CN101208239A - 压缩天然气运输船 - Google Patents

压缩天然气运输船 Download PDF

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CN101208239A
CN101208239A CNA200680023284XA CN200680023284A CN101208239A CN 101208239 A CN101208239 A CN 101208239A CN A200680023284X A CNA200680023284X A CN A200680023284XA CN 200680023284 A CN200680023284 A CN 200680023284A CN 101208239 A CN101208239 A CN 101208239A
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basin
ship
closed space
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deck
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CN101208239B (zh
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K·布雷维克
H·古斯塔夫森
P·詹基斯
R·黑格霍尔门
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CETECH IPR AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0192—Details of mounting arrangements with external bearing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
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Abstract

运输船包括多个组合贮罐，用于运输压缩天然气(CNG)或气液混合物，贮罐具有伸长圆柱形中间部分、下端和上端，贮罐设置为并排地、垂直地竖立在船内，其特征在于，船壳、舱壁和甲板形成一个闭合空间，包围了全部贮罐，除了每个贮罐或所选贮罐的上端，这些贮罐的上端密封地延伸于闭合空间之外，贮罐内用于装载和卸载的带有接头的全部引管都在闭合空间的外部，位于贮罐的上端处，且贮罐受到支撑，使得各贮罐可以在其对于压强和温度的工作范围内自由膨胀或收缩。

Description

压缩天然气运输船
技术领域
本发明涉及一种船，用于运输含或不含未被加工或部分加工的液态井流的压缩天然气。特别地，本发明涉及一种包括多个组合贮罐、用于运输压缩天然气或气液混合物的船，其中，贮罐具有圆柱形的中间部分、一个下端和一个上端，贮罐设置为并排地、垂直地竖立在船内。
背景技术
众所周知，压缩天然气可以用配备了贮罐的船来运输，贮罐的形状为圆柱形，贮罐的材料为特种钢。同样已知的是，用于运输压缩天然气的船，包括高压钢管形式的贮罐，这些贮罐要么沿着船的纵轴排列，要么并列盘绕在船上。然而，对于配备有钢贮罐的运输船来说，一个值得注意的问题是，负载物只构成船的总重量的一个相对较小的部分，这就意味着运输的高成本。人们已知，使用组合贮罐更为适宜，因为这样有可能显著地减小贮罐本身的重量。预备组合贮罐时，最好先将高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的扩散势垒区置于贮罐的最内部，扩散势垒区的外部是粘性的浸渍玻璃纤维或碳纤维卷，用于增大强度。纤维卷制作成螺旋形样式，纤维进行预拉伸。代表性地，这种贮罐的末端部分用一体化的合金钢凸缘来预备，末端部分的引管被焊接或栓接。
US6,339,996号专利公告中描述，较之钢贮罐，相当的组合压力贮罐可节省高达70％的重量。在上述专利公告中描述了具有这种组合贮罐的一种船。贮罐垂直地排列在船内，贮罐以三种高度垂直地竖立在船壳的内部。然而，如果贮罐的上层包含显著数量的液体，同时贮罐的下层主要包含气体，这就导致了稳定性问题。因此，上述船中设置了歧管、线缆、阀门和接头的复杂系统。依照上述公告的贮罐和综合管道系统设置在船内部的一个闭合空间内。对这一闭合空间内的受损贮罐或组件进行修理或替换是十分费力和昂贵的。
针对上述问题，需要一种更好的用于运输压缩天然气或气液混合物的船。
发明内容
本发明提供的一种船可以满足上述需求，这种船包括多个组合贮罐，用于运输压缩天然气(CNG)或气液混合物，贮罐具有伸长的圆柱形的中间部分、一个下端和一个上端，贮罐设置为并排地、垂直地竖立在船内，其特征在于，船壳、舱壁和甲板形成一个闭合空间，包围了全部贮罐，除了每个贮罐或所选贮罐的上端，这些贮罐的上端密封性地延伸于闭合空间之外，
贮罐内的用于装卸的带接头的全部引管(衬管、套节)在闭合空间的外部，位于贮罐的上端处，
贮罐被支撑(悬挂)，使得各贮罐可以在其对于压强和温度的工作范围内自由膨胀或收缩。
附图说明
本发明附有六幅图，分别是：
图1给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐，贮罐自由地悬挂在甲板的上方，贮罐可以向船的底部自由膨胀；
图2给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐，贮罐自由地悬挂在甲板的上方，在底部有弹性支撑；
图3给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐，贮罐固定地支撑在底部，在甲板上方有柔性封接；
图4给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐，贮罐在甲板水平面的上方弹性悬挂；
图5给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐，贮罐固定地支撑在底部，具有一个内部同轴套管；
图6给出了依本发明的船内的一种管道排列。
具体实施方式
依本发明，船内的贮罐是伸长的垂直竖立的贮罐，高度10-40m，代表性的是30m，直径2-6m，代表性的是3m。贮罐的细长的中间部分的形状为圆柱形，优选为圆形截面。内壁限制气体扩散穿过贮罐壁，优选地，内壁使用热塑性聚合材料，例如高密度聚乙烯制成。内壁的四周缠绕玻璃纤维或碳纤维，纤维使用粘性材料或硬化材料，例如环氧树脂，纤维以预拉伸方式缠绕，使得内壁区域处于压缩状态。贮罐的上端和下端的形状一般为半球形，采用一体化的低温稳定钢末端凸起，优选为奥氏不锈钢。之前已知这种贮罐，同样已知的是，这种贮罐会遭受相当大的应变，因为构造贮罐的材料的模具具有相对较低的弹性，这就限制了大型组合贮罐在船上的使用。依本发明，通过支撑、悬挂和排列贮罐和接头，即使是大型组合贮罐也可保持膨胀/收缩的可能性，而且在闭合空间外部的连接和断开的设置在显著程度上有助于安装、维护、替换、连接和断开贮罐。
依本发明的船所包含的贮罐从船的底部开始或在该底部，延伸到船的开放甲板水平面上方。贮罐的一端一般固定地支撑或悬挂，贮罐的另一端能够在其关于压强和温度的工作范围内在水平面上径向地自由膨胀。一般地，贮罐的自由端也被支撑，使得船移动时贮罐不会发生水平位移。贮罐的正常工作压强一般在150巴到300巴的范围内，代表性的是约250巴，但稍低的压强是可用的，更高的压强则要与纤维包层的强度相适应。贮罐的工作温度在正常情况下是从-60℃到+60℃，但稍低和稍高的温度也是可取的。
对船上具有实际管道布置的贮罐及其排列的进一步说明，请参考附图。
图1给出了贮罐1，其上端固定地悬挂在船的甲板14的上方，而且是自由地悬吊，从而，贮罐能向船的底部13自由膨胀。船的甲板水平面14对环境开放。对于每一个贮罐，在船的甲板上设置有一个延展套节16，套节的内径比贮罐的外径大。套节16在甲板水平面的上方延伸了一段距离A，其末端有一个向外延伸的凸缘15。图1的贮罐上端配备有一个边围3，该边围的向外延伸的凸缘4的直径比套节的内径大，上述凸缘15和4之间有密封材料8，因为贮罐可能被直接悬挂在套节上，这样，密封材料在上述两者中间。贮罐的下端自由悬挂在导向管17的内部，导向管的直径比贮罐的直径大，弹性的侧面支承11设置在贮罐1和导向管17之间。在导向管17的内部，设置了一个收集盘，用于阻止来自贮罐的末端凸起2的任何冷的滴落的液体触及船的钢结构。上述末端凸起上可以安装一个栓接口。贮罐1进一步包括一个末端凸起2，这个末端凸起同样位于上端，为液体管道设置凸缘6，为气体管道设置凸缘7。贮罐的内部管道9设置在针对液体管道的凸缘6上，贮罐的内部管道9向下进入一个用于阻止水平移动的引导装置10，引导装置10是带孔12的，以保证气体和液体的自由流动。在贮罐的内部还有一个气密性的内壁5，即所谓的衬里。贮罐内标记了一个可选的液面。
图2给出了一个同样的贮罐，除了设置在贮罐下端的边围，以及在船13的底部和贮罐下端的边围里的基座之间设置了弹性支承18。如果贮罐内有可能出现液体的话，图2所示的实施例比图1所示的实施例更为优选，因为贮罐的一部分重量会由弹性支承来承受。对于相同的或相应的元件，图2和后面的附图标记有与图1相同的附图标记。
图3给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐的另一个更为优选的实施例。贮罐被固定支撑在底部，优选地，贮罐被支撑在底部的一个具有互补形状的接纳部分，可选地，贮罐的下端设置一个边围17，边围直接搁置在船的底部13上。在贮罐的上端设置有一个柔性密封件8，用于密封，并在纵向上承受贮罐的应变。例如，柔性密封件8的形式可以是带有密封垫或密封环的波纹管或弹簧。从而，贮罐的上述壁区域不会承载贮罐内的任何液体。
图4给出的优选实施例类似于图3中的实施例，只是它在贮罐顶部有一个弹性悬架。
图5给出了依本发明的船内的一个贮罐的一个更为优选的实施例。这个贮罐1被固定地支撑在底部，而且在上端有弹性密封件。上端在船的甲板上方延伸了一段距离A。上述距离A可以与实际的船相适应。安装有一个悬挂的同轴套管9，同轴套管在贮罐上端穿过贮罐入口处的管接头或引管6。同轴设计为套管提供了充足的刚度，可以避免操作中不必要的移动和振动。优选地，同轴套管由轻质耐用材料制成，设计寿命与贮罐相同。在贮罐下端，套管向下进入一个引导装置10，使得当贮罐膨胀时套管能移动，引导装置10还具有收集容器或漏斗的功能以确保贮罐的有效卸载。如果内管9在贮罐内合适的位置，漏斗状引导装置10可以固定在一个栓接口上，栓接口安装在外部。优选地，同轴管9的内管用于装载和卸载/排净贮罐内的液体。优选地，同轴管9的外管是带孔的，孔的直径可以向上逐渐增大，这样会保证在卸载贮罐的时候较轻的和较重的成分(液体)相混合。这个外管可用于排净气体和/或内部冲洗贮罐的内表面，从而保证贮罐的内部不会随着时间的流逝而堆积不必要的污垢。类似于其它优选实施例，图5给出了一个组合贮罐1，带有末端凸起2和贮罐边围3。贮罐边围3的上端有一个凸缘4。贮罐罐壁包括一个防扩散的内部部分5。如上所述，图中给出了用于连接管道9的凸缘6，进一步地，凸缘7用于放下观察设备。套节16和贮罐凸缘4之间设置有一个扩展的密封装置8。本发明的最为优选的形式是支撑和装备了多个如图5所示的贮罐的船。
图6给出了依本发明的船上的管道排列，全部管道的引管都位于贮罐的顶部或上端。歧管之间设置有带有阀门的交叉连接，有助于惰性气体冲洗管道装置，带有所示管道和阀门以及进一步可选的元件的整套装置设置在船上甲板水平面处的一个开放区域内。
在贮罐内形成的或传送到贮罐内的任何液体，都聚集在贮罐的下端，这样，船的稳定性不会受到不利的影响。贮罐的下端也可以选择设置一个引管，用于排净液体。优选地，贮罐沿着船的中轴线排列，并对称地排列在船的中轴线的两边。优选地，各个压载罐设置在贮罐的外部，压载罐位于船的侧舱壁和贮罐之间。闭合体积内必须配备有气体探测器，且操作时最好充满惰性气体。

Claims (8)

1.一种船，包括多个组合贮罐，用于运输压缩天然气(CNG)或气液混合物，贮罐具有伸长的圆柱形的中间部分、下端和上端，贮罐并排地、垂直地竖立在船中，其特征在于，
船壳、舱壁和甲板形成了一个闭合空间，该闭合空间包围了全部贮罐，除了每个贮罐或所选贮罐的上端之外，这些贮罐的上端密封地延伸到所述闭合空间的外部，
贮罐内带有管接头的用于装卸的全部引管位于闭合空间的外部，在贮罐的上端处，
贮罐被支撑，使得每个贮罐都能在其对于压强和温度的工作范围内自由地膨胀或收缩。
2.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
每个贮罐的高度约为30m，直径约为3m，具有半球形的上端和下端。
3.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
每个贮罐在垂直方向上从船的底部延伸到甲板水平面或甲板水平面的上方。
4.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
贮罐在下端被固定地支撑。
5.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
用于装载和卸载贮罐的全部歧管、阀门和连接器都位于闭合空间的外部，在船上的甲板水平面处的开放区域内。
6.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
具有同轴的多功能的套管，且该套管的外管带孔，所述套管向下延伸到各个贮罐的底部，用于分别装载、卸载和冲洗贮罐的内表面。
7.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
贮罐是单一直立式的，每个贮罐都可以通过将该贮罐从船上垂直向上提起、穿过向上延伸到船的甲板水平面上方的套节而进行更换。
8.权利要求1所述的船，其特征在于，
贮罐的上端有弹性的、柔性的密封件，用于在闭合空间和甲板水平面之间进行密封。
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