B CN2008101154177A CN200810115417A CN101611692B CN 101611692 B CN101611692 B CN 101611692B CN 2008101154177 A CN2008101154177 A CN 2008101154177A CN 200810115417 A CN200810115417 A CN 200810115417A CN 101611692 B CN101611692 B CN 101611692B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a substrate for cultivating flowers and grass. The substrate is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10 to 80 percent of earthworm dung, 10 to 50 percent of medical stone and 5 to 70 percent of grass peat. The substrate contains rich nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and a proper quantity of nutritive elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like, the total nutrient content of the substrate is between 2.5 and 4.5 percent which just meets the nutrient requirements of the majority of flowers and plants for one growing period, prevents the seedling burning phenomenon caused by excessive nutrients and meets the characteristics that various nutrients are needed for the growth of flowers; moreover, the components of the substrate, such as the earthworm dung, the medical stone and the grass peat, are all natural raw materials, so that the substrate contributes to environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivating flowers and grass and use nutrient matrix, particularly a kind of environment-friendly type nutrient matrix.
Background technology
Along with urbanization process is accelerated, people hoped in going back home to see the one brush green after in the built-up city busy one day.Thus, huge the increasing of number of planting flowers and plants supported by family.Yet the famous and precious flowers and plants of kind support that to plant in the process survival rate very low.Especially the flower of from the flowers market, buying back of vying with each other for glamour has been spent not several days and has just been withered, and causes the people who grows flower to feel guilty very much and does not cultivate them.
Cause above-mentioned phenomenon; Chief reason is; At present flowers are supported and plant personnel's employed matrix in cultivating process and have following several kinds usually: be master's matrix with the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite 1; This type matrix often will consume a large amount of peats composed of rotten mosses, and the peat composed of rotten mosses belongs to non-renewable energy resources, and each consumption all can't be regenerated.2, with the haydite be main matrix, haydite itself can not need be assisted use with nutrient solution for plant provides nutrition, has increased difficulty for the floriculture at home person virtually.3, be the matrix of common practicality with soil, can provide the flower growth desired nutritional also can fixing plants, but the contained nutrient of soil itself be limited.Need to assist with fertilizer and nutrient solution and can make the plant health growth.In addition, urbanization process is accelerated at present, and the phenomenon that the town dweller fetches earth nowhere is very general.Therefore, use existing above-mentioned matrix, need constantly in matrix, to add nutrient solution the nutrition of flowers is replenished, thereby increased the maintenance costs of flowers.Owing to generally buy the general knowledge that lacking of colored people grow flower, after flower has been bought house, often become withered and yellow wilting extremely because of the supply that lacks nutrient solution causes flower.
In addition; The drawback of present matrix is: what use was watered flowers by family usually is running water, and water body is through behind the water treatment plant, and chloride ion content is higher in the water; After using such water to water flowers; Caused the salinization of soil of matrix to a certain extent, simultaneously, chloride ion content is too high also can to cause serious harm to the growth of flowers and plants.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem that mainly solves of the present invention is to provide a kind of flowers matrix, and the flowers needed various nutrition of growing up can be provided, and can eliminate the chlorion in the running water again, and the composition of matrix is entirely from natural environment-friendly materials.
For reaching above-mentioned technical problem; Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the matrix that a kind of cultivating flowers and grass is used; It is made up of wormcast, medical stone, the peat composed of rotten mosses, and mixes according to following percentage by weight: wormcast 10～80%, medical stone 10～50% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 5～70%.
The diameter of above-mentioned medical stone is not more than 1mm.
The technique effect that the present invention reaches is following: the matrix that cultivating flowers and grass of the present invention is used; Contain nutritive elements such as abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and an amount of calcium, magnesium; Under the situation that does not have matrix such as soil or haydite, contain above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus potassium, total nutrient content 2.5～4.5% in the matrix of the present invention, satisfy most flower plants nutritional need in a vegetative period just; Can not cause that again burning the seedling phenomenon takes place, and meets the different characteristic of the required nutrient of flower growth because nutrient crosses Sheng.And constituent of the present invention all is a natural material from wormcast, medical stone, the peat composed of rotten mosses all.Help environmental protection, the protection environment.In addition, environmental protection medium of the present invention can also be drawn onto the chlorion in the running water and be attached on the medical stone, thereby eliminates the negative effect of chlorion.
Embodiment
The matrix that cultivating flowers and grass of the present invention is used is characterized in that, it is made up of wormcast, medical stone, the peat composed of rotten mosses, and mixes according to percentage by weight: wormcast 10～80%, medical stone 10～50%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 5～70%.According to kind of flowers and plants and the difference between the needed nutrient component, below above-mentioned value range can be selected several kinds: 1, mixed proportion is: wormcast 40～60%, medical stone 40～50% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 5～20% are fit to neutrality or acid flower on the weak side.2, mixed proportion is: wormcast 10～40%, medical stone 10～40% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 50～70% are fit to the slant acidity flowers.3, mixed proportion is: wormcast 60～80%, medical stone 10～15% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 5～10% are suitable for neutral flowers.4, mixed proportion is wormcast 10～20%, medical stone 10～50% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 40～50%, is suitable for the less demanding and neutral acid flower on the weak side to nutrient.In addition, when the diameter of medical stone during greater than 1mm, though play better gas permeability and aesthetic characteristic.In this instance, diameter is preferably got and is not more than 1mm, and the exchange area of itself and soil is big, and flowers obtain nutrition more fully.Also have, wormcast mainly provides flower growth desired nutritional and itself to have porous breathable property characteristics.Contain materials such as a large amount of peptide classes and amino acid in the wormcast, nutrient comprehensively and evenly discharges, through with the medical stone compounding, possibly promote permeability.The special microcellular structure of medical stone has positive effect for the absorption of chlorion simultaneously.The adding main cause of the peat composed of rotten mosses is that the structure that is mixed of wormcast and medical stone is shown as neutrality through repeatedly measuring result, and the pH excursion is between 6.5～7.5.For satisfying most of flowers and the green growth conditions of planting is weak acid or slightly acidic requirement; The special peat composed of rotten mosses composition that adds; The pH mobility scale of the peat composed of rotten mosses itself is generally between 5.5～6.5; Like this can be through adding the scope of application that peat composed of rotten mosses quantity is regulated final products, this scope can be passed through how many variations between 5.5～7.5 of the amount of the adding peat composed of rotten mosses.
Wherein, wormcast is that homogeneous granules is an efficiency natural organic manure of not admixing other manmade materials without any chemical modification through the little of earthworm digestion organic waste generation.It is reported, nutriment such as nitrogenous in the wormcast, phosphorus, potassium, and contain various trace elements and 17 gynaminic acid and humic acid, humus and multiple peptide class formations such as humic acid, iron, manganese, calcium and magnesium.
Earthworm changes them the hyle that picked-up comes through its digestive system one by one according to law of nature; Its result makes upper soll layer partly be transformed into the extremely rich super humus that makes plant root very easily absorb, and has comprised the basic nutrition key element-compost from earthworm of soil most soluble in water.It can guarantee that plant absorbs nutrient component and the fundamental that is provided rapidly, all sidedly.This is to make it be transformed into simple material simple, soluble in water because earthworm digests many organic nutrition compositions to mix regularly, makes plant absorb self required nutrition easily.This is that other organic manure does not all have.Although they possibly also contain a large number of nutrients, do not have the nutritive element that can as earthworm, become plant very easily to absorb to these substance decomposition, thereby cause the waste of nutriment.And the earthworm fecal energy provides natural the most reasonably nutrition arrangement, for the long-term desired nutritional of plant is given security.
The graininess that wormcast is small can also help to promote soil and contact as much as possible with air, because they make after with earth mixture soil no longer harden with hard, makes root system growth like a cork in soil of plant, has improved the growing ability of plant widely.Also make the soil of plant roots no longer remain excessive moisture and bad root phenomenon occurs.The required moisture of plant reasonably is adsorbed on by the wormcast particle in the back of watering at every turn and has guaranteed the necessary water demand of plant in the nutriment just, and redundant moisture venting naturally from the slit of particle.
And chemical fertilizer provides synthetic nutrient component usually, in soil, keep of short duration, many all can be along with the water loss in the soil, what absorbed by root system of plant veritably is a limited part.Chemical fertilizer uses the ecotope that has destroyed edaphon for a long time.The microorganism and the bacterial activity that are of value to plant growing have been contained.Simultaneously, these synthetic chemical substances are absorbed by the plant in the soil more or less.Chemical fertilizer and the insecticide that in farm and garden, uses become the primary formidable enemy who causes water to pollute in our the current agricultural.And a large amount of bacteria beneficial and microorganism are adsorbed on the earthworm excrement through the normal digestion process of earthworm in large quantities.These microorganisms and bacterium help nutritive element to merge into the nutrient that they provide the most suitable growth with the health knot of root system of plant.
Contained aluminum silicate in the medical stone, its chemical composition is KAlSi
3O
8, NaAlSi
3O
8, perhaps CaAl
2Si
2O
8, MgAl
2Si
2O
8Deng, SiO wherein
2Be to have SiO
4Positive tetrahedron, be three cubed D structure.And in the part of its structure, aluminium is through the embedding status architecture of oxo bridge coordination.To the absorption of pigment and bacterium, can think with pigment molecular in band same band combining between the nitrogen-atoms of (+) electric charge just in the nitrogen-atoms, bacterioprotein of (+) electric charge just.Multiple combination takes place in most-SiO-in the bacterium particularly, thalline has numerous-N+ and medical stone, shows as the adsorption phenomena of catching thalline.The feldspar of medical stone because weathering and dissolving become utmost point porous matter state, compares with general feldspar in addition, and it is very many that-SiO-atomic group increases, and shows significant suction-operated.
Atomic group { SiO-in the medical stone ...-N+-}
{-SiO-……-N+-}
{ SiO-...-N+-} bacterioprotein
{-SiO-……-N+-}
If with the medical stone pulverize, ion stripping and suction-operated strengthen.In the medical stone-the SiO-free radical combines with nitrogen-atoms with unnecessary binding site, therefore suppressed the activity of bacterium etc.
In addition, material becomes the phenomenon of ion or " ionization ", is mostly in the aqueous solution, to take place, and this also is one of phenomenon of on anode, taking place of electrolysis.Concerning ion, should consider under the oxygen effect, positive charge increases, take place " electrolytic oxidation "; Still under the hydrogen effect, pay " electroreduction " that electric charge increases.Generally, the drinking water that we use, near neutral, dissolved substances is also few.On the character basis of understanding water; Concentration is solute; The conductivity of the aqueous solution of gram equivalent is to increase in this concentration somewhat, is being diluted to a certain concentration, and conductivity reaches certain value; The degree of dilution is with 1 gram equivalent the ion value added that electrolyte produced, or representes with the value of the original ability of ion.By " equivalent conductance degree ", with the water that medical stone is handled, become the SiO of glueization owing to colloidal state
2Deng the material stripping,, do not hinder the potential difference of measuring the aqueous solution can find out that just chemical affinity and concentration amasss (concentration) for the existence of this solids.
According to Ohm's law; The activity of the potential difference * consumed current=water that takes place; By the potential difference that the water and the medical stone of known standard current potential are handled water, the ratio of the conveying electric weight of positive and negative ion in the activity of water and the solution, " wheel rate " is when increasing voltage with respect to the particulate that exists in the solution; The phenomenon that most particle anode moves, promptly the phenomenon that in water, combines with water of ion is " water and effect ".The water that medical stone is handled water is very big with effect.In other words, medical stone is handled water, has become with the many water of positive and negative electric atomic group.
The characteristic that the medical stone adsorption capacity is very strong is confirmed by test below.For example: be applied in when adding sodium acetate, iodine, superfluous iodine in the methylenum careuleum pigment solution with the absorption affinity test method of sodium thiosulfate titration; To medical stone, powder activated carbon, carbo medicinalis, the comparative test of bone carbon powder absorption affinity; Secondary, three times, relatively just can be clear that one by one for several times; The high adsorption capacity of medical stone, result of the test is following:
For the third time for the second time for the first time
1, maifanite powder 13.00 13.27 13.24
2, medical stone granule: 13.20 13.20 13.22
3, Powdered Activated Carbon 13.15 13.17 13.14
4, medical charcoal 13.52 12.85 13.00
5, the bone black end 13.82 12.95 12.90
Also have, the opinion such as mineral matter such as iron, magnesium, fluorine, its then stripping when not existing in the water on the contrary, exists in the water when too much that it then adsorbs.This effect is relevant with pH, except too acid with too alkaline water, in water purification, drops into medical stone, when most cases (alkalescence), adopts investing method, when few cases (acidity), adopts endless form can make water near neutral.And, make water after the circulation several times of medical stone layer, even the water yield is bigger, also can regulate pH.
Can find out medical stone removing bleaching powder wherein through following running water test, bleaching powder is generally clorox (containing a large amount of chlorine and sodium).
Running water is after 20 minutes after 40 minutes after 60 minutes after 80 minutes after 100 minutes
0.5ppm 0.3ppm 0.2ppm 0.1ppm 0.05ppm surveyed less than
The effect that can draw medical stone through test is:
The natural mineral matter that a, medical stone give out can absorb the chlorine in the running water, and removes the taste of bleaching powder in the water, is good to eat mineral water with the running water mineralising.
B, because the medical stone porous, can make deodorant and use.
Nutrient component in c, the preservation soil.
Embodiment 1
According to following percentage by weight wormcast 50%, medical stone 40%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 10%, wormcast, 40g medical stone and the 10g peat composed of rotten mosses of getting 50g respectively mix.In this example; The content of medical stone is than higher; So absorb the chlorine in the running water and eliminate the function of bleaching powder more intense, be fit to water quality requirement than higher, excessive relatively more responsive, and the higher neutral and neutral acid flower on the weak side of gas permeability requirements is used to chlorion and sodium ion.
Embodiment 2
According to following percentage by weight wormcast 10%, medical stone 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 70%, get wormcast, 20g medical stone and the 70g peat composed of rotten mosses of 10g respectively.In this example, the content of the peat composed of rotten mosses is than higher, and the pH content of product is relatively low, can satisfy the overwhelming majority and be fit to growing plants use under slant acidity soil and the acid ground condition.
Embodiment 3
According to percentage by weight wormcast 80%, medical stone 15%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 5%, get wormcast, 15g medical stone and the 5g peat composed of rotten mosses of 80g respectively.In this example, the content of wormcast is than higher, and is suitable bigger to nutrient requirement, and requiring soil condition is that neutral plant is used.
Embodiment 4
According to percentage by weight wormcast 10%, medical stone 50%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, get wormcast, 50g medical stone and the 40g peat composed of rotten mosses of 10g respectively.In this example; The content of wormcast is minimum; And the content of medical stone is the highest, and the product gas permeability that goes out according to this examples produce and best to the water purification effect is because this proportioning nutrient content is moderate; Less demanding to those nutrient contents, but water quality requirement is used than the plant of higher and suitable neutral slant acidity soil.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the matrix that cultivating flowers and grass is used is characterized in that, it is made up of wormcast, medical stone, the peat composed of rotten mosses, and mixes according to following percentage by weight: wormcast 10～80%, medical stone 10～50% and the peat composed of rotten mosses 5～70%.
2. the matrix that a kind of cultivating flowers and grass as claimed in claim 1 is used is characterized in that the diameter of said medical stone is not more than 1mm.
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| CN2008101154177A CN101611692B (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2008-06-23 | Environment-friendly substrate for cultivating flowers and grass |
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| CN2008101154177A CN101611692B (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2008-06-23 | Environment-friendly substrate for cultivating flowers and grass |
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| CN101611692B true CN101611692B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101811903A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-25 | 扬州大学 | Novel organic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102106250A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-29 | 中国农业大学 | Soilless culture substrate |
| CN102276320B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-06-04 | 南京林业大学 | Organic matrix prepared by using biomass-gasified solid products and liquid products, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102295475B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2013-11-27 | 南京林业大学 | Organic fertilizer prepared from solid and liquid products obtained by gasification of biomass and preparation method thereof |
| CN103044089B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏澳洋生态农林发展有限公司 | Wormcast-based transplanting matrix for improving survival rate of osmanthus seedlings and use method thereof |
| CN103641542B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-02-17 | 北海市蔬菜研究所 | A kind of Vegetable culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104961610A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-07 | 孙浠刚 | Soil conditioner and use method thereof |
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| CN1569756A (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-26 | 张国柱 | High effective biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1569756A (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-01-26 | 张国柱 | High effective biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 卢芹等.蚯蚓粪作为花卉栽培基质的应用研究.《山东林业科技》.2006,(第1期),全文. * |
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