CN101040723A - Tobacco slice high-activity bio-enzyme regulator and method for improving the quality of the tobacco slice - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tobacco leaf quality biological enzyme composite adjuster and a biological enzyme adjuster for improving tobacco leaf quality and a relative method. The biological enzyme adjuster is made from preparing microbe composite enzymes which contains amylase, prolease, cellulose and pectic enzyme with polyzyme activity adjuster. The inventive biological enzyme adjuster can treat the low-quality tobacco leaf before and later initial bake, different from general enzyme liquid, to significantly improve the tobacco leaf quality whose total sugar, protein, nitrogen, nicotine and Smuco value are all improved, with increased volatile and semi-volatile smell components. Tests have proved that the invention can improve 1-2 levels of low-quality tobacco leaf, with simple process and low cost.

Description

The method of a kind of tobacco leaf high-activity bio-enzyme regulator and raising quality of tobacco thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to biological enzyme technology, a kind of more precisely high-activity bio-enzyme regulator and use high-activity bio-enzyme regulator improve the method for quality of tobacco.

Background technology

The quality of raw tobacco material is the key factor of decision cigarette quality, and biology enzyme plays key effect in tobacco leaf modulation and sweat.In tobacco processing course, the general new tobacco leaf of results then can not be directly used in the manufacturing cigarette, must be through drying and fermentation, be to impel the variation of inherent chemical composition conversion and physical property in the tobacco leaf order of fermentation.At present the fermentation process that uses mainly contains spontaneous fermentation and artificial fermentation, and so-called spontaneous fermentation is meant the new cigarette after drying, leaves in the certain condition environment, and owing to the natural conditions variation, the inherent composition of tobacco leaf changes, and the shortcoming in the quality improves gradually.The artificial fermentation is for the acceleration tobacco leaf chemical composition transforms, and tobacco leaf is placed manually operated uniform temperature, and under the condition of temperature, the commentaries on classics of the color and luster of tobacco leaf is dark, gloss is dark slightly, and blue foreign smell is eliminated substantially, and cigarette is fragrant to improve with inhaling to distinguish the flavor of.Compare with spontaneous fermentation, cigarette matter is similar, but the time shortens greatly.The problem that these two kinds of methods exist is, all is to utilize in the tobacco leaf catalytic action of self contained enzyme and the series of chemical of carrying out.And the enzyme protein that to be the tobacco leaf living cells produce, non-refractory, therefore, quite a few has lost activity tobacco leaf in drying process, and in addition, a kind of enzyme can only catalysis one class or a kind of biochemical reaction of material.Do not contain decomposition all enzymes in the tobacco leaf to the unfavorable composition of quality of tobacco.Cellulose in the tobacco leaf, the wooden grade of hemicellulose pectin is the main chemical compositions that influences cigarette matter in the carbohydrate, and content is many more, and the quality of tobacco leaf is poor more.These polymeric carbohydrates in drying and sweat, are difficult to decompose, and transform.And, the relative percentage composition of the cellulose substances in the tobacco leaf after the fermentation is increased on the contrary because other organic decomposition content reduces.Discarded tobacco leaf particularly, monose, disaccharide content seldom, the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin is higher, and albumen quality is often also higher in the discarded tobacco leaf, therefore, make comparison can reflect that the chemical index-Schmucks value (ratio of sugar and protein) of cigarette matter is very low; Cause discarded tobacco leaf to have the strong impulse flavor, blue foreign smell is very heavy, and it is pungent to inhale flavor, and puckery mouthful, the tongue that stagnates, the fragrance of tobacco leaf can not appear.

Quality of tobacco is directly related with its inherent composition, and the carbohydrate in the tobacco leaf accounts for 2/3 of dry weight in new fresh tobacco leaf, and mainly by monose, disaccharide and polysaccharide constitute.What of monose in the tobacco leaf are one of important symbols of quality of tobacco quality, particularly flue-cured tobacco.Disaccharide in the tobacco leaf, through drying and fermentation, major part has become monose.Monose and disaccharide all are water-soluble sugars, and in the ordinary course of things, water-soluble sugar content is high more in the tobacco leaf, and quality of tobacco is good more.But too high levels also can change into unfavorable factor.What the polyoses content in the tobacco leaf was the highest is starch and cellulose, also has hemicellulose, pectin and wooden etc., and the major part in drying and sweat of the starch in the tobacco leaf becomes monose and disaccharide, but still has the starch of certain content.Cellulose is the primary structure composition of tobacco leaf cell membrane, and it is the same with starch, be several ten thousand so that hundreds of thousands glucose molecule shrink and form.Be that with the difference of starch cellulosic molecule is that β-1.4 glycosidic bond that passes through is fitly arranged glucose molecule, structure is than firm many of starch, degree of crystallinity is very high, and, around cellulosic molecule, the binder course that also has hemicellulose and lignin to form is firm surrounds cellulosic molecule, makes cellulosic decomposition many than the starch difficulty.

Pectin also is polymeric carbohydrate, play a part bonding cell membrane, elasticity to tobacco leaf, moisture pick-up properties has certain influence, usually contain 12% pectin in the tobacco leaf, decomposition is arranged in drying sweat slightly, pectin content is many more in the tobacco leaf, quality of tobacco is poor more, contain methyl alcohol in the pectic substance structure, methyl alcohol is extremely toxic substance, and adult's suction 8 gram methyl alcohol can cause loses the sight of both eyes, if suck 100 grams, can cause life danger, during smoking, the methyl alcohol that enters in the flue gas almost can all be absorbed by organ and work the mischief.Nitrogen-containing compound in the tobacco leaf mainly is a protein, and suitable protein content can increase cigarette and inhale flavor, and protein content is too high can to produce the strong impulse flavor, and the quality of tobacco leaf increases with Protein content and reduces.

In the tobacco processing course, especially, lack the compound conditioning agent of a kind of high activity quality of tobacco biology enzyme at present, be used for improving inherent quality of tobacco leaf and particularly improve the discarded tobacco leaf inherent quality at modulation and alcoholization fermenting step.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention provides a kind of compound conditioning agent of efficient quality of tobacco biology enzyme and using method thereof that improves inherent quality of tobacco leaf.

Utilization of the present invention contains the microbial compound enzyme preparation processing processing tobacco leaf of the multienzyme system of multienzyme active regulator, amylase, protease, cellulase and pectase, become the macromolecular compound decomposition and inversion that in common tobacco fermentation process, is difficult to decompose tobacco leaf particularly to lack in the discarded tobacco leaf, help improving the monosaccharide of quality of tobacco, organic acid, volatility and half volatile flavor component.

What the polyoses content in the tobacco leaf was the highest is starch and cellulose, also have hemicellulose, pectin and wooden etc., the starch in the tobacco leaf is under diastatic effect, through ovennodulation and alcoholization sweat, the overwhelming majority becomes water-soluble monose and disaccharide, to increase the content of water-soluble sugar.For discarded tobacco leaf, processing by kind of cellulase complex enzyme is handled, reduced the content of cellulose that influences quality of tobacco, increased the glucide that helps improving cigarette matter, thereby the Schmucks value (ratio of sugar and protein) of reflection cigarette matter index is improved.Pectin hydrolysis under the catalytic action of pectase, methyl alcohol can be removed.Handle tobacco leaf with the complex enzyme processing that is contained in pectin, not only can improve the tobacco leaf smell, and to ensureing that the healthy of smoker plays an important role.

Content owing to sugar in the discarded tobacco leaf is very low, and protein content is higher again, makes Schmucks value often very low.With protease protein is decomposed, reduced Protein content, thereby also can improve Schmucks value.Promote the raising of cigarette matter.

Thereby improved active ingredient ratio in the tobacco leaf by the compound conditioning agent of biology enzyme, improve the inherent quality of tobacco leaf, and the simple cost of technology has been low.

Embodiment of the present invention is for being to utilize starch-containing enzyme, protease, cellulase, the microbial compound enzyme of the plurality of enzymes system of pectase and the biologic product that multienzyme active regulator compatibility forms, be used for handling discarded tobacco leaf, be different from other simple method, have the effect that improves inherent quality of tobacco leaf significantly, the tobacco leaf total reducing sugar after the processing with enzyme liquid processing tobacco leaf, gross protein, total nitrogen, nicotine, Schmucks value all have improvement, and volatility and half volatile flavor component obviously increase.Test factually with smoking result and know, adopt the method, handle just roasting front and back discarded tobacco leaf, inherent quality can improve the 1-2 grade.This method technology is simple, and cost is low.

The specific embodiment

The bio-enzyme regulator Main Ingredients and Appearance is; Contain multienzyme active regulator and amylase, the microbial compound enzyme preparation of the multienzyme system of protease, cellulase, pectase; Key problem in technology is the multienzyme active regulator, the multienzyme active regulator by sylvite, sodium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salts is organic is composited.

Its treatment process: (1) is by the commercially available various enzyme semifinished products of 1-1.5% weighing of pending tobacco leaf, add 8-10 times of water, add the multienzyme active regulator, making its equilibrium concentration is 0.01mol/L-0.02mol/L, at room temperature soak 2-4 hour centrifugal after, get clear liquid and make.

(2),, toast modulation after 2 hours with the direct foliage spray of above-mentioned made liquor for new fresh tea picking;

(3) for the tobacco leaf that carries out redrying, be sprayed onto on the humidifying tobaccos with above-mentioned made liquor, be 60-70% in humidity, temperature is under the 30-50 ℃ of condition, carries out enzyme digestion reaction 18-24 hour.

Claims (3)

1. high-activity bio-enzyme regulator that is used to handle tobacco leaf, it is characterized in that the Main Ingredients and Appearance of preparation is: the multienzyme that contains multienzyme active regulator, amylase, protease, cellulase and pectase is the microbial compound enzyme preparation.

2. according to the described high-activity bio-enzyme regulator of claim 1, it is characterized in that described multienzyme active regulator by sylvite, sodium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salts is organic is composited.

3. a high-activity bio-enzyme regulator improves the method for quality of tobacco, and this method comprises the following steps:

(1) by the commercially available various enzyme semifinished products of 1-1.5% weighing of pending tobacco leaf, add 8-10 times of water, add the multienzyme active regulator, equilibrium concentration is 0.01mol/L-0.02mol/L, at room temperature soak 2-4 hour centrifugal after, get clear liquid and make;

(2),, toast modulation after 2 hours with the direct foliage spray of above-mentioned made liquor for new fresh tea picking;

(3) for the tobacco leaf that carries out redrying, be sprayed onto on the humidifying tobaccos with above-mentioned made liquor, be 60-70% in humidity, temperature is under the 30-50 ℃ of condition, carries out enzyme digestion reaction 18-24 hour.