CN110714135A - Preparation method of porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material - Google Patents
Preparation method of porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110714135A CN110714135A CN201911038078.1A CN201911038078A CN110714135A CN 110714135 A CN110714135 A CN 110714135A CN 201911038078 A CN201911038078 A CN 201911038078A CN 110714135 A CN110714135 A CN 110714135A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/081—Casting porous metals into porous preform skeleton without foaming
- C22C1/082—Casting porous metals into porous preform skeleton without foaming with removal of the preform
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material, which comprises the following steps: selecting gap forming filler, filling and treating a lining base, sintering at high temperature, pouring and forming, stewing to remove ceramic, and washing at high pressure. The high-temperature alloy porous material produced and manufactured by the invention has the characteristics of high strength and good high-temperature performance, meanwhile, the density of the material is reduced due to the special porous structure, the weight of a part can be greatly reduced, and the part can meet the requirements of part of mechanical structures on high strength, high temperature resistance, shock absorption and impact resistance. The porous alloy matrix is obtained by utilizing the continuous pore channel structure of the mesh foam sponge and matching with ceramic slurry with better wettability to form a sintering lining, and ceramic residues are easy to remove after the alloy is cast and molded. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and meets the requirements of impact resistance and low density of the alloy material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material, belonging to the technical field of preparation of alloy materials with a large number of directional or random holes dispersed inside.
Background
With the development of industry, higher and higher requirements are made on materials, especially in the mechanical fields of aviation, aerospace, military machinery, high-speed rail vehicles, automobiles and the like, a plurality of specific requirements are made on various special properties of the materials, a high-strength metal material is taken as an important research direction, a plurality of novel alloy materials and process methods are made, a porous metal material is taken as a hot branch of the metal material, certain progress is made in recent research, and the porous metal material has sound absorption, shock absorption, good impact resistance and buffering effect, and has important significance for meeting part of the specific requirements. More and more processes are being developed and applied.
The high-temperature alloy is a metal material which takes iron, nickel and cobalt as the base and can work for a long time at a high temperature of more than 600 ℃ under the action of certain stress, has excellent high-temperature strength, good oxidation resistance and thermal corrosion resistance, good comprehensive performances such as fatigue property, fracture toughness and the like, is also called as super alloy, and is widely applied to important materials of aviation, aerospace, petroleum, chemical engineering and ships.
Currently, high-temperature alloy materials are mainly used for producing and manufacturing cast parts, and the parts have high mechanical properties and high-temperature strength, but the parts are overweight due to high alloy density. The requirement of some special fields on weight reduction cannot be met, and meanwhile, the requirement of some special structures on impact resistance and buffering effect cannot be met due to the fact that the common high-temperature alloy casting is of a solid structure.
In order to produce holes in the interior of the alloy material, methods such as a hybrid sintering method, a metal melt foaming method, a particle casting method, a ladle casting method and the like are adopted, and the methods are difficult to be applied to casting and molding of the high-temperature alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material aiming at the problem that the density exceeds the standard due to the difficulty in forming the internal holes of the current high-temperature alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1 selection of a void-forming filler,
organic mesh foam sponge is adopted as an inner lining base, and SiO and Al are prepared2O3A ceramic slurry as a base material;
the substrate filling process is carried out in S2,
soaking the lining base in the ceramic slurry, and then extruding and airing;
s3, sintering the mixture at a high temperature,
placing the dried lining base into a roasting furnace for sintering and forming to form a continuous net-shaped base body;
s4, casting and forming the concrete,
the method comprises the following steps of (1) enclosing a reticular matrix by adopting a refractory material, reserving a casting part, and casting and molding the smelted high-temperature alloy along the casting part to form a casting matrix;
s5 steaming out the ceramic,
putting the casting matrix into 50% KOH boiling solution for cooking;
s6, flushing the mixture at high pressure,
and (4) washing the cooked casting matrix at high pressure to obtain the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material.
Preferably, in the step S2, the soaked lining base is placed into a roller pressing device for removing the ceramic slurry by pressing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-temperature alloy porous material produced and manufactured by the method has the characteristics of high strength and good high-temperature performance, meanwhile, the density of the material is reduced due to the special porous structure, the weight of a part can be greatly reduced, and the part can meet the requirements of part of mechanical structures on high strength, high temperature resistance, shock absorption and impact resistance.
2. The porous alloy matrix is obtained by utilizing the continuous pore channel structure of the mesh foam sponge and matching with ceramic slurry with better wettability to form a sintering lining, and ceramic residues are easy to remove after the alloy is cast and molded.
3. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and meets the requirements of impact resistance and low density of the alloy material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a porous impact-resistant superalloy material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the sintered mesh substrate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that it can be more easily understood and appreciated.
The preparation method of the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1 selection of a void-forming filler,
organic mesh foam sponge is adopted as an inner lining base, and SiO and Al are prepared2O3A ceramic slurry as a substrate.
The substrate filling process is carried out in S2,
soaking the lining base in the ceramic slurry, and then extruding and airing;
s3, sintering the mixture at a high temperature,
placing the dried lining base into a roasting furnace for sintering and forming to form a continuous net-shaped base body;
s4, casting and forming the concrete,
the method comprises the following steps of (1) enclosing a reticular matrix by adopting a refractory material, reserving a casting part, and casting and molding the smelted high-temperature alloy along the casting part to form a casting matrix;
s5 steaming out the ceramic,
putting the casting matrix into 50% KOH boiling solution for cooking;
s6, flushing the mixture at high pressure,
and (4) washing the cooked casting matrix at high pressure to obtain the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material.
Preferably, in the step S2, the soaked lining base is placed into a roller pressing device for removing the ceramic slurry by pressing. S1 selection of a void-forming filler,
organic mesh foam sponge is adopted as an inner lining base, and SiO and Al are prepared2O3A ceramic slurry as a substrate.
The substrate filling process is carried out in S2,
soaking the lining base in the ceramic slurry, and then extruding and airing;
s3, sintering the mixture at a high temperature,
placing the dried lining base into a roasting furnace for sintering and forming to form a continuous net-shaped base body;
s4, casting and forming the concrete,
the method comprises the following steps of (1) enclosing a reticular matrix by adopting a refractory material, reserving a casting part, and casting and molding the smelted high-temperature alloy along the casting part to form a casting matrix;
s5 steaming out the ceramic,
putting the casting matrix into 50% KOH boiling solution for cooking;
s6, flushing the mixture at high pressure,
and (4) washing the cooked casting matrix at high pressure to obtain the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material.
More specifically, in step S2, the soaked lining base is placed into a roller pressing device to perform pressing removal of the ceramic slurry.
In the specific embodiment, polyurethane organic mesh foam sponge is used as the lining base, 5% -10% NaOH solution is used for processing, and hydroxymethyl cellulose and silicone oil are used for soaking to increase the surface roughness of the lining base.
Using SiO and Al2O3The ceramic slurry is prepared by mixing the aggregate with kaolin, bentonite, talcum powder and silica powder, and the leveling agent and the adhesive are added into the ceramic slurry.
And (3) soaking the lining base in the ceramic slurry, extruding and airing, specifically, soaking for more than 1h, and then putting the soaked lining base into roller extrusion equipment to extrude and remove the ceramic slurry. The excess slurry was squeezed out so that the inner continuous holes were not blocked.
Air-drying operation is carried out in a constant-temperature constant-humidity environment, the relative humidity is lower than 15%, and the air-drying temperature is 35-60 ℃.
And (3) putting the dried lining base into a roasting furnace for sintering and forming, as shown in figure 2, to form a continuous net-shaped matrix. At this time, the inner organic sponge fiber is burned and removed.
And (3) surrounding the reticular matrix by adopting a refractory material, reserving a casting part, and casting and molding the smelted high-temperature alloy along the casting part to form the casting matrix. The high-temperature alloy is a high-temperature alloy material based on iron, nickel and cobalt.
The surface between the refractory material and the reticular matrix is attached and wrapped, and the casting surface is not higher than the top surface of the reticular matrix, so that the gap on the peripheral surface of the molded casting matrix is exposed.
The casting matrix is put into 50% KOH boiling solution for cooking, and the ceramic material in the casting matrix can be separated out from the pore channel, so that the ceramic material can be effectively removed.
And (3) washing the cooked casting matrix at high pressure, and washing and removing the residual ceramic material to obtain the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material shown in figure 1.
Through the above description, it can be found that the porous impact-resistant superalloy material prepared by the method has the characteristics of high strength and good high-temperature performance, and meanwhile, the weight of the part can be greatly reduced due to the fact that the density of the material is reduced by the special porous structure, and the part can meet the requirements of part of mechanical structures on high strength, high temperature resistance, shock absorption and impact resistance. The porous alloy matrix is obtained by utilizing the continuous pore channel structure of the mesh foam sponge and matching with ceramic slurry with better wettability to form a sintering lining, and ceramic residues are easy to remove after the alloy is cast and molded. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and meets the requirements of impact resistance and low density of the alloy material.
The technical solutions of the present invention are fully described above, it should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above description, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent or equivalent changes in structure, method, or function according to the spirit of the present invention by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1 selection of a void-forming filler,
organic mesh foam sponge is adopted as an inner lining base, and SiO and Al are prepared2O3A ceramic slurry as a base material;
the substrate filling process is carried out in S2,
soaking the lining base in the ceramic slurry, and then extruding and airing;
s3, sintering the mixture at a high temperature,
placing the dried lining base into a roasting furnace for sintering and forming to form a continuous net-shaped base body;
s4, casting and forming the concrete,
the method comprises the following steps of (1) enclosing a reticular matrix by adopting a refractory material, reserving a casting part, and casting and molding the smelted high-temperature alloy along the casting part to form a casting matrix;
s5 steaming out the ceramic,
putting the casting matrix into 50% KOH boiling solution for cooking;
s6, flushing the mixture at high pressure,
and (4) washing the cooked casting matrix at high pressure to obtain the porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material.
2. The preparation method of the porous impact-resistant superalloy material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step S2, the soaked lining base is put into a roller extrusion device to extrude and remove the ceramic slurry.
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| CN201911038078.1A CN110714135A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Preparation method of porous impact-resistant high-temperature alloy material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115747603A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-07 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | Porous high-temperature alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5149107A (en) * | 1974-10-25 | 1976-04-28 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| CN101289310A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2008-10-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks and production method thereof |
| CN106083186A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 河南理工大学 | Porous ceramics block, metal-base composites and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-10-29 CN CN201911038078.1A patent/CN110714135A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5149107A (en) * | 1974-10-25 | 1976-04-28 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| CN101289310A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2008-10-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Low-temperature ceramic permeable bricks and production method thereof |
| CN106083186A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 河南理工大学 | Porous ceramics block, metal-base composites and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115747603A (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-07 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | Porous high-temperature alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115747603B (en) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | Porous superalloy material and preparation method thereof |
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