CN1692846A - Prepn. contg. composite enzyme for improving quality of tobacco - Google Patents
Prepn. contg. composite enzyme for improving quality of tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN1692846A CN1692846A CN 200510042773 CN200510042773A CN1692846A CN 1692846 A CN1692846 A CN 1692846A CN 200510042773 CN200510042773 CN 200510042773 CN 200510042773 A CN200510042773 A CN 200510042773A CN 1692846 A CN1692846 A CN 1692846A
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Abstract
A preparation of increasing the quality of tobacco leaf features it contains cellulase, proteinase, pectinase, amylase, beta-amylase and yeast powder. It can speed up the process of natural ageing of tobacco and shortening natural ageing cycle of tobacco.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the prescription of the treatment agent that improves quality of tobacco and the improvement of processing method, relate to the biological enzyme technology field.
Background technology
Tobacco fermentation is one of important step in the tobacco processing course.At present in the actual production process, the artificial fermentation is still the main method of tobacco fermentation, because the artificial fermentation is less to the amplitude that improves quality of tobacco, and the natural ageing of tobacco leaf can improve quality of tobacco greatly, yet its cycle is long, capital turnover is slow, be the principal element that all thickness factory's cigarette qualities of restriction and economic benefit further improve always, utilize biotechnology can solve this difficult problem well.By retrieval, relevant patent has: 1. Chinese patent application number 03114578.7, a kind of complex enzyme and preparation technology thereof who is used to improve quality of tobacco disclosed, its composition is made up of cellulase, protease, invertase, maltose, lysozyme, is prepared from through enzyme mixing, crushing screening and packing.This invention is glucose and amino acid though can make cellulose, protein degradation in the tobacco leaf, and transforms owing to the adding of cellulase, protease, invertase etc., increases the fragrance of tobacco leaf; But because enzyme catalysis has selectivity, its complex enzyme is little to the degraded and the transformation of pectin in the tobacco leaf.And pectin has high level in tobacco tissue, and pectin content is many more in the tobacco leaf, and quality of tobacco is poor more; Because contain methyl alcohol (Yan Keyu selects and edit " tobacco chemistry ", Light Engineering Institutes Of Zhengzhou, 1995) in the structure of pectic substance, methyl alcohol is extremely toxic substance, during smoking, the methyl alcohol that enters in the flue gas is almost absorbed by organ entirely, threatens smoker's health; Make the smoker feel pungent, choke and cough after the tobacco leaf burning simultaneously.The invertase that uses because of this invention does not specifically indicate and transforms which class material again, and enzyme is the protein with height selectivity and catalytic activity, and the invertase of this invention is indeterminate, makes us being difficult to repetition.In addition should invention in use, be sprayed in the tobacco leaf with the water-solubleization enzyme powder of tobacco leaf weight 0.5%, on the low side owing to water consumption, can not guarantee that enzyme liquid evenly is sprayed onto on the smoked sheet, and enzyme does not have flowability, so enzyme is uneven to the processing of tobacco leaf.Its complex enzyme need activate in 35-40 ℃ warm water simultaneously, certainly will cause energy resource consumption and operational loaded down with trivial details.2. the method for processing inferiority tobacco leaf using microbial compound enzyme (Chinese patent application number 87101362), this method is to utilize koning trichoderma T
21The plurality of enzymes such as cellulase, pectase, ligninase and protease that complex enzyme is contained are handled discarded tobacco leaf, improve tobacco leaf 0.5-1 grade.When this patent is handled discarded tobacco leaf, need under humidity 60-70%, temperature 30-50 ℃ condition, carry out enzyme digestion reaction 22-26 hour, therefore need special workshop or equipment, certainly will increase running cost and complexity; Because the enzyme dosage of this patent is very big, causes the residual increase of protein in the tobacco leaf; Simultaneously when handling, the minimum water that needs with 12% makes that moisture rolls up in the tobacco leaf, when secondary baking, will cause the structure of tobacco leaf tight, and expansion rate descends, and causes the pipe tobacco filling rate to descend, and pipe tobacco is insufficient when burning, and the content of CO increases; As can be seen, nicotine all has increase in various degree in the tobacco leaf after the processing from its detection data, and the nicotine content height, then excitant strengthens, and can produce acid.
Summary of the invention
Not enough for overcoming above existence, purpose of the present invention just provides the pharmaceutical formulation that contains complex enzyme that can improve quality of tobacco, and utilizing high vigor, more comprehensive enzyme is component, tobacco leaf ingredient is carried out orientation degraded and conversion, make tobacco leaf ingredient content be tending towards balanced, content of reducing sugar improves, and protein, pectin content reduce, sugar nitrogen ratio, sugared alkali ratio, schmuck value are tending towards reasonable, make flue gas strength moderate, fragrance is full, and excitant reduces, assorted gas alleviates, and pleasant impression is clean; And make said preparation need not special equipment in use, and finish sweat under field conditions (factors), not only easy and simple to handle, raising quality of tobacco shortens the tobacco natural digestion time simultaneously greatly.
The present invention proposes to improve the preparation that contains complex enzyme of quality of tobacco and is made up of cellulase, protease, pectase, amylase, carbohydrase, dusty yeast, and the percentage by weight of its each component is:
Cellulase 26-34 pectase 12-18 amylase 16-24
Protease 17-23 carbohydrase 5-9 dusty yeast 6-10
Percentage by weight after it is optimized is:
Cellulase 30-32 pectase 13-16 amylase 18-22
Protease 19-21 carbohydrase 6-7 dusty yeast 7-8
The preparation method of preparation of the present invention is: at ambient temperature, said components is mixed pulverizing in proportion, sieved and afterwards pack.Can be at 2-5 ℃ of condition storage.
The using method of preparation of the present invention is: the proportioning of preparation of the present invention and tobacco leaf weight is 0.3 ‰-0.5 ‰, preparation is sprayed on tobacco leaf after the stirring and dissolving in water, water consumption is the 1-1.5% of tobacco leaf weight, (packing back) spontaneous fermentation 6-10 month at ambient temperature.The length of its spontaneous fermentation time depends on environment temperature, and (winter) fermentation time was long when it was cool, and (summer) fermentation time can be lacked when it was warm; And spontaneous fermentation can be after packing storage and transportation in finish, As time goes on, enzyme is inactivation gradually, so enzyme need not deactivation; After 10 months, tobacco fermentation reaches nature ageing effect can be used, and also can deposit and continue the nature ageing.
The present invention utilizes cellulose, pectin, starch and protein in cellulase, pectase, amylase, the proteasome degradation tobacco leaf, improves organic acid and ester class content in the tobacco leaf with yeast.With the time of tobacco natural ageing 2-3, shorten to 6-10 month.Polysaccharose substance such as the cellulose in the tobacco leaf, starch, pectin and protein are the main chemical compositions that influences cigarette matter, studies show that their content is many more, and the quality of tobacco leaf is poor more, and in drying and sweat, are difficult to decompose, transform.Cellulase is a glucose with the cellulose conversion in the tobacco leaf mainly, has reduced the content of cellulose that influences quality of tobacco, has increased to be beneficial to the small molecular sugar class material that improves cigarette matter.Pectin is the polysaccharide of element of the first species's more complicated, and the pectin in the tobacco leaf has high level, pectin hydrolysis under the catalytic action of pectase, methyl alcohol can be removed, pectin degrading is a galacturonic acid, not only can improve the tobacco leaf smell, and to ensureing that the healthy of smoker plays an important role.Nitrogen-containing compound in the tobacco leaf is mainly protein, and suitable protein can increase cigarette and inhale flavor, but too high levels then produces strong impulse and assorted gas.The quality of tobacco leaf reduces with the increase of protein content, and protein is amino acid by proteasome degradation, has improved schmuck value (ratio of sugar and protein), promotes the raising of cigarette matter.The tobacco leaf gloss distinctness that water-soluble saccharides content is high, glossy high resilience, presentation quality and physical characteristic are all better, and carbohydrase is converted into glucose with the polysaccharide material in the tobacco leaf, has increased the content of water-soluble saccharides, and quality of tobacco is improved.Tobacco leaf is in modulated process, and most of starch is converted into monose and compound sugar, but still contains a spot of starch, starchy material produces harmful effect when tobacco burns and sucks, the one, make incomplete combustion, the 2nd, when burning and sucking, produce and stick with paste burnt flavour, tobacco is inhaled flavor and jealous all unfavorable; Diastatic adding can make starch remaining in the tobacco leaf be converted into soluble sugar fully.
Organic acid and ester type compound are to the fragrance of tobacco with jealous material impact arranged in the tobacco leaf.Organic acid content is high more, and is jealous good more; The ester class has fruit aroma, pure fragrance and fatty taste, can coordinate with cigarette is fragrant, makes flue gas become pure and mild.The present invention produces a large amount of organic acids and Ester with yeast in the tobacco fermentation process, fragrance is shown outward, smoke alcohol and, excitant reduces, jealous comfortable totally.
The invention has the advantages that: prescription is tight, and enzyme is that component is more complete, and preparation technology is simple; The use of preparation can be quickened the natural ageing process of tobacco leaf, shorten the tobacco natural ageing cycle, need not special equipment, easy and simple to handle, and the balanced coordination of the tobacco leaf chemical composition after the ageing, sugar nitrogen ratio, sugared alkali ratio, schmuck value are tending towards rationally, and organic acid and Ester improve in the tobacco leaf simultaneously, so the perfume quantity of tobacco leaf obviously increases, flue gas strength is moderate, assorted gas, excitant obviously alleviate, and jealous comfortable clean, the tobacco leaf oeverall quality is improved.
The specific embodiment
The source of each component and specification are as follows in the example of the present invention:
Cellulase activity: 9000u/g, source: the Tianjin magnificent enzyme preparation technology of profit Co., Ltd
Pectinase activity: 30000u/g, source: the Tianjin magnificent enzyme preparation technology of profit Co., Ltd
Amylase activity: 2000u/g, source: the Tianjin magnificent enzyme preparation technology of profit Co., Ltd
Prolease activity: 30000u/g, source: the Tianjin magnificent enzyme preparation technology of profit Co., Ltd
Saccharifying enzymic activity: 100000u/g, source: the Tianjin magnificent enzyme preparation technology of profit Co., Ltd
Dusty yeast source: Angel Yeast joint-stock company (crushing screening)
Certainly, the enzyme of other different size (vigor) also can use, and only needs to convert by the unit of activity in the aforementioned ratio.
The weight of each raw material components (g) is in example 1, the preparation:
Cellulase 30 pectases 15 amylase 20
Protease 20 carbohydrase 7 dusty yeasts 8
Formulation preparation:
(1), under the room temperature condition, above-mentioned enzyme is mixed, pulverizes, sieves (fineness 80 orders), evenly mix packing with dusty yeast;
(2), in 2-5 ℃ of preservation.
Using method: above-mentioned preparation with 3L water stirring and dissolving, is sprayed on the 250Kg tobacco leaf with artificial sprayer with solution, spontaneous fermentation at room temperature 250 days equably.
Use this preparation to handle the detection of the main chemical compositions before and after the tobacco leaf and the calculating that ratio changes sees Table 1.
The weight of each raw material components (g) is in example 2, the preparation:
Cellulase 31 pectases 16 amylase 18
Protease 21 carbohydrase 7 dusty yeasts 7
The preparation of preparation is with example 1.
Using method: above-mentioned preparation with 2.6L water stirring and dissolving, is sprayed on the 200Kg tobacco leaf with artificial sprayer with solution, spontaneous fermentation at room temperature 300 days equably.
Use this preparation to handle the detection of the main chemical compositions before and after the tobacco leaf and the calculating that ratio changes sees Table 2.
The weight of each raw material components (g) is in example 3, the preparation:
Cellulase 32 pectases 14 amylase 19
Protease 19 carbohydrase 8 dusty yeasts 8
The preparation of preparation is with example 1.
Using method: above-mentioned preparation with 4L water stirring and dissolving, is sprayed on the 300Kg tobacco leaf with artificial sprayer with solution, spontaneous fermentation at room temperature 200 days equably.
Use this preparation to handle the detection of the main chemical compositions before and after the tobacco leaf and the calculating that ratio changes sees Table 3.
Table 1: with the variation of ratio between the main chemical compositions before and after this preparation processing tobacco leaf and each composition
| Tobacco sample | Total reducing sugar (%) | Total nitrogen (%) | Nicotine (%) | Protein (%) | Total reducing sugar/total nitrogen | Total reducing sugar/nicotine | Schmuck value | |
| Long County C 3L | Before the processing | 16.31 | ?1.85 | ?1.87 | ?9.88 | ?8.82 | ?8.72 | ?1.65 |
| After the processing | 19.45 | ?1.83 | ?1.85 | ?8.40 | ?10.63 | ?10.51 | ?2.32 | |
| Qianyang C 3F | Before the processing | 15.79 | ?2.01 | ?2.12 | ?10.22 | ?7.86 | ?7.45 | ?1.55 |
| After the processing | 18.22 | ?1.94 | ?2.13 | ?9.65 | ?9.39 | ?8.55 | ?1.89 | |
| Luonan C 3L | Before the processing | 16.02 | ?1.96 | ?1.48 | ?9.45 | ?8.17 | ?10.82 | ?1.70 |
| After the processing | 18.78 | ?1.97 | ?1.46 | ?8.05 | ?9.53 | ?12.86 | ?2.33 | |
Table 2: with the variation of ratio between the main chemical compositions before and after this preparation processing tobacco leaf and each composition
| Tobacco sample | Total reducing sugar (%) | Total nitrogen (%) | Nicotine (%) | Protein (%) | Total reducing sugar/total nitrogen | Total reducing sugar/nicotine | Schmuck value | |
| B floats like a unicorn 3F | Before the processing | 15.93 | ?2.46 | ?3.26 | ?12.78 | ?6.48 | ?4.89 | ?1.25 |
| After the processing | 18.43 | ?2.47 | ?3.19 | ?10.21 | ?7.46 | ?5.78 | ?1.81 | |
| Luonan B 2L | Before the processing | 17.36 | ?1.89 | ?2.43 | ?9.43 | ?9.19 | ?7.14 | ?1.84 |
| After the processing | 20.47 | ?1.86 | ?2.39 | ?8.12 | ?11.01 | ?8.56 | ?2.52 | |
| Yongshou B 2F | Before the processing | 17.94 | ?2.23 | ?3.17 | ?9.75 | ?8.04 | ?5.66 | ?1.84 |
| After the processing | 20.32 | ?2.21 | ?3.20 | ?8.73 | ?9.19 | ?6.35 | ?2.33 | |
Table 3: with the variation of ratio between the main chemical compositions before and after this preparation processing tobacco leaf and each composition
| Tobacco sample | Total reducing sugar (%) | Total nitrogen (%) | Nicotine (%) | Protein (%) | Total reducing sugar/total nitrogen | Total reducing sugar/nicotine | Schmuck value | |
| Shaanxi X 2F | Before the processing | 10.87 | ?1.34 | ?1.71 | ?8.56 | ?8.11 | ?6.36 | ?1.27 |
| After the processing | 13.46 | ?1.36 | ?1.72 | ?7.31 | ?9.90 | ?7.83 | ?1.84 | |
| Qianyang X 3F | Before the processing | 13.32 | ?1.75 | ?1.42 | ?9.12 | ?7.61 | ?9.38 | ?1.46 |
| After the processing | 15.74 | ?1.73 | ?1.40 | ?8.04 | ?9.10 | ?11.24 | ?1.96 | |
| Luonan X 2L | Before the processing | 12.53 | ?1.31 | ?1.48 | ?6.76 | ?9.56 | ?8.47 | ?1.85 |
| After the processing | 14.02 | ?1.30 | ?1.46 | ?5.63 | ?10.78 | ?9.60 | ?2.49 | |
As can be seen, the tobacco leaf total sugar content behind the preparation fermentation of the present invention all has raising in various degree from above-mentioned table, and protein content reduces, and nicotine content is constant substantially, and sugared nitrogen ratio, sugared alkali ratio, schmuck value are tending towards rationally, and the tobacco leaf interior quality is improved.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of preparation that contains complex enzyme that can improve quality of tobacco is characterized in that the percentage by weight of each component is:
Cellulase 26-34 pectase 12-18 amylase 16-24
Protease 17-23 carbohydrase 5-9 dusty yeast 6-10
2, preparation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, each weight percentages of components is:
Cellulase 30-32 pectase 13-16 amylase 18-22
Protease 19-21 carbohydrase 6-7 dusty yeast 7-8
3, preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described component is mixed pulverizing in proportion, sieved and afterwards pack.
4, according to the using method of the described preparation of claim 1, it is characterized in that the proportioning of described preparation and tobacco leaf weight is 0.3-0.5 ‰, water consumption is the 1-1.5% of tobacco leaf weight, preparation is sprayed at room temperature spontaneous fermentation 6-10 month after the stirring and dissolving on tobacco leaf in water.
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| CN101711601B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-12-05 | 四川农业大学 | Drug cigarette and processing method thereof |
| CN103355740A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-23 | 李森会 | Microbial invertase composition for improving cigarette quality and preparation method thereof |
| CN104886763A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Application of amylase in cigar fermentation and quality improvement |
| CN104939293A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for cigar tobacco through fermentation of pectinase |
| CN105831800A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Compound enzyme preparation for improving tobacco quality and application thereof |
| CN106858707A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of processing method for reducing stem crotonaldehyde release amount |
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| CN111227289A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-05 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving baking quality of flue-cured tobacco |
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| KR920016046A (en) * | 1991-02-07 | 1992-09-24 | 신석균 | Malt Equus Flavor Preparation of Tobacco for Improving Tobacco Quality |
| CN1203787C (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2005-06-01 | 李森会 | Compound enzyme for raising tobacco leaf quality and its preparation process |
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- 2005-06-08 CN CNB2005100427737A patent/CN100348135C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101711601B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-12-05 | 四川农业大学 | Drug cigarette and processing method thereof |
| CN103355740A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-23 | 李森会 | Microbial invertase composition for improving cigarette quality and preparation method thereof |
| CN104886763A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Application of amylase in cigar fermentation and quality improvement |
| CN104939293A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for cigar tobacco through fermentation of pectinase |
| CN105831800A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Compound enzyme preparation for improving tobacco quality and application thereof |
| CN105831800B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-09-01 | 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of complex enzyme formulation for improving quality of tobacco and its application |
| CN106858707A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of processing method for reducing stem crotonaldehyde release amount |
| CN106923371A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-07 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | A kind of processing method for preparing low crotonaldehyde release amount stem |
| CN111227289A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-05 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for improving baking quality of flue-cured tobacco |
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