CN111528513A - Method for strengthening tobacco style - Google Patents
Method for strengthening tobacco style Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111528513A CN111528513A CN202010362652.5A CN202010362652A CN111528513A CN 111528513 A CN111528513 A CN 111528513A CN 202010362652 A CN202010362652 A CN 202010362652A CN 111528513 A CN111528513 A CN 111528513A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco leaves
- fermentation
- parts
- tobacco
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly discloses a method for strengthening tobacco style, which comprises the steps of firstly carrying out irradiation pretreatment on tobacco leaves; then adding a fermentation solution into the tobacco leaves, wherein the fermentation solution consists of a complex enzyme, glucose, potassium chloride, a surfactant, water and a complex bacteria suspension, the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10-15% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are placed at room temperature for 1-2 days; and then carrying out aerobic fermentation on the tobacco leaves under the conditions that the fermentation temperature is 45-55 ℃ and the humidity is 60-70%. The method ensures that the main chemical components in the tobacco leaves tend to be proper and coordinated in proportion, strengthens the style of the tobacco leaves, obviously improves the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves, reduces miscellaneous gas and irritation, improves aftertaste, obviously improves aroma, enriches the aroma of the tobacco leaves, and ensures that the tobacco leaves have unique fresh and sweet aroma and flower aroma.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and particularly relates to a method for strengthening tobacco style.
Background
Tobacco leaves are used as the basis of the cigarette industry, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is a key factor for determining the quality of cigarettes. Poor quality of tobacco leaves can reduce the smoking quality of cigarettes, and the specific expression is poor aroma quality, insufficient aroma quantity, heavy miscellaneous gas, large irritation, unclean and comfortable aftertaste, and more harmful substances exist, so that the experience of consumers is poor. The chemical components of the tobacco with poor quality are generally shown as higher nitrogen-containing compounds and lower reducing sugar content, the pyrolysis products of the nitrogen-containing compounds are generally alkaline when the cigarettes are burnt and smoked, strong irritation and spicy and scorched bitter taste are generated, a proper amount of total plant alkali can meet the physiological needs of smokers, and when the content is too high, the smoke is strong and the irritation is increased; when the cigarette is burnt and smoked, the reducing sugar can generate an acidic reaction on one hand, inhibit the alkalinity of alkaline substances, ensure the proper acid-base balance of the smoke, reduce the irritation and generate satisfactory taste; on the other hand, reducing saccharides is a prerequisite for the formation of aroma substances, and can be pyrolyzed separately to form various aroma substances at temperatures above 300 ℃. The style of the tobacco leaves is enhanced by improving the quality of the tobacco leaves, and the method has important significance for improving the use value of the tobacco leaves.
The tobacco leaf fermentation is an important method for improving the quality of the tobacco leaves, and the good fermentation process can greatly improve the quality of the tobacco leaves. At present, most of cigarette industry enterprises adopt a tobacco leaf fermentation method which is a natural aging method, wherein the natural aging method is to store tobacco leaves with lower moisture content for 2-3 years, and age the tobacco under natural conditions or simply control the fermentation temperature and air humidity to decompose macromolecular substances and synthesize odor substances in the tobacco leaves. The method has the problems of overlong time, poor controllability and the like, and the quality of the tobacco leaves cannot be guaranteed. The improvement of the tobacco fermentation is beneficial to improving the tobacco quality and controlling the tobacco quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for strengthening the style of tobacco leaves, improving the quality of the tobacco leaves and improving and adjusting the tobacco fragrance.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for strengthening the style of tobacco leaves, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: culturing bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus, and preparing the solution into a solution with 2-3% of sucrose to obtain the strain with the concentration of 5 x 108～109cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1: 05-0.6: 0.2-0.4;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 7-10 parts of complex enzyme, 2-4 parts of glucose, 0.1-0.2 part of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of surfactant and 100 parts of water, and mixing the mixed solution with the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) according to the volume ratio of 1: 6-10 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying an acid solution on the surface of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment to obtain pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10-15% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing at room temperature for 1-2 days, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 30-50%;
(5) tobacco leaf fermentation: placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 10-20 days to obtain fermented tobacco leaves, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 45-55 ℃ and the humidity to be 60-70%;
(6) and (3) sterilization and drying treatment: and (5) sterilizing and drying the fermented tobacco leaves in the step (5) to obtain the strengthened tobacco leaves.
The surfactant in the fermentation solution has strong surface activity, enhances the adsorption of the fermentation solution on the surface of the tobacco leaves, and is beneficial to the absorption of the fermentation solution of the tobacco leaves. Potassium chloride can increase the activity of the enzyme. The glucose not only provides a nutrient source for the compound bacteria and the compound enzyme, but also can be absorbed by the tobacco leaves, and free nicotine is combined with the action of acid, so that the strength of the tobacco leaves is reduced. The composite bacteria and the composite enzyme interact with each other, on one hand, the composite bacteria can utilize the enzyme catalysis effect to catalytically degrade cell wall substances (mainly pectin and cellulose) in tobacco leaves into small molecular substances, so that the problems of irritation and safety brought by the cell wall substances of the tobacco leaves in the burning and smoking process are solved, proteins in the tobacco leaves are converted into amino acids and peptides, macromolecular substances such as cellulose, starch, cane sugar and the like are effectively degraded, the macromolecular substances are converted into reducing sugar, the reducing sugar is further converted into aromatic substances and ethanol with ester fragrance as the main part, and non-volatile glycoside is converted into volatile aromatic substances, so that the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves is improved; on the other hand, under the combined action of complex enzymatic action and complex metabolism in the microbial body, the carotenoid high-molecular terpene compounds in the tobacco leaves are degraded and cracked into the fragrance components of dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-dihydrodamascenone, so that the tobacco leaves are endowed with fresh and sweet fragrance and flower fragrance. In addition, Bacillus subtilis and Actinomycetes produce antibiotic substances which can inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, fungi and pathogens, and prevent the growth of harmful moulds in the fermentation process.
Preferably, in the above method, in the step (1), the preparation of the complex bacterial suspension comprises the following specific steps: respectively inoculating bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus to a liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28-35 ℃ for 24-36 h, then centrifugally collecting thalli, suspending the thalli by using a sterile 2-3% sucrose solution, and diluting to prepare a composite bacterial suspension;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water.
Preferably, in the method, the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase, and the weight ratio of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in the complex enzyme is 1:2:1: 1. The compound enzyme converts starch into glucose by diastase, the protease catalyzes and decomposes protein into polypeptide and a small amount of amino acid, the peptidase thoroughly catalyzes and decomposes the polypeptide into amino acid, the cellulase can convert cellulose into glucose, the mixture of the enzymes can convert the starch, the protein and the cellulose in the tobacco leaves into the glucose and the amino acid, and meanwhile, the compound enzyme has the effect of promoting the degradation of macromolecular substances in the tobacco leaves.
Preferably, in the above method, the surfactant is rhamnolipid or sucrose ester.
Preferably, in the above method, in the step (3), the irradiation treatment conditions are: the irradiation dose is 6-8 kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 30-40 ℃.
Preferably, in the method, in the step (3), the acid solution is an acetic acid solution or a citric acid solution, the concentration of the acid solution is 0.1-0.2 mol/L, and the spraying amount of the acid solution is 2-5% of the mass of the tobacco leaves.
Preferably, in the method, in the step (6), the sterilization is performed by microwave heating sterilization treatment, and the microwave medium fire treatment is performed for 3-6 min; and controlling the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after drying treatment to be 11-12%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for enhancing the style of the tobacco leaves adopts two-step comprehensive treatment of irradiation treatment and fermentation treatment, so that the main chemical components in the tobacco leaves tend to be proper and the proportion is coordinated, the style of the tobacco leaves is enhanced, the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves is obviously improved, the aroma is obviously improved, the miscellaneous gas and the irritation are reduced, and the aftertaste is improved.
2. The method comprises the following steps of firstly, preprocessing the tobacco leaves by irradiation treatment, and on one hand, disinfecting and sterilizing the tobacco leaves to prevent harmful microorganism mould residues; on the other hand, the combination of acid can carry out pre-degradation on macromolecules such as cellulose, nitrogen-containing compounds and the like in the tobacco leaves, and the subsequent fermentation time is shortened. Adding a fermentation solution to carry out fermentation treatment on the tobacco leaves, wherein the surfactant in the fermentation solution has strong surface activity, enhances the adsorption of the fermentation solution on the surfaces of the tobacco leaves and is beneficial to the absorption of the fermentation solution of the tobacco leaves; the compound bacteria and the compound enzyme act synergistically to convert proteins in the tobacco leaves into amino acids and peptides, effectively degrade macromolecular substances such as cellulose, starch, sucrose, polyphenol substances and the like, convert the macromolecular substances into reducing sugar, further convert the reducing sugar into aromatic substances mainly with ester aroma and ethanol, convert non-volatile glucoside into volatile aromatic substances, produce aroma and remove foreign flavor, effectively improve the quality of the tobacco leaves and improve the use value of the tobacco leaves.
3. The method for enhancing the style of the tobacco leaves can promote the degradation of carotenoid high-molecular terpene compounds in the tobacco leaves, and the carotenoid high-molecular terpene compounds are cracked into the fragrance components of dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-dihydrodamascenone, so that the fragrance of the tobacco leaves is enriched, and the tobacco leaves have unique fresh and sweet fragrance and flower fragrance.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A method of enhancing the style of tobacco leaves comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: respectively inoculating Bacillus subtilis, Actinomyces and Micrococcus into liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 30 deg.C for 24 hr, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 4min to collect thallus, suspending thallus with sterile 2% sucrose solution, diluting to obtain thallus with concentration of 109cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1:0.6: 0.3;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 8 parts of complex enzyme, 2 parts of glucose, 0.1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of rhamnolipid and 100 parts of water, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:2:1:1, and the mixed solution and the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) are mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:6 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L on the surface of the tobacco leaves, wherein the spraying amount is 4 percent of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is 8kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 35 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) tobacco leaf fermentation: adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing for 1 day at room temperature, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 40%;
(5) placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 10 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50 ℃ and the humidity to be 65%, and obtaining the fermented tobacco leaves;
(6) and (4) performing microwave medium fire treatment on the tobacco leaves fermented in the step (5) for 5min for sterilization, and drying by hot air until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 11%, thereby obtaining the strengthened tobacco leaves.
Example 2
A method of enhancing the style of tobacco leaves comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: respectively inoculating Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Micrococcus into liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 35 deg.C for 24 hr, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 4min to collect thallus, suspending thallus with sterile 2.5% sucrose solution, diluting to obtain thallus concentration of 8 × 108cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1:0.55: 0.2;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 10 parts of complex enzyme, 3 parts of glucose, 0.2 part of potassium chloride, 2 parts of rhamnolipid and 100 parts of water, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:2:1:1, and the mixed solution and the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) are mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:8 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L on the surface of the tobacco leaves, wherein the spraying amount is 4 percent of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is 6kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 35 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) tobacco leaf fermentation: adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing for 1 day at room temperature, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to 35%;
(5) placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 12 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 45 ℃ and the humidity to be 65%, and obtaining the fermented tobacco leaves;
(6) and (4) performing microwave medium fire treatment on the tobacco leaves fermented in the step (5) for 5min for sterilization, and drying by hot air until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 11%, thereby obtaining the strengthened tobacco leaves.
Example 3
A method of enhancing the style of tobacco leaves comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: respectively inoculating Bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and Micrococcus into liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 28 deg.C for 24 hr, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 4min to collect thallus, suspending thallus with sterile 2.5% sucrose solution, diluting to obtain thallus concentration of 5 × 108cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1:0.5: 0.4;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 9 parts of complex enzyme, 4 parts of glucose, 0.2 part of potassium chloride, 1.5 parts of sugarcane ester and 100 parts of water, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:2:1:1, and the mixed solution and the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) are mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:10 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying citric acid solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L on the surface of the tobacco leaves, wherein the spraying amount is 2 percent of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is 8kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 30 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) tobacco leaf fermentation: adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 15% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing for 2 days at room temperature, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 50%;
(5) placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 15 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 45 ℃ and the humidity to be 60%, and obtaining the fermented tobacco leaves;
(6) and (4) performing microwave medium fire treatment on the tobacco leaves fermented in the step (5) for 3min for sterilization, and drying by hot air until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 11%, thereby obtaining the strengthened tobacco leaves.
Comparative example 1
The process of this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the tobacco leaf pretreatment step was not performed, and other steps and parameters were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The method provided by the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a fermentation solution: 8 parts of complex enzyme, 2 parts of glucose, 0.1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of rhamnolipid and 100 parts of water, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in a weight ratio of 1:2:1: 1;
(2) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L on the surface of the tobacco leaves, wherein the spraying amount is 4 percent of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is 8kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 35 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tobacco leaves;
(3) tobacco leaf fermentation: adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (1) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing for 1 day at room temperature, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 40%;
(4) placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (3) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 10 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50 ℃ and the humidity to be 65%, and obtaining the fermented tobacco leaves;
(5) and (4) carrying out microwave medium fire treatment on the tobacco leaves fermented in the step (4) for 5min for sterilization, and drying by hot air until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 11% to obtain the tobacco leaves.
Comparative example 3
The method provided by the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: respectively inoculating Bacillus subtilis, Actinomyces and Micrococcus into liquid culture medium, shake culturing at 30 deg.C for 24 hr, centrifuging at 5000r/min for 4min to collect thallus, suspending thallus with sterile 2% sucrose solution, diluting to obtain thallus with concentration of 109cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1:0.6: 0.3;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 2 parts of glucose, 0.1 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of rhamnolipid and 100 parts of water, and mixing the mixed solution with the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) according to the volume ratio of 1:6 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L on the surface of the tobacco leaves, wherein the spraying amount is 4 percent of the mass of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment, wherein the irradiation dose is 8kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 35 ℃, so as to obtain the pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) tobacco leaf fermentation: adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing for 1 day at room temperature, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 40%;
(5) placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 10 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 50 ℃ and the humidity to be 65%, and obtaining the fermented tobacco leaves;
(6) and (4) performing microwave medium fire treatment on the tobacco leaves fermented in the step (5) for 5min for sterilization, and drying by hot air until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 11%, thereby obtaining the strengthened tobacco leaves.
The method comprises the steps of dividing the same batch of tobacco leaves into 7 groups, wherein 6 groups of tobacco leaves are respectively treated by the methods provided in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3, 1 group is a control group, only the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is balanced to 11%, no other treatment is performed, the chemical components such as tobacco starch, protein, reducing sugar and the like are analyzed, three flavor components such as dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-dihydrodamascenone are analyzed, the flavor components of the tobacco leaves are extracted by a simultaneous distillation method, and the content of the flavor components is determined by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method.
As can be seen from Table 1, the contents of starch, protein and cellulose of the tobacco leaves treated by the method are all obviously reduced, the starch degradation rate is more than 80%, the protein degradation rate is more than 30%, the cellulose degradation rate is more than 13%, the nicotine content is reduced, the contents of reducing sugar, volatile acid and reducing sugar/total sugar ratio are relatively increased, the components in the tobacco leaves tend to be balanced, the inherent quality of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the fragrance of the tobacco leaves is improved. The method provided by the comparative example 1 is used for treating the tobacco leaves, the contents of protein and cellulose are relatively high, and the surface pretreatment is helpful for degrading macromolecules such as cellulose and nitrogen-containing compounds. Compared with the tobacco leaves treated by the method in the embodiment, the tobacco leaves treated by the method in the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 3 have higher starch, protein and nicotine content and lower reducing sugar content, which shows that the composite bacteria and the composite enzyme in the fermentation solution act synergistically to effectively degrade macromolecular substances such as cellulose, starch and the like in the tobacco leaves and convert the macromolecular substances into the reducing sugar.
TABLE 1 chemical composition changes before and after tobacco leaf treatment
Table 2 shows the change of flavor components of dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-damascone before and after the tobacco leaves are treated, and it can be seen from the table that the content of three flavor components of dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-damascone is increased obviously after the tobacco leaves are treated by the method of the present invention, and the contents are respectively increased by more than 40%, 26% and 9% compared with the control group, so that the tobacco leaves are enriched in flavor, and have fresh and sweet flavor and flower fragrance. Compared with the tobacco leaves treated by the method in the embodiment, the tobacco leaves treated by the method in the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 3 have obviously lower contents of three fragrance components, namely dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-dihydrodamascenone, which shows that under the combined action of complex enzymatic action and complex metabolism in microorganisms, the carotenoid high-molecular terpene compounds in the tobacco leaves are promoted to be degraded and cracked into the fragrance components of dihydroactinidiolide, farnesyl acetone and beta-dihydrodamascenone, so that the tobacco leaves are endowed with fresh and sweet fragrance and flower fragrance.
TABLE 2 aroma composition change before and after tobacco treatment
The treated tobacco leaves and the tobacco leaves of the control group are rolled into cigarettes, sensory evaluation is respectively carried out, evaluation is carried out by professional persons according to GB/T5606.4-2005 standard smoking evaluation, and the evaluation result is shown in the following table 3. The cigarette prepared from the tobacco leaves treated by the method provided by the invention has the advantages of obviously improved sensory quality, obviously improved aroma, reduced miscellaneous gas and irritation, and improved aftertaste, and in addition, the aroma contains flowery odour and sweet aroma.
TABLE 3 evaluation results of sensory effects of tobacco leaves
| Group of | Fragrance | Tuning by hand | Miscellaneous qi | Irritation property | Aftertaste | Total score |
| Control group | 23 | 4 | 9 | 15 | 20 | 72 |
| Example 1 | 30 | 5.5 | 11 | 18 | 24.5 | 89 |
| Example 2 | 29 | 5.5 | 10.5 | 17.5 | 24 | 86.5 |
| Example 3 | 29.5 | 5.5 | 10.5 | 17.5 | 24 | 87 |
| Comparative example 1 | 28 | 5 | 10 | 16.5 | 22 | 81.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 27 | 5 | 9.5 | 16 | 21.5 | 79 |
| Comparative example 3 | 27.5 | 5 | 9.5 | 16.5 | 21.5 | 80 |
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a composite bacterial suspension: culturing bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus, and preparing the solution into a solution with 2-3% of sucrose to obtain the strain with the concentration of 5 x 108~109cfu/ml composite bacterial suspension, wherein the colony number ratio of bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus in the composite bacterial suspension is 1: 05-0.6: 0.2-0.4;
(2) preparing a fermentation solution: mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight to prepare a mixed solution: 7-10 parts of complex enzyme, 2-4 parts of glucose, 0.1-0.2 part of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of surfactant and 100 parts of water, and mixing the mixed solution with the composite bacterial suspension obtained in the step (1) according to the volume ratio of 1: 6-10 to obtain a fermentation solution;
(3) tobacco leaf pretreatment: spraying an acid solution on the surface of the tobacco leaves, and then carrying out irradiation treatment to obtain pretreated tobacco leaves;
(4) adding the fermentation solution obtained in the step (2) into the pretreated tobacco leaves, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation solution is 10-15% of the weight of the tobacco leaves, standing at room temperature for 1-2 days, and adjusting the moisture content of the tobacco leaves to be 30-50%;
(5) tobacco leaf fermentation: placing the tobacco leaves treated in the step (4) in a fermentation chamber for aerobic fermentation for 10-20 days to obtain fermented tobacco leaves, and controlling the fermentation temperature to be 45-55 ℃ and the humidity to be 60-70%;
(6) and (3) sterilization and drying treatment: and (5) sterilizing and drying the fermented tobacco leaves in the step (5) to obtain the strengthened tobacco leaves.
2. The method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the specific steps of preparing the composite bacterial suspension are as follows: respectively inoculating bacillus subtilis, actinomycetes and pediococcus to a liquid culture medium, performing shake culture at 28-35 ℃ for 24-36 h, then centrifugally collecting thalli, suspending the thalli by using a sterile 2-3% sucrose solution, and diluting to prepare a composite bacterial suspension;
the liquid culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of cane sugar, 8 parts of peptone, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate, 0.02 part of hydrated magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of mannitol, 0.1 part of sodium chloride, 0.01 part of ferric chloride and 1000 parts of water.
3. The method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase, and the weight ratio of saccharifying enzyme, protease, peptidase and cellulase in the complex enzyme is 1:2:1: 1.
4. The method of enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a rhamnolipid or a sucrose ester.
5. The method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the irradiation treatment conditions are as follows: the irradiation dose is 6-8 kGy, and the irradiation temperature is 30-40 ℃.
6. The method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the acid solution is acetic acid solution or citric acid solution, the concentration of the acid solution is 0.1-0.2 mol/L, and the spraying amount of the acid solution is 2-5% of the mass of the tobacco leaves.
7. The method for enhancing the style of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the sterilization adopts microwave heating sterilization treatment, and the microwave medium fire treatment is carried out for 3-6 min; and controlling the moisture content of the tobacco leaves after drying treatment to be 11-12%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010362652.5A CN111528513A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Method for strengthening tobacco style |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010362652.5A CN111528513A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Method for strengthening tobacco style |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111528513A true CN111528513A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
Family
ID=71967632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010362652.5A Withdrawn CN111528513A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Method for strengthening tobacco style |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111528513A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112690489A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-04-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for prolonging alcoholization period of tobacco leaves |
| CN113197328A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Method for reducing using amount of atomizing agent in cigarette without burning by heating |
| CN114176247A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-15 | 云南恒罡科技有限公司 | Method for preparing tobacco paste by using waste tobacco extract |
| CN114376257A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-04-22 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving tobacco leaf quality through bacterium and enzyme synergistic treatment |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1049778A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-13 | 黑龙江省科学院应用微生物研究所 | The method of accelerating fermentation of leaf tobacco by use of ultraviolet ray |
| US20060216401A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2006-09-28 | Haisman Derek R | Process for producing a carbohydrate composition |
| CN102286404A (en) * | 2011-07-17 | 2011-12-21 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Bacillus subtilis preparation for tobacco shred treatment |
| CN103082402A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-08 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Wettable powder for cigar tobacco fermentation |
| CN103169153A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for improving internal quality of low-class tobacco through solid fermentation |
| CN103462212A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-25 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202010362652.5A patent/CN111528513A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1049778A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-03-13 | 黑龙江省科学院应用微生物研究所 | The method of accelerating fermentation of leaf tobacco by use of ultraviolet ray |
| US20060216401A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2006-09-28 | Haisman Derek R | Process for producing a carbohydrate composition |
| CN102286404A (en) * | 2011-07-17 | 2011-12-21 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Bacillus subtilis preparation for tobacco shred treatment |
| CN103082402A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-08 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Wettable powder for cigar tobacco fermentation |
| CN103169153A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-06-26 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for improving internal quality of low-class tobacco through solid fermentation |
| CN103462212A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-25 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of tobacco leaves by adding enzyme preparation, glucose and citric acid |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112690489A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-04-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for prolonging alcoholization period of tobacco leaves |
| CN113197328A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Method for reducing using amount of atomizing agent in cigarette without burning by heating |
| CN113197328B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-05-31 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Method for reducing using amount of atomizing agent in cigarette without burning by heating |
| CN114176247A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-15 | 云南恒罡科技有限公司 | Method for preparing tobacco paste by using waste tobacco extract |
| CN114376257A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-04-22 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving tobacco leaf quality through bacterium and enzyme synergistic treatment |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111528513A (en) | Method for strengthening tobacco style | |
| CN106399277B (en) | Enzyme preparation for tobacco processing and application thereof | |
| CN106833898B (en) | Preparation method of rice-flavor tobacco flavor | |
| CN109527635B (en) | Process method for improving quality of burley tobacco and application thereof | |
| CN102524942B (en) | Method for reducing content of lignin in peduncle shred of tobacco | |
| CN104223352B (en) | A kind of Radix Glycyrrhizae fermentation gained tobacco aromatics using and application thereof | |
| CN109349678B (en) | Preparation method and application of composite tobacco leaf extract | |
| CN104804872A (en) | Preparing method of cocoa powder spice and application thereof | |
| CN111972625B (en) | Biological fermentation preparation method of flavored pigskin | |
| Yao et al. | Screening of Cellulase-producing Bacteria and their Effect on the Chemical Composition and Aroma Quality Improvement of Cigar Wrapper Leaves. | |
| CN113892666A (en) | Enzymolysis quality-improving treatment method for cigar core tobacco leaves | |
| CN109330008B (en) | Method for enhancing flavor and improving quality of cigars by using chlorogenic acid | |
| CN109536393B (en) | Preparation method and application of Maryland tobacco leaf fermentation extract | |
| CN109090697B (en) | Method for fermenting tobacco by mixed bacteria | |
| CN107495462B (en) | Method for improving tobacco quality and reducing harmful substances | |
| CN109805294B (en) | Preparation method and application of microbial fermentation source flavor supplement | |
| CN111972694A (en) | Processing method of threshing and redrying tobacco leaves | |
| CN111588074A (en) | Tobacco leaf aroma-enhancing and thorn-reducing treatment method | |
| CN110742303A (en) | Complex enzyme preparation for improving smoking quality of tobacco flakes and application thereof | |
| CN107183235B (en) | Method for preparing novel Pu' er tea | |
| CN113355249B (en) | Debaryomyces hansenii strain and application thereof | |
| CN114532580A (en) | Preparation method of cigar tobacco leaves | |
| CN102559548B (en) | Amylase high-producing strain and method for improving quality of low-grade tobacco through same | |
| CN108451004B (en) | Method for preparing burley tobacco reactant by using fruit extract and application | |
| CN114617242A (en) | Processing technology of black pickled vegetables and product thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200814 |