CN102894472B - Method for improving sensory quality of tobacco leaves by using compound enzymic preparation - Google Patents
Method for improving sensory quality of tobacco leaves by using compound enzymic preparation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving sensory quality of tobacco leaves by using a compound enzymic preparation. According to the method, the compound enzymic preparation containing cellulose, pectinase, protease, FeSO4, biacetyl, citric acid, trisodium citrate and water is used to degrade celluloses and pectin in tobacco leaves. The compound enzymic preparation has the advantages of reducing the content of harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke such as phenol, HCN, BaP and NNK, reducing the irritability and strength of the cigarette smoke, enriching fragrance, and lightening miscellaneous gas, so that the cigarette smoke is relatively fine, and the sensory quality of the tobacco leaves is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality, both belonged to tobacco leaf processing field, also belong to biological enzyme formulation field.
Technical background
Employing modern biotechnology degraded tobacco leaf harmful components (mainly harmful ingredients in flue gas precursor substance) is an effective way of Harm reduction techniques, just day by day receives the concern of researcher at present.The compositions such as cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, pectin, its content accounts for about 28% of tobacco leaf dry substance mixture, they seldom change in tobacco processing course, this kind of material all has adverse effect to tobacco interior quality and style and features, they produce excitant pyrolysate when burning and sucking, and cause smoker to choke and cough.The composition such as cellulose, higher alkane can produce the aromatic hydrocarbon in tarry matters in smoke in suction fuel process, lignin thermal decomposition produces puckery mouth and carcinogenic material catechol, can produce methyl alcohol after pectin thermal decomposition, higher pectic substance content also can cause tar content in cigarette to raise; Phenolic compound in Smoke Particulate mainly contains scopoletin, chlorogenic acid, catechol, resorcinol etc., especially the highest with the content of catechol, has certain tumor promotion, and the main producers of catechol also mainly cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose.Their degraded is not only conducive to reducing the harmful substance in flue gas, can improve quality of tobacco simultaneously.Protein can produce unpleasant penetrating odor when burning and sucking, the amino acid that breaks down proteins produces then can strengthen mailland reaction when tobacco leaf burns and sucks and produce fragrance, thus, decomposing the albumen reduced in tobacco leaf is also one of important channel of improving quality of tobacco.
In Chinese Patent Application No.: in 03114578.7, disclose a kind of complex enzyme for improving quality of tobacco and technology of preparing thereof, its composition is by cellulase, protease, invertase, maltose, lysozyme forms, can by the cellulose in tobacco leaf, protein degradation is glucose and amino acid, and transform, increase tabacco fragrance, but this invention complex enzyme makes loaded down with trivial details, and any process is not carried out to harmful substance pectin important in tobacco leaf, pectic side chains is often combined with methyl alcohol, when burning and sucking, the methyl alcohol of release is almost entirely by absorbed organ, serious harm health of smokers, in addition, enzyme is dissolved in and is sprayed on tobacco leaf in the water of tobacco leaf weight 0.5% by this invention, water consumption is on the low side, satisfied effect cannot be obtained, even if use spray-on process also cannot ensure that enzyme liquid is evenly distributed on tobacco leaf simultaneously, enzyme is lived also because being extremely restricted very little with water.In Chinese Patent Application No.: in 87101362, be the complex enzyme process discarded tobacco leaf that koning trichoderma is fermented, a tobacco leaf 0.5-1 grade can be improved, but this invention be under tobacco leaf being placed in 60%-70% relative humidity, 30 DEG C of-50 DEG C of temperature, enzymolysis 22-26 hour.The method time is partially long, and at this temperature, enzyme activity decline is very fast, and after 6 hours, just effect is slow, and easy breed bacteria, tobacco leaf initial quality and security can not get ensureing.In Chinese Patent Application No.: in 200510042773.7, with cellulase, pectase, amylase, protease, carbohydrase, dusty yeast preparation complex enzyme formulation, be dissolved in the 1%-1.5% of tobacco leaf weight, be sprayed on tobacco leaf surface, individual month of spontaneous fermentation 6-10 under room temperature.This invention also cannot evenly charity because water consumption is too little, and the 6-10 time of individual month is partially grown and easily makes enzyme preparation inactivation, and easily causes tobacco mildew, is thus also difficult to real application.This explanation well solves some limitation of above-mentioned related invention patent, has both obtained satisfied effect, and has also been suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Summary of the invention
For the weak point that present technology exists, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality.The method reduces excitant and the strength of cigarette smoke, and increase fragrance rich, make flue gas finer and smoother, mouthfeel is more comfortable, thus improves the aesthetic quality of tobacco leaf.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize complex enzyme formulation to improve a method for tobacco sensory quality, it is characterized in that:
A: preparation enzyme preparation complex liquid, this enzyme preparation complex liquid contains: complex enzyme formulation, FeSO4, diacetyl, citric acid, trisodium citrate, water.
B: the enzyme preparation complex liquid of preparation is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, stirs tobacco leaf during sprinkling, makes sprinkling even, keeps tobacco leaf to loosen.
C: after spraying treatment fluid, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature: 30 DEG C-60 DEG C, ambient humidity: 50%-90%, the reaction time: 1h-24h.
D: by dry at 60 DEG C-130 DEG C for the tobacco leaf of process after having reacted, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, be dried to the original water content of tobacco leaf.
The usefulness of technique scheme is:
Cellulose in the inventive method employing complex enzyme formulation degraded tobacco leaf and pectin.This complex enzyme formulation also can reduce the Harmful ingredient content such as phenol, HCN, BaP, NNK in cigarette smoke, reduce the assorted gas that these materials produce when burning and sucking, reduce excitant and the strength of cigarette smoke, increase fragrance rich, make flue gas finer and smoother, mouthfeel is more comfortable, thus improves the aesthetic quality of tobacco leaf.The method not only can process the tobacco leaf of different brackets, the reconstituted tobacoo (containing the reconstituted tobacco sheets that paper process, rolled-on method and thick slurry processes are obtained) being applicable to pipe tobacco, stem too and reproducing.
Detailed description of the invention
Set forth content of the present invention further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Utilize complex enzyme formulation to improve a method for tobacco sensory quality, associated process steps is as follows:
(1) cellulase, pectase and the protease needed for relevant bacteria species fermenting and producing is applied.After obtaining enzyme preparation, be mixed with treatment fluid.Add 5 ‰ trisodium citrates, 5 ‰ citric acids, 10 ‰ cellulases, 8 ‰ pectases, 6 ‰ protease, 3 ‰ diacetyls, 3 ‰ FeSO successively being refrigerated in the pure water of 4 DEG C
4.
(2) spray treatment fluid: the treatment fluid prepared evenly is sprayed at tobacco leaf surface with 50% quality (1000g tobacco leaf sprays 500ml complex enzyme formulation), during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen.
(3) constant temperature and humidity reaction: the tobacco leaf spraying treatment fluid is put airtight container, adjustment reaction temperature to 48 DEG C, ambient humidity 80%, 3 hours reaction time.
(4) temperature-controlled drying: tobacco leaf is put 60 DEG C of baking ovens and be dried to original water content, drying course can be blown, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, avoid dry wet uneven.
Chemical composition analysis and sensory quality assessment are carried out to the pipe tobacco after complex enzyme formulation process, in as can be seen from table 1 to table 3, after complex enzyme formulation process, the content of cellulose of pipe tobacco reduces amplitude is 19.1%, it is 21.1% that pectin content reduces amplitude, it is 25.5% that protein content reduces amplitude, reduced sugar increasing degree is 30.1%, and amino acid increasing degree is that 27.5%(is in table 1); Phenol reduction amplitude is 11%, HCN low amplitude is that 11%(is in table 2); Sample after complex enzyme liquid process is compared with control sample, and sweet sense is more obvious, and flue gas is finer and smoother, soft, and strength and excitant diminish (see table 3).
Each related substances content (mass percent) change before and after the process of table 1 pipe tobacco
| Processing mode | Cellulose | Pectin | Protein | Reduced sugar | Amino acid |
| Control sample | 12.8% | 9.6% | 10.3% | 17.4% | 6.7% |
| The process of enzyme liquid | 10.2% | 7.1% | 7.4% | 24.2% | 8.8% |
| Changes of contents | 19.1% | 21.1% | 25.5% | 30.1% | 27.5% |
The change of harmful substance contents before and after the process of table 2 pipe tobacco
Sample aesthetic quality before and after the process of table 3 pipe tobacco
Detailed description of the invention (embodiment 2)
With complex enzyme formulation process pipe tobacco, associated process steps is as follows:
(1) obtain biology enzyme and preparation treatment fluid: a small amount of research process can directly buy associated biomolecule enzyme, industrialization can self-built large-scale fermentation installation, cellulase, pectase and protease needed for application relevant bacteria species fermenting and producing.After obtaining enzyme preparation, be mixed with treatment fluid.Add 4 ‰ trisodium citrates, 4 ‰ citric acids, 8 ‰ cellulases, 5 ‰ pectases, 4 ‰ protease, 2 ‰ diacetyls, 2 ‰ FeSO successively being refrigerated in the pure water of 4 DEG C
4.
(2) spray treatment fluid: the treatment fluid prepared evenly is sprayed at tobacco leaf surface with 28% quality (1000g tobacco leaf sprays 280ml complex enzyme formulation), during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen.
(3) constant temperature and humidity reaction: the tobacco leaf spraying treatment fluid is put airtight container, adjustment reaction temperature to 37 DEG C, ambient humidity 70%, 6 hours reaction time.
(4) temperature-controlled drying: tobacco leaf is put 110 DEG C of baking ovens and be dried to original water content, drying course can be blown, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, avoid dry wet uneven.
Related substances content analysis and sensory quality assessment are carried out to the pipe tobacco after complex enzyme formulation process, as can be seen from table 5 and table 5, after complex enzyme formulation process, the content of cellulose of pipe tobacco reduces amplitude is 15.5%, it is 17.0% that pectin content reduces amplitude, phenol reduction amplitude is 16.9%, BaP low amplitude is that 24.1%(is in table 4); Sample after complex enzyme liquid process is compared with control sample, and aroma quality obviously improves, and sweet sense increases, and the rich increase of fragrance, assorted gas lightens, and flue gas is finer and smoother, and strength obviously reduces, and excitant diminishes, and pleasant impression improves (see table 5).
The change of related substances content before and after the process of table 4 pipe tobacco
Sample aesthetic quality change before and after the process of table 5 pipe tobacco
Detailed description of the invention (embodiment 3)
With complex enzyme formulation process pipe tobacco, associated process steps is as follows:
(1) cellulase, pectase and the protease needed for relevant bacteria species fermenting and producing is applied.After obtaining enzyme preparation, be mixed with treatment fluid.Add 1 ‰ trisodium citrates, 1 ‰ citric acids, 4 ‰ cellulases, 3 ‰ pectases, 2 ‰ protease, 1 ‰ diacetyls, 1 ‰ FeSO successively being refrigerated in the pure water of 4 DEG C
4.
(2) spray treatment fluid: the treatment fluid prepared evenly is sprayed at tobacco leaf surface with 8% quality (1000g pipe tobacco sprays 80ml complex enzyme formulation), during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen.
(3) constant temperature and humidity reaction: the tobacco leaf spraying treatment fluid is put airtight container, adjustment reaction temperature to 30 DEG C, ambient humidity 50%, 24 hours reaction time.
(4) temperature-controlled drying: tobacco leaf is put 110 DEG C of baking ovens and be dried to original water content, drying course can be blown, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, avoid dry wet uneven.
Related substances content analysis and sensory quality assessment are carried out to the pipe tobacco after complex enzyme formulation process, as can be seen from table 6 and table 7, after complex enzyme formulation process, the content of cellulose of pipe tobacco reduces amplitude is 8.85%, it is 11.2% that pectin content reduces amplitude, it is 15.9% that phenol reduces amplitude, NNK reduction amplitude is 28.3%, BaP reduction amplitude is that 21.1%(is in table 6); Sample after complex enzyme liquid process is compared with control sample, and aroma quality obviously improves, and sweet sense increases, and the rich increase of fragrance, assorted gas lightens, and flue gas is finer and smoother, and strength diminishes, and excitant diminishes, and pleasant impression improves (see table 7).
The change of related substances content before and after the process of table 6 pipe tobacco
Aesthetic quality's change before and after the process of table 7 pipe tobacco
Detailed description of the invention (embodiment 4)
With complex enzyme formulation process reconstituted tobacoo, associated process steps is as follows:
(1) cellulase, pectase and the protease needed for relevant bacteria species fermenting and producing is applied.After obtaining enzyme preparation, be mixed with treatment fluid.Add 3 ‰ trisodium citrates, 1 ‰ citric acids, 5 ‰ cellulases, 4 ‰ pectases, 3.5 ‰ protease, 1 ‰ diacetyls, 1.5 ‰ FeSO successively being refrigerated in the pure water of 4 DEG C
4.
(2) spray treatment fluid: the treatment fluid prepared evenly is sprayed at tobacco leaf surface with 8% quality (1000g pipe tobacco sprays 80ml complex enzyme formulation), during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen.
(3) constant temperature and humidity reaction: the tobacco leaf spraying treatment fluid is put airtight container, adjustment reaction temperature to 35 DEG C, ambient humidity 65%, 18 hours reaction time.
(4) temperature-controlled drying: tobacco leaf is put 110 DEG C of baking ovens and be dried to original water content, drying course can be blown, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, avoid dry wet uneven.
Carry out related substances content analysis and sensory quality assessment to the thin slice after complex enzyme formulation process, result shows, after complex enzyme formulation process, the content of cellulose of pipe tobacco is down to 28.1% by 31.4%, and reduction amplitude is 10.4%; Pectin content is down to 12.8% by 14.7%, and reduction amplitude is 12.4%; Sample after complex enzyme liquid process is compared with control sample, and xylon gas obviously reduces, the rich increase of fragrance, and aroma quality obviously improves, and with sweet sense, flue gas is finer and smoother, soft, and Spurs sense reduces, and excitant diminishes (see table 8).
Aesthetic quality's change before and after the process of table 8 thin slice
Detailed description of the invention (embodiment 5)
Tobacco stem shred with complex enzyme formulation process, associated process steps is as follows:
(1) cellulase, pectase and the protease needed for relevant bacteria species fermenting and producing is applied.After obtaining enzyme preparation, be mixed with treatment fluid.Add 2.5 ‰ trisodium citrates, 2.5 ‰ citric acids, 6 ‰ cellulases, 5 ‰ pectases, 3 ‰ protease, 2.5 ‰ diacetyls, 2.5 ‰ FeSO successively being refrigerated in the pure water of 4 DEG C
4.
(2) spray treatment fluid: the treatment fluid prepared evenly is sprayed at tobacco leaf surface with 8% quality (1000g pipe tobacco sprays 80ml complex enzyme formulation), during sprinkling, stirs tobacco leaf, make sprinkling even, keep tobacco leaf to loosen.
(3) constant temperature and humidity reaction: the tobacco leaf spraying treatment fluid is put airtight container, adjustment reaction temperature to 40 DEG C, ambient humidity 75%, 20 hours reaction time.
(4) temperature-controlled drying: tobacco leaf is put 110 DEG C of baking ovens and be dried to the original water content of tobacco leaf, drying course can be blown, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, avoid dry wet uneven.
Carry out related substances content analysis and sensory quality assessment to the stem after complex enzyme formulation process, result shows, after complex enzyme formulation process, the content of cellulose of stem is down to 18.72% by 20.6%, and reduction amplitude is 9.13%; Pectin content is down to 14.1% by 16.3%, and reduction amplitude is 13.6%; Sample after complex enzyme liquid process is compared with control sample, and xylon gas obviously reduces, and aroma quality improves, and have sense of promoting the production of body fluid, flue gas is finer and smoother, and Spurs sense alleviates, and excitant diminishes (see table 9).
Aesthetic quality's change before and after the process of table 9 stem
Claims (5)
1. utilize complex enzyme formulation to improve a method for tobacco sensory quality, it is characterized in that:
A: preparation enzyme preparation complex liquid, this enzyme preparation complex liquid contains: complex enzyme formulation, FeSO
4, diacetyl, citric acid, trisodium citrate, water;
B: the enzyme preparation complex liquid of preparation is put on tobacco leaf surface in the mode of spraying, stirs tobacco leaf during sprinkling, makes sprinkling even, keeps tobacco leaf to loosen;
C: after spraying treatment fluid, tobacco leaf is placed in enclosed environment and processes, reaction temperature: 30 DEG C-60 DEG C, ambient humidity: 50%-90%, the reaction time: 1h-24h;
D: by dry at 60 DEG C-130 DEG C for the tobacco leaf of process after having reacted, and keep stirring of the flowing of air and tobacco leaf, be dried to the original water content of tobacco leaf,
Wherein, FeSO in enzyme preparation complex liquid
4be 0.76 ‰-3.04 ‰, diacetyl concentration is 0.2 ‰-3 ‰, and pure water amount is equivalent to the 10%-50% of pending quality of tobacco.
2. a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described complex enzyme formulation is by cellulase, pectase and protease composition, and the consumption in enzyme preparation complex liquid is respectively: cellulase: 2 ‰-10 ‰, pectase 2 ‰-8 ‰, protease 1 ‰-6 ‰.
3. a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: citric acid and trisodium citrate are pH buffer system, and complex enzyme formulation optimal pH is between 3.5-6.0.
4. a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the method not only can process the tobacco leaf of different brackets, the reconstituted tobacoo being applicable to pipe tobacco, stem too and reproducing.
5. a kind of method utilizing complex enzyme formulation to improve tobacco sensory quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the method not only can process the tobacco leaf of different brackets, the reconstituted tobacoo being applicable to pipe tobacco, stem too and reproducing.
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