CN101002023A - 单叶片真空泵 - Google Patents

单叶片真空泵 Download PDF

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CN101002023A
CN101002023A CNA2005800271534A CN200580027153A CN101002023A CN 101002023 A CN101002023 A CN 101002023A CN A2005800271534 A CNA2005800271534 A CN A2005800271534A CN 200580027153 A CN200580027153 A CN 200580027153A CN 101002023 A CN101002023 A CN 101002023A
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blade
vacuum pump
vane vacuum
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CN100465448C (zh
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维利·施奈德
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Joma Hydromechanic GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F01C21/0881Construction of vanes or vane holders the vanes consisting of two or more parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00Application
    • F04C2220/10Vacuum

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种单叶片真空泵,其具有杯形的外壳(12)、可偏心转动地安装在外壳(12)中的转子(18)、垂直于转动轴可移动地安装的叶片(20)、以及带有内圆周表面(30)的容纳叶片(20)的工作空间(22),叶片的互相相对设置的密封边缘(68)贴靠在所述内圆周表面上,其中叶片(20)将工作空间分成吸入腔(30)和压力腔,其中叶片的朝向内圆周表面(30)的端部(28)在朝向压力腔(26)的一侧上具有削平的段(66)。

Description

单叶片真空泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种单叶片真空泵,其具有杯形的外壳,可偏心转动地安装在外壳中的转子,垂直于转动轴可移动地安装在转子中的叶片,以及带有内圆周表面的容纳叶片的工作空间,叶片的互相相对设置的密封边缘贴靠在所述内圆周表面上,其中叶片将工作空间分成吸入腔和压力腔。
背景技术
已知具有这样结构的真空泵(DE 100 46 697 A1)。它通常用于向例如汽车中的真空消耗器提供真空,通过转子转动并且通过吸入腔从低压管路中吸收空气的方式。该叶片泵的工作空间如此设计,使得叶片通过它的两个相互相对设置的端部沿着内圆周表面引导。在这种情况下,叶片分离吸入腔和压力腔,其中所述吸入腔与吸入接口连接,所述压力腔与压力接口连接。为了获得高的效率,叶片必须持久地贴靠在内圆周表面上,因为否则吸入腔会通风。
因此已经提出一个已知的解决方案,叶片分两部分构成并且在两个叶片部分之间插入弹簧,该弹簧沿圆周表面方向向外挤压两个叶片部分。因此保证,叶片的密封边缘永久地贴靠在内圆周表面上。但是这种方案的缺点在于,该叶片由于挤压力受到显著的磨损,从而不仅降低了效率而且也缩短了维护间隔。
从DE 43 32 540 A1中已知一种叶片泵,其中多个叶片偏心地设置在转子中。该叶片在它的叶片尖端和叶片根部被施加在压力腔中存在的压力。从DE-PS 364 107中已知用于快速运行的转动体的润滑装置,其中分配润滑油膜的叶片在它的前端被夹住。
发明内容
因此本发明的任务在于,提供一种具有改善效率的单叶片真空泵。
根据本发明该任务通过开头所述类型的单叶片真空泵以下面的方式解决,即叶片的朝向内圆周表面的端部在朝向压力腔的一侧上具有削平的段。
通常叶片的端部被倒成圆柱形并且通过圆柱体的中间的接触线或者母线贴靠在工作空间的内圆周表面上。在根据本发明的单叶片真空泵中,叶片的端部在受压侧部分地削平,从而在叶片上作用的压力沿它的方向改变。通过该削平的段,压力的径向分量被提高了,该径向分量反作用于叶片的离心力。将叶片挤压到工作空间的圆周表面上的叶片的离心力同样通过来自压力腔的反作用于离心力的压力被减小。该叶片同样较小强度地被挤压在圆周表面上。
在一个优选的实施里中,削平的段构造成平坦的。这样构造的叶片端能够相当简单地制造,因为该削平的段例如通过铣削过程加工或制造。
有利地,所述段具有相对于叶片的纵向表面成0°偏移的角度。此外叶片偏心地贴靠在内圆周表面上。接触线同样具有相对于叶片的中间平面的一定距离,从而获得如下优点,即削平的段能够设计得更大。因此压力的切向上的分量进一步减小。
在一个优选的实施例中提出,限制所述段或邻接所述段的表面是部分圆柱形的。因此获得如下优点,接触线沿着叶片尖端的表面相当轻地移动。因为叶片的偏角在转子的完全旋转期间永久地改变,叶片尖端的接触线同样轻微地移动,其中叶片尖端的圆柱形的结构保证均匀的磨损。
通过在所述叶片尖端上的所述表面连续地过渡为削平的段,可以实现一致的曲线并且因此获得叶片尖端的简单制造。在这种情况下,所述表面和段在过渡位置处具有相同的切线。加工刀具能够在一个工序中制造叶片尖端或者在注塑的叶片尖端中能够简单地并且便宜地制造压铸模。
有利地,叶片具有叶片体和两个终端的顶盖。该削平的段形成在该顶盖上并且该顶盖贴靠在工作空间的内圆周表面。这具有如下主要的优点,磨损的叶片通过更换顶盖能够被维护,其中顶盖优选地有塑料制成,然而叶片体例如由金属制成。在这种情况下,叶片体是压铸元件或者注塑元件并且该顶盖被注塑。
为了固定顶盖,叶片体在它的容纳顶盖的端部分别具有一个切口,该切口垂直于叶片体的纵向宽边形成。该顶盖具有由两个平行的柄构成的U形或者C形的横截面。因此该顶盖可移动地插入到叶片体的端部上并且仍仅沿叶片的纵向轴方向运动。因此,它们由于它们的离心力能够贴靠在工作空间的内圆周表面上并且吸入腔相对于压力腔密封。
在一个实施例中,所述柄侧向形成桥接件,其中柄自身在它的自由端处构成为半圆形并且接合到在叶片体的端部上的相应的半圆形的凹口中。桥接件和用于柄的容纳部都防止顶盖在泵运行期间的非限定的运动。特别地可以防止振动或振颤,此外防止产生噪音。有利地,顶盖在较小的应力在叶片体的端部上移动。
另一个特征在于,所述顶盖可以转动180°插入到叶片体上。这意味着,叶片体的端部以及容纳部如此设计,使得它们允许顶盖的转动。
从从属权利要求以及其中参考附图详细地描述了一个特别优选的实施例的下列描述中可以得出本发明的其他优点、特征和详情。所以在附图中示出的以及在说明书和从属权利要求中所述的特征根据本发明的本质可以是单独的或者以任意方式组合。
附图说明
在附图中示出:
图1示出真空泵的分解图;
图2示出带有插入的转子和叶片的单叶片真空泵的透视图;
图3示出叶片体的透视图;
图4示出顶盖的透视图;以及
图5示出叶片的端部的俯视图,示出压力分布。
具体实施方式
在图1中用附图标记10表示整个真空泵,其中示出没有外壳盖的外壳12。该外壳12具有通向内腔16中的吸入接口14。在该内腔16中设有整体用18表示的转子,叶片20垂直于旋转轴21可移动地安装在该转子中。
如从图2中可以看出,叶片20将由内腔18构成的工作空间22分成吸入腔24和压力腔26。在这种情况下,叶片通过它的两端28贴靠在包围工作空间22的内圆周表面30上。
如从图1中可以明显看出,叶片20由叶片体32和两个顶盖34构成。图3示出叶片体32,其中图4示出顶盖34中的一个。在该实施例中叶片体32由金属制成并且是压铸部件,其中但它也能被注模。由于摩擦的原因,顶盖34由塑料制成并且被注模。为了减轻重量并且减小惯性转矩,叶片体32设有中空空间36,这些中空空间设计为连续的或者盲孔型的。叶片体32在它的两端38处分别具有一个切口40,该切口一方面沿着叶片的纵轴42的方向,另一方面垂直于宽边表面44延伸。叶片20的纵轴42位于两个宽边表面44之间并且接触线68位于纵向中间平面70和朝向吸入腔24的宽边表面44之间。
此外,两个宽边表面44在端部38的区域中设有基本上半圆形的凹口46,顶盖34的柄48(见图4)能够插入到该凹口中。该两个柄48在侧面形成桥接件50,该桥接件同样沿叶片20的纵轴42的方向延伸并且具有切口40的形状。带有桥接件50的切口40和凹口46都防止顶盖34沿轴52的方向的移动。包围端部38的柄48防止顶盖34沿轴54的方向移位。这意味着,顶盖34仅沿纵轴42的方向可移动地固定在叶片体32上。
在图5中示出具有放置顶盖34的叶片体32的俯视图。在这种情况下,顶盖34接触内圆周表面30,所以吸入腔24位于叶片20的下面并且压力腔26位于叶片20的上面。叶片20沿箭头56的方向转动并且在它的朝向吸入腔24的背面以90°的移动角度转向到在叶片20的宽边表面44。
假如叶片20具有倒圆的端部28,那么例如由在压力腔26中的压力产生的轴向压力58作用在端部28上。该压力58对着用箭头64表示的叶片20的离心力作用。
如从图4和5中可以看出,顶盖34具有削平段66,压力60作用在该削平段上。该压力60由压力58和另外的压力62组成而成,其中接触线68具有朝向叶片20的中间面70的距离A而产生所述的压力62。因为实际上作用在叶片20上的压力60由于接触线68的移动比传统的叶片中的压力58更大,并且此外由在吸入腔24中的低压产生的力74小于传统中叶片的力,所以在接触线68上的挤压力主要地减小,从而减小磨损。
此外可以明显看出,接触线38位于顶盖34的部分圆柱形的段72上。部分圆柱形段72以相同的切线连续地过渡为平坦的段66。为此获得如下的优点,即在叶片20的受压侧上存在的润滑油均匀地分布到段66和段72上,所以接触线68在它的整个长度上被使用。

Claims (14)

1.一种单叶片真空泵,其具有杯形的外壳(12);可偏心转动地安装在外壳(12)中的转子(18);垂直于转动轴(21)可移动地安装在转子(18)中的叶片(20);以及带有内圆周表面(30)的容纳叶片(20)的工作空间(22),叶片(20)的互相相对设置的密封边缘(68)贴靠在所述内圆周表面上,其中叶片(20)将工作空间(22)分成吸入腔(24)和压力腔(26),其特征在于,叶片(20)的朝向内圆周表面(30)的端部(28)在朝向压力腔(26)的一侧上具有削平的段(66)。
2.如权利要求1所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述削平的段(66)是平坦的。
3.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述段(66)具有相对于叶片(20)的纵向表面成0°偏移的角度。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,叶片(20)偏心地贴靠在内圆周表面(30)上。
5.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,叶片(20)的接触线(68)相对于叶片(20)的中间平面(70)具有距离(A)。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,限制段(66)的表面是部分圆柱形的。
7.如权利要求6所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述表面连续地过渡为段(66)。
8.如权利要求6所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述表面和段(66)在过渡位置处具有相同的切线。
9.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,叶片(20)具有叶片体(32)和两个终端的顶盖(34)。
10.如权利要求9所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,叶片体(32)在它的容纳顶盖(34)的端部(38)处分别具有一个切口(40),该切口垂直于叶片体(32)的纵向宽边(44)形成。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,顶盖(34)具有由两个平行的柄(48)构成的U形的横截面。
12.如权利要求11所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述柄(48)侧向形成桥接件(50)。
13.如权利要求10和12所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,在装配的叶片(20)中桥接件(50)接合在切口(40)中。
14.如权利要求9到13中任一项所述的单叶片真空泵,其特征在于,所述顶盖(34)可以转动180°插入到叶片体(32)上。
CNB2005800271534A 2004-07-09 2005-04-26 单叶片真空泵 Expired - Fee Related CN100465448C (zh)

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DE102004034921A DE102004034921B9 (de) 2004-07-09 2004-07-09 Einflügelvakuumpumpe
DE102004034921.5 2004-07-09

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CN100465448C CN100465448C (zh) 2009-03-04

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CN106351839A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-25 悦马塑料技术有限公司 用于叶片泵的叶片及叶片泵

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CN106351839A (zh) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-25 悦马塑料技术有限公司 用于叶片泵的叶片及叶片泵
CN106351839B (zh) * 2015-07-13 2019-10-01 悦马塑料技术有限公司 用于叶片泵的叶片及叶片泵
CN105090035A (zh) * 2015-07-24 2015-11-25 裕克施乐塑料制品(太仓)有限公司 一种带油槽的真空泵叶片及真空泵

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DE102004064029A1 (de) 2007-04-12
KR20070034091A (ko) 2007-03-27
EP1766237A1 (de) 2007-03-28
WO2006005381A1 (de) 2006-01-19
CN100465448C (zh) 2009-03-04
DE102004034921B3 (de) 2005-12-29
CA2575778C (en) 2012-11-20
DE102004064029B4 (de) 2008-04-10
KR101234491B1 (ko) 2013-02-18
DE502005002932D1 (de) 2008-04-03
DE102004034921B9 (de) 2006-04-27
EP1766237B1 (de) 2008-02-20
CA2575778A1 (en) 2006-01-19

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