CN109796189B - Water permeable brick prepared from building wastes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water permeable brick prepared from building wastes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109796189B CN109796189B CN201910271678.6A CN201910271678A CN109796189B CN 109796189 B CN109796189 B CN 109796189B CN 201910271678 A CN201910271678 A CN 201910271678A CN 109796189 B CN109796189 B CN 109796189B
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 ceramsite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical group [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011456 concrete brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water permeable brick prepared from building wastes and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The water permeable brick utilizes building waste as aggregate, and kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water are added; wherein the construction waste aggregate mainly comprises: the invention obtains the water permeable brick with high water permeability, high strength and good sound absorption effect by reasonable material selection and raw material grading, has good noise reduction effect on urban pavement construction, particularly on noise pollution of vehicles on surrounding houses, and has good sound absorption effect on low-frequency noise, and the water permeable brick can be suitable for laying tunnel lamp pavements and reducing tunnel noise pollution. Meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and is beneficial to production and manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a water permeable brick prepared by utilizing building wastes.
Background
The water permeable brick is a city water permeable paving material which is rapidly developed in recent years and is favored by a city municipal department. Along with the rise and development of sponge city construction, the demand for the water permeable bricks is increasingly vigorous. But the brick that permeates water now only can satisfy general demand of permeating water, and the rate of permeating water is not high, and rupture strength is lower and the function is comparatively single. In addition, with the rapid development of urban construction and the rapid increase of urban people flow, the construction of traffic roads and residential houses is accelerated. Due to the widening of roads and the large demand of people on residential houses, many houses are close to the roads during construction, the noise pollution is serious, and the rest and the life of people are influenced. In addition, a large amount of waste building slag generated in the road and house construction process is not reasonably applied, so that resource waste is caused, and meanwhile, a large amount of land area is occupied due to the accumulation of the building slag.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water permeable brick prepared from building wastes and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem of waste of building wastes on one hand and solve the problems of low water permeability and poor sound absorption effect of the existing water permeable brick on the other hand.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a water permeable brick prepared from building wastes is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 1-5 parts of water reducing agent and 15-30 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein, the building waste aggregate mainly includes: the concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: (0.8-1): (0.5-0.8): (1-1.5): (0.4-0.6): (0.4-0.6), and the ceramsite is prepared from waste ceramics.
The aggregate of the water permeable brick is all derived from building wastes, so that the resource is recycled, and the environment is protected. The building wastes adopted by the invention comprise waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, and the materials are common materials in buildings and are wide in sources and easy to obtain; wherein, the waste concrete, the waste tiles and the waste stone are used as coarse aggregates, and the ceramsite, the waste gypsum and the waste glass which are prepared from the waste ceramics are used as fine aggregates; according to the invention, the thick and thin aggregates are reasonably graded and matched, so that the strength of the brick body of the permeable brick can be improved on the premise of ensuring the porous structure. According to the invention, the waste ceramic is processed into the ceramsite, the sound absorption effect of the water permeable brick is improved by utilizing the porous structure of the ceramsite, and the water permeable brick processed into the ceramsite has an obvious sound absorption effect on high-frequency noise and also has a good sound absorption effect on low-frequency noise. In addition, the waste gypsum is added into the building waste, and not only can be used as a gelling agent, but also can be decomposed at high temperature to generate gas, so that air holes are formed in the brick body, and the porosity in the brick body is further improved. According to the invention, the waste glass is added into the building waste and can be used as a high-temperature binder to connect aggregate particles into a whole, so that the strength of the brick body is improved.
Under the condition of the building waste aggregate formula based on the invention, kaolin, fly ash and a water reducing agent are added to ensure the workability of materials, the production and the manufacture are convenient, and under the condition of ensuring the workability, the water consumption is reduced, so that the strength of a brick body is improved. The addition of the fly ash can accelerate the reaction with waste gypsum in the building waste aggregate to form a cementing material, so that the strength of the brick body is improved.
The invention selects materials and designs the material proportion according to chemical substances contained in the building wastes, thereby not only ensuring the basic formula requirement of brick body forming, but also realizing mutual promotion and action among the raw materials, making the best use of the materials, finally forming the water permeable brick with high porosity and high strength, and having excellent water permeability and sound absorption performance.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water permeable brick is mainly made of the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 15-20 parts of kaolin, 35-45 parts of fly ash, 1-2 parts of water reducing agent, 1-2 parts of foaming agent and 18-26 parts of water.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the waste concrete, the waste tiles, the waste stone, the ceramsite, the waste gypsum and the waste glass is 1: (0.85-0.95): (0.5-0.6): (1-1.2): (0.4-0.5): (0.4-0.5).
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
cleaning waste ceramics, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 2-3 wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 80-100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and preserving the heat for 2-3h to obtain the ceramsite.
The invention uses foaming agent to granulate the ceramic powder crushed and ground by waste ceramic to obtain the ceramic with porous structure, then uses heat treatment process to improve the micro-gap structure of the ceramic, and improves the porosity and apparent porosity of the ceramic, so that the average size of the gap is basically kept in the range of 0.5-0.8 μm, and the size range of low-frequency sound absorption aperture is reached, and simultaneously, the water permeability of the whole water permeable brick is improved due to the increase of the porosity.
Preferably, the blowing agent of the present invention is ammonium bicarbonate.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ceramsite comprises a first-level ceramsite with a particle size of 6mm-8mm and a second-level ceramsite with a particle size of 2mm-4mm, wherein the first-level ceramsite accounts for 55% -65% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-level ceramsite accounts for 35% -45% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
The ceramsite is compounded by the first-level ceramsite and the second-level ceramsite which are different in size, under the action of the two size ranges, a large number of pores are contained in the stacked aggregate, the water permeability of a brick body is improved, and meanwhile, a plurality of contact points can be stacked to improve the strength of the brick body, so that the effect of simultaneously considering the water permeability and the strength is achieved.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the building waste aggregate further comprises wood slag made of waste wood, and the mass ratio of the wood slag to the waste concrete is (0.1-0.5): 1.
the invention also adds wood slag into the building waste aggregate to realize the recycling of the waste wood. Due to the addition of the wood slag, the water locking and water guiding performance of the wood fiber greatly reduces the uneven shrinkage of the cementing material and reduces the probability of forming early cracks of the brick body; meanwhile, in the brick body sintering process, the wood slag can also be used as a pore-forming agent, so that the porosity can be further improved, and the wood slag is added during material mixing, so that the uniform distribution of pores can be realized.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the wood slag is 2mm to 5 mm.
The preparation method of the water permeable brick prepared by utilizing the building waste comprises the following steps:
(1) building waste aggregate pretreatment
Respectively cleaning waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste gypsum and waste glass to remove impurities, and then respectively crushing and grinding to respectively obtain concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramic powder, gypsum powder and glass powder; wherein, ceramic powder obtained by grinding waste ceramics is granulated to prepare ceramsite;
mixing concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramsite, gypsum powder and glass powder according to the mass ratio to obtain building waste aggregate;
(2) shaping of blank
Mixing the building waste aggregate, kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water in the step (1) according to the weight part ratio, and then pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 15MPa-25 MPa;
(3) drying and sintering
Drying the blank prepared in the step (2) at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 4-5 h, then sintering at the temperature of 800-1200 ℃ for 2-3h, and cooling to obtain the water permeable brick.
According to the invention, by controlling three influencing factors such as the brick formula, the forming pressure, the sintering temperature and the like, the water permeability, the strength and the sound absorption performance are improved, and particularly the sound absorption performance on low-frequency noise is improved. The preparation process is simple and is favorable for large-scale production.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the above-mentioned ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
cleaning the waste ceramic, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 2-3 wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 80-100 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3h to obtain the ceramsite.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), wood residue made of waste wood is further mixed in the building waste aggregate, and the mass ratio of the wood residue to the waste concrete is (0.1-0.5): 1.
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the water permeable brick provided by the invention utilizes building wastes as aggregates, solves the problem of resource waste, and realizes the recycling of resources, and the water permeable brick provided by the invention has the advantages of high water permeability, high strength and good sound absorption effect through reasonable material selection and raw material grading, has a good noise reduction effect on urban road surface construction, especially on noise pollution of vehicles on roads to surrounding houses, and is also suitable for the pavement of tunnel lamp roads to reduce the tunnel noise pollution because the water permeable brick has a good sound absorption effect on low-frequency noise. Meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and is beneficial to production and manufacturing.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1:
the water permeable brick prepared by using the construction waste is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 15 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 20 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the building waste aggregate comprises: the concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 1: 0.8: 1.2: 0.5: 0.4.
the ceramsite of the embodiment comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 60% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 40% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
The preparation method of the water permeable brick prepared by using the building waste comprises the following steps:
(1) building waste aggregate pretreatment
Respectively cleaning waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste gypsum and waste glass to remove impurities, and then respectively crushing and grinding to respectively obtain concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramic powder, gypsum powder and glass powder;
wherein, ceramic powder obtained by grinding waste ceramics is granulated to prepare ceramsite; the ceramsite is prepared by the following method: cleaning the waste ceramic, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 2.5wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 90 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours to obtain ceramsite;
mixing concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramsite, gypsum powder and glass powder according to the mass ratio to obtain building waste aggregate;
(2) shaping of blank
Mixing the building waste aggregate in the step (1), kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water according to the weight part ratio, and then pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 20 MPa;
(3) drying and sintering
And (3) drying the blank prepared in the step (2) at 85 ℃ for 5h, then sintering at 1200 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to obtain the water permeable brick.
Example 2:
this example is the same as example 1 except for the difference in the starting materials.
The water permeable brick prepared by using the construction waste is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 10 parts of kaolin, 50 parts of fly ash, 1 part of water reducing agent and 30 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the building waste aggregate comprises: the concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 0.8: 0.5: 1: 0.4: 0.5.
the ceramsite of the embodiment comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 60% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 40% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 3:
this example is the same as example 1 except for the difference in the starting materials.
The water permeable brick prepared by using the construction waste is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 20 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of fly ash, 5 parts of water reducing agent and 15 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the building waste aggregate comprises: the concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 0.9: 0.6: 1.5: 0.6: 0.6.
the ceramsite of the embodiment comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 60% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 40% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 4:
in this example, the ratio of the first-level ceramsite to the second-level ceramsite in the ceramsite was changed based on example 1.
The ceramsite of the embodiment comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 55% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 45% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 5:
in this example, the ratio of the first-level ceramsite to the second-level ceramsite in the ceramsite was changed based on example 1.
The ceramsite of the embodiment comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 65% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 35% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 6:
this example varied the particle size of the ceramsite based on example 1.
The ceramsite of the embodiment comprises the first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 8mm and the second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 4mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 60% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 40% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 7:
this example varied the particle size of the ceramsite based on example 1.
The ceramsite of the embodiment comprises a first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 7mm and a second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 3.5mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 60% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 40% of the total mass of the ceramsite.
Example 8:
this example changes the specific gravity of the ceramsite in the building waste aggregate based on example 1.
The concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 1: 0.8: 1.2: 0.5: 0.5.
example 9:
this example changes the specific gravity of the ceramsite in the building waste aggregate based on example 1.
The concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 1: 0.8: 1.2: 0.5: 0.6.
example 10:
this example is the same as example 1, except for the different preparation method.
The preparation method of the water permeable brick prepared by using the building waste comprises the following steps:
(1) building waste aggregate pretreatment
Respectively cleaning waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste gypsum and waste glass to remove impurities, and then respectively crushing and grinding to respectively obtain concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramic powder, gypsum powder and glass powder;
wherein, ceramic powder obtained by grinding waste ceramics is granulated to prepare ceramsite; the ceramsite is prepared by the following method: cleaning the waste ceramic, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 2wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 100 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2h to obtain ceramsite;
mixing concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramsite, gypsum powder and glass powder according to the mass ratio to obtain building waste aggregate;
(2) shaping of blank
Mixing the building waste aggregate in the step (1), kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water according to the weight part ratio, and then pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 25 MPa;
(3) drying and sintering
And (3) drying the blank prepared in the step (2) at 110 ℃ for 4h, then sintering at 1000 ℃ for 2.5h, and cooling to obtain the water permeable brick.
Example 11:
this example is the same as example 1, except for the different preparation method.
The preparation method of the water permeable brick prepared by using the building waste comprises the following steps:
(1) building waste aggregate pretreatment
Respectively cleaning waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste gypsum and waste glass to remove impurities, and then respectively crushing and grinding to respectively obtain concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramic powder, gypsum powder and glass powder;
wherein, ceramic powder obtained by grinding waste ceramics is granulated to prepare ceramsite; the ceramsite is prepared by the following method: cleaning the waste ceramic, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 3wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 80 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 3h to obtain ceramsite;
mixing concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramsite, gypsum powder and glass powder according to the mass ratio to obtain building waste aggregate;
(2) shaping of blank
Mixing the building waste aggregate in the step (1), kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water according to the weight part ratio, and then pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 15 MPa;
(3) drying and sintering
And (3) drying the blank prepared in the step (2) at 80 ℃ for 4.5h, then sintering at 800 ℃ for 3h, and cooling to obtain the water permeable brick.
Example 12:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that wood slag is added to the building waste aggregate, and the specific formulation thereof is as follows:
the water permeable brick prepared by using the construction waste is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 15 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 20 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the building waste aggregate comprises: the concrete-brick composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum, waste glass and waste wood residues, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 1: 0.8: 1.2: 0.5: 0.4: 0.1.
the length of the wood slag in the embodiment is 2 mm.
Example 13:
this example is substantially the same as example 1, except that wood slag is added to the building waste aggregate, and the specific formulation thereof is as follows:
the water permeable brick prepared by using the construction waste is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 15 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 20 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the building waste aggregate comprises: the concrete-brick composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum, waste glass and waste wood residues, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: 1: 0.8: 1.2: 0.5: 0.4: 0.3.
the length of the wood slag in the embodiment is 2 mm.
Example 14:
in this example, the length of the wood residue was changed based on example 12, and the length of the wood residue was 3.5 mm.
Example 15:
in this example, the length of the wood residue was changed based on example 12, and the length of the wood residue was 5 mm.
Test example:
the above examples 1 to 15 and the existing water permeable bricks were subjected to water permeability, strength and sound absorption property tests, respectively. The water permeability and strength testing method is carried out according to the national standard (GBT 25993-2010), the sound absorption performance adopts a standing wave tube method to test the sound absorption coefficient of the material, and the noise reduction coefficient under the condition of a reverberation room is converted.
TABLE 1 permeable brick Performance parameter standards
TABLE 2 test results
As can be seen from Table 1, the water permeable bricks prepared in examples 1-15 of the present invention have various properties that are significantly improved in water permeability, strength, wear resistance, freezing resistance and sound absorption effect due to the properties of the existing water permeable bricks on the premise of satisfying the standards.
Meanwhile, comparing example 1 with example 2 and example 3, it can be seen that under the condition that other conditions are not changed, the raw material proportion of the water permeable brick is changed, the difference is not particularly obvious, and the ideal performance can be obtained within the raw material component proportion range defined by the invention.
Comparing example 1 with example 4 and example 5, when the specific gravity of the 3mm secondary ceramsite in the ceramsite is changed, the mechanical properties are better than those of example 1 and example 5 along with the increase of the specific gravity, and the sound absorption effect is better, which shows that the increase of the ceramsite with small particle size leads to more pores in the brick body, thus increasing the loss of sound in the transmission process, and the filling of the gaps among partial particles with small particle size leads to slightly compact structure of the brick body, thus improving the strength, but the pores are relatively smaller, thus the water permeability is reduced, but still better than that of the existing water permeable brick.
Comparing example 1 with example 6 and example 7, when the particle size of the first-level ceramsite and the second-level ceramsite in the ceramsite is changed, the difference of various properties is not obvious, which indicates that the change of the particle size of the ceramsite limited in a certain range has little influence on the properties, and all the properties can be obtained within the range of the raw material component ratio limited by the invention.
Comparing example 1 with example 10 and example 11, the water permeability and sound absorption performance of example 10 and example 11 are not much different from example 1 by changing the preparation process parameters under the condition of inconvenient raw material formula, but the mechanical properties are slightly reduced, which shows that the mechanical properties are more influenced by the drying and forming conditions and the sintering process.
Comparing example 1 with example 12 and example 13, after adding the waste wood residue in the building waste aggregate, the waste wood residue is used as a pore-forming agent, so that the porosity is increased, and the water permeability and the sound absorption effect are better. In examples 14 and 15, the length of the wood waste was increased in addition to example 12, and the water permeability was increased, because the pores were enlarged and the sound absorption effect was reduced, further indicating that the small pores are more favorable for sound absorption.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. The water permeable brick prepared from the building wastes is characterized by mainly being prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of building waste aggregate, 10-20 parts of kaolin, 30-50 parts of fly ash, 1-5 parts of water reducing agent and 15-30 parts of water in parts by weight; wherein the construction waste aggregate mainly comprises: the concrete-reinforced composite material comprises waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, ceramsite, waste gypsum and waste glass, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete to the waste tiles to the waste stone is 1: (0.8-1): (0.5-0.8): (1-1.5): (0.4-0.6): (0.4-0.6), wherein the ceramsite is prepared from waste ceramics;
the ceramsite is prepared by the following method:
cleaning the waste ceramic, removing impurities, crushing and grinding to obtain ceramic powder, and then granulating by using a foaming agent solution with the concentration of 2-3 wt% to obtain crude product particles; heating the crude product particles to 80-100 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-20 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2-3h to obtain ceramsite; wherein the foaming agent is ammonium bicarbonate;
the ceramsite comprises first-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 6-8 mm and second-grade ceramsite with the particle size of 2-4 mm, wherein the first-grade ceramsite accounts for 55-65% of the total mass of the ceramsite, and the second-grade ceramsite accounts for 35-45% of the total mass of the ceramsite;
the building waste aggregate also comprises wood slag made of waste wood, and the mass ratio of the wood slag to the waste concrete is (0.1-0.5): 1; the length of the wood slag is 3.5 mm-5 mm.
2. The water permeable brick prepared from the building waste according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the waste concrete, the waste tiles, the waste stone, the ceramsite, the waste gypsum and the waste glass is 1: (0.85-0.95): (0.5-0.6): (1-1.2): (0.4-0.5): (0.4-0.5).
3. The method for preparing a water permeable brick using construction waste according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
(1) building waste aggregate pretreatment
Respectively cleaning waste concrete, waste tiles, waste stone, waste ceramic, waste gypsum and waste glass to remove impurities, and then respectively crushing and grinding to respectively obtain concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramic powder, gypsum powder and glass powder; wherein, ceramic powder obtained by grinding waste ceramics is granulated to prepare ceramsite;
mixing concrete powder, tile powder, stone powder, ceramsite, gypsum powder, wood slag and glass powder according to the mass ratio to obtain building waste aggregate;
(2) shaping of blank
Mixing the building waste aggregate, kaolin, fly ash, a water reducing agent and water in the step (1) according to the weight part ratio, and then pressing the mixture into a blank under the pressure of 15MPa-25 MPa;
(3) drying and sintering
Drying the blank prepared in the step (2) at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 4-5 h, then sintering at the temperature of 800-1200 ℃ for 2-3h, and cooling to obtain the water permeable brick.
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| CN110590280A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-20 | 内蒙古锐璟永致再生资源有限责任公司 | Reverse osmosis pervious concrete using waste slag stones and preparation and use methods thereof |
| CN111285665A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-16 | 宜兴友邦陶瓷有限公司 | Method for manufacturing water permeable brick by combining waste glass with waste ceramic |
| CN112830800A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-25 | 北京惠地智能技术研究院有限公司 | Method for manufacturing refractory brick by using waste bricks and tiles |
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| CN113429168A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-24 | 鄂尔多斯市紫荆创新研究院 | Water permeable brick containing coarse gasification slag and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20240124 Address after: 325000 Wan Quan Zhen Yu Xi Cun, Pingyang County, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Zhejiang Bitu New Materials Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 705, Dong Tung Road, Neijiang, Sichuan Patentee before: NEIJIANG NORMAL University Country or region before: China |