CN103181258B - Saline-alkali soil improvement method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil improvement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103181258B CN103181258B CN201310109811.0A CN201310109811A CN103181258B CN 103181258 B CN103181258 B CN 103181258B CN 201310109811 A CN201310109811 A CN 201310109811A CN 103181258 B CN103181258 B CN 103181258B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement method. The method comprises the steps of partition, bottom layer river system layout, interlayer setting, original soil backfilling, spraying column laying, drainage channel constructing, salt elimination and alkali rinsing, and nursery stock planting. The cost is reduced, on the one hand, the improvement effect is promoted, on the other hand, the improvement measurement of the saline-alkali soil is tightly combined with gardening, and colorful landscape is created for the landscaping construction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land soil improvement field, particularly relate to a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method.
Background technology
Saline land refers to that the soluble organic fraction concentration contained in soil is higher, plant growth is directly caused to the soil of inhibitory action or harm.China's saline-alkali soil area is very large, type is complicated, some special plants being adapted to solonchak are only had to grow, which results in the growth needs that the vast saline-alkali environment of area can not be applicable to landscape planting plant, thus limit their geographical distributions, make landscape planting construction be difficult to meet the needs of modern city gardens landscape planting.Therefore, the improvement in saline land and utilization, the Conservation and devel-opment for urban ecological environment is all an extremely important problem.Although alkaline land improving measure is varied, improved effect is often unsatisfactory, and saline land greening often gets into a difficult position.Traditional alkaline land improving technology depends on soil moved in improve the original method mostly, and namely use the excellent anthropogenic soil in strange land to replace local saline-alkali soil, improvement expends huge, pollutes and destruction periphery anthropogenic soil simultaneously.Therefore how ensureing that afforestation effect is with under the prerequisite of speed, reduces greening cost, the benign cycle of development afforestation and saline and alkaline improvement, the sustainable development of guarantee saline land afforestation is the problem that the afforestation of current saline land is being studied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, comprehensive utilization soil chemistry improved means, physical engineering measure, plant ecological measure etc., the improvement of landscape planting high efficiency, low cost is carried out to alkaline land soil, reduce costs on the one hand, promote improved effect, on the other hand the ameliorative measure of saline-alkali soil and greening gardening are combined closely, for Urban Landscape Construction creates colourful view.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, comprising the following steps:
(1) need be divided into a plurality of work plot with improveing, subregion is improved;
(2) on each work plot, trickle ditch is dug, described trickle ditch is divided into branch's trickle ditch of trunk trickle ditch distribution parallel with a plurality of, described trunk trickle ditch comprises longitudinal trunk trickle ditch of a horizontal trunk trickle ditch parallel with described branch trickle ditch and a plurality of and described horizontal trunk trickle ditch vertical connection, and wherein said longitudinal trunk trickle ditch is connected by sump with described horizontal trunk trickle ditch;
(3) draining blind pipe is laid in described trickle ditch, described draining blind pipe divides trunk blind pipe and a blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe repeats crossing with described blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe is connected with described sump, lay above described draining blind pipe and drench layer, the agricultural crop straw that described pouring layer comprises the woven cloth be laid on described draining blind pipe, is laid on the brickbat rock layers in described woven cloth and is laid in described brickbat rock layers;
(4) rice husk and original soil are stirred, fill and lead up described trickle ditch, apply acid fertilizer, acid modifying agent and crops crushing straw, and rotary tillage mixes, and mixes;
(5) on described trickle ditch, a plurality of trickle post is laid, described trickle post Surface mulch woven cloth;
(6) arrange drainage ditch in described sump side, described drainage ditch is connected with each sump by plurality of conduits;
(7) smooth described work plot, ridging, flood pouring is carried out in described work plot, makes improvement ground.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, each work plot is wide 40 meters, long 60 meters.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, described trickle furrow width is 0.3 meter-0.35 meter, be 1 meter-1.5 meters deeply, article two, between contiguous branch trickle ditch, be spaced apart 6 meters, article two, be spaced apart 30 meters between adjacent longitudinal trunk trickle ditch, the intersection of described longitudinal trunk trickle ditch and described horizontal trunk trickle ditch is provided with sump.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, described 1 meter-1.5 meters is 1 meter-1.2 meters.
As a kind of preferred version of the soil melioration of a kind of saline land landscape planting of the present invention, the draining blind pipe be layed in described trickle ditch locates below ground level 1.2 meters-1.5 meters, the thickness of described pouring layer is 0.25 meter-0.4 meter, the thickness of brickbat rock layers is 0.1 meter, the thickness of described agricultural crop straw is 0.15 meter-0.3 meter, and described brickbat rock layers comprises size and is 0.02 meter-0.05 meter and the rubble not mixing powder.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, wherein said 0.15 meter-0.3 meter is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, the crops crushing straw applied be common agricultural crushing straw with nitrogenous fertilizer generation fermentable after the crops crushing straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed that obtains, the thickness of described acid fertilizer and described acid modifying agent is 0.05 meter, and wherein acid fertilizer is excrement of animals and/or peat composed of rotten mosses ash.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, between adjacent two trickle posts, be spaced apart 2 meters.
As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, the width of described drainage ditch is 3 meters, and described pipeline is PVC pipeline, and the number of times of described flood pouring is 3-4 time.As a kind of preferred version of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, it also comprises:, dug plant pit in described improvement on the ground, implants nursery stock.
Compared with prior art, the saline-alkali soil improvement method that the present invention proposes, the ameliorative measure of saline-alkali soil and greening gardening are combined closely, both for Urban Landscape Construction creates colourful view, reach again the object that salt is controlled in soil melioration, the aspect such as ecological benefits and economic benefit is comprehensively improved, for the gardening and afforestation promoting and accelerate varieties in saline-alkali areas contributes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the water spray system plane distribution schematic diagram of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the trickle ditch generalized section of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the trickle post scheme of installation of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is sump and the drainage ditch generalized section of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the arbor plantation schematic diagram of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 is sump, 2 is horizontal trunk trickle ditch, and 3 is drainage ditch, 4 is longitudinal trunk trickle ditch, and 5 is branch's trickle ditch, and 6 is trickle ditch, 7 for washing saline and alkaline and mixing the original soil of sand, and 8 is improvement oxidant layer, and 9 is draining blind pipe (transverse direction), 10 for drenching layer, and 11 is stalk layer, and 12 is trickle post, 13 is a blind pipe, and 14 is main blind pipe, and 15 is ponding, 16 is PVC pipeline, and 17 is draining blind pipe (longitudinal direction), and 18 is plant.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, and below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment one
The present invention proposes a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method, and it comprises the following steps:
1) subregion: need a plurality of work plot be divided into improveing.
In one embodiment, need be divided into several length 60 meters with improveing, wide 40 meters of work plot, subregion is improved.
2) bottom water system is laid: on each work plot, dig trickle ditch, described trickle ditch is divided into branch's trickle ditch of trunk trickle ditch distribution parallel with a plurality of, described trunk trickle ditch comprises longitudinal trunk trickle ditch of a horizontal trunk trickle ditch parallel with described branch trickle ditch and a plurality of and described horizontal trunk trickle ditch vertical connection, and wherein said longitudinal trunk trickle ditch is connected by sump with described horizontal trunk trickle ditch.
In one embodiment, refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the water spray system plane distribution schematic diagram of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.Dig on work plot as shown in Figure 1 wide be 0.3 meter-0.35 meter, be the trickle ditch 6 of 1 meter-1.5 meters deeply, be preferably the trickle ditch 6 of 1 meter-1.2 meters deeply, be divided into trunk trickle ditch and branch's trickle ditch 5, the wherein parallel distribution of some branch's trickle ditches 5, is spaced apart 6 meters between arbitrary adjacent two described branch trickle ditches 5; Trunk trickle ditch comprises a horizontal trunk trickle ditch 2, parallel with branch trickle ditch 5; Some longitudinal trunk trickle ditches 4, with branch's trickle ditch 5 vertical connection, are spaced apart 30 meters between arbitrary adjacent two described longitudinal trunk trickle ditches 4; Wherein longitudinal trunk trickle ditch 4 is connected by sump 1 with horizontal trunk trickle ditch 2, and sump 1 connects with city planting ductwork and drainage ditch.
3) interlayer is arranged: lay draining blind pipe in described trickle ditch, described draining blind pipe divides trunk blind pipe and a blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe repeats crossing with described blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe is connected with described sump, lay above described draining blind pipe and drench layer, the agricultural crop straw that described pouring layer comprises the woven cloth be laid on described draining blind pipe, is laid on the brickbat rock layers in described woven cloth and is laid in described brickbat rock layers.
In one embodiment, refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is the trickle ditch generalized section of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the trickle post scheme of installation of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.Draining blind pipe 9 is laid as shown in Figure 2 in trickle ditch 6, draining blind pipe 9 locates below ground level 1.2 meters of-1.5 meters of or depending on underground critical groundwater table, draining blind pipe 9 points of trunk blind pipes 14 and a blind pipe 13 as shown in Figure 3, both repeat to intersect, and are connected as shown in Figure 4 by trunk blind pipe 14 with sump 1, above draining blind pipe 9, laying depth is the pouring layer 10 of 0.25 meter-0.4 meter as shown in Figure 2: prior to the corrosion resistant woven cloth of draining blind pipe 9 upper berth one deck, to contribute to preventing silt from flowing in french drain, affect permeability, re-lay the garrulous bricks and stones of one deck construction waste, garrulous bricks and stones size is 0.02 meter-0.05 meter and does not mix powder, garrulous bricks and stones layer thickness is about 0.1 meter, then in brickbat rock layers, cover the agricultural crop straw of 0.15 meter-0.3 meter, the agricultural crop straw of preferred covering 0.2 meter-0.3 meter, agricultural crop straw has Littoral Barrier and improves the infiltrative effect of current.
4) original soil backfill: rice husk and original soil are stirred, fills and leads up described trickle ditch, apply acid fertilizer, acid modifying agent and crops crushing straw, and rotary tillage mixes, and mixes.
In one embodiment, refer to Fig. 2, as shown in Figure 2, by certain thickness rice husk with wash the saline and alkaline and original soil 7 mixing sand and stir, fill and lead up trickle ditch 6, apply acid fertilizer, acid modifying agent etc. and make improvement oxidant layer 8, modifying agent layer thickness is 0.05 meter, and desirable cattle manure and peat composed of rotten mosses ash etc. make improvement oxidant layer containing acid stronger material.The stalk layers 11 processed such as the crops crushing straw become thoroughly decomposed, rotary tillage mixes, and mixes.The crops crushing straw become thoroughly decomposed, by adding certain density nitrogenous fertilizer in crops, is obtained by fermentable.Agricultural crop straw layer 11 can adulterate rice husk, and the thickness of rice husk adjusts with physical features.
5) trickle post is laid: on described trickle ditch, lay a plurality of trickle post, described trickle post Surface mulch woven cloth.
In one embodiment, refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the arbor plantation schematic diagram of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 combine, trickle ditch 6 carries out the laying of trickle post 12 at a certain distance, preferably between adjacent two described trickle posts 12, be spaced apart 2 meters, in Surface mulch one deck woven cloth after having laid, play the effect preventing mud foam from flowing into.
6) drainage ditch is built: arrange drainage ditch in described sump side, described drainage ditch is connected with each sump by plurality of conduits.
In one embodiment, refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is sump and the drainage ditch generalized section of a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, build in sump 1 side the drainage ditch 3 that width is 3 meters, drainage ditch 3 is connected with each sump 1 by PVC pipeline 16.
7) salt discharge soda: smooth described work plot, ridging, flood pouring is carried out in described work plot, makes improvement ground.
In one embodiment, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 is referred to.Level land, ridging rectangle or square, to tackle precipitation or water filling; As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 combine, 3 ~ 4 flood pourings are carried out on the ground in improvement, the salinity in soil is made to infiltrate into pouring layer 10, sump 1, drainage ditch 3 and city planting ductwork with current through trickle post 12, while salt discharge, alkali part in soil can rise to root growth layer with waterborne, neutralize with acid modifying agent, thus reach the object of salt discharge soda.
8) seedling growth, refer to Fig. 5.Improve on the ground uniformly turning over, dug plant pit, implanted the plants 18 such as nursery stock as shown in Figure 5.
The present invention is not limited only to above embodiment.Those skilled in the art can use for reference present disclosure, and suitably improving or adjust content of the present invention can realize.Special needs to be pointed out is, all similar replacements and change, to those skilled in the art, be apparent, they are all deemed to be included in the scope of the invention.
In sum, when a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement method of this method utilizes natural rainfall or artificial water supply, salinity in soil dissolves, and by soil capillary infiltration function and the rapid seepage flow of trickle post to drenching in layer and trickle french drain, flow into subsequently in sump, finally drain into drainage ditch and city planting ductwork, through feeding water several times, the salinity in soil is discharged gradually.Meanwhile, because the proportion of alkali is less than water in soil, therefore in the process of salt discharge, alkali part is the place that medium is raised to the about 20cm of upper soll layer with water, causes the pH value in soil to increase.Top layer lay acid modifying agent can effectively and alkali part neutralize, reduction soil pH value, reach demand of plant growth.
What become thoroughly decomposed agricultural crop straw mixes the physical property changing on the one hand soil, and soil structure is become loose ventilative from original hardening, surface temperature can be passed to deep subsoil fast, thus raises soil temperature, and the gas permeability of soil improves simultaneously; Improve SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio on the other hand, improve soil fertility.Regulate soil acid-base equilibrium while the mixing of acid fertilizer adds soil fertility, the water conservation composition in perfect drainage system and modifying agent ensure that the storage of moisture in root system.By above measure, the conditions such as the necessary nutrition of plant growth, air, temperature, moisture are comprehensively improved.
First the method makes full use of agricultural crop straw and building masonry waste material, and twice laid, reduces costs, protection of the environment; Secondly comprehensive utilization soil chemistry improved means, physical engineering measure, plant ecological measure etc., carry out soil remediation and greening; Again do not rely on soil moved in improve the original to transplant, significantly reduce costs, save cost about 40% than soil moved in improve the original method, environment of simultaneously protecting farmland; Finally can utilize natural rainfall, carry out salt discharge soda, reduce costs, simultaneously saving water resource.
It should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a saline-alkali soil improvement method, it comprises:
(1) need be divided into a plurality of work plot with improveing, each work plot is wide 40 meters, long 60 meters;
(2) on each work plot, trickle ditch is dug, described trickle ditch is divided into branch's trickle ditch of trunk trickle ditch distribution parallel with a plurality of, described trunk trickle ditch comprises longitudinal trunk trickle ditch of a horizontal trunk trickle ditch parallel with described branch trickle ditch and a plurality of and described horizontal trunk trickle ditch vertical connection, wherein said longitudinal trunk trickle ditch is connected by sump with described horizontal trunk trickle ditch, described trickle furrow width is 0.3 meter-0.35 meter, be deeply 1 meter-1.5 meters, article two, between contiguous branch trickle ditch, be spaced apart 6 meters, article two, between adjacent longitudinal trunk trickle ditch, be spaced apart 30 meters, the intersection of described longitudinal trunk trickle ditch and described horizontal trunk trickle ditch is provided with sump,
(3) draining blind pipe is laid in described trickle ditch, described draining blind pipe divides trunk blind pipe and a blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe repeats crossing with described blind pipe, described trunk blind pipe is connected with described sump, lay above described draining blind pipe and drench layer, described pouring layer comprises the woven cloth be laid on described draining blind pipe, the agricultural crop straw being laid on the brickbat rock layers in described woven cloth and being laid in described brickbat rock layers, the draining blind pipe be layed in described trickle ditch locates below ground level 1.2 meters-1.5 meters, the thickness of described pouring layer is 0.25 meter-0.4 meter, the thickness of brickbat rock layers is 0.1 meter, the thickness of described agricultural crop straw is 0.15 meter-0.3 meter, described brickbat rock layers comprises size and is 0.02 meter-0.05 meter and the rubble not mixing powder,
(4) rice husk and original soil are stirred, fill and lead up described trickle ditch, apply acid fertilizer, acid modifying agent and crops crushing straw, and rotary tillage mixes, and mixes;
(5) on described trickle ditch, a plurality of trickle post is laid, described trickle post Surface mulch woven cloth;
(6) arrange drainage ditch in described sump side, described drainage ditch is connected with each sump by plurality of conduits;
(7) smooth described work plot, ridging, flood pouring is carried out in described work plot, makes improvement ground.
2. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described trickle ditch depth is 1 meter-1.2 meters.
3. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described agricultural crop straw is 0.2 meter-0.3 meter.
4. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the crops crushing straw of applying is the crops crushing straw that becomes thoroughly decomposed obtained after common agricultural crushing straw and nitrogenous fertilizer generation fermentable, the thickness of described acid fertilizer and described acid modifying agent is 0.05 meter, and wherein acid fertilizer is excrement of animals and/or peat composed of rotten mosses ash.
5. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: be spaced apart 2 meters between adjacent two trickle posts.
6. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the width of described drainage ditch is 3 meters, and described pipeline is PVC pipeline, and the number of times of described flood pouring is 3-4 time.
7. saline-alkali soil improvement method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: it also comprises:, dug plant pit in described improvement on the ground, implants nursery stock.
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| CN104488392B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-08-17 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | The straightforward procedure of sand strongly salined soil quick desalination |
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| CN106034459A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 上海博大园林建设发展有限公司 | Songnen plain saline-alkali soil comprehensive improvement method |
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| CN106304877A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for improving kaline soil by planting chicory |
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| CN106973576A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-25 | 内蒙古百合生态科技有限公司 | Improve the construction method with greening a kind of desert saline |
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| CN112703847A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-27 | 河海大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil improvement method based on physical salt elimination |
| CN114531988A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-27 | 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 | Desalination structure and desalination method for improving saline-alkali soil |
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