CN103462212B - Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid - Google Patents

Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid Download PDF

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CN103462212B
CN103462212B CN201310400625.2A CN201310400625A CN103462212B CN 103462212 B CN103462212 B CN 103462212B CN 201310400625 A CN201310400625 A CN 201310400625A CN 103462212 B CN103462212 B CN 103462212B
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tobacco leaf
tobacco
tobacco leaves
humidity
temperature
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CN103462212A (en
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龙章德
田兆福
张晓鸣
黎新钦
林顺顺
韦建玉
宋诗清
李小兰
白家峰
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China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid and belongs to the field of tobacco processing. The method includes: spraying, by weight of that of treated tobacco leaves, 0.05%-0.1% of xylanase solution (pH=8.0) onto surfaces of the tobacco leaves prior to placing the tobacco leaves at the temperature ranging from 55 DEG C to 60 DEG C and the humidity of 50-60% in an enclosed environment for 4-10 hours; then spraying, by weight of that of the treated tobacco leaves, 0.1%-0.4% of acid protease solution (pH=3.5) onto the surfaces of the tobacco leaves and subjecting the tobacco leaves to stored-leaves enzymolysis for 3-6 hours at the temperature ranging from 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C and the humidity of 50-60%; adding, by weight of that of the treated tobacco leaves, 2.0%-4.0% of the glucose and 0.5%-1.0% of the citric acid for leaves storage for 5-8 hours in an environment at the temperature ranging from 20 DEG C to 30 DEG C and the humidity of 50-60%, drying the tobacco leaves for 3-10 minutes at the temperature ranging from 110 DEG C to 150 DEG C, and keeping flowing of air and turning of the tobacco leaves to further remove offensive odor and stimulus in the low-grade raw tobacco leaves; placing the well-treated tobacco leaves in an environment of a constant temperature and humidity chamber 22 DEG C in temperature and 60% in humidity for balancing for more than 48 hours till moisture content is equilibrium to 12%, and shredding prior to packing the tobacco leaves. By the method, tobacco smoke strength, the stimulus and the offensive odor can be lowered, pureness and mildness can be enhanced, and aroma can be harmonized.

Description

A kind of method improving quality of tobacco by adding enzyme preparation and glucose and citric acid
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method improving quality of tobacco by adding enzyme preparation and glucose and combined citric acid high-temperature process, both belonging to tobacco leaf processing field, and also belonging to biological enzyme formulation field.
Technical background
Reduced sugar in tobacco in carbohydrate affects one of jealous main chemical compositions of tobacco, and sugared content is high within the specific limits, and quality of tobacco is good, but sugar content is too high or too low, all unfavorable to quality of tobacco; The thermal decomposition product of nitrogen-containing compound (representing with nitrogen pool) when cigarette burns and sucks generally in alkalescence, and has strong impulse and pungent burnt bitter taste more; Appropriate nicotine can meet the physiological requirements of smoker, but too high levels, and flue gas strength is large, increases excitant.Therefore, they have important effect to the quality improving tobacco product.By finding mainly to have the following disadvantages to the sense organ suction of tangerine on Shaoyang, Hunan two (B2F) raw tobacco material: excitant is large, and strength is comparatively large, and flue gas concentration is comparatively large, and aroma quality is medium, and assorted gas is large, and pleasant impression is poor.Just because of above deficiency, it is caused to be difficult to be applied to tobacco leaf formulation.Find the base chemical composition analysis of tangerine on Shaoyang two (B2F) raw tobacco material further, the content of Water-soluble Total Sugar and reduced sugar is on the low side, and content is respectively 13.10% and 12.31%; Protein content is higher, and content is 7.12%; Total nicotine content higher 3.96%; Sugar alkali ratio is 3.31, obviously on the low side.Therefore, under the guidance of basic chemical composition analysis result, carry out upgrading process for Shaoyang B2F raw tobacco material excitant and the large feature of strength, this rises in value significant for its application limitation of solution and upgrading.
In tobacco industry, the method reducing tobacco leaf suction excitant and strength has flavoring and casing method, method of chemical treatment and biotransformation method.Modal in biotransformation method is use cellulase treatment tobacco leaf, and cellulase treatment tobacco leaf is the important method improving cigarette quality, and it has technique simply, does not need the advantage such as the specific conditions such as HTHP, pollution-free material discharge-ring border.Cellulase treatment tobacco leaf is all utilize complex enzyme to carry out both at home and abroad at present.Because different tobacco leaves has different inherent constituent contents and different tobacco leaves to suck style, many tobacco leaves change original style after complex enzyme process, even add exogenous impurity.This compatibility for different tobacco leaf and maintenance cigarette brand characteristic are very disadvantageous, bring difficulty to compatibility and maintenance cigarette brand characteristic.The method of therefore screening enzyme preparation and the process tobacco leaf thereof that can improve quality of tobacco and shortening alcoholization phase under the prerequisite keeping original tabacco fragrance style is of great significance.In addition, Shaoyang, Hunan B2F raw tobacco material through the independent undertreatment of enzyme to provide enough flavor precursors, reduce the excitant of flue gas and assorted gas, therefore need to add reduced sugar and citric acid according to the inharmonic feature of sugared alkali ratio of raw tobacco material itself, burn and suck the occurrence degree of Maillard reaction in process by improving and reach the object of upgrading in conjunction with free nicotine.Meanwhile, further high-temperature heat treatment can also be degraded higher fatty acids in tobacco leaf and nicotine, reduces flue gas excitant and assorted gas, increases alcohol and property, coordinate fragrance.
In Chinese patent application 87101362, it is the complex enzyme process discarded tobacco leaf that koning trichoderma is fermented, a tobacco leaf 0.5-1 grade can be improved, but this invention is under tobacco leaf being placed in 60%-70% relative humidity, 30 DEG C of-50 DEG C of temperature, enzymolysis 22-26 hour, the method time is partially long, and the original aromatic style of tobacco leaf can not get ensureing, and easy breed bacteria.In Chinese patent application 03114578.7, disclose a kind of complex enzyme for improving quality of tobacco and technology of preparing thereof, its composition is made up of cellulase, protease, invertase, maltose, lysozyme, can be glucose and amino acid by the cellulose in tobacco leaf, protein degradation, and transform, increase tabacco fragrance, but this invention complex enzyme makes loaded down with trivial details, and independent enzymatic treatment solution changes original tabacco fragrance style, satisfied effect cannot be obtained.In Chinese patent application 200810204482.7, adopt the method for improving quality of tobacco leaf with proteinase biotransformation, there is the problem of above-mentioned several patent equally.The present invention well solves some limitation of above-mentioned related invention patent, has both obtained satisfied effect, and has also been suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Summary of the invention
For the weak point that present technology exists, the invention provides a kind of method fully utilizing enzyme preparation and add Maillard reaction precursor associating high-temperature heat treatment, under the prerequisite that can keep original tabacco fragrance style, be mainly used in reducing tobacco leaf excitant and strength, thus improve the method for tobacco sensory quality.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is percetage by weight.
Improving a method for quality of tobacco by adding enzyme preparation and glucose and citric acid, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
(1) once feed in raw material: enzyme preparation xylanase solution is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 50-60 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 4-10h.
(2) secondary charging: enzyme preparation acidic protein enzyme solutions is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, stirs tobacco leaf during sprinkling, makes sprinkling even, keeps tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 25-35 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 3-6h.
Feed in raw material for (3) three times: after enzymolysis terminates, add glucose and citric acid compound material, put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, during sprinkling, stir tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 20-30 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 5-8h.
(4), after leaves storage completes, under high-temperature heat treatment condition, carry out drying process, namely obtain more high-quality tobacco leaf.
The preferred zytase consumption of the present invention is the 0.05-0.1% of process tobacco leaf weight.For making enzyme reaction more easily carry out, the preferred xylanase solution pH of the present invention is adjusted to 8.0; The reagent regulating xylanase solution pH can be potassium acetate or potassium citrate.
Preferred acid protease consumption of the present invention is the 0.1-0.4% of process tobacco leaf weight.For making secondary enzyme reaction more easily carry out, preferred acid protease pH value of solution of the present invention is adjusted to 3.5; The reagent of adjustment of acidity protein enzyme solution pH can be citric acid or acetic acid.
Compound material of the present invention, glucose consumption is preferably the 2.0-4.0% of process tobacco leaf weight, and Citric Acid Dosage is preferably the 0.5-1.0% of process tobacco leaf weight.After reinforced process, carry out high-temperature heat treatment under tobacco leaf being placed on 110-150 DEG C of temperature conditions and dry 3-10min; Keep the flowing of air and stirring of tobacco leaf, remove the assorted gas in inferior grade raw tobacco and stimulation further.
The raw tobacco material that the present invention uses is selected from the tobacco leaf in other places of production of tangerine two (B2F) or ad eundem on Shaoyang, Hunan.
If first carry out removal of impurities simply and pretreatment to tobacco leaf in advance: scattered by smoked sheet, reject offal, foreign material etc.; Spray deionized water leaves moisting, make moisture (w/w) be 18% ~ 20%, will more be conducive to improving quality of tobacco.
The tobacco leaf of the more high-quality above method process obtained is cut into silk, is placed in constant-temperature constant-humidity environment and balances more than 48h, and moisture content of cut tobaccos controls, for 11.5%-12.5%, to be required cigarette shreds.Constant-temperature constant-humidity environment preferable temperature 22 DEG C, humidity 60%.
The usefulness of technique scheme is:
The inventive method adopts Multistep feeding process tobacco leaf, first add zytase and generate water-soluble sugar for cellulose in tobacco leaf of degrading, destroy tobacco cell cell membrane simultaneously, intracellular organic matter such as protein is exposed, more easily generated amino acid and peptide by the degraded of protease enzyme, and at high temperature there is Maillard reaction with water-soluble sugar (comprising the glucose added), produce fragrance matter; In born of the same parents, taste compound such as volatile oil, organic acid etc. also present simultaneously, increase tobacco leaf usability; Then add acid protease, the protein in degraded tobacco leaf generates free amino acid and peptide class, improves and burn and suck Maillard reaction precursor substance in process while reducing protein content; The glucose added and citric acid and enzymolysis product peptide and the acting in conjunction of amino acid whose high-temperature split product small molecular acidity material are in conjunction with free nicotine, suitably can reduce excitant and the strength of cigarette smoke, high-temperature heat treatment can also be degraded higher fatty acids in tobacco leaf and nicotine, reduce flue gas excitant and assorted gas, increase alcohol and property, coordinate fragrance.The method not only can process other place of production tobacco leaves of ad eundem, the reconstituted tobacoo being applicable to pipe tobacco, stem too and reproducing.
Detailed description of the invention
Set forth content of the present invention further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Select tangerine two (B2F) raw tobacco material on Shaoyang, Hunan, smoked sheet is scattered, reject offal, foreign material etc.; Spray deionized water leaves moisting, moisture (w/w) is made to be 18% ~ 20%, once feed in raw material, amount by process tobacco leaf weight 0.05% sprays zytase liquid (with deionized water dissolving, regulate pH=8.0 with potassium acetate) simultaneously, after sprinkling terminates, at temperature 60 C, after carrying out leaves storage 4h under the condition of humidity 60%; Carry out secondary charging, namely spray acid protease (with deionized water dissolving, simultaneously regulating pH=3.5 with citric acid) by the amount of process tobacco leaf weight 0.1%, spray after terminating, temperature 35 DEG C, under the condition of humidity 60%, carry out leaves storage 6h; Then compound material is added (by amount glucose and the 0.5% citric acid composition of process tobacco leaf weight 2.0%, by deionized water dissolving.), temperature 20 DEG C, leaves storage 5h under the condition of humidity 60%, turns over baking 3min by the tobacco leaf handled well above in 150 DEG C of baking ovens.Then tobacco Special experimental room Miniature filament cutter is adopted to carry out chopping, tobacco cut width 1mm.Finally be placed on temperature 22 DEG C, balance more than 48h in the climatic chamber of humidity 60%, until when moisture is equilibrated at 11.5%, cigarette, carries out chemical composition analysis and sensory evaluation.
As can be seen from Table 1, after process, the protein content of pipe tobacco reduces 10.96%, and reproducibility total reducing sugar increasing degree is 32.52%, and total nicotine reduces by 7.99%, and sugared alkali is than increase by 44.15%, and this is very favorable to the grade quality of raising tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from Table 2, each alkaloid after process in flue gas lowers, nicotine reduces 32.64%, Mai Siming reduces 51.50%, anabasine reduces 43.80%, 2,3-bipyridyl and reduces 40.57%, cotinine reduces 31.31%, and the minimizing of these alkaloid components has important function to the strength and excitant of improving tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from table 3 subjective appreciation, the sample after process is compared with control sample, and flue gas is finer and smoother, soft, and assorted gas, strength, excitement obviously reduce, and pleasant impression is clean, and slightly sweet taste, quality of tobacco obtains good lifting.
The each related substances changes of contents of pipe tobacco before and after table 1 processes
Flue gas alkaloid (%) change before and after table 2 processes
Before and after table 3 processes, organoleptic feature compares
Embodiment 2
Select tangerine two (B2F) raw tobacco material on Shaoyang, Hunan, smoked sheet is scattered, reject offal, foreign material etc.; Spray deionized water leaves moisting, moisture (w/w) is made to be 18% ~ 20%, once feed in raw material, amount by process tobacco leaf weight 0.1% sprays zytase liquid (with deionized water dissolving, regulate pH=8.0 with potassium citrate) simultaneously, after sprinkling terminates, temperature 55 DEG C, after carrying out leaves storage 10h under the condition of humidity 50%; Carry out secondary charging, namely spray acid protease (with deionized water dissolving, simultaneously regulating pH=3.5 with acetic acid) by the amount of process tobacco leaf weight 0.4%, spray after terminating, temperature 25 DEG C, under the condition of humidity 50%, carry out leaves storage 3h; Then compound material is added (by amount glucose and the 1.0% citric acid composition of process tobacco leaf weight 4.0%, by deionized water dissolving), temperature 30 DEG C, leaves storage 8h under the condition of humidity 50%, turns over baking 10min by the tobacco leaf handled well above in 110 DEG C of baking ovens.Then tobacco Special experimental room Miniature filament cutter is adopted to carry out chopping, tobacco cut width 1mm.Finally be placed on temperature 22 DEG C, balance more than 48h in the climatic chamber of humidity 60%, until when moisture is equilibrated at 12.5%, cigarette, carries out chemical composition analysis and sensory evaluation.
As can be seen from Table 4, after process, the protein content of pipe tobacco reduces 14.33%, and reproducibility total reducing sugar increasing degree is 24.88%, and total nicotine reduces 8.38%, and sugared alkali ratio adds 36.79%, and this is very favorable to the grade quality of raising tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from Table 5, each alkaloid after process in flue gas lowers, nicotine reduces 29.59%, Mai Siming reduces 48.85%, anabasine reduces 41.68%, 2,3-bipyridyl and reduces 35.14%, cotinine reduces 14.57%, and the minimizing of these alkaloid components has important function to the strength and excitant of improving tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from table 6 subjective appreciation, the sample after process is compared with control sample, and flue gas is finer and smoother, soft, and assorted gas, strength, excitement obviously reduce, and pleasant impression is clean, and slightly sweet taste, quality of tobacco obtains good lifting.
The each related substances changes of contents of pipe tobacco before and after table 4 processes
Flue gas alkaloid (%) change before and after table 5 processes
Before and after table 6 processes, organoleptic feature compares
Embodiment 3
Select tangerine two (B2F) raw tobacco material on Shaoyang, Hunan, smoked sheet is scattered, reject offal, foreign material etc.; Spray deionized water leaves moisting, moisture (w/w) is made to be 18% ~ 20%, once feed in raw material, amount by process tobacco leaf weight 0.08% sprays zytase liquid (with deionized water dissolving, regulate pH=8.0 with potassium citrate) simultaneously, after sprinkling terminates, at temperature 50 C, after carrying out leaves storage 8h under the condition of humidity 55%; Carry out secondary charging, namely spray acid protease (with deionized water dissolving, simultaneously regulating pH=3.5 with acetic acid) by the amount of process tobacco leaf weight 0.3%, spray after terminating, temperature 30 DEG C, under the condition of humidity 55%, carry out leaves storage 5h; Then compound material is added (by amount glucose and the 0.8% citric acid composition of process tobacco leaf weight 3.0%, by deionized water dissolving), temperature 25 DEG C, leaves storage 6h under the condition of humidity 55%, turns over baking 7min by the tobacco leaf handled well above in 125 DEG C of baking ovens.Then tobacco Special experimental room Miniature filament cutter is adopted to carry out chopping, tobacco cut width 1mm.Finally be placed on temperature 22 DEG C, balance more than 48h in the climatic chamber of humidity 60%, until when moisture is equilibrated at 12.0%, cigarette, carries out chemical composition analysis and sensory evaluation.
As can be seen from Table 7, after process, the protein content of pipe tobacco reduces 27.11%, and reproducibility total reducing sugar increasing degree is 46.26%, and total nicotine reduces 14.38%, and sugared alkali ratio adds 70.90%, and this is very favorable to the grade quality of raising tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from Table 8, each alkaloid after process in flue gas lowers, nicotine reduces 35.96%, Mai Siming reduces 51.28%, anabasine reduces 48.33%, 2,3-bipyridyl and reduces 38.36%, cotinine reduces 36.25%, and the minimizing of these alkaloid components has important function to the strength and excitant of improving tobacco leaf.
As can be seen from table 9 subjective appreciation, the sample after process is compared with control sample, and flue gas is finer and smoother, soft, and assorted gas, strength, excitement obviously reduce, and pleasant impression is clean, and slightly sweet taste, quality of tobacco obtains good lifting.
The each related substances changes of contents of pipe tobacco before and after table 7 processes
Flue gas alkaloid (%) change before and after table 8 processes
Before and after table 9 processes, organoleptic feature compares
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all do within principle of the present invention any amendment, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. improving a method for quality of tobacco by adding enzyme preparation and glucose and citric acid, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
Tobacco leaf pre-treatment step: scattered by smoked sheet, rejects offal, foreign material; Spray deionized water leaves moisting, make moisture content be 18% ~ 20%;
(1) once feed in raw material: enzyme preparation xylanase solution is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 50-60 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 4-10h;
(2) secondary charging: enzyme preparation acidic protein enzyme solutions is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, stirs tobacco leaf during sprinkling, makes sprinkling even, keeps tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 25-35 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 3-6h;
Feed in raw material for (3) three times: after enzymolysis terminates, add glucose and citric acid compound material, put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, during sprinkling, stir tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen; After sprinkling, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature 20-30 DEG C, ambient humidity 50-60%, reaction time 5-8h;
(4), after leaves storage completes, under high-temperature heat treatment condition, carry out drying process, namely obtain more high-quality tobacco leaf;
Wherein: described zytase consumption is the 0.05-0.1% of process tobacco leaf weight; Acidic protein enzyme dosage is the 0.1-0.4% of process tobacco leaf weight; Glucose consumption is the 2.0-4.0% of process tobacco leaf weight, and Citric Acid Dosage is the 0.5-1.0% of process tobacco leaf weight; Described high-temperature heat treatment is that tobacco leaf is dried 3-10min under 110-150 DEG C of temperature conditions; Described raw tobacco material is the tobacco leaf in other places of production of tangerine two (B2F) or ad eundem on Shaoyang, Hunan.
2. improve the method for quality of tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described xylanase solution pH is adjusted to 8.0, and the reagent regulating pH value of solution is potassium acetate or potassium citrate.
3. improve the method for quality of tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described acid protease pH value of solution is adjusted to 3.5, and the reagent regulating pH value of solution is citric acid or acetic acid.
4. according to the method for the arbitrary described raising quality of tobacco of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the tobacco leaf obtained is cut into silk, be placed in constant-temperature constant-humidity environment and balance more than 48h, moisture content of cut tobaccos controls, for 11.5%-12.5%, to be required cigarette shreds.
5. improve the method for quality of tobacco shreds according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described constant-temperature constant-humidity environment refers to temperature 22 DEG C, humidity 60%.
CN201310400625.2A 2013-09-05 2013-09-05 Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid Active CN103462212B (en)

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CN104223348B (en) * 2014-09-25 2016-02-24 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 A kind of method improving cabo quality in conjunction with cellulase treatment and microwave expansion technology
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CN105266188A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-27 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 Method utilizing compound enzyme preparation to improve penetration capability of feed liquid into tobacco slices
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