CN101309775B - 材料的接合方法 - Google Patents
材料的接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101309775B CN101309775B CN2006800427119A CN200680042711A CN101309775B CN 101309775 B CN101309775 B CN 101309775B CN 2006800427119 A CN2006800427119 A CN 2006800427119A CN 200680042711 A CN200680042711 A CN 200680042711A CN 101309775 B CN101309775 B CN 101309775B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/063—Friction heat forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
- B21K25/005—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components by friction heat forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/127—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding friction stir welding involving a mechanical connection
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- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
- B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
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- B29C65/561—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using screw-threads being integral at least to one of the parts to be joined
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- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
- B29C65/607—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being hollow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
- B29C65/609—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being plunge-formed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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- B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
- B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
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Abstract
提供一种材料的接合方法,没有成为设计上的制约的突起物的伸出及松动或脱落等的担心,可进行从薄板到厚板的大范围的接合,且可避免裂纹或变形等品质缺陷的产生,可良好地维持操作性及作业环境地进行再循环性优良的接合。在预先穿设有接合孔(3)的第一材料(1)上以覆盖接合孔的方式重合第二材料(2),使对应于接合孔而配置的接合工具(8)边旋转边按压在第二材料上,用摩擦热使第二材料在固态状态下局部地软化而进入第一材料的接合孔,在进入该接合孔的第二材料上形成与第一材料侧的几何学的卡合部(牙部(5’)和锚部(6’)),然后拔出接合工具,使卡合部硬化,从而接合第一材料和第二材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及材料的接合方法。
背景技术
近年,在汽车业界中,从实现出于燃油费方面考虑的车辆的轻型化的观点出发,积极地采用了铝材等的轻型原材料,由此关于铝材和铁材等的焊接困难的异种材料彼此的接合技术的重要性有所提高,但以往关于这种难以焊接的异种材料彼此的接合,采用了利用螺栓的固结、利用机械铆紧的接合、利用粘着剂的粘接等的方法。
此外,在例如下述的专利文献1中公开了与后述的本发明的材料的接合方法相关联的现有技术。
专利文献1:特开2004-136365号公报
但是,例如,在采用利用螺栓的固结的情况下,由于螺栓或螺母作为突出物在应接合的材料的表里面伸出,因此存在必须在设计上确保这些突起物的占有空间的限制,而且,在利用螺栓的固结中,存在松动或脱落等的担心,此外,在采用利用机械铆紧的接合的情况下,薄板彼此的接合为中心,此外不对材料加热而仅由加压进行接合,因此存在容易产生裂纹或变形等的品质缺陷的问题。
并且,在采用利用粘着剂的粘接的情况下,除了操作性或作业环境差的问题,由于再循环时的从粘着剂的材料的分离困难,因此存在再循环性差的问题。
发明内容
本发明鉴于上述问题而提出,其目的在于提供一种材料的接合方法,没有成为设计上的制约的突起物的伸出及松动或脱落等的担心,可以进行从薄板到厚板的大范围的接合,且能够避免裂纹或变形等的品质缺陷的产生,能够进行良好地维持操作性或作业环境、且再循环性优良的接合。
本发明涉及一种材料的接合方法,其特征在于,在预先穿设有接合孔的第一材料上以覆盖上述接合孔的方式重合第二材料,使对应于上述接合孔而配置的接合工具一边旋转一边按压在第二材料上,利用该第二材料和接合工具之间产生的摩擦热使上述第二材料在固态状态下局部地软化并进入第一材料的接合孔中,在进入了该接合孔的第二材料上形成与上述第一材料侧的几何学的卡合部,然后拔出上述接合工具,使上述卡合部硬化,从而接合第一材料和第二材料。
并且,这样一来,进入第一材料的接合孔内而硬化的第二材料借助与上述第一材料侧之间形成的几何学的卡合部,达到防脱或防转的效果,从而坚固地接合第一材料和第二材料。
此时,进入第一材料的接合孔内的第二材料仅是在与上述第一材料侧之间形成几何学的卡合部,而不伸出如螺栓固结的情况中的螺栓或螺母那样的突起物,因此没有确保这种突起物的占有空间的设计上的制约,而且,没有采用螺栓固结的情况那样的松动或脱落等的担心。
并且,仅利用接合工具对于预先穿设有接合孔的第一材料使第二材料软化而进入上述接合孔即可,即使第一材料及第二材料的板厚变得比较大也能应对,能够实现从薄板至厚板的大范围内的接合。
而且,能够除了利用接合工具对第二材料上给予摩擦热而使之软化,而不在第一材料侧施加过度的加压力地完成接合,能将裂纹或变形等的品质缺陷的产生防患于未然。
并且,没有粘着剂那样的夹存物而经由卡合部将第一材料和第二材料机械地接合,因此不会导致使用了粘着剂的情况那样的操作性或作业环境的恶化,而且,能实现再循环时的分离操作简单的再循环性优良的接合。
并且,更具体地实施本发明时,在第一材料的接合孔的内侧面预先形成有槽部,可以将与该槽部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的牙部作为卡合部。
此外,在本发明中,在与第一材料重合的第二材料的板厚过薄而有应进入接合孔的第二材料不足的担忧的情况下,可以将第二材料侧的与第一材料的接合孔对应的位置部分地增加板厚而弥补材料不足。
并且,在本发明中,最好使用具有可插入第一材料的接合孔内的销部的接合工具来使第二材料进入上述接合孔中,这样一来,能够利用销部可靠地使第二材料进入接合孔的深部。
此外,在将接合工具按压在第二材料上而实现接合时,可以从第二材料侧将接合工具按压在第二材料上而实现接合,或从第一材料侧通过接合孔将接合工具的销部按压在第二材料上而实现接合。
并且,可以在配置在第一材料的远离第二材料侧的衬垫部件上预先形成有与上述第一材料的接合孔相对且具有比该接合孔大的平面截面的凹部,且从第二材料侧将接合工具按压在第二材料上而实现接合,将与上述凹部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
并且,可以在第一材料的远离第二材料侧上预先形成有与接合孔连续且具有比该接合孔大的平面截面的凹部,且从第二材料侧将接合工具按压在第二材料上而实现接合,将与上述凹部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
并且,可以从第一材料侧通过接合孔将接合工具的销部按压在第二材料上而实现接合,将在接合工具的销部的基端侧周围和第一材料的接合孔周围之间的间隙伸出而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
并且,可以在第一材料的接合孔中预先成为向第二材料侧缓缓变窄的锥形,将与该接合孔的内侧面嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锥形部作为卡合部。
并且,当将第一材料和第二材料的端部彼此重合而接合时,在使该各端部重合时,该重合部分最好采用以板厚为第一材料及第二材料的一张的量的方式将上述各端部的相互面对侧切去而无阶差的接头构造。
并且,可以对于第一材料点状地穿设接合孔,在对应于该接合孔的一点处定位接合工具而进行点接合,或者,也可以对于第一材料狭缝状地穿设接合孔,在该接合孔的长度方向上使接合工具移动而进行连续接合。
发明效果
根据上述的本发明的材料的接合方法,可以达到如下的各种优良的效果。
(I)没有螺栓固结的情况中的螺栓或螺母那样的突起物的伸出,因此能大幅度地缓和设计上的制约,且能够消除螺栓固结的情况那样的松动或脱落等的担心,而且,可以进行从薄板到厚板的大范围的接合,且能够避免裂纹及变形等的品质缺陷的产生,并且,能够在良好地维持操作性及作业环境地进行再循环性良好的接合。
(II)若使用具有可插入第一材料的接合孔内的销部的接合工具使第二材料进入上述接合孔,则能够可靠地利用销部使第二材料进入至接合孔的深部,因此能够进一步提高第一材料和第二材料的接合的可靠性。
(III)当令第一材料和第二材料的端部彼此重合而接合时,在使该各端部重合时,若该重合部分采用以板厚为第一材料及第二材料的一张的量的方式将上述各端部的相互面对侧切去而无阶差的接头构造,则能够大幅度提高第一材料和第二材料的接合部分的美观,且能够实现该接合部分的空间节省化。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的实施例的剖面图。
图2是示出使图1的接合工具一边旋转一边下降的状态的剖面图。
图3是示出图2中软化了的第二材料进入接合孔的状态的剖面图。
图4是示出从图3的状态将接合工具提起的状态的剖面图。
图5是示出强度比较(拉伸剪切)的验证实验的结果的图表。
图6是示出在第二材料侧的表面形成隆起部的例子的剖面图。
图7是示出在第一材料侧形成凹部的例子的剖面图。
图8是示出从第一材料侧利用接合工具的销部实现接合的例子的剖面图。
图9是示出使用无销部的接合工具的例子的剖面图。
图10是示出在接合孔上形成锥形的例子的剖面图。
图11是示出在接合部分采用无阶差的接头构造的例子的剖面图。
图12是示出无阶差的接头构造的另外的例子的剖面图。
附图标记说明
1第一材料
2第二材料
2a隆起部
3接合孔
4衬垫部件
5槽部
5’牙部(卡合部)
6凹部
6’锚部(卡合部)
7销部
8接合工具
9肩部
10凹部
10’锚部(卡合部)
11凹部
11’锚部(卡合部)
12锥形部
具体实施方式
下面参照附图说明本发明的实施例。
图1~图4示出本发明的一个实施例,在本实施例中,举例示出了将铁材的第一材料1和铝材的第二材料2进行点接合的情况,如图1所示,在第一材料1上点状地穿设有贯通其厚度方向的接合孔3,第二材料2以覆盖该接合孔3的方式重合在第一材料1上,在第一材料1的下表面侧(远离第二材料2侧)配置有衬垫部件4。
这里,通过螺纹加工在上述接合孔3的内周面上形成有螺旋状的槽部5,并且,在上述衬垫部件4的上表面上形成有与上述第一材料1的接合孔相对置、且具有比该接合孔3大的平面截面的凹部6。
并且,在上述第二材料2的上侧,在下端具有可插入第一材料1的接合孔3内的销部7的圆柱状的接合工具8与上述接合孔3同心状地配置,利用未图示的接合装置可旋转且可升降地被支承。
并且,当利用接合工具8接合这样地重合的第一材料1和第二材料2时,从图1的状态如图2所示地将接合工具8一边旋转一边下降而按压在第二材料2上,利用该第二材料2和接合工具8之间产生的摩擦热使上述第二材料2在固态状态下局部地软化而进入第一材料1的接合孔3中。
接着,如图3所示,若使接合工具8下降至肩部9抵接在第二材料2的表面的位置,则进入接合孔3的第二材料2利用塑性流动及压入而在接合孔3和凹部6的整体区域内扩张,通过与接合孔3的螺旋状的槽部5嵌合,在第二材料2侧形成螺旋状(螺纹牙状)的牙部5’,且通过与衬垫部件4的凹部6嵌合,在第二材料2侧形成比接合孔3平面截面大的锚部6’,该牙部5’和锚部6’成为与第一材料1侧的几何学的卡合部。
然后,如图4所示,若向上方拔出接合工具8而使牙部5’及锚部6’硬化,则进入第一材料1的接合孔3内而硬化的第二材料2利用在与上述第一材料1侧之间形成的牙部5’及锚部6’而实现防脱或防转的效果,第一材料1和第二材料2牢固地接合。
事实上,如图5的图表所示,在由本发明者进行的强度比较(拉伸剪切)的验证实验(6mm厚的铝材和5mm厚的铁材的接合)中,确认得到比点焊接5mm厚的铝材彼此的同种材料的情况明显高的拉伸剪切强度,并且,即使与螺栓固结相比,也得到比其优良的极高的拉伸剪切强度。
即,借助螺旋状的牙部5’及锚部6’的组合,朝向接合孔3的轴心方向(图4中的上下方向)的第一材料1及第二材料2的相对变位被固定而得到防脱效果,而且,在这样的轴心方向的相对变位被固定的状态中,伴随着向同方向的相对变位的绕着轴心的转动(接合孔3的槽部5和第二材料2侧的牙部5’处于旋合状态)也是不可能的,从而得到防转效果。
此外,这里举例示出了在接合孔3的内周面上螺纹加工螺旋状的槽部5的情况,但该槽部5并不一定限于形成为螺旋状,例如也可以利用环状的槽部5和花键状的槽部5的组合(也可是螺旋状的槽部5和花键状的槽部5的组合),即使没有锚部6’,也能够得到防脱及防转的效果。
并且,在本实施例中,第一材料1和第二材料2牢固地接合时,进入第一材料1的接合孔3内的第二材料2在与上述第一材料1侧之间作为几何学的卡合部仅形成牙部5’及锚部6’,由于不伸出螺栓固结时的螺栓或螺母那样的突出物,因此不需确保这种突起物的占有空间的设计上的制约,而且,没有在采用螺栓固结时那样的松动或脱落等的担心。
并且,对于预先穿设了接合孔3的第一材料1,只要利用接合工具8使第二材料2侧软化而进入上述接合孔3即可,因此即使第一材料1及第二材料2的板厚比较大也能够应对,能够实现从薄板至厚板的大范围下的接合。
此外,在与第一材料1重合的第二材料2的板厚过薄而应进入接合孔3的第二材料2不足而产生衬垫部件4的凹部6未完全填充的情况下,如图6所示,可以在位于第一材料1的接合孔3的正上方的第二材料2侧的表面上一体地形成隆起部2a,或作为上述隆起部2a附加未图示的另外一块第二材料而部分地实现板厚的增加,由此弥补材料不足,从而可靠地用第二材料2填充衬垫部件4的凹部6。
此时,若将上述隆起部2a的尺寸收入接合工具8的肩部9的外径D内,则借助该肩部9,能够将上述隆起部2a不残存地进行软化而平坦化,第二材料2的最终的上表面形状成为平的。
并且,利用接合工具8在第二材料2上给予摩擦热而使之软化而能够不在第一材料1侧施加过度的加压力地完成接合,因此能够使裂纹或变形等品质缺陷防患于未然。
并且,没有粘着剂那样的夹存物而经由牙部5’及锚部6’将第一材料1和第二材料2机械地接合,因此不会导致使用了粘着剂的情况那样的操作性及作业环境的恶化,而且,能实现再循环时的分离操作简单的再循环性优良的接合。
由此,根据上述实施例,能够实现下述优良的效果:没有螺栓固结的情况中的螺栓或螺母那样的突起物的伸出,因此能大幅度地缓和设计上的制约,且能够消除螺栓固结的情况那样的松动或脱落等的担心,而且,可以进行从薄板到厚板的大范围的接合,且能够避免裂纹或变形等的品质缺陷的产生,并且,能够良好地维持操作性及作业环境地进行可循环性良好的接合。
并且,在上述说明的实施例中,举例示出了在衬垫部件4上形成凹部6的情况,但也可以如图7所示,在第一材料1的下表面侧(远离第二材料2侧)通过锪孔加工与接合孔3连接且具有比该接合孔3大的平面截面的凹部10,并使用上表面平坦的衬垫部件4。
在这样的情况下,利用接合工具8产生的摩擦热而软化并进入接合孔3的第二材料2嵌入第一材料1下表面的凹部10中而形成锚部10’,可以将第一材料1的最终的下表面形状形成为平的。
并且,如图8所示,可以上下相反地配置第一材料1和第二材料2的重合方式,从上方通过第一材料1的接合孔3将接合工具8的销部7按压至第二材料2而实现接合,在这种情况下,上述第二材料2在固态状态下由第二材料2和接合工具8之间产生的摩擦热局部地软化,该软化了的第二材料2通过接合工具8的压入而无处可去而挤入销部7的周围,通过与接合孔3的螺旋状的槽部5嵌合而在第二材料2侧形成螺旋状(螺旋牙状)的牙部5’,且通过伸出至接合工具8的销部7的基端侧周围的肩部9和第一材料1的接合孔3的周围之间的间隙中,在第二材料2侧形成比接合孔3平面截面大的锚部6’,该牙部5’和锚部6’成为与第一材料1侧的几何学的卡合部。
此时,在不需要锚部6’的形成时,接合工具8的肩部9可以继续按压直到与第一材料1的上表面压接或紧密接触的位置,这样一来,可以将第一材料1的最终的上表面形状形成为平的。
并且,上述的实施例的变形例举例示出了使用具有可插入第一材料1的接合孔3内的销部7的接合工具8进行接合的情况,但也可以如图9所示,使用无销部7的接合工具8进行第一材料1和第二材料2的接合。
并且,如图10所示,也可在第一材料1的接合孔3上预先形成向着第二材料2侧缓缓变窄的锥形,可以将与该接合孔3的内周面嵌合而形成在第二材料2侧的锥形部12作为卡合部,这种情况下,最好也在接合孔3的内周面上形成而并用如上所述的槽部5(螺旋状、环状、花键状等)。
并且,如图11所示,当使第一材料1和第二材料2的端部彼此重合而接合时,在使该各端部重合时,优选采用以该重合部分的板厚为第一材料1及第二材料2的一张的量的方式将上述各端部的相互面对侧切口而无阶差的接头构造,这样一来,则能够大幅度提高第一材料1和第二材料2的接合部分的美观,且能够实现该接合部分的空间节省化。
此外,在图11所示的例子的情况下,将第一材料1和第二材料2的各端部以形成为曲柄型的方式切去,但也可以如图12所示,将第一材料1和第二材料2的各端部以形成倾斜地切割的形状的方式进行切去。
并且,在如上所述的实施例及变形例中,说明了对于第一材料1点状地穿设接合孔3,在对应于该接合孔3的一点处定位接合工具8而进行点接合的情况,但也可以将上述图1~图4、图6~图12中的接合孔3穿设为朝向垂直于图面的方向延伸的狭缝状,在该接合孔3的长度方向上使接合工具8移动而进行连续接合。
在这样的连续接合时,通过接合工具8一边旋转一边移动,从接合始端部至接合终端部的近前之间被软化后的第二材料2顺序填充,最终仅在终端部残留孔而完成,成为比较美观的良好的外观。
本发明的材料的接合方法并不限定于上述的实施例及变形例,第一材料及第二材料并不一定是异种材料,即使第一材料及第二材料是同种材料也适用同样的接合方法,并且,只要第一材料能够穿设接合孔即可,并不特别指定其材质,并且,使第二材料以摩擦热在固态状态下局部地软化即可,也可适当地采用金属材料之外的高分子材料等,此外,在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内可以进行各种变更。
Claims (12)
1.一种材料的接合方法,其特征在于,在预先穿设有接合孔的第一材料上以覆盖上述接合孔的方式重合第二材料,使对应于上述接合孔而配置的接合工具一边旋转一边向第二材料按压,利用该第二材料和接合工具之间产生的摩擦热使上述第二材料在固态状态下局部地软化并进入第一材料的接合孔中,在进入了该接合孔的第二材料上形成与上述第一材料侧的几何学的卡合部,然后拔出上述接合工具,使上述卡合部硬化,从而接合第一材料和第二材料,
在第一材料的接合孔的内侧面预先形成有槽部,将与该槽部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的牙部作为卡合部。
2.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,将第二材料侧的与第一材料的接合孔对应的位置局部地增加板厚而弥补材料不足。
3.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,使用具有可插入第一材料的接合孔内的销部的接合工具而使第二材料进入上述接合孔中。
4.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,从第二材料侧将接合工具向第二材料按压而实现接合。
5.如权利要求3所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,从第一材料侧通过接合孔将接合工具的销部向第二材料按压而实现接合。
6.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,在配置在第一材料的远离第二材料侧的衬垫部件上预先形成有与上述第一材料的接合孔相对且具有比该接合孔大的平面截面的凹部,且从第二材料侧将接合工具向第二材料按压而实现接合,将与上述凹部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
7.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,在第一材料的远离第二材料侧上预先形成有与接合孔连续且具有比该接合孔大的平面截面的凹部,且从第二材料侧将接合工具向第二材料按压而实现接合,将与上述凹部嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
8.如权利要求3所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,从第一材料侧通过接合孔将接合工具的销部向第二材料按压而实现接合,将在接合工具的销部的基端侧周围和第一材料的接合孔周围之间的间隙伸出而形成在第二材料侧的锚部作为卡合部。
9.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,在第一材料的接合孔中预先形成向第二材料侧缓缓变窄的锥形,将与该接合孔的内侧面嵌合而形成在第二材料侧的锥形部作为卡合部。
10.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,当使第一材料和第二材料的端部彼此重合而接合时,在使该各端部重合时,该重合部分采用以板厚为第一材料及第二材料的一张的量的方式将上述各端部的相互面对侧切去而无阶差的接头构造。
11.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,对于第一材料点状地穿设接合孔,在对应于该接合孔的一点处定位接合工具,进行点接合。
12.如权利要求1所述的材料的接合方法,其特征在于,对于第一材料狭缝状地穿设接合孔,在该接合孔的长度方向上使接合工具移动而进行连续接合。
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JP4886277B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
US20090236028A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
JP2007136505A (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
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CN101309775A (zh) | 2008-11-19 |
WO2007058293A1 (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
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US7909229B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 |
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