CN106380218B - Square brick preparation process - Google Patents
Square brick preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106380218B CN106380218B CN201610695356.0A CN201610695356A CN106380218B CN 106380218 B CN106380218 B CN 106380218B CN 201610695356 A CN201610695356 A CN 201610695356A CN 106380218 B CN106380218 B CN 106380218B
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- hole
- square
- parts
- brick
- kiln
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1355—Incineration residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of bricks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of square bricks, which comprises the steps of proportioning, adding water, uniformly mixing, drying, granulating, compression molding, punching, firing, cooling and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of square bricks, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a square brick.
Background
For a long time, ground, especially square ground are laid to the non-permeability material that adopts in the urban construction mostly, lead to square road surface and air heat, moisture exchange difficult, and when rainy day, square hardened pavement can prevent that the rainwater directly permeates the underground, cause ponding everywhere, influence the travelling comfort and the security of square, have aggravated square drainage system's drainage burden.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a square brick preparation process, which can produce a water permeable brick suitable for square pavements, wherein the square water permeable brick produced by the process has strong water permeable capacity, high strength, long wear resistance and long service life, has simple and elegant color, and is very suitable for occasions such as open squares, pedestrian streets and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a square brick comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting 30-50 parts of domestic garbage incineration ash, 15-25 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of blast furnace slag, 6-12 parts of cement and 5-12 parts of flux for mixing, wherein the domestic garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag are screened by a sieve with more than 10 meshes;
the second step is that: adding 10-20% of water by mass into the mixture obtained in the first step, stirring uniformly in a stirring device, and standing for 2-3 days;
the third step: preparing the aqueous mixture obtained in the second step into particles of 0.5mm-1mm by a ball making machine;
the fourth step: selecting a plurality of granules obtained in the third step, putting the granules into a press for compression molding, and adding 1-3% of a binder by mass percent in the compression molding process;
the fifth step: punching a plurality of through holes on the brick obtained in the fourth step by using hole punching equipment, wherein the aperture of each through hole is 0.5-2 mm;
and a sixth step: and putting the bricks in the fifth step into a kiln for calcining for 5-8h, wherein the calcining temperature in the kiln is controlled to be 1100-1300 ℃.
The seventh step: and after the bricks are taken out of the kiln and naturally cooled in the sixth step, performing quality inspection, sorting, packaging and warehousing.
Preferably, the fluxing agent in the first step is one or more of limestone, black talc or low temperature sand.
Preferably, the binder added in the fourth step is one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin and acrylic resin.
Preferably, the hole pattern of the through hole in the fifth step is one or more of a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a diamond hole, a square hole and a rectangular hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation process utilizes the household garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag to prepare the square brick, changes waste into valuable, the square brick produced by the invention not only has a plurality of fine water seepage holes inside, but also is provided with a plurality of through holes so that rainwater can directly enter surface soil, and finally, the brick prepared by the process has higher strength, long wear resistance and long service life, and the color and the texture of the brick are simple and elegant, thereby being very suitable for open squares and pedestrian streets.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows: selecting 36 parts of domestic garbage incineration ash, 20 parts of fly ash, 20 parts of blast furnace slag, 12 parts of cement and 12 parts of flux to mix, wherein the domestic garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag are screened by a sieve with more than 10 meshes; adding 10% of water by mass into the obtained mixture, uniformly stirring in stirring equipment, and standing for 2-3 days; then, the aqueous mixture is made into particles with the diameter of 1mm by a ball making machine; selecting a plurality of particles, putting the particles into a press for compression molding, and adding 1% of binder by mass in the compression molding process; then, punching a plurality of circular through holes on the brick by using hole punching equipment, wherein the aperture of each through hole is between 0.5mm and 2 mm; and then, putting the brick blank into a kiln for calcination for 5 hours, controlling the calcination temperature in the kiln to be 1100-1300 ℃, and finally, taking the brick out of the kiln, naturally cooling, and then performing quality inspection, sorting, packaging and warehousing.
Example two: selecting 40 parts of domestic garbage incineration ash, 25 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of blast furnace slag, 10 parts of cement and 10 parts of flux for mixing, wherein the domestic garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag are screened by a sieve with more than 10 meshes; adding water with the mass ratio of 20% into the mixture, then uniformly stirring in stirring equipment, and then standing for 2-3 days; preparing the water-containing mixture after standing into 0.5mm particles by a ball making machine; selecting a plurality of particles, putting the particles into a press for compression molding, and adding 3% of binder by mass in the compression molding process; then, punching a plurality of oval through holes on the brick by using hole punching equipment, wherein the aperture of each through hole is between 0.5mm and 2 mm; and then, putting the bricks in the fifth step into a kiln for calcining for 8 hours, controlling the calcining temperature in the kiln to be 1100-1300 ℃, and finally, after the bricks in the sixth step are taken out of the kiln and naturally cooled, carrying out quality inspection, sorting, packaging and warehousing.
Example three: selecting 50 parts of domestic garbage incineration ash, 15 parts of fly ash, 18 parts of blast furnace slag, 7 parts of cement and 10 parts of flux for mixing, wherein the domestic garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag are screened by a sieve with more than 10 meshes; adding water with the mass ratio of 15% into the mixture, then uniformly stirring in stirring equipment, and then standing for 2-3 days; preparing the aqueous mixture obtained in the second step into 1mm particles by a pelletizer; selecting a plurality of particles, putting the particles into a press for compression molding, and adding 2% of a binder by mass in the compression molding process; punching a plurality of diamond-shaped through holes on the brick by using a punching device, wherein the hole diameter of each through hole is 0.5-2 mm; then, putting the brick blank into a kiln for calcining for 6 hours, wherein the calcining temperature in the kiln is controlled between 1100 ℃ and 1300 ℃; and finally, after the bricks are taken out of the kiln and naturally cooled, performing quality inspection, sorting, packaging and warehousing.
In the above embodiment, the flux is preferably one or more of limestone, black talc, or low temperature sand.
In the above embodiment, the binder is preferably one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin, and acrylic resin.
The square brick produced by the invention has the following construction process flow: the concrete process comprises the following steps of measurement and paying-off → concrete cushion layer treatment → primary leveling of paving mortar → square brick paving → square brick splicing and filling → square brick surface cleaning:
1. measuring line
(1) Parking lot plane control: the plane control is divided into three stages, in the first stage, a mapping institute lays a primary plane main control network, positions of main axis lines are determined, and point positions are laid on the periphery; in the second stage, building plane rectangular square grids are arranged around a construction site (the precision requirement is that the error in angle measurement is +/-1/10000); on the basis of the second-level control network, the three-level square grid is divided into three-level square grids according to the I0 m to form square grid-shaped control so as to meet the measuring and setting requirements of field control. During paving construction, pile positions are encrypted according to the outline of the rectangular net, control piles are thrown and measured to a construction area, a survey pin is nailed, and closing and checking are carried out after each closed graph is measured.
(2) Parking area elevation control: and (3) the construction unit encrypts and lays elevation control points in the construction area by a closed leveling method according to the elevation of leveling points provided by the surveying and mapping institute and according to the technical requirements of national level measurement such as the third level. The elevation measurement method comprises the steps of firstly calculating the elevation of the intersection point of the maximum gradient line and the grid side line of the small square grids of the parking lot contour line, taking the elevation as measurement data, making the elevation into a table form, adopting a method of combining a laser leveler and a level gauge to carry out elevation layer-by-layer control, measuring the elevation point on a 10-bar measuring rod according to the calculation data during on-site measurement, and taking a nylon line with good stretchability as the basis of construction elevation control.
2. Concrete bedding treatment
The construction adopts a C10 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100 and a broken stone cushion layer with the thickness of 100. Spreading smoothly to reach certain compactness, and cleaning the mortar and oil stain adhered to the surface of the concrete substrate by using a steel wire brush and a detergent.
3. Primary leveling of paving mortar and primary leveling of paving square bricks
The square bricks are paved according to the numbers and the patterns in the plane grid control chart of the parking lot, and paving is started at the intersection points of the cross control lines. Firstly, a concrete base layer is sprayed with water to be wet by a spraying pot, and a layer of plain cement paste with the water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5 is brushed, so that the area which is not suitable for brushing is too large, and the plain cement paste is brushed along with mortar paving. Determining the thickness of the mortar of the bonding layer according to the horizontal line of the square bricks, wherein the thickness of the mortar is generally about 0 mm-20 mm higher than the elevation l of the bottom of the square bricks, the mortar of the bonding layer is generally 1: 2-1: 3 of dry and hard cement mortar, the dry and hard degree is properly kneaded into a ball by hand and is dispersed when falling to the ground, the square bricks are initially positioned after being troweled by wood, and then the square bricks are tamped to the designed elevation. And if the thickness of the mortar is too large through trial tamping, lifting the square bricks to adjust the thickness of the mortar.
4. Square brick pavement
On the dry and hard mortar of just making level, water the plain grout that the one deck water cement ratio is 0.5 (water evenly with the thick liquid kettle) fully, then lay the square brick, the four corners whereabouts simultaneously when laying, adjust its position after the square brick is laid, with the sledge hammer (require to put the rubber pad at square brick surface pad), the wooden rammer is mutually supported, the hammering square brick, make it reach design elevation and roughness, the required quality of adjacent board difference in height, will pay attention to the position of adjusting the square brick at any time at the hammering in-process, keep the straight ahead of longitude and latitude direction. After the longitudinal and transverse cross-shaped reinforcement is paved, the reinforcement can be paved in a sectional and sectional manner in sequence.
5. Square brick joint filling
And performing crack pouring 1-2 days and nights after paving the square bricks. The square brick joints are filled by 1:10 cement dry sand pouring and joint sweeping. And after the seam is filled, the paving-finished square bricks are sprinkled in the whole area, so that the secondary seam filling is carried out after the dry cement sand in the joints of the square bricks is fully sunk and compacted.
6. Square brick surface cleaning
And (5) after the secondary crack pouring is finished, watering and cleaning the surface of the square brick.
7. Square brick maintenance
After paving the square tiles, cleaning the surfaces of the tiles and spraying water for maintenance after final setting (about 24 hours) of pointing mortar, wherein the maintenance time is not less than 7 days, people cannot walk during the maintenance, and other operations are not suitable to be inserted on the surface layer to prevent the quality from being influenced.
Note that: seasonal construction pavement cannot be constructed in rainy days. The construction temperature in winter should not be lower than 5 deg.C
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation process of square bricks is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation process comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting 30-50 parts of domestic garbage incineration ash, 15-25 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of blast furnace slag, 6-12 parts of cement and 5-12 parts of flux for mixing, wherein the domestic garbage incineration ash, the fly ash and the blast furnace slag are screened by a sieve with more than 10 meshes;
the second step is that: adding 10-20% of water by mass into the mixture obtained in the first step, stirring uniformly in a stirring device, and standing for 2-3 days;
the third step: preparing the aqueous mixture obtained in the second step into particles of 0.5mm-1mm by a ball making machine;
the fourth step: selecting a plurality of granules obtained in the third step, putting the granules into a press for compression molding, and adding 1-3% of a binder by mass percent in the compression molding process;
the fifth step: punching a plurality of through holes on the brick obtained in the fourth step by using hole punching equipment, wherein the aperture of each through hole is 0.5-2 mm;
and a sixth step: putting the brick blank in the fifth step into a kiln for calcining for 5-8h, wherein the calcining temperature in the kiln is controlled between 1100-1300 ℃;
the seventh step: after the bricks are taken out of the kiln and naturally cooled in the sixth step, performing quality inspection, sorting, packaging and warehousing;
wherein, in the first step, the fusing agent is one or more of limestone, low-temperature sand stone or black talc;
the adhesive added in the fourth step is one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin or polyurethane.
2. The process for preparing a square brick according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the hole pattern of the through hole is one or more of a circular hole, an elliptical hole, a diamond hole, a square hole and a rectangular hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610695356.0A CN106380218B (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | Square brick preparation process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610695356.0A CN106380218B (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | Square brick preparation process |
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| CN106380218A CN106380218A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
| CN106380218B true CN106380218B (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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| CN201610695356.0A Active CN106380218B (en) | 2016-08-22 | 2016-08-22 | Square brick preparation process |
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| CN105347749A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-02-24 | 苏州恒美新型建材有限公司 | Water-permeable pavement brick with waste incinerator residues as aggregates |
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| CN106380218A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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