CN101099543B - Aquatic biological feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aquatic biological feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101099543B CN101099543B CN2007100940040A CN200710094004A CN101099543B CN 101099543 B CN101099543 B CN 101099543B CN 2007100940040 A CN2007100940040 A CN 2007100940040A CN 200710094004 A CN200710094004 A CN 200710094004A CN 101099543 B CN101099543 B CN 101099543B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000235646 Cyberlindnera jadinii Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000190932 Rhodopseudomonas Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010015856 Extrasystoles Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000006364 Torula Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 cidophilic Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 13
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 7
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of aquaculture biological feed. It is characterized by that it uses beneficial microbion as main active component, and said biological feed mainly contains bacillus subtitis, marsh rhodopseudomonad, torula yeast and acidophilic lactobacillus. Besides, said invention also provides its preparation method and concrete operation steps.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological feedstuff, relate in particular to a kind of aquatic biological feed; In addition, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this aquatic biological feed, exactly is a kind of bigeminy beneficial microorganism second fermentation process of inoculating respectively.
Background technology
Two problems of needing solution greatly badly that antibiotic and heavy metals exceeding standard have become that culture fishery faces.The problem that abuse and excessive use antibiotic cause in-vivo content to exceed standard has become one of focus of food security concern.In addition, the heavy metal that environmental pollution is carried and other harmful substance to the food security hidden danger that human body brings, are subjected to people's close attention by food chain transport equally.
In order to build a nutritious water body environment for fish, shrimp growth, use biological feedstuff and be undoubtedly the most direct a kind of effective and efficient manner.The livestock and poultry that have that are commonly used for rich water urinate farm manures such as excrement, and the fertilizer of process decomposition reactor system, though these fertilizer can play good rich water effect, they do not recognize that water body also is a subenvironment that needs the ecological balance.Now the aquatic biological feed of releasing in order to guarantee the water ecology balance is arranged also on the market, but these aquatic biological feeds or be when fermenting and producing add co-fermentation together with all beneficial bacteriums; Be exactly that the multiple beneficial microorganism that will ferment mixes ratio by a certain amount of with conventional feed.The former is a kind of method of not taking all factors into consideration strain properties and blindly making up, and is difficult to guarantee that the contained profitable strain of aquatic biological feed meets the requirements on thalline level separately; The latter is not then because through inoculation fermentation but not the aquatic biological feed of real meaning.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of aquatic biological feed, and it has solved aquatic biological feed in the fermented and cultured process, and the profitable strain of collocation is excellent because of occurring, the inferior position bacterium makes single beneficial microbe thalline level not reach the problem of requirement.For this reason, the present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned aquatic biological feed.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of aquatic biological feed, with beneficial microbe as main active, every gram aquatic biological feed contains the amount of beneficial microbe: bacillus subtilis 〉=6 hundred million, swamp Rhodopseudomonas 〉=4 hundred million, candida utili bacterium 〉=6 hundred million, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=4 hundred million.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned aquatic biological feed, adopts secondary fermentation, each method that inserts two microbial inoculums of mutually beneficial growth.This method comprises the fermenting twice process, and for the first time sweat is: contain the bigeminy microbial inoculum of bacillus subtilis and swamp Rhodopseudomonas at the edible fungus bran inoculation of medium, ferment behind the mixing; Sweat is for the second time: when the grade in an imperial examination one time fermentation finishes, inoculate the bigeminy microbial inoculum that contains candida utili bacterium and lactobacillus acidophilus, ferment behind the mixing; For the second time after the fermentation ends, culture is dried or dry in the shade, pulverize, obtain the aquatic biological feed finished product.
Wherein, culture medium raw material is then selected edible fungus bran discarded object nutritious, good air permeability pH neutrality for use.
Described culture medium at postvaccinal bacteria containing amount is: every gram culture medium contains bacillus subtilis and the candida utili bacterium reaches 0.05 hundred million respectively, and what every gram culture medium contained swamp Rhodopseudomonas and lactobacillus acidophilus reaches 0.1 hundred million respectively.
The proportioning (weight ratio) of culture medium is in the fermentation for the first time: bacterium chaff 92%, and blue or green chaff 7%, brown sugar 1%, lime is a small amount of, adds an amount of water, makes the moisture 50%-55% of culture medium.
In the fermentation, on the basis of the fermentation medium first time, add following components by weight proportion for the second time: 1% calcium superphosphate, 5% wheat bran, and low amounts of water makes the moisture 50%-55% of culture medium.
Described fermenting twice process adopts trough type fermentation.
Described first time, the pH value of culture medium was 7.5 during fermentation ends; Described second time, the pH value of culture medium was 4.5 during fermentation ends.
The preparation method of aquatic biological feed of the present invention, characteristics are mainly reflected in the bacterial classification collocation and fermentation mode is selected.
In the bacterial classification collocation, consider that microorganism cultivation back pH changes and the require difference of different bacterium to dissolved oxygen, selected bacillus subtilis and swamp Rhodopseudomonas, candida utili bacterium and lactobacillus acidophilus make up as two bacterium.In the pH variation, bacillus subtilis and swamp Rhodopseudomonas pH is risen, and candida utili bacterium and lactobacillus acidophilus are just the opposite after fermentation ends; In addition, dissolved oxygen is being required, bacillus subtilis and candida utili bacterium are aerobic bacterias, and swamp Rhodopseudomonas and lactobacillus acidophilus are facultative anaerobes, and the preceding latter is just in time mutually beneficial on dissolved oxygen to be mended altogether.Chance excellent, that the inferior position bacterium occurs has been avoided in such collocation, can guarantee that the purpose beneficial bacterium reaches quality requirement on thalline level separately.
On fermentation mode, consider the multi-strain bacteria co-fermentation, if the thalline characteristic has than big-difference, good and bad bacterium will inevitably appear, then be difficult to guarantee product quality.In order to make microorganism in the aquatic biological feed, selected second fermentation process in the overall and single requirement that quantitatively all can satisfy thalline quantity.
By the inventive method, utilize edible fungus bran to be primary raw material, through the aquatic biological feed that fermenting twice is produced, not only every gram contains beneficial bacterium number 〉=20 hundred million, and is rich in various nutrient elements such as organic matter, N, P, K, S.The aquatic biological feed that utilizes the inventive method to produce, have two big main effects: 1, purify water, have the rich water function of exclusive characteristic simultaneously concurrently, improve ecological environment in the water, the state that keeps the water quality benign cycle to utilize, reach the rich water production-increasing function, can make the sashimi (raw fish) long period shorten two weeks, heavy metal and other harmful substance all are not detected.2, improve the body microecosystem, improve immunity of organisms and premunition, increase the beneficial microorganism growth and breeding, suppress growing of harmful germ, reduce the death rate, improve survival rate.The aquatic biological feed that uses the present invention to produce can make the sashimi (raw fish) long period shorten 1 month, and survival rate improves 15%, and the fish incidence of disease descends 70%, and antibiotic residual quantity is well below the national regulation amount, and heavy metal and other harmful substance are not detected yet.
The specific embodiment
With 92kg, water content is that 60% bacterium chaff inoculation fermentation is an example, and the present invention is further detailed explanation.The source of the microorganism of using in following examples is as follows: bacillus subtilis, numbering: ACCC10619; Swamp Rhodopseudomonas, numbering: ACCC10649; The candida utili bacterium, numbering: ACCC20059; And lactobacillus acidophilus, numbering: ACCC10637.Above-mentioned four kinds of beneficial microbes are all bought from Chinese agriculture microorganism fungus kind preservation administrative center and are obtained.
Embodiment 1
Bacterium chaff 92kg, blue or green chaff 7kg, brown sugar 1kg, lime 0.2kg adds water 80kg, mixing, the pH nature, sterilization forms culture medium.
Above-mentioned culture medium cooling back inoculation contains the bacillus subtilis microbial agent 90g of 100 hundred million units and contains the swamp Rhodopseudomonas microbial inoculum 180g of 100 hundred million units, mixing, carry out trough type fermentation, from each turning of second day morning, noon and afternoon every day once, after pH rises to 7.5, add 1kg calcium superphosphate and the wheat bran of 5kg and the water of 10kg, mixing, inoculation contains the candida utili bacteria agent 90g of 100 hundred million units and contains the lactobacillus acidophilus microbial inoculum 180g of 100 hundred million units, carry out the trough type fermentation second time, for the second time after the inoculation, from each turning of second day morning, noon and afternoon every day of inoculating once, drop at 4.5 o'clock and stop fermentation Deng pH, culture is dried or dry in the shade, pulverize, obtain every gram and contain beneficial bacterium number 〉=20 hundred million an aquatic biological feed finished product.
Embodiment 2
Bacterium chaff 92kg, blue or green chaff 7kg, brown sugar 1kg, lime 0.2kg adds water 80kg, mixing, the pH nature, sterilization forms culture medium.
Above-mentioned culture medium cooling back inoculation contains the bacillus subtilis microbial agent 18g of 500 hundred million units and contains the swamp Rhodopseudomonas microbial inoculum 36g of 500 hundred million units, mixing, carry out trough type fermentation, from each turning of second day morning, noon and afternoon every day once, after pH rises to 7.5, add 1kg calcium superphosphate and the wheat bran of 5kg and the water of 10kg, mixing, inoculation contains the candida utili bacteria agent 18g of 500 hundred million units and contains the lactobacillus acidophilus microbial inoculum 36g of 500 hundred million units, carry out the trough type fermentation second time, for the second time after the inoculation, from each turning of second day morning, noon and afternoon every day of inoculating once, drop at 4.5 o'clock and stop fermentation Deng pH, culture is dried or dry in the shade, pulverize, obtain every gram and contain beneficial bacterium number 〉=20 hundred million an aquatic biological feed finished product.
Embodiment 3
Celebrating Liu family fry field is closed in Shanghai, 15 mu of areas, and in early Febuary, 2006 is used the aquatic biological feed that the foregoing description 1 prepares, and late March can be sold fry as a result.Compare with other family of growing seedlings, early sold fry about 12 days, and the survival rate of fry has improved 15% than former years.
Embodiment 4
Celebrating Lee, Wei, the Zhu Sanjia family of breeding fish is closed in Shanghai, and in late March, 2006 all advances fry from Liu family fry field of embodiment 3.Wherein Lee, Wei two families are before putting fry into, and the aquatic biological feed for preparing with the foregoing description 2 earlier spills the fish pond, put fry again after waiting two days later; Zhu family does not use the fertile fry of just directly putting into.Behind the two weeks, Zhu Jiayu pond fish floating head phenomenon increases, and disease symptoms has appearred in the part fish; And Lee, Wei two chinese carps are active, food does not see that normally fish has symptom in spite of illness.
In by the end of May, 2006, and Lee, Wei, Zhu Sanjia have used the aquatic biological feed that embodiment 1,2 prepares, and breeds fish the stage whole, breeds fish the family relatively with other, the few medication of fish 3-5 time, and every mu of drug cost is saved 180 yuan; Adult fish early went public 20-25 days, and anti-transportation, oppressed delicious U.S., and fishy smell is light.
Claims (7)
1. aquatic biological feed, it is characterized in that: as main active, every gram aquatic biological feed contains the amount of beneficial microbe with beneficial microbe: bacillus subtilis 〉=6 hundred million, swamp Rhodopseudomonas 〉=4 hundred million, candida utili bacterium 〉=6 hundred million, lactobacillus acidophilus 〉=4 hundred million; This aquatic biological feed makes as follows: comprise the fermenting twice process, for the first time sweat is: contain the bigeminy microbial inoculum of bacillus subtilis and swamp Rhodopseudomonas at the edible fungus bran inoculation of medium, ferment behind the mixing; Sweat is for the second time: when the grade in an imperial examination one time fermentation finishes, inoculate the bigeminy microbial inoculum that contains candida utili bacterium and lactobacillus acidophilus, ferment behind the mixing; For the second time after the fermentation ends, culture is dried or dry in the shade, pulverize, obtain the aquatic biological feed finished product.
2. the preparation method of an aquatic biological feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the fermenting twice process, for the first time sweat is: contain the bigeminy microbial inoculum of bacillus subtilis and swamp Rhodopseudomonas at the edible fungus bran inoculation of medium, ferment behind the mixing; Sweat is for the second time: when the grade in an imperial examination one time fermentation finishes, inoculate the bigeminy microbial inoculum that contains candida utili bacterium and lactobacillus acidophilus, ferment behind the mixing; For the second time after the fermentation ends, culture is dried or dry in the shade, pulverize, obtain the aquatic biological feed finished product.
3. the preparation method of aquatic biological feed according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described culture medium at postvaccinal bacteria containing amount is: every gram culture medium contains bacillus subtilis and the candida utili bacterium reaches 0.05 hundred million respectively, and every gram culture medium contains swamp Rhodopseudomonas and lactobacillus acidophilus reaches 0.1 hundred million respectively.
4. the preparation method of aquatic biological feed according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the weight ratio of culture medium ingredient is described in the fermentation for the first time: bacterium chaff 92%, blue or green chaff 7%, brown sugar 1%, lime is a small amount of, adds an amount of water, makes the moisture 50%-55% of culture medium.
5. the preparation method of aquatic biological feed according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the fermentation, on the basis of the fermentation medium first time, add following components by weight proportion: 1% calcium superphosphate for the second time, 5% wheat bran, and low amounts of water makes the moisture 50%-55% of culture medium.
6. the preparation method of aquatic biological feed according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fermenting twice process adopts trough type fermentation.
7. the preparation method of aquatic biological feed according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described first time, the pH value of culture medium was 7.5 during fermentation ends; Described second time, the pH value of culture medium was 4.5 during fermentation ends.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100940040A CN101099543B (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Aquatic biological feed and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100940040A CN101099543B (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Aquatic biological feed and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101099543A CN101099543A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
| CN101099543B true CN101099543B (en) | 2010-11-17 |
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| CN2007100940040A Expired - Fee Related CN101099543B (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Aquatic biological feed and preparation method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101564081B (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2012-12-05 | 上海创博生态工程有限公司 | Production method for producing fish meal replacement products by utilizing fermentation process |
| CN101892157B (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2011-08-17 | 孙廷震 | Composite microbial inoculum for preparing biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101948757B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-07-04 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Composite microbial additive for aquatic products, preparation method thereof and use thereof |
| CN102028103A (en) * | 2010-12-12 | 2011-04-27 | 夏学德 | Microbial bait additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102106491B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2013-03-20 | 海一（厦门）生物科技有限公司 | High-activity biological fermentation feed for prawn and preparation method thereof |
| CN102429127A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-05-02 | 刘爱国 | Aquatic bio-feed |
| CN103005163A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Compound microorganism preparation for aquatic product |
| CN104431390A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-25 | 天津市宏胜源食用菌科技发展有限公司 | Aquaculture feed production method using edible mushroom cultivation wastes |
| CN103719597B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-05-13 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Aquatic organism feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431292A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 靖江哈冠家禽养殖专业合作社 | Process for processing microbial secondary fermentation feed for poultry breeding |
| CN105124170A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-12-09 | 江南大学 | Method for producing forage by using edible fungus chaff |
| CN107549450A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-01-09 | 长沙秋点兵信息科技有限公司 | A kind of biological feedstuff and its production technology |
| CN109329163B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-10-21 | 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 | Production system and production method of modular ecological active bait |
| CN109549025A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-02 | 深圳合民生物科技有限公司 | One seed shrimp feed addictive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101099543A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
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