CN111978123A - Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111978123A CN111978123A CN202010944570.1A CN202010944570A CN111978123A CN 111978123 A CN111978123 A CN 111978123A CN 202010944570 A CN202010944570 A CN 202010944570A CN 111978123 A CN111978123 A CN 111978123A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly discloses an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: mulberry leaves, plant ash, humic acid, urea phosphate, rape straws, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and a loading material. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer provided by the invention can effectively improve the yield of rice, is prepared by adopting a mode of matching organic and inorganic raw materials, and simultaneously utilizes a load material to play a role in absorbing water, thereby being beneficial to improving the effects of locking water and locking fertilizer. The provided preparation method is simple, and the prepared organic-inorganic compound fertilizer combines the advantages of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, and can effectively improve the utilization rate of the fertilizers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the yield of rice and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing world population, the demand of people for food is also increasing. Wherein, the rice is used as a grain crop and provides a grain source for nearly half of the population in the world. The rice can be eaten as grain, for example, rice crust, rice aroma, popcorn, rice cake, rice cracker, rice dumpling, glutinous rice cake, rice dumpling, rice cake, fermented glutinous rice, etc. can be made; of course, the rice husk and the rice straw can also be used as industrial raw materials for brewing wine and making sugar, and can also be used as livestock feed, so that the method has wide application fields.
At present, in the rice planting process, fertilizers are generally required to improve the product quality and yield. The heading and maturing period of the rice is of great significance to the yield of the rice, a large amount of water and mineral nutrition are needed in the period, and organic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers are usually applied, or the organic fertilizers and the inorganic fertilizers are applied in proportion to improve the yield of the rice.
However, the above technical solutions have the following disadvantages in practical use: most of fertilizers used for rice production in the prior art are organic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers, and the problem of insufficient water and fertilizer locking effects exists in the environment with water in a rice field.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of rice, and aims to solve the problem that most of the existing fertilizers for rice production in the background technology are organic fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers, and the water and fertilizer locking effect is insufficient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: mulberry leaves, plant ash, humic acid, urea phosphate, rape straws, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and a loading material; the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material and taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modification components through electrostatic atomization treatment and drying. The embodiment of the invention prepares the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by adopting a mode of matching organic and inorganic raw materials, can effectively improve the rice yield, and is prepared by drying after electrostatic atomization treatment because the load material takes palygorskite powder as a base material and adopts sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena powder as modified components; wherein, part of the silica hydroxyl groups of the palygorskite powder are combined with the hydrogen bonds of sodium alginate under the electrostatic atomization condition, the rest silica hydroxyl groups play a hydrophilic role, so that a good water absorption effect can be achieved when the load material is used for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield, and further the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil can be improved, so that the fertilizer application effect can be effectively improved compared with the single use of organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, compared with the traditional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the water and fertilizer locking effect can be improved by adopting a self-made load material, meanwhile, the chitosan and the cylindrocyte anabaena powder can play a supporting role by forming an expanded network structure, a porous structure can be formed inside the palygorskite powder, and further the water absorption effect is provided, and the adopted sodium alginate, the chitosan and the cylindrocyte anabaena powder all belong to green materials, the soil is not polluted.
Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield, including the steps of:
1) weighing mulberry leaves, plant ash and rape straws according to a proportion, carrying out ultraviolet sterilization, adding into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content of the mix is 52-66 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 35-60 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 1-15 days, and the pile is turned for 1-2 times every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 0.4-2.4% of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing urea phosphate according to a proportion, adding the urea phosphate into water for dissolving, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material for uniformly mixing, then adding humic acid, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate and potassium phosphate according to a proportion for uniformly mixing, then adding a load material according to a proportion for uniformly mixing under a protective atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 30-40r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield, which is prepared by the above method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the rice yield can effectively increase the rice yield, and the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by adopting a mode of matching organic and inorganic raw materials, so that the load material has a good water absorption effect when used for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the rice yield, and is further beneficial to improving the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil. The provided preparation method is simple, the prepared organic-inorganic compound fertilizer combines the advantages of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, the mulberry leaves, plant ash and rape straws are fermented and then are compounded with humic acid, urea phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and other raw materials, and then granular products are formed through loading of loading materials, so that the fertilizer has the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil is improved, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, and the fertilizer has wide market prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the results of fertilizer efficiency performance tests of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield comprises the following raw materials: mulberry leaves, plant ash, humic acid, urea phosphate, rape straws, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and a loading material; the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material and taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modification components through electrostatic atomization treatment and drying.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of mulberry leaf, 1-4 parts of plant ash, 8-18 parts of humic acid, 10-16 parts of urea phosphate, 20-40 parts of rape straw, 12-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.2-1.6 parts of potassium phosphate and a proper amount of load material; the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material and taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modification components through electrostatic atomization treatment and drying.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of mulberry leaf, 2-3 parts of plant ash, 10-12 parts of humic acid, 10-12 parts of urea phosphate, 25-35 parts of rape straw, 14-18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-12 parts of potassium sulfate, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.6-1.2 parts of potassium phosphate and a proper amount of load material; the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material and taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modification components through electrostatic atomization treatment and drying.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, the amount of the loading material in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield is 0.1-1.2 times of the weight of the rape straws.
Preferably, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of mulberry leaf, 3 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of urea phosphate, 28 parts of rape straw, 16 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of potassium phosphate and 13 parts of a load material.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the raw materials of the load material, the weight ratio of the palygorskite powder, the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder is 80-90: 6-14: 0.5-2.5: 1-4.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the supporting material specifically comprises the following steps:
weighing palygorskite powder as a base material according to a proportion, and grinding, washing and centrifuging to obtain a pretreatment material;
weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a modified material;
and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, performing electrostatic atomization treatment, drying, and crushing to obtain the load material.
Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 400-800W, and the time is 80-180 min.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrostatic atomization is to spray the uniformly mixed materials between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is generally controlled to be between 4 ten thousand volts and 5.8 ten thousand volts.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the grinding is performed to grind to an average particle size of less than 400 mesh.
In the embodiment of the invention, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by adopting a mode of matching organic and inorganic raw materials, the rice yield can be effectively improved, and the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material, taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modified components, performing electrostatic atomization treatment and drying; wherein, part of the silica hydroxyl groups of the palygorskite powder are combined with the hydrogen bonds of sodium alginate under the electrostatic atomization condition, the rest silica hydroxyl groups play a hydrophilic role, so that a good water absorption effect can be achieved when the load material is used for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield, and further the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil can be improved, so that the fertilizer application effect can be effectively improved compared with the single use of organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer, compared with the traditional organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the water and fertilizer locking effect can be improved by adopting a self-made load material, meanwhile, the chitosan and the cylindrocyte anabaena powder can play a supporting role by forming an expanded network structure, a porous structure can be formed inside the palygorskite powder, and further the water absorption effect is provided, and the adopted sodium alginate, the chitosan and the cylindrocyte anabaena powder all belong to green materials, the soil is not polluted.
It should be noted that, because the electrostatic atomization means is adopted, the palygorskite powder, the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena powder can jointly form a nano-sheet-shaped reticular porous structure, so that the load material can play a good water absorption effect when used for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the rice yield, and is further beneficial to improving the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil. Further, palygorskite is a sheet of two-dimensionally continuous silica tetrahedra, and the entire crystal structure can be considered to be formed by the connection of such band-shaped structural layers. The palygorskite modified by the method is prepared by forming pillared pillars by using sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modified components, and then drying after electrostatic atomization treatment, so that the pore diameter and the specific surface area of palygorskite are effectively increased.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing mulberry leaves, plant ash and rape straws according to a proportion, carrying out ultraviolet sterilization, adding into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content of the mix is 52-66 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 35-60 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 1-15 days, and the pile is turned for 1-2 times every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 0.4-2.4% of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing urea phosphate according to a proportion, adding the urea phosphate into water for dissolving, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material for uniformly mixing, then adding humic acid, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate and potassium phosphate according to a proportion for uniformly mixing, then adding a load material according to a proportion for uniformly mixing under a protective atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 30-40r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the method for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is under a protective atmosphere, and the protective atmosphere may be an inert gas such as helium, neon, or argon, or may be nitrogen, and is not limited herein. By adding the load material under the atmosphere of the protective gas, the adverse effect of oxygen and moisture in the air on the mixing process can be reduced, and further the formation of the mixture is facilitated, so that the material is granulated, and the caking is prevented without using a surfactant.
Preferably, the protective atmosphere refers to a nitrogen atmosphere.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield.
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield in agricultural production.
The technical effects of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield according to the present invention will be further described below by referring to specific examples.
Example 1
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 3 kg of mulberry leaves, 1 kg of plant ash, 8 kg of humic acid, 10 kg of urea phosphate, 20 kg of rape straws, 12 kg of calcium superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, 1 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.2 kg of potassium phosphate and a proper amount of load materials (the amount of the load materials in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield is 0.1 time of the weight of the rape straws); wherein the preparation method of the load material comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of palygorskite powder, sodium alginate, chitosan to anabaena cylindracea powder of 80: 6: 0.5: 1, weighing palygorskite powder as a base material, grinding (grinding until the average particle size is less than 400 meshes), washing with water (washing with deionized water), centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and thus obtaining a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion (the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 400W, and the time is 80min) to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, and then carrying out electrostatic atomization treatment, specifically, spraying the uniformly mixed material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is controlled at 4 ten thousand volts, then drying and crushing to obtain the load material.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the mulberry leaves, the plant ash and the rape straws, performing ultraviolet sterilization, adding the mixture into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content in the mix is 52 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 35 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 1 day, and the pile is turned for 1 time every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 0.4 percent of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing the urea phosphate, adding the urea phosphate into water to be just completely dissolved, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, then adding the humic acid, the calcium superphosphate, the potassium sulfate, the zinc sulfate and the potassium phosphate to be uniformly mixed, then adding the loading material in proportion to be uniformly mixed under the nitrogen atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 30r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Example 2
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 8 kg of mulberry leaves, 4 kg of plant ash, 18 kg of humic acid, 16 kg of urea phosphate, 40 kg of rape straws, 20 kg of calcium superphosphate, 16 kg of potassium sulfate, 4 kg of zinc sulfate and 1.6 kg of potassium phosphate, and a proper amount of load materials (the amount of the load materials in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield is 1.2 times of the weight of the rape straws); wherein the preparation method of the load material comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of the palygorskite powder, the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder of 90: 14: 2.5: 4, weighing palygorskite powder as a base material according to the proportion, grinding (grinding until the average particle size is smaller than 400 meshes), washing with water (washing with deionized water), centrifuging and taking precipitate to obtain a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion (the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 800W, and the time is 180min) to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, and then carrying out electrostatic atomization treatment, specifically, spraying the uniformly mixed material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is controlled at 5.8 ten thousand volts, then drying and crushing to obtain the load material.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the mulberry leaves, the plant ash and the rape straws, performing ultraviolet sterilization, adding the mixture into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content in the mix is 66 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 60 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 15 days, and the pile is turned for 2 times every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 2.4% times of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing the urea phosphate, adding the urea phosphate into water to be just completely dissolved, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, then adding the humic acid, the calcium superphosphate, the potassium sulfate, the zinc sulfate and the potassium phosphate to be uniformly mixed, then adding the loading material in proportion to be uniformly mixed under the nitrogen atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 40r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Example 3
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 4 kg of mulberry leaves, 2 kg of plant ash, 10 kg of humic acid, 10 kg of urea phosphate, 25 kg of rape straws, 14 kg of calcium superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.6 kg of potassium phosphate and 13 kg of load materials; wherein the preparation method of the load material comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of palygorskite powder, sodium alginate, chitosan to anabaena cylindracea powder is 85: 8: 1: 3, weighing palygorskite powder as a base material, grinding (grinding until the average particle size is less than 400 meshes), washing with water (washing with deionized water), centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and thus obtaining a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion (the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 600W, and the time is 130min) to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, and then carrying out electrostatic atomization treatment, specifically, spraying the uniformly mixed material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is controlled at 5 ten thousand volts, then drying and crushing to obtain the load material.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the mulberry leaves, the plant ash and the rape straws, performing ultraviolet sterilization, adding the mixture into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content in the mix is 60 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 50 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 12 days, and the pile is turned for 1 time every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 1% of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing the urea phosphate, adding the urea phosphate into water to be just completely dissolved, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, then adding the humic acid, the calcium superphosphate, the potassium sulfate, the zinc sulfate and the potassium phosphate to be uniformly mixed, then adding a load material in proportion to be uniformly mixed under the nitrogen atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 35r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Example 4
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 4-6 kg of mulberry leaves, 2-3 kg of plant ash, 10-12 kg of humic acid, 10-12 kg of urea phosphate, 25-35 kg of rape straws, 14-18 kg of calcium superphosphate, 10-12 kg of potassium sulfate, 2-3 kg of zinc sulfate, 0.6-1.2 kg of potassium phosphate and 13 kg of load materials; wherein the preparation method of the load material comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of palygorskite powder, sodium alginate, chitosan to anabaena cylindracea powder is 85: 8: 1: 3, weighing palygorskite powder as a base material, grinding (grinding until the average particle size is less than 400 meshes), washing with water (washing with deionized water), centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and thus obtaining a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion (the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 600W, and the time is 130min) to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, and then carrying out electrostatic atomization treatment, specifically, spraying the uniformly mixed material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is controlled at 5 ten thousand volts, then drying and crushing to obtain the load material.
In this example, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield is the same as that of example 3.
Example 5
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 6 kg of mulberry leaves, 3 kg of plant ash, 10 kg of humic acid, 12 kg of urea phosphate, 28 kg of rape straws, 16 kg of calcium superphosphate, 12 kg of potassium sulfate, 3 kg of zinc sulfate, 1 kg of potassium phosphate and 13 kg of load materials; wherein the preparation method of the load material comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of palygorskite powder, sodium alginate, chitosan to anabaena cylindracea powder is 85: 8: 1: 3, weighing palygorskite powder as a base material, grinding (grinding until the average particle size is less than 400 meshes), washing with water (washing with deionized water), centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and thus obtaining a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion (the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 600W, and the time is 130min) to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, and then carrying out electrostatic atomization treatment, specifically, spraying the uniformly mixed material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is controlled at 5 ten thousand volts, then drying and crushing to obtain the load material.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the mulberry leaves, the plant ash and the rape straws, performing ultraviolet sterilization, adding the mixture into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content in the mix is 60 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 50 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 12 days, and the pile is turned for 1 time every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 1% of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing the urea phosphate, adding the urea phosphate into water to be just completely dissolved, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, then adding the humic acid, the calcium superphosphate, the potassium sulfate, the zinc sulfate and the potassium phosphate to be uniformly mixed, then adding a load material in proportion to be uniformly mixed under the nitrogen atmosphere, granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 35r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Example 6
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 2.8 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 7
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 10 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 8
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 16 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 9
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 16 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 10
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 25 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 11
The same as example 5 except that the amount of the supporting material was 33.6 kg as compared with example 5.
Example 12
The same as example 1 except that helium was used instead of nitrogen, as compared with example 1.
Example 13
The same as example 1 except that the nitrogen gas was replaced with argon gas as compared with example 1.
Example 14
Compared with the embodiment 5, the method is the same as the embodiment 5 except that the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 0.5 to multiple of the weight of the mixture.
Example 15
Compared with the embodiment 5, the method is the same as the embodiment 5 except that the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 1.2 times of the weight of the mixed material.
Example 16
Compared with the embodiment 5, the method is the same as the embodiment 5 except that the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 0.9 time of the weight of the mixed material.
Example 17
Compared with the embodiment 5, the method is the same as the embodiment 5 except that the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 1.8 times of the weight of the mixed material.
Example 18
Compared with the embodiment 5, the method is the same as the embodiment 5 except that the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 2% times of the weight of the mixed material.
Comparative example 1
An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield comprises the following raw materials: 6 kg of mulberry leaves, 3 kg of plant ash, 10 kg of humic acid, 12 kg of urea phosphate, 28 kg of rape straws, 16 kg of calcium superphosphate, 12 kg of potassium sulfate, 3 kg of zinc sulfate and 1 kg of potassium phosphate.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield comprises the following steps:
1) weighing the mulberry leaves, the plant ash and the rape straws, performing ultraviolet sterilization, adding the mixture into water (sterilized water), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture; wherein the water content in the mix is 60 wt% (adjusted by adding water after sterilization);
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 50 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material; the anaerobic fermentation time is 12 days, and the pile is turned for 1 time every day; the addition amount of the EM bacteria is 1% of the weight of the mixture;
3) weighing the urea phosphate, adding the urea phosphate into water to be just completely dissolved, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, then adding the humic acid, the calcium superphosphate, the potassium sulfate, the zinc sulfate and the potassium phosphate to be uniformly mixed, drying to remove part of water, then granulating by adopting a granulator (the rotating speed is 35r/min) to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice.
Comparative example 2
The existing conventional fertilizer 15-15-15 (specifically, the compound fertilizer 15-15-15-Shikefeng product of Shikefeng chemical Co., Ltd.).
Comparative example 3
Urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and potassium chloride are mixed according to the weight ratio of 28: 35: 17 to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Comparative example 4
The same as example 5 except that the nitrogen gas was replaced with air, as compared with example 5.
Performance detection
The products prepared by the methods of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 and 3 were subjected to performance tests. Specifically, the products in examples 1 to 5 were first tested according to the standard of GB18877-2009 "organic-inorganic compound fertilizer", and the specific results were all in compliance with the standard of GB18877-2009 "organic-inorganic compound fertilizer".
Furthermore, the products prepared by the methods of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1 and 3 were tested for fertilizer efficiency performance, and the specific test results are shown in table 1 and fig. 1. The specific operation method comprises the steps of selecting a rice field with approximately same environmental conditions to plant rice, dividing the rice field into 7 planting areas with the same area, sowing the rice in 25 days in 4 months, transplanting the rice in 7 planting areas in 20 days in 5 months, and applying the products prepared by the methods in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1 and 3 to the 7 planting areas respectively (namely applying one product to each planting area correspondingly). Among them, the methods of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 and 3 were applied at a rate of 80 kg/mu. The rice yield of each planting area is counted after the rice is harvested.
TABLE 1 table of fertilizer efficiency testing results
| Group of | Plant height (centimeter) | Mu yield (kilogram) |
| Example 1 | 95 | 601 |
| Example 2 | 95 | 615 |
| Example 3 | 96 | 609 |
| Example 4 | 94 | 622 |
| Example 5 | 96 | 624 |
| Comparative example 1 | 91 | 542 |
| Comparative example 3 | 92 | 525 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the yield of rice provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for fertilizing and planting rice, so that the fertility of soil can be effectively increased, the effects of locking water and locking fertilizer are achieved, the nutrient components in the fertilizer can be fully utilized, and the yield of rice is effectively increased.
In order to investigate the effect of the protective atmosphere during the granulation process, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the yield of rice prepared by the method of example 5 and the product prepared by comparative example 4 were packaged and then left in a cool environment for 45 days, and then the caking of the product was observed, with the result that the product of example 5 was almost free from caking, while the product of comparative example 4 was partially caked by 10% to 20%.
The following four types of Fengliangyou (the breeding unit is a rice variety selected and bred by Hefeifeng Fenglee variety Limited company, product variety Fenglie 39 Sxsalt rice No. 4) are selected as the tested rice to carry out further yield performance detection, and specifically, the product of the example 5 is used as a base fertilizer and applied by 45 kg/mu per mu before the rice is transplanted, and urea is additionally applied by about 15 kg per mu in the stage of rice reviving and jointing. Meanwhile, the comparative example 2 is used as a comparison, the influence of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the rice yield on the rice yield is counted in another rice planting field which is applied under the same condition (the rice planting condition is the same), and the specific result is shown in table 2, so that the yield of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing the rice yield can be increased by 17% on average per mu compared with the conventional fertilizer 15-15-15 (15-15-15-fertilize of the fertilize-rich chemical industry, ltd.) and the obvious yield increasing effect is achieved.
Table 2 table of results of yield performance test
| Group of | Mu yield (kilogram) | Yield increase (%), compared to conventional fertilizers |
| Example 1 | 611 | 17 |
| Comparative example 2 | 521 | 0 |
The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield is an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, combines the advantages of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, is prepared by fermenting mulberry leaves, plant ash and rape straws and then compounding the fermented product with humic acid, urea phosphate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and other raw materials, forms granular products by loading a loading material, has nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient substances, improves the water and fertilizer locking effect of soil through a carrier material, can play a role in delaying and controlling fertilizers, prolongs the nutrient release time, can play a role in water and fertilizer conservation, can effectively improve the utilization rate of the fertilizers, and can improve the yield and the quality of crops.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: mulberry leaves, plant ash, humic acid, urea phosphate, rape straws, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium phosphate and a loading material; the load material is prepared by taking palygorskite powder as a base material and taking sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder as modification components through electrostatic atomization treatment and drying.
2. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of mulberry leaf, 1-4 parts of plant ash, 8-18 parts of humic acid, 10-16 parts of urea phosphate, 20-40 parts of rape straw, 12-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.2-1.6 parts of potassium phosphate and a proper amount of load material.
3. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of mulberry leaf, 2-3 parts of plant ash, 10-12 parts of humic acid, 10-12 parts of urea phosphate, 25-35 parts of rape straw, 14-18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10-12 parts of potassium sulfate, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.6-1.2 parts of potassium phosphate and a proper amount of load material.
4. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield of claim 1, wherein the amount of the loading material used in the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield is 0.1-1.2 times of the weight of the rape stalks.
5. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for increasing rice yield according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of palygorskite powder, sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder is 80-90: 6-14: 0.5-2.5: 1-4.
6. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the load material specifically comprises the following steps: weighing palygorskite powder as a base material according to a proportion, and grinding, washing and centrifuging to obtain a pretreatment material; weighing sodium alginate, chitosan and anabaena cylindracea powder according to a proportion, and adding the sodium alginate, the chitosan and the anabaena cylindracea powder into water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a modified material; and adding the pretreatment material into the modified material, uniformly mixing, performing electrostatic atomization treatment, drying, and crushing to obtain the load material.
7. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving rice yield as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electrostatic atomization is to spray the uniformly mixed materials between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, wherein the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is 4 ten thousand volts to 5.8 ten thousand volts.
8. A method for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing mulberry leaves, plant ash and rape straws according to a proportion, sterilizing, adding into water, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture;
2) adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and then placing in a sealed environment at 35-60 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermented material;
3) weighing urea phosphate according to a proportion, adding the urea phosphate into water for dissolving, then adding the urea phosphate into the fermentation material for uniformly mixing, then adding humic acid, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate and potassium phosphate according to a proportion for uniformly mixing, then adding a load material according to a proportion for uniformly mixing under a protective atmosphere, then granulating to form granules, and cooling to obtain the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of rice.
9. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield as claimed in claim 8, wherein the EM bacteria is added in an amount of 0.4-2.4% by weight of the mixture in the method for preparing the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the rice yield.
10. The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of rice, which is prepared by the preparation method of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving the yield of rice according to claim 8 or 9.
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