CN101168165A - Improvement method for saline-alkaline spot soil in farmland - Google Patents
Improvement method for saline-alkaline spot soil in farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN101168165A CN101168165A CNA2007101800339A CN200710180033A CN101168165A CN 101168165 A CN101168165 A CN 101168165A CN A2007101800339 A CNA2007101800339 A CN A2007101800339A CN 200710180033 A CN200710180033 A CN 200710180033A CN 101168165 A CN101168165 A CN 101168165A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modification of alkaline land in the cropland, which is a procession that first doing the alkali cleaning and washing and secondly avoiding the salt with dexterity sowing in the alkaline land, namely first, a drought pump which consists of gravel stones, a cement pipe equipped with holes on the wall, a water inlet, a diversion ditch, a catch basin, a roof board and a lock gate are fixed in the center of the alkaline land, then the ditching and ridge making can be conducted in the ambient drought pump, watering and airing are proceeded repeatedly until plenty of surface salt in the alkaline land are discharged in the subsurface, alkali-fast vegetation can be planted on the inclination which is formed between the ditch and ridge, when the alkali-fast vegetation grow up and cover the ground, the saline-alkali can be pressed by sustaining watering, the alkaline land modification of the cropland can be realized, the invention can use large scale alkali land multi-purpose in large area, the vegetation-covered area of the alkali land can be enlarged, and the ecologic environment can be protected and improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the modification method on saline-alkaline spot soil ground in a kind of farmland
Background technology
At China North China Plain and northwest arid area, because the precipitation rareness, native face evaporation is very big, forms large stretch of salt-soda soil.Simultaneously by water erosion and eolian erosion, cause and increase the weight of contiguous meadow and farmland salinization of soil.With the method for the traditional row's of digging alkali ditch with the useless downstream ground (as the desert) of saline and alkaline row in the good ground, upstream.But to there not being the place of row's alkali condition, can only be with the saline and alkaline soil lower floor that is pressed in, method is: strengthen down water percolating capacity and reduce native face and evaporate.
In cultivable farmland, the saline-alkaline spot soil ground that not even a blade of grass grows is often arranged, up to ten thousand square metres big (general physical features is hollow), little several square metres, very poor because of alkaline spot ground water penetration, when broad irrigation, excess surface water is mostly along getting well underground oozing on every side, the saline and alkaline drip washing on saline-alkaline spot soil ground is very little, and new saline and alkalinely bring with water arranged again.Take incessantly seedling because of saline-alkaline spot soil ground, ground is exposed, and native face evaporation is very big, and the bottom, ground is saline and alkaline constantly to rise to face of land accumulation with capillary, and the area of saline-alkaline spot soil is enlarged gradually.
The saline and alkaline aqueous water that is dissolved in, aqueous water ceaselessly flow, and be saline and alkaline also ceaselessly mobile with flowing of water.But the metamorphosis of water can be blocked saline and alkaline operation, become vaporous water (evaporation) as aqueous water after, stayed on the evaporating surface saline and alkaline, concerning the evaporation of native face, saline and alkaline having stayed on the native face.Vaporous water (moisture in atmosphere and the soil) liquefy water, it is saline and alkaline to dissolve part again.Aqueous water becomes solid water two kinds of situations, and it is slower to lower the temperature, and can get rid of saline and alkaline; Cooling is very fast, saline and alkaline staying in the ice.Some ion is very active, and very fast with the water motion, some ion combines with soil colloid, is difficult to flow.
Existing a lot of bibliographical informations aspect improvement transformation salinity ground, ZL2005100166347 method of administering the renovation and utilization salt-soda soil of Xu Renfeng research; The ZL2006100172183 of Northeast Normal University recovers the method for saline-alkali land vegetation with bluish dogbane root segment reproduction technique; The ZL200610010594X of Northeast Forestry University improves the soil on saline-alkaline spot soil for one kind and does the plant method etc. of willow of bed and alkaline land improving has been done a large amount of work.
At the Xinjiang Aksu Prefecture, precipitation is less, and direct runoff is abundant, main plant cotton.April in every year, sowing cotton was taken off mulch film by the end of June, ditched, applied fertilizer, pours water in the inherent cotton ridges on the 7th.During trench digging, cotton plant is placed the ridge back of the body (salification district), moisture infiltrates in the ridge back of the body in the ditch, and native face evaporation is with the saline and alkaline ridge back that is deposited in, and cotton root long period of soaking causes growth retardation or death in saline and alkaline.At zanjon and low-lying place, more because of chemical fertilizer water, cause the cotton seedling death rate to increase, formed the Wu Miao district.Around zanjon and low-lying place, when cotton length arrived 33-55 centimetre of flowering and boll-setting period, cotton plant was dead in flakes.But at the physical features higher position, owing to do not irritate water in the ridge ditch, the not salification of ridge back, cotton growth is good.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, the modification method on saline-alkaline spot soil ground in a kind of farmland is provided, and this method is in saline-alkaline spot soil ground, washes salt discharge alkali earlier, and the skilful step of planting of the salt of hiding again realizes the improvement to saline-alkaline spot soil ground in the farmland.The present invention can large tracts of land the comprehensive utilization salt-soda soil, enlarge the saline-alkali land vegetation area coverage, protect and improve the ecological environment.
The modification method on saline-alkaline spot soil ground in a kind of farmland of the present invention follows these steps to carry out:
A, elder generation found the ridge, the water-retention well of being made up of pipe of cement, water inlet, lead and the gate of grit stone, tube wall belt hole in saline-alkaline spot soil ground center fixed then on every side on saline-alkaline spot soil ground;
B, wash salt discharge alkali: around saline-alkaline spot soil ground, irritate fresh water in the upright ridge, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead (2) immediately, mention gate (1), by water inlet (4), enter in the pipe of cement (6) of tube wall belt hole, enter underground by grit stone (7) again;
Ground airing one day in the ridge after c, salt buck have been arranged;
D, wash salt discharge alkali again: around saline-alkaline spot soil ground, continue to irritate fresh water in the upright ridge, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead immediately, mention gate, pass through water inlet, enter in the pipe of cement of tube wall belt hole, enter by grit stone more underground, airing, the row of washing, airing to the face of land salification major part in the saline-alkaline spot soil ground enter underground continuously;
E, airing a few days to ground dry and comfortable after, ditching (8) and making ridge (9) around the water-retention well;
F, on the slope between bottom of trench (8) and the ridge back of the body (9), plant saline alkali tolerant plant (10), after treating that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) is emerged, centre at step e trench digging is opened zanjon (11) again, pour water, field management routinely guarantees that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) survives, and plant to be planted (10) grows up, the overburden soil face, constantly pouring water, it is saline and alkaline to press, and can reach the improvement on saline-alkaline spot soil ground.
Spacing between the step e ridge back of the body (9) is 1600mm, and the ridge back of the body (9) is 300mm with the degree of depth of bottom of trench (8).
Plantation two row saline alkali tolerant plants on the slope between the step f bottom of trench (8) and the ridge back of the body (9), wherein: with the ridge back of the body (9) is the center, line-spacing between the both sides is planted delegation's saline alkali tolerant plant for the 700mm kind, with bottom of trench (8) is the center, line-spacing is planted delegation's saline alkali tolerant plant for the 700mm kind between the both sides, and line-spacing is 100mm at interval.
Step f kind is planted saline alkali tolerant plant (10) and is cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatch.
Description of drawings
Referring to accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a water-retention well schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the present invention's making ridge schematic diagram of ditching
The specific embodiment
The present invention further describes and provides embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The modification method on saline-alkaline spot soil ground in a kind of farmland of the present invention is an example with Aksu Prefecture experimental plot, Xinjiang:
One, washes salt discharge alkali
Select saline-alkaline spot soil ground, the upright ridge around earlier on saline-alkaline spot soil ground, then at saline-alkaline spot soil ground center fixed water-retention well, this water-retention well is by grit stone (7), the pipe of cement of tube wall belt hole (6), water inlet (4), lead (2), water leg (3), top cover (5) and gate (1) are formed, concrete operations are: dig pit in the middle of saline-alkaline spot soil ground, hole end place mat grit stone (7), go up the fixedly pipe of cement of tube wall belt hole (6) at grit stone (7), (5) are added a cover at pipe of cement (6) top, one upper lateral part of pipe of cement (6) has water inlet (4), water inlet is connected with water leg (3), and water leg (3) one sides are connected with lead (2) by gate (1);
In the upright ridge around the saline-alkaline spot soil ground, irritate fresh water, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead (2) immediately, mention gate (1), by water leg (3) and water inlet (4), enter in the pipe of cement (6) of tube wall belt hole, the salt buck enters underground by grit stone (7) by the hole on pipe of cement bottom and the tube wall fast;
Ground airing one day in the ridge after the salt buck has been arranged;
Wash salt discharge alkali again: around saline-alkaline spot soil ground, continue to irritate fresh water in the upright ridge, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead (2) immediately, mention gate (1), by water leg (3) and water inlet (4), enter in the pipe of cement (6) of tube wall belt hole, the salt buck is entered underground fast by grit stone (7) by the hole on pipe of cement bottom and the tube wall, airing then, and the row of washing, airing to the face of land salification major part in the saline-alkaline spot soil ground enter underground continuously.
Two, the salt of hiding is planted ingeniously
Again the airing a few days to ground dry and comfortable after, ditching (8) and making ridge (9) around the water-retention well, the spacing between the ridge back of the body (9) is 1600mm, the ridge back of the body (9) is 300mm with the degree of depth of bottom of trench (8);
Plantation two row saline alkali tolerant plant (10) cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatches on the slope between the bottom of trench (8) and the ridge back of the body (9); wherein: with the ridge back of the body (9) is the center; line-spacing between the both sides is planted delegation saline alkali tolerant plant cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatch for the 700mm kind; with bottom of trench (8) is the center; line-spacing is planted delegation saline alkali tolerant plant cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatch for the 700mm kind between the both sides; line-spacing is 100mm at interval; after treating that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatch emerge; the centre of ditch (8) is opened zanjon (11) again; pour water fertilising, the position of fertilising; leave root 10cm; allow root slowly absorb, survival rate is higher like this, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer also improves thereupon; or adopt the method for drip irrigation zone fertilising to carry out; field management routinely guarantees that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) survives again, and plant to be planted (10) grows up, the overburden soil face; constantly pouring water, it is saline and alkaline to press, and can reach the improvement on saline-alkaline spot soil ground.The present invention can large tracts of land the comprehensive utilization salt-soda soil, enlarge the saline-alkali land vegetation area coverage, protect and improve the ecological environment.
Claims (4)
1. the modification method on saline-alkaline spot soil ground in the farmland is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
A, elder generation found the ridge, the water-retention well of being made up of pipe of cement, water inlet, lead and the gate of grit stone, tube wall belt hole in saline-alkaline spot soil ground center fixed then on every side on saline-alkaline spot soil ground;
B, wash salt discharge alkali: around saline-alkaline spot soil ground, irritate fresh water in the upright ridge, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead (2) immediately, mention gate (1), by water inlet (4), enter in the pipe of cement (6) of tube wall belt hole, enter underground by grit stone (7) again;
Ground airing one day in the ridge after c, salt buck have been arranged;
D, wash salt discharge alkali again: around saline-alkaline spot soil ground, continue to irritate fresh water in the upright ridge, soaked 1 hour, after the saline and alkaline fusing in ground, enter lead immediately, mention gate, pass through water inlet, enter in the pipe of cement of tube wall belt hole, enter by grit stone more underground, airing, the row of washing, airing to the face of land salification major part in the saline-alkaline spot soil ground enter underground continuously;
E, airing a few days to ground dry and comfortable after, ditching (8) and making ridge (9) around the water-retention well;
F, on the slope between bottom of trench (8) and the ridge back of the body (9), plant saline alkali tolerant plant (10), after treating that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) is emerged, centre at step e trench digging is opened zanjon (11) again, pour water, field management routinely guarantees that saline alkali tolerant plant (10) survives, and plant to be planted (10) grows up, the overburden soil face, constantly pouring water, it is saline and alkaline to press, and can reach the improvement on saline-alkaline spot soil ground.
2. method according to claim 1, the spacing of its feature between the step e ridge back of the body (9) is 1600mm, the ridge back of the body (9) is 300mm with the degree of depth of bottom of trench (8).
3. method according to claim 1, its feature is plantation two row saline alkali tolerant plants on the slope between the step f bottom of trench (8) and the ridge back of the body (9), wherein: with the ridge back of the body (9) is the center, line-spacing between the both sides is planted delegation's saline alkali tolerant plant for the 700mm kind, with bottom of trench (8) is the center, line-spacing is planted delegation's saline alkali tolerant plant for the 700mm kind between the both sides, and line-spacing is 100mm at interval.
4. method according to claim 1, its feature are planted saline alkali tolerant plant (10) in step f kind and are cotton or clover or matrimony vine or alkali thatch.
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| CN2007101800339A CN101168165B (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | Improvement method for saline-alkaline spot soil in farmland |
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| CN2007101800339A CN101168165B (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2007-11-22 | Improvement method for saline-alkaline spot soil in farmland |
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| CN101168165B CN101168165B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102699016A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for eliminating salt stains in new-cultivating farmland of salted desert |
| CN105537256A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-05-04 | 南京林业大学 | Removal method for salt in high-salinity soil |
| CN108260374A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of the saline and alkaline quick planting Aneurolepidium Chinese Artificial Grassland of Degradation Meadow |
| CN109197008A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-15 | 北京市园林绿化集团有限公司 | A method of administering improvement salt-soda soil |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100473271C (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2009-04-01 | 东营金川水土环境工程有限公司 | System engineering method for modifying alkaline land by use of pipe drainage method |
| CN100548519C (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-10-14 | 刘太祥 | Salt marsh agricultural land soil and vegetation synthesis improvement method |
-
2007
- 2007-11-22 CN CN2007101800339A patent/CN101168165B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102699016A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for eliminating salt stains in new-cultivating farmland of salted desert |
| CN105537256A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-05-04 | 南京林业大学 | Removal method for salt in high-salinity soil |
| CN108260374A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The method of the saline and alkaline quick planting Aneurolepidium Chinese Artificial Grassland of Degradation Meadow |
| CN108260374B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-09-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for quickly establishing and planting leymus chinensis artificial grassland in saline-alkali deteriorated meadow |
| CN109197008A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-15 | 北京市园林绿化集团有限公司 | A method of administering improvement salt-soda soil |
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Granted publication date: 20100602 Termination date: 20131122 |