CN101180944A - Method for artificially regulating and controlling photoperiod and hybridization of sugarcane in inland high latitude area - Google Patents
Method for artificially regulating and controlling photoperiod and hybridization of sugarcane in inland high latitude area Download PDFInfo
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- CN101180944A CN101180944A CNA2007100664695A CN200710066469A CN101180944A CN 101180944 A CN101180944 A CN 101180944A CN A2007100664695 A CNA2007100664695 A CN A2007100664695A CN 200710066469 A CN200710066469 A CN 200710066469A CN 101180944 A CN101180944 A CN 101180944A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial regulation of photoperiod and hybridization of sugarcane in high-latitude areas in the hinterland. In a photoperiod room, the method of fixing and decreasing the day length is adopted to conduct photoperiodic induction; artificial crossing is carried out after booting and flowering of the sugarcane so as to realize sexual hybridization of the sugarcane in the high-latitude areas in the hinterland. The method solves the problems of difficult flowering and asynchronous flowering period of the sugarcane in the high-latitude areas in the hinterland by artificially controlling the light, temperature, humidity and adopting comprehensive cultivation and management measures to induce flowering and early flowering of sugarcane, which results in not only the booting and flowering of shy flowering parents and conventional parents, but also the synchronization of flowering of the cultivar, original stock, and wild species of the sugarcane and treating with the cross combination preparation so as to realize sexual hybridization of the sugarcane in the high-latitude areas in the hinterland and meet the demand of conventional breeding, and creation and utilization of germplasm resources of the sugarcane in the hinterland.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of landlocked high latitude area sugarcane artificial light cycle regulating and cross method.
Technical background:
The sugarcane sexual hybridization is cane breeding and important channel and the means of excavating sugarcane wild germplasm resource excellent genes, and blooming then is the prerequisite and the condition of sexual hybridization.In the saccharum sunshine plant, the general area between 8 °～10 ° of north latitude, most sugar cane breeds can change reproductive growth by nourishing and growing over to by natural photoperiodic induction and finish booting and bloom.
For example, academy of agricultural sciences, Yunnan Province sugarcane research institute be positioned at Yunnan Province's Kaiyuan City (23 ° 35 of north latitude ', height above sea level 1045m), belong to subtropics land plateau monsoon climate, 19.8 ℃ of average annual temperature, year 2200 hours sunshine, remove special year under field conditions (factors) especially, difficult flower parent and parent commonly used are not bloomed, and the florescence of cultivated species and wild species differed 2～6 months, and this brings great difficulty for the sugarcane crossbreeding of high latitude area and the utilization of wild resource.
For many years, academy of agricultural sciences, Yunnan Province sugarcane research institute is at the characteristics of this area natural conditions, develop the technical scheme of suitable landlocked high latitude area sugarcane artificial light cycle regulating of a cover and hybridization, solved the bloom problem of difficulty, flowering asynchronism of sugarcane, realized the sexual hybridization of sugarcane at landlocked high latitude area.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of landlocked high latitude area sugarcane artificial light cycle regulating and cross method, indoor in the photoperiod, carry out photoperiodic induction with fixing day long and day long method of successively decreasing, after sugarcane booting is bloomed, carry out artificial hybridization, realize the sexual hybridization of sugarcane at landlocked high latitude area.This method is by Artificial Control illumination, temperature, humidity and comprehensive cultivation management measure, induce sugarcane to bloom and early flowering, overcome sugarcane in the bloom problem of difficulty, flowering asynchronism of landlocked high latitude area, can realize that not only difficult flower parent and parent's booting commonly used blooms, and can make cultivar, original seed and the flower synchronization of sugarcane wild species, and carry out hybrid combination and prepare, realize the sexual hybridization of sugarcane, to solve innovation of landlocked high latitude area sugarcane conventional breeding and sugarcane germ plasm resource and the demand of utilizing work at landlocked high latitude area.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Strain age when 1, regulating and control different sugarcanes and accept photoperiodic induction by the difference phase of planting.
2, the long and day long method of successively decreasing with fixing day in conjunction with Temperature and Humidity Control, blooms sugarcane booting.
3, the method for isolating by high pressure phimosis, the foster stem of flowing water, cover cage is carried out artificial hybridization.
This technology realizes sugarcane and wild resource and hybrid generation's flower synchronization thereof and hybridizes and backcross, to cultivate new lines and the kind that contains the wild species blood relationship, lays the foundation to widening sugarcane genetic background, breed improvement and formulating new independent parent's system.
Embodiment:
(1) parent's plantation and management
1. the parent plants the phase
Not of the same race or to bloom strain required with different cultivars in a kind of different in size age, according to these characteristics, take different parent materials in the different times plantation to regulate strain age, reach the purpose of flower synchronization.
(1) noble cane, big stem wild species and difficult flower parent's phase of planting are 2～March of last year, guarantee that its strain before accepting artificial photoperiodic induction reaches 13～14 months age.
(2) parent commonly used, easily spend the BC of cultivar, wild species
2, BC
3The phase of planting is 5～June of last year, guarantees that its strain before accepting artificial photoperiodic induction reaches 10～11 months age.
(3) the hybrid F that easily spends
1, BC
1The phase of planting is 11～December of last year, guarantees that its strain before accepting artificial photoperiodic induction reaches 4～5 months age.
2. kind method for planting
(1) with red soil, the hog manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the bagasse that becomes thoroughly decomposed with 2: 1: 1 ratio as mixotrophism soil, guarantee that soil was not only loose in small, broken bits but also sufficient base manure arranged.Then mixotrophism soil is packed in the Plastic Drum, every barrel amount is 2/3rds of a Plastic Drum volume.
(2) every barrel of same material is chosen sturdy, no damage by disease and insect, full 6 simple buds of healthy sugarcane kind of bud are planted in bucket, pours water then, till irrigating.Carry out whole bucket with mulch film after 2～3 days and cover,, reduce water evaporates, reach the purpose that promotes the rudiment of sugarcane kind to improve temperature in the bucket.
3. parent's management in seedling stage
(1) treats to remove mulch film after the sugarcane seedling all sprouts,, can suitably water according to humidity situation in the bucket; Executed furans pellet, furan first or Isofenphos methyl one time since every month seedling stage, execute 15～20g for every barrel at every turn, endanger to prevent soil insects such as snout moth's larva.
(2) executed N, a P, K composite fertilizer since every month seedling stage, execute 20～25g for every barrel at every turn, ended in previous month in artificial photoperiodic induction.
(3) since seedling stage, every other day water once, the number of times that waters be can suitably reduce in case of overcast and rainy, and pin leaf, dead leaf and unnecessary tiller stem and weeds often removed, every barrel keeps 4～6 stems and gets final product.
(2) artificial light cycle regulating
1. artificial light period treatment method
(1) treating that parent material reaches vegetative period and satisfy the photoperiod and handle required strain during age, promptly from April 1 next year, parent material is moved on the flat car, is light source with the incandescent lamp, to end 745 minutes fixing day long process to September 30.
(2) since October 1 be 720 minutes with 1 minute/2 days illumination Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice length of successively decreasing, induce processing to handle in fixing day long 720 minutes to a method of ending by the end of December again.
(3) light application time adopts the control of computer time-controlled switch, to improve the accuracy of light application time.
(4) during the photoperiod handled, it was indoor to treat again flat car to be pushed the photoperiod after the darkness every day at dusk, closes the darkroom rolling screen door, avoids external light source to enter the photoperiod chamber; Open photoperiod chamber rolling screen door in before incandescent lamp extinguishes 3～5 minutes every morning, is pushed out to outdoor from the photoperiod chamber flat car.
2. parent's management during the photoperiod processing
(1) handle in the photoperiod during, fine every day, 12 noon rose parent material processings of spraying, every day 3～5 times, each 20～30 minutes, be 30 minutes each blanking time, to reach the purpose of decreasing temperature and increasing humidity promotion booting; When overcast and rainy or temperature is lower than 20 ℃, stops spraying and handle.
(2) often remove pin leaf, dead leaf and unnecessary tillered nursery plant and weeds, keep ventilation and penetrating light between the sugarcane strain.
(3) adopt the automatic temperature control equipment processing of heating night, temperature is set to 23 ℃ of the upper limits, 20 ℃ of lower limits.
(4) morning in winter, temperature was lower, and indoor incandescent light source of photoperiod can extend to 9～10 points, flat car was released the outdoor natural lighting of accepting before incandescent lamp extinguishes again, and its objective is the adverse effect of avoiding low temperature that flower bud differentiation is caused.
(3) artificial hybridization technology
1. parent's high pressure phimosis is handled
When parent's booting, it is characterized in that boot leaf stretches out, long with 30cm, the wide plastic film of 20cm is got an amount of rare wet mixotrophism soil and is encased 1～2 internode in position, plant middle and upper part, wrap tight back and film is tightened at two ends up and down, reach the purpose that heating the promotion root of hair of preserving moisture with cord.After the phimosis parent is carried to the heading greenhouse.
2. heading greenhouse management
(1) temperature control
When indoor temperature reaches 28～30 ℃, open greenhouse side window and skylight daytime, reduce indoor temperature, avoid high temperature to cause adverse effect to blooming; Greenhouse side window and skylight are closed in afternoon 17～18 when temperature falls after rise, or according to the same day temperature conditions close window ahead of time; Adopt the automatic temperature control equipment processing of heating night, temperature is set to 23 ℃ of the upper limits, and 20 ℃ of lower limits are bloomed to the demand of nocturnal temperature and promoted pollen development to satisfy sugarcane.Overcast and rainy indoor temperature is lower than 20 ℃ can window, and opens the automatic temperature control equipment processing of heating, and temperature is provided with same night.
(2) humidity control
The parent every other day waters once after being carried to the greenhouse, guarantees ground moistening in the bucket; Open auto spraying equipment when reaching 28 ℃ of left and right sides when indoor temperature daytime, and spraying in per 30 minutes once, each spray time is 1 minute, keeps indoor humidity more than 60%, and auto spraying equipment is closed in afternoon 16～17, to reach the purpose of decreasing temperature and increasing humidity, promote parent's heading to bloom.The processing of can not spraying when overcast and rainy indoor temperature is lower than 20 ℃.
3. artificial hybridization
(1) flowing water is supported stem and the hybridization of cover cage
Little the flowers are in blossom when putting when the parent is eared, and cuts off the sugarcane stem from the lower end part of phimosis, removes the phimosis film, cut off blade after, put it in the hybridization ditch, greenhouse, the water maintenance flow regime the ditch in, the water yield is advisable with the position, upper end of flooding phimosis; Select father and mother originally to place in the same hybridization cage according to breeding objective and carry out isolation hybridization, accomplish cage of a hybrid combination, avoid going here and there powder.Male parent flower fringe bottom is higher than flower of female parent fringe top.
(2) artificial pollination
Flower pesticide open generally in the morning 8～9 reach the Sheng phase, shake the male parent cane and carry out artificial pollination this moment, carries out 1 spraying after the pollination and handle, spray time 30～60 seconds increases indoor humidity, can effectively improve ripening rate.Pollinate after 7～10 days, the taking-up female parent places in the Hua Sui maturing chamber ditch in the cage from hybridizing, and the water in the ditch keeps flow regime equally, and male parent abandons.
(3) hybridization greenhouse temperature and humidity management is with the heading greenhouse.
(4) the same heading of Hua Sui maturing chamber temperature treatment chamber, but the processing of not spraying.
(5) female parent moves to Hua Sui maturing chamber and carries out bagging after 2～4 days, treats to cut Hua Sui results seed after the natural seasoning of flower fringe.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Cultivation of sugar cane kind, particularly noble cane, the difficult seeds of flowering plants are being difficult for blooming under the high latitude area natural conditions, Utilize Artificial Control illumination, temperature, humidity and Comprehensive Cultural control measures by this technology, successfully induce sweet Sugarcane is bloomed and early flowering, and realization and wild resource and hybrid generation's flower synchronization thereof are also hybridized and backcrossed Purpose, to cultivate new lines and the kind that contains the wild species blood relationship, to widening Sugarcane genetic background, product Plant improvement and formulate new independent parent's system and lay the foundation. Successfully induce for many years Vietnam's ox sugarcane, rise sheer from level ground Draw, crin this it woods that, basis in all sparrow profits of card, 48MOUNA, illegal vehicle, Fiji, 96NG16, MUCKCHE, A large amount of noble cane booting such as NC32 are bloomed, and with contain flower cut that hand is close, spot thatch, Yunnan Ravenna grass hybridize, obtain Got a collection of hybrid generation who contains noble cane and wild species blood relationship.
Claims (3)
1. landlocked high latitude area sugarcane artificial light cycle regulating and cross method, it is characterized in that: indoor in the photoperiod, carry out photoperiodic induction with fixing day long and day long method of successively decreasing, after sugarcane booting is bloomed, carry out artificial hybridization, realize the sexual hybridization of sugarcane at landlocked high latitude area.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is from April 1 next year that photoperiodic induction is handled, to end 745 minutes fixing day long process to September 30, then since October 1 be 720 minutes with 1 minute/2 days illumination Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice length of successively decreasing, fix 720 minutes again and handle to the method for ending by the end of December and carry out photoperiodic induction.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out parent's high voltage package straw reason before artificial hybridization is handled, and carries out artificial hybridization then, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) temperature control:
When indoor temperature reaches 28～30 ℃, open greenhouse side window and skylight daytime, reduce indoor temperature; When falling after rise, temperature closes greenhouse side window and skylight; Adopt the automatic temperature control equipment processing of heating night, temperature is set to 23 ℃ of the upper limits, 20 ℃ of lower limits;
(2) humidity control:
The parent every other day waters once after being carried to the greenhouse, guarantees ground moistening in the bucket; Open auto spraying equipment when reaching 28 ℃ of left and right sides when indoor temperature daytime, and spraying in per 30 minutes once, each spray time is 1 minute, keep indoor humidity more than 60%, auto spraying equipment is closed, the processing of can not spraying when overcast and rainy indoor temperature is lower than 20 ℃ in afternoon 16～17;
(3) artificial hybridization:
Little the flowers are in blossom when putting when the parent is eared, and cuts off the sugarcane stem from the lower end part of phimosis, removes the phimosis film, cut off blade after, put it in the hybridization ditch, greenhouse, the water maintenance flow regime the ditch in, the water yield is advisable with the position, upper end of flooding phimosis; Select father and mother originally to place in the same hybridization cage according to breeding objective and carry out isolation hybridization, accomplish cage of a hybrid combination, avoid going here and there powder, male parent flower fringe bottom is higher than flower of female parent fringe top; Flower pesticide open generally in the morning 8～9 reach the Sheng phase, shake the male parent cane and carry out artificial pollination this moment, carrying out 1 spraying after the pollination handles, spray time 30～60 seconds, pollinate after 7～10 days, the taking-up female parent places in the Hua Sui maturing chamber ditch in the cage from hybridizing, and the water in the ditch keeps flow regime equally, and male parent abandons.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100664695A CN101180944A (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2007-12-17 | Method for artificially regulating and controlling photoperiod and hybridization of sugarcane in inland high latitude area |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100664695A CN101180944A (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2007-12-17 | Method for artificially regulating and controlling photoperiod and hybridization of sugarcane in inland high latitude area |
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| CN101180944A true CN101180944A (en) | 2008-05-21 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392586A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-11-20 | 云南农业大学 | Breeding method of drought resistant and cold tolerant Saccharum varieties/lines containing Erianthus fulvus Ness consanguinity |
| CN105188349A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-23 | 孟山都技术公司 | Method for increased seed yield |
| CN111386929A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane sexual hybridization greenhouse and hybridization method thereof |
| CN114287309A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Inducing method for booting and blooming of sugarcane hard-to-flower tropical seeds |
| US11856903B2 (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2024-01-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods for manipulating yield of plants and identifying yield genes |
-
2007
- 2007-12-17 CN CNA2007100664695A patent/CN101180944A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11856903B2 (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2024-01-02 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Methods for manipulating yield of plants and identifying yield genes |
| CN105188349A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-23 | 孟山都技术公司 | Method for increased seed yield |
| US11122753B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2021-09-21 | Monsanto Technology, Llc | Methods for modifying flowering time and seed yield in field crops |
| CN103392586A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-11-20 | 云南农业大学 | Breeding method of drought resistant and cold tolerant Saccharum varieties/lines containing Erianthus fulvus Ness consanguinity |
| CN111386929A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane sexual hybridization greenhouse and hybridization method thereof |
| CN114287309A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-08 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Inducing method for booting and blooming of sugarcane hard-to-flower tropical seeds |
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Open date: 20080521 |