CN101122947B - 伽码硬化的rfid标签在制药装置中的使用 - Google Patents
伽码硬化的rfid标签在制药装置中的使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开了一种在使用辐射的环境中利用RFID标签的系统和方法。RFID标签固定在制药系统的各种部件上,由此使得顾客可以下载关于该部件的相关信息,如批号、制造日期、测试参数等。标签可以在制造期间或是紧接在制造之后应用于该部件,并且可以经受消毒处理而没有丢失或破坏数据的风险。标签内的存储器件利用非依赖于电荷存储作为存储信息的机制的技术。
Description
背景技术
RFID标签的使用已经很普遍,特别是在资产管理中,尤其是与库存管理关联的应用。例如,RFID标签的使用使得可以对生产线和资产或部件在供应链上的运动进行监控。
为了进一步说明这个概念,制造实体可以在部件进入生产设备时将RFID标签粘贴在该部件上。然后将这些部件插入生产流中,与其它部件一起形成配件,并最终产生成品.RFID标签的使用使得该制造实体内的人员可以跟踪特定部件在整个制造过程中的运动.其还使得该实体可以识别包括任何特定配件或成品的具体部件。
此外,RFID标签的使用还在药品和制药工业内得到鼓励。在2004年2月,美国联邦药品局(the United States Federal and DrugAdministration)发布了鼓励使用RFID标签来标记和监控药品的报告。这是提供谱系记录并限制伪造的处方药流入市场和消费者手中的一种尝试。
自引入RFID标签以来,RFID标签已经用于很多应用,如用于识别和提供用于过滤器产品中的过程控制的信息。1997年授予DenDekker的美国专利5674381公开了“电子标记”结合过滤装置和可更换过滤器配件的使用。具体地说,该专利公开了一种具有电子标记的过滤器,其包括读/写存储器和具有响应该标记的读出装置的关联过滤装置。该电子标记适用于对可更换过滤器的实际运行小时进行计数和存储。该过滤装置适用于基于该实时数字允许或拒绝过滤器的使用。该专利还公开了电子标记可用于存储关于可更换过滤器的标识信息。
Baker等人在2005年以美国专利申请公开号US2005/0205658公布的专利申请公开了一种过程设备跟踪系统。该系统包括RFI D标签结合过程设备的使用。该RFID标签被描述为能够存储“至少一个可跟踪事件”。这些可跟踪事件例如是清除日期和批处理日期。该文献还公开了一种RFID读取器,其可以连接到存在过程设备数据库的PC或互联网。该数据库包含多个可跟踪事件,并且可以提供用于确定“过程设备基于所累积数据的服务寿命”的信息。该应用包括利用这种类型的系统和大量过程设备,如阀门、泵、过滤器和紫外线灯。
由Jornitz等人提交并在2004年以美国专利申请公开号2004/0256328公布的另一个专利申请公开了一种用于监视滤波装置的完整性的装置和方法。该文献描述了包含板上存储芯片和通信器件的过滤器结合过滤器外壳的使用。该过滤器外壳用作监视和完整性测试器。该申请还公开了一组用于保证用在多圆角外壳中的过滤元件的完整性的步骤。这些步骤包括询问存储元件以验证正在使用的过滤器的类型、其限制数据及其生产发布数据。
尽管存在通过使用RFID标签所带来的进步,还有其它领域没有被令人满意地涉及到。例如,目前RFID不能用在需要或利用辐射的环境中。这是因为RFID标签内的存储器存储器件不能经受辐射这一事实。在受到辐射时,具体地说是伽码辐射,这些存储元件的内容遭到破坏,由此导致该存储元件在这种环境下无用。但是,存在很多需要对该系统进行辐射的应用,例如但不限于药品和制药工业。因此,对这些工业及其它来说,让RFID标签能够忍受辐射而不丢失或破坏数据是非常有利的。
发明内容
现有技术的缺点由本发明来克服,本发明描述了一种在使用辐射的环境中利用RFID标签的系统和方法。RFID标签固定在制药系统的各种部件上,由此使得顾客可以下载关于该部件的相关信息,如批号、制造日期、测试参数等。该标签可以在制造过程中或者紧接在最终装配之后施加在该部件上,并且可以经过消毒处理而没有数据丢失或破坏的风险。标签内的存储器件利用了不依赖电荷存储作为其存储信息的机制的技术。
具体实施方式
RFID标签的使用已经越来越普遍。但是在某些应用中,它们的使用是有限的,或是不可能的。例如,必须对这种标签进行辐射的任何环境都会恶化或破坏该标签内存储器件的内容。因此,被伽码辐射的装置,如制药部件,或受到x射线辐射的装置,如穿过机场安全系统的装置,目前都不能使用RFID标签。因此,用于这些环境中的产品必须找到替代解决方案。例如在一些情况中,简单的条形码粘贴在该装置上,并采用数据库来存储和检索与该条形码关联的有关信息。换句话说,该标签的存储元件差不多可以去掉并保存在其它地方。虽然这使得可以保存和检索与该装置关联的数据,但这需要计算机的访问和用于存储的远程数据库。当该装置的制造商和该装置的用户都希望访问和更新该关联信息时,这种解决方案更为复杂。这种配置要求对数据库的联合访问,这由于需要保密和保护数据而可能很难或根本不可能。
第二种解决方案包括在辐射该装置之后在处理中的某个时刻粘贴RFID标签。例如,制造部件通常要受到伽码辐射。在该步骤之后施加RFID标签可以绕过存储器崩溃的问题。但是,与该部件关联的、在辐射步骤之前就建立的数据必须以某种方式存储起来并与适当的部件关联,从而后来粘贴的标签包含所有需要的信息。
第三个解决方案是禁止对该装置使用辐射。因此,用户必须找到替代途径来达到通过辐射该装置所寻求的结果(例如消毒)。很明显,这些解决方案中没有一个是最佳的。
应当注意尽管本申请描述了RFID标签的使用,但是本发明不限于此。要解决的基本问题是所使用的存储器件的限制,而与具体的通信协议无关。因此,RFID标签内的存储器件很明显受到辐射的影响,而使用具有其它通信协议如Zigbee(IEEE 802.15.4)、蓝牙(I EEE802.15.1)、WiFi(IEEE802.11)、IrDA及其它的存储器件的装置也一样。
该问题的根基就在于传统的存储器件无法忍受辐射。这是普遍公知的问题,并且影响所有类型的存储器,包括FLASH、EEPROM、DRAM和SRAM。由于所提到的每种存储器件都采用存储电荷来代表每个二进制位的值,因此每种存储器件都容易被辐射导致崩溃。在这种情况下,存储在电容器中的电荷或是被辐射耗尽或是增强,由此影响其值。
还有其他使用非电荷存储的机制来保留位值的存储器技术。例如,FRAM或铁电RAM利用具有双稳态结构的分子来存储状态,其中一个稳定的分子配置代表“1”,另一个稳定的配置代表“0”。用在FRAM中的几种常见分子是PZT(铅-锆酸盐-钛酸盐)、SBT(锶-铋-钽酸盐)和BLT(被镧替代的铋-钽酸盐)。每种分子在具有双极力矩的立方体单元中具有一个中心原子。这些分子基于对该分子施加的电场而在两个稳定状态之间切换。由于这些单元依赖电场而不是电荷,因此利用该机制的存储器远比传统的半导体存储结构更不易受到伽码和其它类型辐射的影响。铁电装置是公知的,并且详细描述在授予Rohrer的美国专利3728694中。
不利用电荷作为存储机制的存储器件的另一个例子是MRAM,也称为磁阻的或简称为磁性RAM。这些存储器件利用铁磁材料,通常以Hall传感器的形式来存储位的状态。其它细节在美国专利6140139中提供。由于利用的是磁场而不是电容电荷,因此这些存储器件也不易受到伽码辐射的影响。
如上所述,不利用电荷作为存储机制的存储器件不易遭到辐射、尤其是伽码辐射导致的崩溃,由此使得它们在某些应用中特别有优势。必须通过x射线机如机场扫描机的RFID和其它远程可读标签,或者用于制药和药品工业的标签,可以在采用这些存储器件进行装配时发挥作用。
在一个实施例中,利用铁电存储器件的RFI D标签,以及利用传统存储技术的几个RFID标签都受到伽码辐射的重复照射。每个标签都经受标准的25kGray的剂量。此后读取每个标签。所有利用传统存储器的标签都不可读,而利用铁电存储器件的标签可以工作。然后将测试图案写入每个能工作的器件,接着对它们进行第二剂量的辐射。然后重新测试这些标签,每个标签中的测试图案都可读。
以此为基础,可以研制一种复杂的制药资产管理系统。在一个实施例中,制药部件如过滤装置等等都具有粘贴于其上的可远程读取标签,如RFID标签。该标签包含特定于装置的信息,例如但不限于特定于装置的信息(例如序列号、制造日期等)、装置规格(例如压力上限和压力下限)以及装置测试参数。顾客可以通过很多途径使用该信息。例如,可以建立自动仪器初始化和校准程序。利用RFID或相应的读取器,顾客可以确定校准值、上限和下限、度量单位和/或数据交换协议。
这些标签还可以与远程传感器结合使用,如压力、温度和浓度传感器。这些传感器类型的使用在美国专利申请11/402737、11/402437和11/402438中描述,每一个公开物通过引用合并在此。在这种情况下,由传感器获得的信息可以存储在RFID标签中并由顾客稍后读取。
最后,利用可远程读取资产管理标签的能力对制药消费品如过滤器、包裹、试管和处理工具都是有益的。目前,制药工业正在探索一次性技术的可能性。在这种情况下,消费者可以利用至少一些一次性部件(如过滤器、包裹、软管等)来配置他们所需要的系统。这使得顾客可以按照需要定制他们的配置,还能消除目前必需执行的高成本的清洁操作。为了改善使用一次性部件的效率和可预测性,可以将RFID标签粘贴在这些部件上。这种标签使得可以无线地自动识别部件,包括诸如目录号、序列号和制造日期的信息。这些标签还允许如上所述向顾客传送特定于单位的规格的安全自动化方法。利用包含在这些标签内的信息,可以创建向自动完整性测试器传送特定于单位的测试程序信息的符合GAMP的方法。上述存储器件在该应用中是有利的,因为必须辐射这些一次性部件以保证无菌。
Claims (19)
1.一种对装置进行伽码辐射的方法,其中所述装置包括可远程读取和可重写的存储器件,其中所述存储器件的内容没有被所述伽码辐射破坏,该方法包括:
将采用非基于电荷的存储机制的所述存储器件粘贴在所述装置上;
把数据写入所述存储器件;
对所述装置进行伽码辐射;以及
在所述伽码辐射之后,读取之前写入所述存储器件的所述数据。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述存储器件包括铁电存储器件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述存储器件包括磁阻存储器件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述装置包括RFID标签,所述标签包括所述可远程读取和可重写的存储器件。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述装置包括制药部件,所述存储器件粘接于所述制药部件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述部件是从包括过滤器、包裹、试管和处理工具的组中选择的。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述装置包括被配置为传输往来于所述存储器件的数据的无线通信装置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述装置遵循RFID标准。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述装置遵循在IEEE802.15.4中描述的通信协议。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述装置遵循在IEEE802.15.1中描述的通信协议。
11.一种包括可重写存储元件的装置,该装置在受到伽码辐射时保持所述存储元件的内容,所述装置包括利用非基于电荷的存储机制的所述存储元件。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置,其中所述存储元件包括铁电存储器。
13.根据权利要求11所述的装置,其中所述存储元件包括磁阻存储器。
14.根据权利要求11所述的装置,其中所述装置包括制药部件,所述存储元件粘接于所述制药部件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的装置,其中所述部件是从包括过滤器、包裹、试管和处理工具的组中选择的。
16.根据权利要求11所述的装置,所述装置包括被配置为传输往来于所述存储元件的数据的无线通信装置。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中所述装置遵循RFID标准。
18.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中所述装置遵循在IEEE802.15.4中描述的通信协议。
19.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中所述装置遵循在IEEE802.15.1中描述的通信协议。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/501,446 US8405508B2 (en) | 2006-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | Use of gamma hardened RFID tags in pharmaceutical devices |
US11/501446 | 2006-08-09 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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CN (2) | CN101122947B (zh) |
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ES (3) | ES2702387T3 (zh) |
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CN101923658A (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
ES2585588T3 (es) | 2016-10-06 |
ES2702387T3 (es) | 2019-02-28 |
EP1887581B1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
US20120061463A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
ATE418145T1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
JP2015181053A (ja) | 2015-10-15 |
JP2013127817A (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
US8497775B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 |
DE602007000377D1 (de) | 2009-01-29 |
EP2012323A2 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
EP2012323A3 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
JP2017205515A (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
JP2008041102A (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
EP1887581A1 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
SG139688A1 (en) | 2008-02-29 |
ES2319824T3 (es) | 2009-05-12 |
JP2011204262A (ja) | 2011-10-13 |
SG152218A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 |
EP3082130A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
CN101122947A (zh) | 2008-02-13 |
PL1887581T3 (pl) | 2009-06-30 |
US20080042837A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
EP3082130B1 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
DK1887581T3 (da) | 2009-04-20 |
EP2012323B1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
US8405508B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 |
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