CN101045644A - 制造缎面光表面的方法 - Google Patents

制造缎面光表面的方法 Download PDF

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CN101045644A
CN101045644A CNA2007100897055A CN200710089705A CN101045644A CN 101045644 A CN101045644 A CN 101045644A CN A2007100897055 A CNA2007100897055 A CN A2007100897055A CN 200710089705 A CN200710089705 A CN 200710089705A CN 101045644 A CN101045644 A CN 101045644A
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polished surface
satin finish
polished
microflute
laser
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CN101045644B (zh
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F·贝森
S·鲍查德
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Comadur SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/355—Texturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
    • B23K26/389—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring of fluid openings, e.g. nozzles, jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/221—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising by thermic methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/0036—Laser treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/22—Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/24—Ablative recording, e.g. by burning marks; Spark recording
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在零件上制造缎面光表面的方法，所述零件包括至少一个被抛光的表面，其由维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料制成，所述方法主要包括以下步骤：取该零件的支架和脉冲激光器，其能够彼此相对地在XY平面内相对运动；使所述被抛光的表面局部暴露于激光器脉冲，使用足够的能量以引起被抛光的表面局部熔融，使得形成微坑；重复该激光器脉冲，同时使该物件相对于该激光器相对运动，从而示踪在被抛光的表面上的微槽，其是通过校准若干相继部分重叠的微槽形成的，该微槽基本上彼此平行且等距，并且共同限定了该缎面光表面。

Description

制造缎面光表面的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及微观技术领域。更具体地说，本发明涉及局部修饰由硬质材料制成的零件的方法。“硬质材料”是指维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料。
背景技术
陶瓷如氧化锆ZrO2或者氧化铝Al2O3和硬质材料通常被广泛用于钟表制造业以制造出防划伤的表壳和表带。这些零件的表面状态通常是被抛光的，这使得该零件显现出有光泽的外观。上述零件的机械缎面光(mechanical satin finishing)是不便的，因为它们非常坚硬，使得它们难以进行机加工。此外，上述机械缎面光不允许进行图案制作，因为缎面光被施用于整个表面。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种局部缎面光由硬质材料(尤其是陶瓷)制成的零件的方法，使得可以在该表面上进行图案制作。
更具体地说，本发明涉及一种在零件上获得缎面光表面(satinfinish surface)的方法，该零件包括至少一个被抛光的表面，所述零件由维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料制成，所述方法主要包括以下步骤：
-取该零件的支架和脉冲激光器，其能够彼此相对地在XY平面内相对运动，
-使所述被抛光的表面局部暴露于激光器脉冲，使用足够的能量以引起被抛光的表面的局部熔融，使得形成微坑(micro-crater)，
-重复该激光器脉冲，同时使该物件(piece)相对于该激光器相对运动，从而示踪在被抛光的表面上的微槽，其是通过校准(alignment)若干相继部分重叠的微槽形成的，该微槽基本上彼此平行且等距，并且共同限定了该缎面光表面。
本发明还涉及一种由维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料制成的零件，该零件包括被抛光的表面，该表面具有由于存在基本上彼此平行且等距的微槽而造成的局部缎面光外观。
附图说明
图1为经本发明方法处理的零件表面的扫描电子显微镜照片。
具体实施方式
在阅读以下实例性实施本发明方法的描述时，其它特征将变得更加明了，所述描述将参考所附附图进行，该附图补充描述了通过本发明方法处理的零件的缎面光表面状态。
由着色的氧化锆ZrO2制成的零件被用于本发明方法。着色的氧化锆是指这样的氧化锆氧化物ZrO2，其掺杂有氧化钇、钙、镁或钪以使氧化锆稳定，并且包含金属氧化物。在本方法的变体中，可以使用另一种陶瓷或陶瓷金属，例如氧化铝Al2O3、碳化钛TiC或适于制造机械零件的任何其它陶瓷或金属陶瓷。例如，该零件是表壳或手链(braceletlink)。它包括至少一个通过本领域技术人员已知的方法被抛光的表面。
本发明的方法在于使用激光器局部照射该物件的被抛光的表面。为了做到这一点，在激光器光束的路径上，将该零件放置在支架上。激光器在XY平面内运动并且通过计算机控制它的运动。激光器是Nd:YAG脉冲型的，光泵(optically pumped)，波长为1.06μm，光学强度为75W。以q开关方式使用该激光器。束点尺寸是100μm，脉冲频率是20-40kHz，脉冲宽度是11μs。扫描速率大约500-800mm/s。选择图案并通过合适的软件将其转换为一系列激光器运动命令。这样，通过激光器光束扫描零件的表面而形成所选的图案。
用扫描电子显微镜拍摄如此被处理的零件的表面，照片示于图1中。通过激光器脉冲的作用和局部提供了充足的能量，被照射的表面局部熔融并且形成了直径大约为50μm的微坑10。与激光器运动相结合的连续脉冲示踪了基本上直线的微槽12，其是通过校准部分重叠的相继的微坑10而形成的。人们注意到在微槽12的中心，微坑10基本上是等距的。微槽12本身基本上相互平行，基本上等距并且部分叠置。它们共同限定了在显微尺度上的有序(organised)粗糙度的表面。在宏观尺度上，该表面具有特别吸引人的缎面光，这是由于存在基本上平行且等距的显微结构造成的。在被抛光的表面和通过激光器缎面光的表面之间的对比形成了所选择的图案。
应该注意到本发明不局限于刚才所述的实例性实施方案，各种简单改变和变体能够在不背离由所附权利要求限定的本发明范围的情况下由本领域技术人员想到。
特别地，在所述的局部缎面光方法中，凹坑10被大大重叠。在该方法的一种变体中，它们可以轻微重叠，同时保持校准以便形成微槽12。此外，微槽可以并列或者甚至彼此略微间隔，同时保持基本上平行和等距。缎面光外观将保持不变。

Claims (6)

1.一种在零件上制造缎面光表面的方法，所述零件包括至少一个被抛光的表面，该零件由维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料制成，所述方法主要包括以下步骤：
-取所述零件的支架和脉冲激光器，其能够彼此相对地在XY平面内相对运动，
-使所述被抛光的表面局部暴露于所述激光器的脉冲，使用足够的能量以引起被抛光的表面局部熔融，使得形成微坑(10)，
-重复所述激光器脉冲，同时使所述物件相对于所述激光器相对运动，从而示踪在所述被抛光的表面上的微槽(12)，其是通过校准若干相继部分重叠的微槽(10)形成的，所述微槽(12)基本上彼此平行且等距，并且共同限定了所述缎面光表面。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征为控制所述激光器相对于所述物件的相对运动，使得所述缎面光表面形成与所述被抛光表面对比的图案。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征为所述材料是陶瓷材料。
4.根据权利要求3的方法，其特征为所述陶瓷材料是金属氧化物。
5.由维氏硬度大于1000HV的材料制成的零件，其包括被抛光的表面，该被抛光的表面局部显示出由于存在基本上彼此平行且等距的微槽(12)而造成的缎面光。
6.根据权利要求5的零件，其特征为通过校准部分重叠且基本上等距的微坑(10)形成所述微槽(12)。
CN2007100897055A 2006-03-28 2007-03-27 制造缎面光表面的方法 Active CN101045644B (zh)

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EP06111851.9 2006-03-28
EP06111851A EP1840108B1 (fr) 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Procédé de réalisation d'une surface satinée

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EP (1) EP1840108B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2007261266A (zh)
KR (1) KR20070097314A (zh)
CN (1) CN101045644B (zh)
AT (1) ATE474821T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE602006015602D1 (zh)
HK (1) HK1110300A1 (zh)

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JP2007261266A (ja) 2007-10-11
EP1840108A1 (fr) 2007-10-03
DE602006015602D1 (de) 2010-09-02
CN101045644B (zh) 2013-03-13
HK1110300A1 (en) 2008-07-11
EP1840108B1 (fr) 2010-07-21
US20070228012A1 (en) 2007-10-04
ATE474821T1 (de) 2010-08-15
KR20070097314A (ko) 2007-10-04

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