CN101300232A - 合成取代的吡唑的方法 - Google Patents
合成取代的吡唑的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101300232A CN101300232A CNA2006800272230A CN200680027223A CN101300232A CN 101300232 A CN101300232 A CN 101300232A CN A2006800272230 A CNA2006800272230 A CN A2006800272230A CN 200680027223 A CN200680027223 A CN 200680027223A CN 101300232 A CN101300232 A CN 101300232A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C241/00—Preparation of compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
- C07C241/02—Preparation of hydrazines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C241/00—Preparation of compounds containing chains of nitrogen atoms singly-bound to each other, e.g. hydrazines, triazanes
- C07C241/04—Preparation of hydrazides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C281/00—Derivatives of carbonic acid containing functional groups covered by groups C07C269/00 - C07C279/00 in which at least one nitrogen atom of these functional groups is further bound to another nitrogen atom not being part of a nitro or nitroso group
- C07C281/02—Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. carbazates
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及一种式I化合物的合成方法。式I化合物是一种胰高血糖素受体拮抗剂且对于治疗、预防或延缓2型糖尿病的发作是有效的。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及一种取代吡唑的合成方法。该化合物作为一种抗糖尿病的化合物是特别有效的。特别是已经证明该化合物具有作为胰高血糖素受体拮抗剂的活性。
胰高血糖素作为主要调节激素用于减弱胰岛素在抑制肝脏葡糖异生作用,并且作为对血糖水平下降的响应,胰高血糖素通常由胰岛中的α细胞分泌。该激素结合到肝细胞中的特定受体上通过cAMP介导作用引发糖原的分解和葡糖异生的增加。这些响应产生葡萄糖(例如产生肝葡糖),通过防止血糖水平显著下降从而帮助保持血糖正常。
II型糖尿病除了循环胰岛素水平升高之外,血浆胰高血糖素的水平升高并且肝葡糖的生成速度增加。本文描述方法的主题的化合物是胰高血糖素的拮抗剂,因此其可以有效地提高肝脏中胰岛素的应答,降低葡糖异生的速度和降低肝葡萄糖排出的速度从而降低血浆葡萄糖的水平。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种保护基不依靠苛刻的脱保护条件而容易地被除去的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种易于选择性脱保护的方法。
这些目的及其它目的将从本文包含的教导中体现出来。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物的合成方法,
所述方法包括:将式III化合物
与1,1′-羰基二咪唑和β-丙氨酸酯或其盐或溶剂化物反应,并且用碱进行水解以得到式I化合物。
发明详述
本发明的描述涉及下列缩写和定义。
Bu=丁基,t-Bu=叔丁基 | Bn和Bnzl=苄基 |
BOC,Boc=叔丁氧基羰基 | CBZ,Cbz=苄氧羰基 |
CDI=羰基二咪唑 | |
COD=环辛二烯 | C6H11=环己基 |
DCC=二环己基碳化二亚胺 | DCM=二氯甲烷 |
DMAC=二甲基乙酰胺 | DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 |
DMAP=4-二甲基氨基吡啶 | Et=乙基 |
EtOAc=乙酸乙酯 | EtOH=乙醇 |
Fc=二茂铁基 | IPA=异丙醇 |
HOAc=乙酸 | TFA=三氟乙酸 |
Me=甲基 | Py,Pyr=吡啶基 |
Ph=苯基 | IPAc=异丙基乙酰胺 |
THF=四氢呋喃 | NMP=N-甲基吡咯烷酮 |
Ph2-Fc-P-(tBu)2是美国专利US 6,777,567B2(Solvias)中公开的Josiphos配体,可从Strem购得。Xyl-P-Phos在美国专利US 5,886,182(Synetix)中公开,可从Strem购得。Me-f-Ketalphos同样可以从Chiral Quest购得。也可以使用各种铑基催化剂。
本文描述的化合物可以根据下面常规的合成流程图概括的方法制备。
流程图1
流程图2
流程图3
在上面的流程图中,R1代表合适的酯形成基团。实例包括C1-10烷基,例如乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、叔丁基环己基等和苄基。优选乙基。
类似地,符号Prot Gp-肼是指被保护的肼,被用Prot Gp表示的合适的保护基保护,Prot Gp代表保护基。实例包括叔丁氧基羰基、甲氧基羰基、羧基苯甲酰基、苄基等。
许多中间体包含不对称中心,因而存在外消旋体及其混合物。因此本发明包括所有这些异构形式的化合物,其为纯异构体形式和混合物的形式。
本文描述的方法一般被认为是立体选择合成。酮A与保护的肼缩合产生保护的腙B。这种缩合反应是在合适的溶剂,例如甲苯中,在酸性条件下,例如用乙酸,在大约60℃的条件下进行的。
使用质子源,例如氢气和催化剂将保护的腙B不对称氢化产生N-保护的肼C。这样产生的肼是对映异构体过量的(大约86%ee)。用于该转化的合适的催化剂是催化剂前体(precatalyst)与合适的配体的混合物,前体催化剂例如Rh(COD)BF4,配体例如Josiphos。
将C中的保护基脱保护和随后使用苯磺酸的乙醇溶液提高对映异构体过量的程度,从而形成了苯磺酸盐形式的晶体肼D(未显示),对映异构体过量大于99%。
参考流程图2,1,3-二酮G是通过在碱,例如叔丁醇钾存在的条件下,酯E和酮F缩合制备的。然后在有助剂存在的条件下,在合适的溶剂,例如DMAc、NMP等中进行D和G之间的环化。合适的助剂的实例包括LiCl、LiBr、MgBr2及其他Lewis酸。另外可以使用氯化四丁基胺。助剂提供了高达大约17∶1的高度区域选择性。此后用合适碱,例如NaOH水解化合物II形成的酯部分产生酸III。
如参考流程图3所示,所述酸III与β-丙氨酸酯或其盐或溶剂化物,优选HCl盐化合形成III的β-丙氨酰酯(未显示)。然后例如用添加例如NaOH的碱水解酯,并且任选结晶,结晶使用例如乙腈和水,以产生游离酸形式的目的化合物I。
另一种用于合成式II化合物的方法如流程图4中所示。
流程图4
简要地说,通过从溴代-3,5-二氯苯上替换溴制备3,5-二氯苯基乙炔J。这种反应一般在惰性气氛下,在合适的溶剂中和在例如三乙胺的碱存在下进行。该中间体与6-甲氧基-2-萘甲酰氯K反应生成炔酮L。其后炔酮L与手性肼D反应产生手性中间体II。其后化合物II并入上面描述的根据流程图3的合成步骤,与β-丙氨酰酯反应然后水解产生目标化合物I。
剂量范围
式I化合物的日剂量范围在大约0.001mg到大约1000mg的常规范围之内,单剂或多剂。有时可能必需使用的剂量在这些限制之外。成人典型的剂量范围从每天大约0.1mg到大约1.0g,优选地大约1mg到大约200mg,单剂或多剂。
药物组合物
药物组合物包含式I的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物和药学上可接受的载体。这包括含有活性物质和组成载体的一种或多种惰性成份(药学上可接受的赋形剂)的产品,还包括直接或间接地由任意的两种或更多组分的组合、复合或集合得到的,或者由一种或多种组分分解得到的,再或者由组分之间其它类型的反应或者相互作用得到的任何产品。
虽然本发明已经参考具体的实施方案进行了描述和说明,但可以在其中进行多种变化、修饰和替换并不脱离本发明精神和范围。因此本发明仅仅由以下的权利要求的范围进行限制,而且该权利要求应当解释为合理的宽度。
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US70245405P | 2005-07-26 | 2005-07-26 | |
US60/702,454 | 2005-07-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN101300232A true CN101300232A (zh) | 2008-11-05 |
Family
ID=37460179
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CNA2006800272230A Pending CN101300232A (zh) | 2005-07-26 | 2006-07-21 | 合成取代的吡唑的方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7709658B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1910303A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2009502923A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101300232A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2006276072A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2614537A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007015999A2 (zh) |
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BRPI0918004B8 (pt) | 2008-08-13 | 2021-05-25 | Metabasis Therapeutics Inc | compostos antagonistas e agonistas inversos de receptores de glucagon, composição farmacêutica e uso dos compostos |
US8436015B2 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2013-05-07 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Glucagon receptor antagonist compounds, compositions containing such compounds and methods of use |
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EP2480077B1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2015-02-18 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Pyrrolidines as glucagon receptor antagonists, compositions, and methods for their use |
KR101506829B1 (ko) | 2010-12-23 | 2015-03-30 | 화이자 인코포레이티드 | 글루카곤 수용체 조절제 |
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EP3065736B1 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2018-11-14 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Glucagon receptor antagonist compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of use |
WO2015191900A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Glucagon antagonists |
CN106279023B (zh) * | 2015-05-12 | 2021-06-22 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | 3,4,5-三取代吡唑类化合物、制备方法、药物组合物及用途 |
TWI757332B (zh) * | 2016-09-06 | 2022-03-11 | 比利時商健生藥品公司 | 使用作為升糖素受體拮抗劑之吲唑衍生物 |
TW201811752A (zh) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-04-01 | 比利時商健生藥品公司 | 用作升糖素受體拮抗劑之吲唑衍生物 |
EP3752249A1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2020-12-23 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Glucagon receptor antagonists |
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-
2006
- 2006-07-21 CA CA002614537A patent/CA2614537A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-21 EP EP06800239A patent/EP1910303A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-21 AU AU2006276072A patent/AU2006276072A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-21 JP JP2008524008A patent/JP2009502923A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-21 WO PCT/US2006/028545 patent/WO2007015999A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-07-21 US US11/988,849 patent/US7709658B2/en active Active
- 2006-07-21 CN CNA2006800272230A patent/CN101300232A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20090054662A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
US7709658B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
JP2009502923A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
CA2614537A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
AU2006276072A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
WO2007015999A3 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
EP1910303A2 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
WO2007015999A2 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
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