CN101289310B - Low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101289310B CN101289310B CN2008100582115A CN200810058211A CN101289310B CN 101289310 B CN101289310 B CN 101289310B CN 2008100582115 A CN2008100582115 A CN 2008100582115A CN 200810058211 A CN200810058211 A CN 200810058211A CN 101289310 B CN101289310 B CN 101289310B
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus Chemical compound P12P3P1P32 OBSZRRSYVTXPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002894 chemical waste Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 acvator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010805 inorganic waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low temperature ceramics non-watertight brick made of solid waste slag and a manufacture method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The mixture ratio by weight of the components of the low temperature ceramics non-watertight brick is that waste slag gelled material to waste slag skeletal material to porogenic agent to activating agent to addition agent to paint to water is equal to 100:200-800:0.1-40:13-50:0.2-3.0:0.1-7.0:1-20. After the process, mixture, vibrating forming and maintenance process for the raw materials, the raw materials are prepared into the low temperature ceramics non-watertight brick with a filled pore by taking the low temperature ceramics mineral as the matrix phase and taking the inorganic waste slag particle as the wild phase. Compared with the prior art, the low temperature ceramics non-watertight brick has the advantages of high strength, good permeability of water, high salvage value, simple process, low cost, environment protection and natural resources reservation, etc. which can be widely applied to the laying of urban highways.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with solid waste production low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks method, genus building material technical field.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the road surface, urban street is mostly adopted fluid-tight material such as cement concrete, pitch, stone material, ceramic tile to lay and is formed, the incompatibility city requirement that keeps good ecotope of this hard surface.Its reason is:
(1) hard surface can cause serious environmental to pollute: when raining in torrents; Rainwater is taken away a large amount of urban pollutants via hard surface; The agricultural chemicals that spray like greasy dirt, rubbish, grit, mud, meadow, city and park etc. cause river, the lake pollution of accepting heavy rain because of obtaining any processing.
(2) hard surface causes groundwater table decreasing: underground water is the valuable source of keeping urban development, because the influence of hard surface, underground water can not get necessary replenishing, and water level continues to descend, and then causes setting of ground, and the house caves in.
(3) hard surface causes urban environment decay: because hardened ground can not absorb precipitation, rainwater is wasted, and when after rainfall season, the local problem that can occur drought and water shortage again is absorbed in vicious cycle.Owing to lack the self-restraint of water, city hot island phenomenon is outstanding day by day.
Permeable brick has good water-permeable and performance of keeping humidity, can alleviate the city well because " the city desertification " that hard surface brought reaches " tropical island effect " problem, helps keeping city water balance; Natural precipitation can be absorbed by permeable brick rapidly, and permeates the ground through the face of land, replenishes ground water table in good time; Excess surface water can eliminated or reduce to permeable brick, and when producing the flood control benefit, numerous urban pollutants do not cause more large-area environmental pollution through the flowing water migration; After rainfall finished, the moisture in the permeable brick was discharged into again in the air gradually, regulated surface temperature and humidity, alleviated city " tropical island effect ", safeguarded the face of land eubiosis; Permeable brick has sound-absorbing and antiskid function, can improve the security and the comfortableness of walking, absorbs the noise that vehicle ' produced, and creates quiet comfortable traffic environment.Therefore, permeable brick can be widely used in the laying on road surfaces such as dwelling house, garden, park, square, Botanical gardens, gardens, factory area, parking, tree well, greenhouse, walkway and light duty traffic highway, can produce good society, environment and ecologic effect.
The conventional art of producing permeable brick mainly contains three types: be the concrete permeable brick of wedding agent with the silicate cement; The pottery that produces with high temperature sintering is the ceramic water-permeable brick of wedding agent; With the high molecular polymer is the permeable brick of polymer composites of wedding agent.
The technical scheme of the disclosed relevant permeable brick of Chinese patent document has; CN200610159648.9, CN200610140628.7, CN200710004919.8,200310115501.6, CN01127813.7, CN200510115396.5, CN03126168.X etc.; Above-mentioned this type technology; Sintering brick permeable to water permeable is to utilize molten particulate grating of high temperature and the flammable organic burning connected pore channel that forms of becoming homeless to reach permeable purpose, and produce between the particle connect be the ceramic body that sintering produces at all; The permeable of concrete permeable brick is to utilize grating and aggregate such as particless of aggregates such as stone, slag, haydites to reach the permeable purpose of infiltration with the imperfection formation hole that cooperates of gelling material, and the basic source that produces bonding strength between the particle is the hydrated silicate gel mineral that hydrated cementitious produces; The permeable of the permeable brick of polymkeric substance is to utilize the grating of inorganic particle and the hydrophilic of polymkeric substance to reach suction and permeable purpose, and intensity derives from high molecular polymer.Without cement, high molecular polymer is adhesives, without high-sintering process, and uses industrial residue to be main raw material, is not seeing bibliographical information as yet near producing low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks under the normal temperature condition.
The staple of industrial residue generally is made up of silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, quicklime, red stone, Natural manganese dioxide, sodium oxide; Handle through appropriate means; Its original silicate sturcture ability depolymerization, and can have the performance of stupalith being that polymerization once again forms new silicate network under the ambient condition with water; But, therefore be called low-temp ceramics because the process that ceramic body forms does not have the high temperature sintering of traditional ceramics.Report by low-temp ceramics deutero-matrix material is existing, like Chinese patent document disclosed 200610010688.7,200510010946.7,200710137584.7,03135919.1 etc.
The something in common of above-mentioned low-temp ceramics matrix material is: the matrix of matrix material be mutually use industrial residue as main raw material through behind the grinding under cooperating as the acvator of main body or properties-correcting agent with alkali; Pass through steam heating; The original silicate sturcture of waste residue powder is dissociated; And reorganization aggregates into new silicate minerals, difference be in: the wild phase of matrix material is respectively plant residuum, plastic waste, undisturbed industry waste residue, macromolecular material.Just because of the change of strongthener, just changed performance of composites fully, have the performance of timber, high molecular polymer, stone material respectively.These matrix materials are characteristic with HS, H.T. and low water absorption all, and do not possess permeable characteristic.Promptly use industrial residue not appear in the newspapers as the main material production low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks.
Summary of the invention
It is main raw material with the industrial residue that technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of, without high temperature sintering, without cement and expensive high molecular polymer caking agent; Near producing the intensity height under the normal temperature condition; Wear resistance is good, and permeable speed is fast, the novel water permeable brick of good water-retaining property; Through substituting hard surface material such as widely used conventional concrete and stone material in the urban construction, reach the purpose of improving urban ecological environment.
Solving the scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is:
The component of each raw material is waste residue gelling material, waste residue aggregate, pore-creating agent, acvator, auxiliary agent, pigment and water in the permeable brick; Each component is pressed mass ratio and is cooperated, and its ratio is the waste residue gelling material: waste residue aggregate: pore-creating agent: acvator: auxiliary agent: pigment: water=100: 200～800: 0.1～40: 13～50: 0.2～3.0: 0.1～7.0: 1～20;
The waste residue gelling material; Adopt one or more mixing of following material; Be yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, chemical waste gypsum relieving haperacidity slag, flyash, calcining mine tailing, calcining coal gangue, calcining red mud; These materials have passed through high-temperature calcination or fused industrial residue in production process, and the CaO content in the material should be greater than 10%, SiO
2+ Al
2O
3＞50%;
The waste residue aggregate adopts one or more mixing of following material, i.e. municipal refuse incineration slag, sludge incineration slag, coal-fired slag, yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, metallurgy and cast waste sand, waste concrete, barren rock;
Pore-creating agent adopts one or more mixing of following material, i.e. sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, tap water scum silica frost, eutrophy lake bed mud and suspended substance, and the loss on ignition content of solid matter should be greater than 30% in the material;
Acvator is made up of water glass, soda ash, caustic soda, slaked lime, carbide slag, Portland clinker, the two or more mixing of chemical waste gypsum, and the mass ratio of each material collocation back ingredient is: Na
2O: SiO
2: CaO=1: 0.5～4.2: 0.1～10.5;
Water reducer uses one or both of sulfonated lignin, naphthalenesulfonate in the auxiliary agent; Retardant uses Sodium salts humic acids, molasses, borax, sodium phosphate, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), Sodium Fluoride, calcium silicofluoride, one or more mixing of Sodium Silicofluoride 98min in the auxiliary agent; The ratio of water reducer and retardant is 1: 0.1～1.5;
Pigment is made up of iron oxide red, iron oxide black, iron oxide yellow, chrome yellow, one or more mixing of barba hispanica;
Water can adopt ordinary tap water, city domestic sewage, paper waste, wastewater from red mud, contain one or more mixing in alkali waste water, brine waste, water of condensation, the middle water.
The fineness of waste residue gelling material tails over less than 10% for the 0.08mm square hole sieve; The fineness of waste residue aggregate tails over greater than 90% for the 0.5mm square hole sieve, and the 20mm square hole sieve tails over less than 10%.
Process method of the present invention is following:
(1) raw material is handled:
Waste residue gelling material powder preparing: industrial residue comprise yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, chemical waste gypsum relieving haperacidity slag, flyash, calcining mine tailing, calcining coal gangue, calcining red mud one or more; Combined grinding after super-dry, metering; Also need during grinding the water-insoluble substance slaked lime in the acvator, carbide slag, Portland clinker, chemical waste gypsum metering back combined grinding, grinding becomes fineness to tail over less than 10% for the 0.08mm square hole sieve;
Waste residue aggregate preparation: one or more of municipal refuse incineration slag, sludge incineration slag, coal-fired slag, yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, metallurgy and cast waste sand, waste concrete, barren rock; Need be treated as the 0.5mm square hole sieve and tail over greater than 90% through broken, screening before using, the 20mm square hole sieve tails over the particulate state less than 10%;
Pore-creating agent is handled: comprise sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, tap water scum silica frost, eutrophy lake bed mud and suspended substance, before use need be two or more with water glass, soda ash, caustic soda in the acvator and auxiliary agent in water-soluble substances mix and break into slurry;
Water-soluble solid material in acvator and the auxiliary agent except can be as stated above with gelling material blend grinding, with the making beating of pore material mixing, be dissolved in the aqueous solution jointly after can also measuring and use.
(2) compound preparation:
Add the gelling material powder that measures, aggregate, the additive aqueous solution successively in the stirrer, churning time is 3min～5min;
(3) moulding:
Compound adds in the die cavity, vibration earlier, and compression moulding again, time of vibration is 5 seconds～25 seconds; Molding blank is placed on the supporting plate;
(4) maintenance and processing:
Molding blank is together with the first maintenance 12h～24h in no convection current wind environment of supporting plate, and continuation maintenance 8h～24h in 85 ℃～180 ℃ the saturation steam curing kilns sent into temperature and be by sign indicating number base again then, treats that temperature is lower than 60 ℃ of kiln discharges and becomes product; Also can adopt means such as cutting, surface cutter hair, tie rod line or rubbing down processing that product is carried out secondary processing as required, to improve the aesthetic property of goods.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is:
1) compare with the permeable brick of high molecular polymer production, the invention belongs to the inorganic materials category, avoided organic materials degraded, additive discharges, residue volatilization (like formaldehyde) causes Toxic pollution problem fully, it is low to have a cost, the advantage of good endurance.
2) compare with the high temperature sintering ceramic water-permeable brick, near accomplishing under the normal temperature condition, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low almost for main production process of the present invention, reduced investment, non-environmental-pollution.
3) compare with concrete permeable brick, the present invention is the main raw material of gelling material and aggregate with the industrial residue, and the water treatment waste is a pore-creating agent, has the advantage of waste utilization rate height, environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) gelling material: 70 parts of yellow phosphorus slags, 20 parts in flyash, 10 parts of blast furnace slags;
(2) aggregate is formed: 150 parts of yellow phosphorus slags, and 50 parts of water glass antiquated sands;
(3) pore-creating agent: 12 parts of dewatered sludges, 10 parts of Dian Chi bed muds;
(4) acvator: 7 parts of water glass, 0.5 part in yellow soda ash, 0.5 part in caustic soda, 2 parts of desulfurated plasters, 3 parts in grog;
(5) auxiliary agent: 1.0 parts of calcium lignin sulphonates, 0.4 part of Sodium salts humic acids, 0.5 part of borax, 0.3 part of sodium phosphate, 0.5 part in Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), 0.1 part of Sodium Fluoride, 0.2 part of calcium silicofluoride;
(6) pigment: 5 parts of iron oxide reds;
(7) water: 20 parts of wastewater from red mud.
2) technology:
By prescription metering yellow phosphorus slag, flyash, yellow soda ash, desulfurated plaster, grog, calcium lignin sulphonate, Sodium salts humic acids, borax, sodium phosphate, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), Sodium Fluoride, calcium silicofluoride, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 96% powder less than 0.08mm;
The aggregate preparation: yellow phosphorus slag, cast waste sand at first carry out fragmentation, screening is treated as the 0.5mm square hole sieve and tails over greater than 91%, and the 20mm square hole sieve tails over the particulate state less than 9%.
Aqueous solution preparation: at first be dissolved in water glass, caustic soda in the wastewater from red mud, under whipped state, add dewatered sludge and the Dian Chi bed mud that measures, force to stir pulping.
Add the gelling material powder that measures, aggregate, the additive aqueous solution successively in the stirrer, churning time is 5min, adds compound in the vibration brick pressing machine die cavity; Vibration earlier 5 seconds; Continuing the vibration condition pressed 5 seconds again, molding blank is placed on the supporting plate, hides maintenance 12h with plastics film; Again sign indicating number base is then sent into temperature and is and continues maintenance 24h in 85 ℃ the saturation steam curing kilns and become product; Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 35MPa, folding strength 6.5MPa, water-retentivity 1.1g/cm
2, coefficient of permeability 1.8 * 10
-2Cm/s, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 8.2%.
Embodiment 2:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) gelling material: 40 parts of blast furnace slags, 20 parts in flyash, 20 parts of calcining red muds, Calcined polishing aluminum oxide mine tailing 20;
(2) aggregate is formed: 100 parts of cinders, and 700 parts of barren rocks;
(3) pore-creating agent: 40 parts of tap water scum silica frost (water ratio 80%);
(4) acvator: 30 parts of water glass, 6 parts in caustic soda, 5 parts in grog;
(5) auxiliary agent: 1.0 parts of naphthalenesulfonates, 0.1 part of sodium phosphate;
(6) pigment: 0.1 part of iron oxide red;
(7) water: nothing adds.
2) technology:
By prescription metering blast furnace slag, flyash, calcining red mud, Calcined polishing aluminum oxide mine tailing, grog, naphthalenesulfonate, sodium phosphate, iron oxide red, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 92% powder less than 0.08mm;
The aggregate preparation: cinder, barren rock at first carry out fragmentation, screening is treated as the 0.5mm square hole sieve and tails over 93%, and the 20mm square hole sieve tails over 7% particulate state.
Aqueous solution preparation: at first mix water glass, caustic soda dissolving, under whipped state, add the tap water scum silica frost, force to stir pulping.
Add the gelling material powder that measures, aggregate, the additive aqueous solution successively in the stirrer, churning time is 5min, adds compound in the vibration brick pressing machine die cavity; Vibration earlier 10 seconds; Continuing the vibration condition pressed 5 seconds again, molding blank is placed on the supporting plate, sends into maintenance 12h in the precuring chamber; Again sign indicating number base is then sent into temperature and is and continues maintenance 8h in 180 ℃ the saturation steam curing kilns and become product; Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 55MPa, folding strength 7.8MPa, water-retentivity 1.4g/cm
2, coefficient of permeability 2.38 * 10
-2Cm/s, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 4.2%.
Embodiment 3:
1) prescription is formed (physical measurement unit is mass parts):
(1) gelling material: 40 parts of hot method manganese slags, 20 parts of phosphogypsum relieving haperacidity slags, 20 parts of calcining coal gangues, 20 parts in slag;
(2) aggregate is formed: 50 parts of municipal refuse incineration slags, 50 parts of sludge incineration slags, 100 parts of copper ashes, 100 parts of waste concretes, 100 parts of useless bricks;
(3) pore-creating agent: 40 parts of Dian Chi blue-green algae slags (water ratio 95%);
(4) acvator: 5 parts of soda ash, 15 parts of slaked limes, 10 parts of carbide slags, 3 parts of Portland clinkers, 3 parts of phosphogypsums;
(5) auxiliary agent: 0.5 part of naphthalenesulfonate, 0.75 part of sodium phosphate;
(6) pigment: 1.5 parts of iron oxide blacks, 3.0 parts of iron oxide yellows, 2.0 parts of chrome yellow, 0.5 part of barba hispanica;
(7) water: contain 1 part of the steam-cured water of condensation of alkali.
2) technology:
By prescription calorimetry manganese slag, phosphogypsum relieving haperacidity slag, calcining coal gangue, slag, soda ash, slaked lime, carbide slag, Portland clinker, phosphogypsum, naphthalenesulfonate, sodium phosphate, iron oxide black, iron oxide yellow, barba hispanica, the blend grinding becomes granularity to account for 97% powder less than 0.08mm;
The aggregate preparation: municipal refuse incineration slag, sludge incineration slag, copper ashes, waste concrete, useless brick at first carry out fragmentation, screening is treated as the 0.5mm square hole sieve and tails over 95%, and the 20mm square hole sieve tails over 5% particulate state.
Aqueous solution preparation: add in the entry at following Dian Chi blue-green algae slag of whipped state, force to stir pulping.
Add the gelling material powder that measures, aggregate, the additive aqueous solution successively in the stirrer, churning time is 3min, adds compound in the vibration brick pressing machine die cavity; Vibration earlier 10 seconds was continuing the vibration condition pressed 15 seconds again, and molding blank is placed on the supporting plate; Naturally dried in the shade 10 hours; Send into maintenance 12h in 80 ℃ of precuring chambers again, sign indicating number base is again then sent into temperature and is and continues maintenance 12h in 180 ℃ the saturation steam curing kilns and become product; Test performance is: ultimate compression strength 48MPa, folding strength 6.2MPa, water-retentivity 1.35g/cm
2, coefficient of permeability 2.67 * 10
-2Cm/s, 25 freeze-thaw cycle ultimate compression strength losses 9.2%.
Claims (4)
1. low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks of processing with solid slag, it is characterized in that: the component of each raw material is waste residue gelling material, waste residue aggregate, pore-creating agent, acvator, auxiliary agent, pigment and water in the permeable brick; Each component is pressed mass ratio and is cooperated, and its ratio is the waste residue gelling material: waste residue aggregate: pore-creating agent: acvator: auxiliary agent: pigment: water=100:200～800:0.1～40:13～50:0.2～3.0:0.1～7.0:1～20;
1.1 waste residue gelling material; Adopt one or more mixing of following material; Yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, chemical waste gypsum relieving haperacidity slag, flyash, calcining mine tailing, calcining coal gangue, calcining red mud; These waste residues have passed through high-temperature calcination or fusion in production process, and the CaO content in the material should be greater than 10%, SiO
2+ Al
2O
3>50%;
1.2 the waste residue aggregate adopts one or more mixing of following material, municipal refuse incineration slag, sludge incineration slag, coal-fired slag, yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, metallurgy and cast waste sand, waste concrete, barren rock;
1.3 pore-creating agent adopts one or more mixing of following material, sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, tap water scum silica frost, eutrophy lake bed mud and suspended substance, and the loss on ignition content of solid matter should be greater than 30% in the material;
1.4 acvator is made up of water glass, soda ash, caustic soda, slaked lime, carbide slag, Portland clinker, the two or more mixing of chemical waste gypsum, the mass ratio of each material collocation back ingredient is: Na
2O:SiO
2: CaO=1:0.5～4.2:0.1～10.5;
1.5 water reducer uses one or both of sulfonated lignin, naphthalenesulfonate in the auxiliary agent; Retardant uses Sodium salts humic acids, molasses, borax, sodium phosphate, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), Sodium Fluoride, calcium silicofluoride, one or more mixing of Sodium Silicofluoride 98min in the auxiliary agent; The ratio of water reducer and retardant is 1:0.1～1.5;
1.6 pigment is made up of iron oxide red, iron oxide black, iron oxide yellow, chrome yellow, one or more mixing of barba hispanica;
1.7 water can adopt ordinary tap water, city domestic sewage, paper waste, wastewater from red mud, contain one or more mixing in alkali waste water, brine waste, water of condensation, the middle water.
2. by the described low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fineness of waste residue gelling material tails over less than 10% for the 0.08mm square hole sieve; The fineness of waste residue aggregate tails over greater than 90% for the 0.5mm square hole sieve, and the 20mm square hole sieve tails over less than 10%.
3. the working method of the described low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks of claim 1 is made up of raw material processing, blended stock preparation, moulding, maintenance operation, it is characterized in that:
3.1 raw material is handled:
Waste residue gelling material powder preparing: industrial residue comprise yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, chemical waste gypsum relieving haperacidity slag, flyash, calcining mine tailing, calcining coal gangue, calcining red mud one or more; Combined grinding after super-dry, metering; Also need during grinding the water-insoluble substance slaked lime in the acvator, carbide slag, Portland clinker, chemical waste gypsum metering back combined grinding, grinding becomes fineness to tail over less than 10% for the 0.08mm square hole sieve;
Waste residue aggregate preparation: one or more of municipal refuse incineration slag, sludge incineration slag, coal-fired slag, yellow phosphorus slag, Metal smelting slag, metallurgy and cast waste sand, waste concrete, barren rock; Need be treated as the 0.5mm square hole sieve and tail over greater than 90% through broken, screening before using, the 20mm square hole sieve tails over the particulate state less than 10%;
Pore-creating agent is handled: comprise sewage treatment plant dewater sludge, tap water scum silica frost, eutrophy lake bed mud and suspended substance, before use need be two or more with water glass, soda ash, caustic soda in the acvator and auxiliary agent in water-soluble substances mix and break into slurry;
3.2 compound preparation:
Gelling material powder, waste residue aggregate, pore-creating agent, the additive aqueous solution add in the stirrer successively, and churning time is 3 min～5min;
3.3 moulding
The compound that stirs is added in the die cavity, vibration earlier, compression moulding again, time of vibration is 5 seconds～25 seconds;
3.4 maintenance and processing
Molding blank is together with the first maintenance 12 h～24h in no convection current wind environment of supporting plate, and continuation maintenance 8 h～24h in the saturation steam curing kilns of 85 ° of C～180 ° C sent into temperature and be by sign indicating number base again then, treats that temperature is lower than 60 ° of C kiln discharges and becomes product.
4. by the working method of the described low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the product to kiln discharge has adopted the secondary processing of cutting, surface cutter hair, tie rod line or rubbing down processing to handle.
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