CN101052481B - 用于生产热轧钢带的生产线及生产方法 - Google Patents

用于生产热轧钢带的生产线及生产方法 Download PDF

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CN101052481B
CN101052481B CN2005800373133A CN200580037313A CN101052481B CN 101052481 B CN101052481 B CN 101052481B CN 2005800373133 A CN2005800373133 A CN 2005800373133A CN 200580037313 A CN200580037313 A CN 200580037313A CN 101052481 B CN101052481 B CN 101052481B
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乔瓦尼·阿尔维迪
L·马尼尼
G·索尔迪
A·T·比安基
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    • B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
    • B21C47/24—Transferring coils to or from winding apparatus or to or from operative position therein; Preventing uncoiling during transfer
    • B21C47/245—Devices for the replacement of full reels by empty reels or vice versa, without considerable loss of time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • C21D9/68—Furnace coilers; Hot coilers
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    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
    • B21B2015/0014—Cutting or shearing the product transversely to the rolling direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B2015/0057—Coiling the rolled product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B21B2015/0064—Uncoiling the rolled product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B21B39/02—Feeding or supporting work; Braking or tensioning arrangements, e.g. threading arrangements
    • B21B39/12—Arrangement or installation of roller tables in relation to a roll stand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/008—Heat shields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于热轧钢带的生产线，所述热轧钢带从用于厚度小于100mm薄板的两条铸造线(a，b)供送，其中仅一条铸造线(a)对准精轧机(g)，所述生产线包括了两对带有心轴的可转动加热炉(A1，A2；B1，B2)，所述加热炉分别各在一条铸造线上，在第一对加热炉(A1，A2)之间具有一个中间旁通区(d)，容许在位于下游的精轧机(g)中进行无头轧制。在铸造线(b)上的第二对加热炉(B1，B2)可以沿着路径(k)从上述铸造线转移到轧制线，反过来也可以用于生产单根带材。另外在精轧机(g)上游设有一个感应炉(f)。本发明还公开了相应的生产方法。

Description

用于生产热轧钢带的生产线及生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及了一条制造超薄热轧钢带的生产线以及相应的生产方法，所述生产线包括两条薄板的铸造线和单个无头操作的轧制线，即不中断连续性的操作。
背景技术
对于热轧钢带的制造，已知采用了薄板设备，其容许两条铸造线和一个轧机相互连接，但从来没有可能连续轧制产品来得到超薄带材。
在已知的具有两条铸造线的薄板设备中，轧机位于两条铸造线的中间，它通过一个“卷材箱”与两条铸造线连接，在卷材箱内部，依靠“步进”或“摆动梁”系统每次把卷绕在其自身上的预带材输送到轧机。因此不可避免地对轧机的供送要中断，在连续性不中断的情况下，不能进行无头轧制，这从如图1所示的该现有技术可以清楚地看出。
从具有单轧机的两条铸造线生产热轧带材的第二种办法提供两个长的隧道式加热炉，每个加热炉与相应的铸造线对准，并且仅一个加热炉与轧机对准，其中与单个卷材相应的单个板材在上述加热炉内加热。两个加热炉均有形成一个单独段的端部，其可以从一条线移动到另一条线，并且具有足够的长度来完全包含与一个卷材相应的一段板材。因此也可以轧制与轧制线未对准的第二铸造线上的板材。但是，从技术方面看仍存在无头轧制操作上的问题，这是由于在进入轧机时具有与铸造速度相同的过低速度，并且还具有在加热炉内要处理约300米长的单个板材的技术问题。图2示意地表示了这个办法。
本申请人的EP 1196256公开了在一个生产超薄带材的系统中采用两条铸造线，其与位于中心的一个轧机连接，从四个加热炉送进带材，加热炉具有容许预带材卷绕/展开的内部心轴，能够同时向轧机所在的中心区转动和移动。但是这个办法也不能得到真正“无头”的轧制操作，因为轧机与两条铸造线中的任何一条铸造线均不同轴，由此总是需要加热炉从那里移动到轧机。另外，四个加热炉的“转移-旋转和接着返回”的循环所需时间非常狭窄和苛刻，特别是在伴随着对轧机的干预的情况下更是如此，如在铸造过程中更换轧机，这是因为在任何情形下需要卷绕至少重50吨的预带材来降低循环时间的狭窄程度。结果是，从成本观点看，设备的尺寸会变得过大，相关的设备系统变得非常复杂和笨重。
对于本申请人的WO94/29042，也进行了同样的考虑，根据这种考虑，展开单元相对于两条铸造线相互错开，其与EP1196256的唯一区别在于只有心轴、而不是整个加热炉能够移动，卷材缠绕在所述心轴。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一条生产线，通过克服现有技术的缺点，容许从两条铸造线制造热轧钢带，这就带来另一种能够选择无头轧制的可能性，即没有任何中断的轧制，所述无头轧制只由一条铸造线进行，即从与轧制线对准的铸造线进行。相似地，本发明的另一个目的是提供制造热轧超薄钢带的方法，其中对来自两条不同铸造线的产品，可相对于单根带材进行产品的轧制，对来自上述一条线的产品，可在连续性不中断的情况下进行轧制。
已经发现，用一条铸造线对准轧机并且使得在预带材在其出口处的厚度小于30mm，预带材可以直接传送到最终的轧制工序，采用上述现有技术的系统则不能实现这一点。在第一(图1)和第三(EP1196256)种情形中，实际上来自铸造线的预带材具有适合无头轧制的速度，但轧机与两条线均不对准，而在第二情形(图2)中，轧机与两条铸造线之一对准，但存在连续性的中断，这是因为依次输送到轧机的板材均相应于一个单卷，由此相互分离。
本发明的另一个目的是解决上述现有技术所特有的时间要求苛刻的问题，这是由于仅输送一对加热炉，容许有充分的时间范围来进行常规或应急维修的经常性操作。
本发明还有一个目的是通过采用叠加的加热炉，有可能更安全地管理相互连接的两条铸造线，加热炉设有内部心轴，能够生产至少每年二百万吨热轧钢带，同时，进行制造厚度小于1mm薄带的无头轧制。
本发明的又一个目的是降低了在除氧化皮工序中的温度损失，其是通过使得进入加热炉的温度低于现有技术预计的约1100℃(约为900℃)的操作实现的，该操作减少在加热炉内卷绕/展开工序中和轧机入口辊和出口辊之间产生氧化铁皮和相关问题，如在带材本身可能有的氧化铁皮痕。
本发明提供了一种用于生产热轧钢带的生产线，其包括：用于生产厚度＜100mm的薄板坯的第一铸造线和第二铸造线，其中仅第一铸造线对准轧制线，所述轧制线包括辊式输送机和精轧机；两对相互叠加的第一加热炉和第二加热炉，其中一对第一加热炉位于第一铸造线上，另一对第二加热炉位于第二铸造线上，每个加热炉均设有内部心轴，以对厚度小于30mm并通过切割来生产的预带材卷绕/展开，所述第二铸造线上的第二加热炉可以运动，并可以沿着横向路径(k)传送到所述第一铸造线，并返回所述第二铸造线，所述横向路径用于从所述第二铸造线将所述第二加热炉转移到所述第一铸造线来生产单根带材；在所述第一铸造线上位于所述第一加热炉之间的旁通区，用于通过辊式输送机将未被切断的预带材连续供送到精轧机；感应炉，其设置在所述第一铸造线上所述第一加热炉的下游和所述精轧机的紧上游。
本发明还提供了一种由上述生产线生产超薄热轧钢带的方法，该方法包括：液芯压下工序和接下来的粗轧工序，从而得到厚度小于30mm的预带材；在第一铸造线上将连续预带材供送到设置在所述第一铸造线上第一加热炉之间的旁通区，然后到达辊式输送机和精轧工序，以生产厚度小于1.0mm的超薄带材；或者切割预带材，在第一铸造线上将预带材卷绕在第一加热炉上，在第二铸造线上将预带材卷绕在第二加热炉上，在第二铸造线上沿横向路径将所述第二加热炉移动到所述第一铸造线上，从而使所述第二加热炉与轧制线对准，并使所述第二加热炉返回第二铸造线，从而将展开的预带材传送到辊式输送机，再到达感应炉、精轧机，以生产厚度从1.0mm到12.0mm的单根带材。
附图说明
参照附图，本发明的这些和其他目的、优点和特点通过由一个非限制性例子给出的一条生产线和相关方法的描述将会变得更清楚，其中：
图1和2是从两条铸造线制造热轧超薄钢带的两个系统的两个示意性平面视图；
图3示意地表示了按照本发明的一条生产线的侧视图；
图4以连续视图表示了在不利用无头轧制系统时，图3设备中四个加热炉的卷绕-展开-轧制循环的工序和顺序。
具体实施方式
参照图3，用a，b表示两条薄板材铸造线，液芯压下和直接轧制(粗轧)工序与之连接，如在EP 1196256中所公开的那样。每条铸造线之后具有一个切断预带材的剪切机c，c’，其在准备进行单根带材生产时操作，预带材供送到设有内部心轴的两对相应的供气加热炉，所述内部心轴为属于线a的A1，A2和属于线b的B1，B2。已经知道，上述加热炉能够在它们轴线上移动和转动，以保证从相应上游线接收预带材并且预带材前进到下游的精轧机g，所述加热炉相互叠加，在卷绕和展开操作的过程中，其心轴在垂直平面上相互平行。一个旁通区d设在线a上的第一对加热炉的A1，A2之间，容许未被剪切机c切断的连续预带材在隔热辊式输送机e之后在上述轧机g中进行无头轧制，作为第一种类型的操作。
当然，采用这个系统也可以进行单根带材的轧制操作。为此，具有心轴B1，B2的一对加热炉相对于与轧机g对准的线a交错，所述加热炉可以移向该线(特别是替代辊式输送机e，其也可移动但朝着相反方向移动)并且沿路径k返回到初始位置，设有用于该运动的装置。整个系统包括在辊式输送机e下游和精轧机g上游的感应加热炉f，精轧机g之后接着有紧凑的快速冷却装置h；带材到所需重量时用于切割带材的飞剪机i；用于不中断连续性的无头轧制的转盘式卷筒l；用于传送到冷却喷水器的辊式输送机m；以及用于最后卷绕不连续地来自两条铸造线的产品的地下卷曲机n。
参照图4，用图形表示了卷绕在两对加热炉A1，A2和B1，B2上的预带材卷，以及用直线箭头示意地表示的路径k(而弯曲箭头代表加热炉B1和B2在其自身转动时其轴线的转动方向)，指出了每当无头轧制系统不运转时，四个加热炉的卷绕-展开-轧制循环的工序和顺序。更确切地说，在图4a中，说明了加热炉A1所含的带材处于轧制状态，示意地用箭头FM表示向着“精轧机”g的方向。图4b表示了下一工序，其中加热炉A1的所有产品已经轧制，随后卷材的预带材仍卷绕在加热炉A2内并处于轧制中，同时已经沿着精轧线移动的加热炉B1所含带材已经完成了它的卷绕，而由线b供送的另一卷材正在加热炉B2中形成。在图4c中，现在同时完全卷绕的加热炉A2的预带材卷供送到精轧机，而现在空的加热炉B1已经又返回到它的初始位置，加热炉B2已经几乎完成了它的供送，如图4d所示，它的卷材在沿着路径k移动时位于轧制线上，而A1中的卷材几乎完全卷绕，准备重新开始图4a状态的循环，A2为空的并且B1开始在线b上卷绕一个新卷。
从上述得到，仅通过一对加热炉的传送，与EP 1196256提供的方案相比，已如前面所指出，得到了有宽裕时间范围的优点。
另外，在精轧机的入口处，感应炉f位于带有心轴的加热炉的下游而不是如EP 1196256所公开的在上述加热炉的上游，产生约900℃的温度而不是铸造和粗轧线下游的1100℃。此外，在感应炉f中加热的过程中，发生材料的再氧化，它使得在先前“铸造轧制”工序中形成的氧化皮再次出现，优点是有可能用较低水压和水量除去氧化皮，同时提高了带材的表面质量。
预带材厚度小于30mm，并且为了保持可动加热炉B1和B2中的卷重在容许极限内，甚至可以达到低于15mm。采用两对带有心轴的加热炉，当从两条铸造线a和b制造单根带材时，轧制的带材厚度可以在1.0mm和12mm之间。然而，仅采用对准轧机g的铸造线a，也可能连续得到厚度小于1.0mm的超薄带材。
应该注意到，相对于在利用薄板技术的传统“微轧机”中流行的情形，低的除氧化皮压力和减少的水量涉及到在预带材中温度损失的减少，这是可能生产厚度小于1.0mm的超薄带材的必要条件。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于生产热轧钢带的生产线，其包括：
-用于生产厚度＜100mm的薄板坯的第一铸造线(a)和第二铸造线(b)，其中仅第一铸造线(a)对准轧制线，所述轧制线包括辊式输送机(e)和精轧机(g)；
-两对相互叠加的第一加热炉(A1，A2)和第二加热炉(B1，B2)，其中一对第一加热炉(A1，A2)位于第一铸造线(a)上，另一对第二加热炉(B1，B2)位于第二铸造线(b)上，每个加热炉均设有内部心轴，以对厚度小于30mm并通过切割来生产的预带材卷绕/展开，所述第二铸造线(b)上的第二加热炉(B1，B2)可以运动，并可以沿着横向路径(k)传送到所述第一铸造线(a)，并返回所述第二铸造线(b)，所述横向路径(k)用于从所述第二铸造线(b)将所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)转移到所述第一铸造线(a)来生产单根带材；
-在所述第一铸造线(a)上位于所述第一加热炉(A1，A2)之间的旁通区(d)，用于通过辊式输送机(e)将未被切断的预带材连续供送到精轧机(g)；
-感应炉(f)，其设置在所述第一铸造线(a)上所述第一加热炉(A1，A2)的下游和所述精轧机(g)的紧上游。
2.按照权利要求1所述的生产线，其特征在于：在带有心轴的所述第一加热炉(A1，A2)和所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)的上游，在第一铸造线(a)和第二铸造线(b)的每一个上都包括一个相应的剪切机(c，c’)，其中，两个剪切机都可以被操作为在不连续轧制生产中对预带材进行可能的切割。
3.按照权利要求1所述的生产线，其特征在于：在精轧机(g)的下游包括一个飞剪机(i)，其可操作为在无头生产中达到卷材重量的预定值时将轧制好的带材切断。
4.按照权利要求1所述的生产线，其特征在于：在所述旁通区(d)的下游设有与所述轧制线(e，g)对准的隔热的辊式输送机。
5.按照权利要求2所述的生产线，其特征在于：包括用于沿着所述横向路径(k)转移所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)的装置，该转移过程与从所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)和所述第一加热炉(A1，A2)的产品的轧制工序同步。
6.按照权利要求1所述的生产线，其特征在于：所述辊式输送机(e)可相对于所述第一铸造线(a)和精轧机(g)沿横向移动，所述横向与所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)的转移路径(k)相对。
7.一种由按照权利要求1所述的生产线生产超薄热轧钢带的方法，该方法包括：
-液芯压下工序和接下来的粗轧工序，从而得到厚度小于30mm的预带材；并且
-在第一铸造线(a)上将连续预带材供送到设置在所述第一铸造线(a)上第一加热炉(A1，A2)之间的旁通区(d)，然后到达辊式输送机(e)和精轧工序(g)，以生产厚度小于1.0mm的超薄带材；
-或者切割预带材，在第一铸造线(a)上将预带材卷绕在第一加热炉(A1，A2)上，在第二铸造线(b)上将预带材卷绕在第二加热炉(B1，B2)上，在第二铸造线(b)上沿横向路径(k)将所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)移动到所述第一铸造线(a)上，从而使所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)与轧制线(e，g)对准，并使所述第二加热炉(B1，B2)返回第二铸造线(b)，从而将展开的预带材传送到辊式输送机(e)，再到达感应炉(f)、精轧机(g)，以生产厚度从1.0mm到12.0mm的单根带材。
8.按照权利要求7所述的生产方法，其特征在于：在所述第一加热炉和第二加热炉处的传送工序和所述精轧工序之间还包括一个感应加热工序。
9.按照权利要求7或8所述的生产方法，其特征在于：相应于用于生产单根带材的卷绕，预带材在铸造线结束处的温度约为900℃。
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