CN100546474C - A kind of method that promotes fruit color - Google Patents
A kind of method that promotes fruit color Download PDFInfo
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- CN100546474C CN100546474C CNB2005100942935A CN200510094293A CN100546474C CN 100546474 C CN100546474 C CN 100546474C CN B2005100942935 A CNB2005100942935 A CN B2005100942935A CN 200510094293 A CN200510094293 A CN 200510094293A CN 100546474 C CN100546474 C CN 100546474C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of new method that promotes fruit color, be exclusively used in and promote fruit painted.The Genistein spray that contains spreader-sticker 0.1% with 10-40mg/L before fruit maturation is distributed in fruit surface, once gets final product.Perhaps the Genistein that contains spreader-sticker 0.1% with 10-40mg/L behind fruit harvesting soaks fruit once (3-5 second), dries under dark and preserves 12h, forwards to and shines (3-5 days), i.e. pigmentable under artificial light source or the sunshine.Said method, for the cover bag cultivating or do not overlap bag cultivating colour pattern fruit apple, pears, peach, Lee, apricot, grape, strawberry all can use.This is the method for a kind of high-efficient simple, promotion fruit color fast and safely, thereby improves the fruit color degree, improves exterior quality.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new method that promotes fruit color, be exclusively used in and promote fruit painted.
Two, technical background
Genistein (Genistein, GNT) be a kind of from soybean, extract animal is had the plant isoflavones material of slight estrogen action, be also referred to as 5,7,4 '-tri hydroxy isoflavone or genistein or genistein, its chemical full name is 4 ', 5,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone 5,7-dihydroxy-3 (4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopy-ran-4-one, and chemical structural formula is as follows:
The Genistein chemical structural formula
People develop GNT, are the earliest to be used for replenishing the climacteric women oestrogen deficiencies, alleviate the climacteric metancholia shape, as " Mrs's oral liquid " etc.In recent years, it is found that, it not only has scavenger-cell peroxidating product, prevent the osteoporotic effect of climacteric women, and also have cancer-resisting and beauty treatment, the anti-ageing function of waiting for a long time, thereby caused domestic and international human medical, animal medicine and the scholars' of human nutrition educational circles common concern.2005,, deeply systematically summed up the achievement in research of GNT aspect human medical, animal medicine and human nutriology by the monograph " isoflavones is activity research and application one by one " that Cui Hongbin chief editor Science Press publishes.But the application of GNT in plant husbandry never rises and attracts much attention.
This invention is after fruit maturation is gathered preceding or plucked, adopt fruit face spray cloth or fruit to dip the mode of 10-40mg/LGNT, even under low light condition, also can promote fruit surface anthocyan synthetic, increase fruit face glossiness, thereby strengthen the fruit market competitiveness.
As everyone knows, the appearance color of fruit is the important quality index of many colour pattern fruit such as apple, pears, peach, grape etc., also is the important embodiment of its fruit marketability quality.Since 1994, China's fruit growing area and gross yield all have been sure to occupy the first in the world, but, China's fruit quality far can not satisfy the consumption market requirement, annual export volume only is about 1.5% of annual production, and the outlet unit price is national well below development, even also is lower than the international average level, is difficult to participate in competition in the international market.Since China's entry into the WTO, external fruit constantly carries out on a large scale entering China's fruit market, and the homemade fruit production of China is caused great impact.Why exotic fruit impacts China fruit market, and its reason is best in quality relevant with its fruit.The proper fruit attractive in appearance, beautiful in colour of profile always gets consumer reception.How to promote fruit color, improve the fruit inside and outside quality is the major issue that China fruit tree worker is concerned about always, also is the important countermeasure of meeting the international challenge in accession to WTO back.At present, promote the method for fruit color to mainly contain: to improve tree body illumination condition, control nitrogenous fertilizer, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, bagging, priming leaf, commentaries on classics fruit, shop reflective membrane etc.In addition, spray cloth methyl, 2-methyl-4-chloro-butyric acid sodium, B in addition
9, PP
333, plant growth substances such as ethrel, abscisic acid, jasmonic to be to promote the report of fruit color.But complicated cultivation management measure is not easy by the masses on top of, and plant growth regulator such as spray cloth ethrel tend to cause the arriving in advance on respiration of fruits peak, reduce the storage property after fruit is adopted, and shorten shelf life.Not long ago, we once proposed, and used a kind of single biochemical reagents levulinic acid (Levulinic acid, LA) or glutamic acid (Glutamate, Glu), improve the light sensitivity of pericarp by changing the endogenous 5-amino-laevulic acid of fruit content, thereby impel fruit color.Through the fruit of LA or Glu processing, soluble solid content obviously rises, and can drip acid content and obviously descend, thereby not only exterior quality obviously improves, and promoted pulp flavor greatly, has good popularizing application prospect.This achievement has been applied for patent of invention (applying date 20041126, application number 200410065334.3).In further further investigation process, we find that GNT can promote fruit anthocyan synthetic more rapidly, and its effect is more rapider and efficient than LA, ALA or Glu, so propose present patent application.
Three, summary of the invention
Technical problem the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new method that promotes fruit color, is exclusively used in to promote that fruit is painted.Can promote fruit anthocyan synthetic more rapidly, its effect is more rapider and efficient than prior art, safety.
A kind of new method that promotes fruit color of technical scheme is characterized in that, contains the Genistein processing fruit surface of spreader-sticker 0.1% before fruit maturation with 10-40mg/L, once gets final product; Perhaps the Genistein that contains spreader-sticker 0.1% with 10-40mg/L behind fruit harvesting is handled fruit surface once, irradiation 3-5 days under artificial light source or sunshine then, i.e. pigmentable.Be spray cloth, be coated with, smear or soak really with Genistein processing fruit surface method.
Said method, for the cover bag cultivating or do not overlap bag cultivating colour pattern fruit apple, pears, peach, Lee, apricot, grape, strawberry all can use.
Beneficial effect
1, a kind of new method that promotes fruit color of the present invention, its effect is more rapider and efficient than prior art.
According to the Sigma-aldrich description of product introduce (
Http:// www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/ ProductDetail/SIGMA/G6776), GNT derives from soybean, and purity reaches 98%, mainly as ATP competitive inhibitor in tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor or the reaction of other protein kinase, is applied in human medical, animal medicine or biochemical test.Do not see relevant GNT so far and apply to plantation production, particularly the research of production of fruit trees report.Zhou Junli etc. (1998) once reported, GNT can suppress the amaranthus caudatus amaranth red pigment of phytochrome mediation synthetic (Chinese science, C collects, 1998,28:143-147).We have also used GNT and have handled apple in inquiring into fruit color mechanism process.And original purpose is in order to seek a kind of inhibitor of fruit color, and the result has found that but GNT has efficiently promoted the apple fruit color apace.Its speed and validity even surpass original ALA, LA and Glu that we propose.
2, a kind of new method that promotes fruit color of the present invention, its effect is more safer than prior art, and application prospect is more wide.
Because GNT also is the natural products that extracts from plant, applies to farmland production and can not cause environmental pollution or food-safety problem, so think that it may have important use in agricultural production.At present; we have carried out seeds tests such as apple (comprising the Fuji of red coloration, sweet yellow Kui and non-staining gold hat kind), nectarine, Lee, grape, strawberry; all obtained tangible effect; so this intellectual property of patent protection is in the hope of being promotion China growth of agricultural efficiency, promotion increasing peasant income service.
Four, embodiment
At the beginning of the example 1.2004 years 11 months, reach the orchard from Pei County, Jiangsu Province standing grain and pluck the but incomplete painted Fuji apple of thorax maturation in the tree crown, get its not coloured part fruit with the card punch of diameter 1.5cm, highly about 1cm, place in the culture dish that is lined with two-layer moistening filter paper, be placed on the about 180 μ molm of intensity of illumination
-2S
-1Ecological incubator in, temperature is set to 18 ± 2 ℃, continuously irradiation 48h analyzes the pericarp anthocyanidin content.Found that, the pericarp anthocyanidin content that is incubated in the dark is 0.49nmol/FW, carrying out light treatment pericarp anthocyanidin content merely is 1.07nmol/FW, with 300mg/L ALA smear pericarp for 2.22nmol/FW, and be 4.14nmol/FW (table 1) through what 22mg/L GNT smeared.Because used GNT concentration has only 1/13 of ALA, and the anthocyan accumulation is about 2 times of ALA, thereby GNT promotes that the efficient of the stripped pericarp anthocyan accumulation of apple is 25 times of ALA.
Example is sent out supermarket purchase China Gansu product " gold hat " apple from Nanjing Jin Run in mid-November, 2.2004, as the example 1 described method stripped pericarp of variable concentrations GNT processing apple.Find behind the 48h that dark place reason pericarp anthocyanidin content is 0.44nmol/gFW, that light is handled is 0.52nmol/gFW, and difference is not remarkable.Similarly,, 5.5-11mg/LGNT all rises to 0.62nmol/gFW though handling the pericarp anthocyanidin content,, do not reach the significance level of difference yet.Have only 22mg/L GNT to handle the pericarp anthocyanidin content and increase to 0.74nmol/FW, just reach 5% significance level of difference (table 2).Show,, after certain density GNT handles, under low light condition, also can accumulate certain anthocyan even do not show red apple variety when ripe.
Example in mid-January, 3.2005, pluck white ripe phase strawberry (kind is ' Feng Xiang ') from orchard, Fu Jia limit, Lishui, Nanjing, smear fruit with the GNT of variable concentrations, directly place intensity of illumination to be about 180 μ molm then
-2S
-1In the ecological incubator, irradiation is 24 hours continuously.Found that dark place reason strawberry anthocyanidin content is 1.27nmol/gFW, it is 1.49nmol/gFW that light is handled fruit, does not have notable difference.The anthocyanidin content of handling fruit with 5.5-22mg/L GNT rises to 3.15,3.86 and 5.96nmol/gFW respectively, and the utmost point is significantly higher than the light contrast of handling without GNT (table 3).
Example in mid-June, 4.2005, smear nectarine (middle oily No. 5) fruit with variable concentrations GNT, yet, place intensity of illumination to be about 180 μ molm
-2S
-1In the ecological incubator, irradiation is taken pictures with digital camera respectively at 48h, 72h and 96h continuously, gets pericarp then and measures anthocyanidin content respectively.The result shows that nectarine pericarp anthocyanidin content is 49.62nmol/gFW in the dark, is increased to 175.14nmol/FW behind the illumination 96h.If with 11 or 22mg/LGNT handle, then the pericarp anthocyanidin content increases to 210.46 and 261.51nmol/FW (table 4) respectively.Prove that once more GNT promotes the effect of fruit anthocyan accumulation.
Example in June, 5.2005 is material with the sweet yellow Kui of extremely early mature apple, the influence that research 11-33mg/L GNT is synthetic to pericarp anthocyan, and the result shows that the dark apple pericarp anthocyanidin content of preserving down is 4.92nmol/cm
2, and at faint light (60 μ molm
-2S
-1) down the pericarp anthocyanidin content be 5.75nmol/cm
2If, handle with 11-33mg/L GNT in advance, then rise to 6.3-6.61nmol/cm
2, contrast high 10-15% than light.Than the low light level (160 μ molm
-2S
-1) under, light contrast fruit is 5.83nmol/cm
2, and GNT processing fruit is 6.42-7.26nmol/cm
2, exceed 10-25% (table 5) than light contrast, illustrate that GNT synthesizes the extremely early mature apple cyanidins obvious facilitation is arranged.Handle fruit through GNT and painted positions such as bar is red, sheet is red occur.
Example in June, 6.2005 is material with the plum, soaks fruit with variable concentrations GNT and handles 3-5 second one time, places 160 μ molm
-2S
-1Under the illumination condition, 48 hours post analysis pericarp anthocyanidin contents find that light contrast pericarp is 3.15nmol/cm
2, and 11-33mg/L GNT handles fruit and is respectively 3.54,3.60 and 3.68nmol/cm
2, comparison is according to having increased by 12% (table 6) approximately.
Example in June, 7.2005, utilizing nectarine (the unknown of the kind name) fruit of buying back from market, Nanjing is material, dips in 33mg/L GNT solution coat in the surface with writing brush, places 160 μ molm then
-2S
-1In the illumination box.After 48 hours, measure the epidermis anthocyanidin content, find that it is 3.83nmol/cm that GNT handles the fruit anthocyanidin content
2, and the contrast fruit is 3.31nmol/cm
2Handle comparison according to high by 16%.
Example in July, 8.2005, (fruit juice soluble solid content scope is 7-13 ° to win the kyoto grape of 6-7 maturation from Jiangsu Province's research of agricultural science institute orchard, mean value is 8.9 °), handle with 11-33mg/L GNT solution spray cloth respectively, the contrast spray places intensity of illumination to be about 160 μ molm with clear water then
-2S
-1In the illumination box.Grape fruit begins colouring successively in illumination after 24 hours, but relatively slowly.72 hours painted speeds up, and notable difference occurs between the different disposal." Invest, Then Investigate " was found in 96 hours, and the contrast fruit ear is except only a few fruit grain is painted, and most particles are all not painted; And 33mg/L GNT handles fruit ear, and it is painted that many particles have all begun, and depth number difference is just arranged.11 and 22mg/L GNT handle fruit ear and be situated between between the two.The fruit grain is pressed the shade ordering, measure wherein painted 20 darker fruit pericarp anthocyanidin contents relatively then, the result shows, handles though contrast fruit color ratio is starkly lower than GNT, but the berry (1122.51nmol/gFW) that the pericarp anthocyanidin content is the highest but is contrast.Analyze reason, find high especially relevantly, reach 13 °, be higher than other any one with its soluble solid content.The degree of growing exists greatest differences between different fruit ear fruit grains, and we remove painted three the darkest berry results of different disposal, compare the effect of different disposal then, the results are shown in Table 7.Contrast fruit grain anthocyan average content is 65.43nmol/FW, and 11mg/L GNT is treated to 87.32, and 22mg/L GNT is 157.46, and 33mg/L GNT is treated to 161.78nmol/gFW.That is, three kinds of concentration GNT handle back anthocyan average content comparison according to exceeding 33.46%, 140.65% and 147.26%.
In addition, if just classify by the pericarp anthocyanidin content, then contrast the above fruit grain of 300nmol/gFW in the fruit and account for 6%, what 100nmol/gFW was above accounts for 6%, and what 100nmol/gFW was following accounts for 88%; 11mg/L GNT handles in the fruit, and the above fruit grain of 200nmol/gFW accounts for 18%, accounts for 6% more than the 100nmol/FW, and following accounts for 76%; 22mg/L GNT handles in the fruit, and the above fruit grain of 300nmol/gFW accounts for 18%, and 200nmol/gFW accounts for 12%, and what 100nmol/gFW was above accounts for 29%, and following accounts for 41%; 33mg/L GNT handles in the fruit, and what 400nmol/gFW was above accounts for 6%, and what 300nmol/gFW was above accounts for 18%, and what 200nmol/gFW was above accounts for 6%, and what 100nmol/gFW was above accounts for 24%, and following accounts for 47%.The painted ratio that GNT handles has increased grape fruit is described, thereby the fruit intergranular is painted more even.11mg/L GNT has had obvious effect, and 22mg/L GNT effect is better, and the 33mg/LGNT effect increases little.
Table 1 GNT handles the influence to the stripped pericarp anthocyanidin content of Fuji apple
Table 2 variable concentrations GNT handles and Gold Delicious apple to be exsomatized (base value is 0.27 ± 0.06nmol/gFW, and light is handled intensity of illumination and is about 180 μ molm for the influence of pericarp anthocyanidin content
-2S
-1)
Annotate: different lowercases represent difference remarkable on 5% level in the table.
Table 3 variable concentrations GNT handle to strawberry exsomatize the fruit anthocyanidin content influence (24 hours, the about 180 μ molm of intensity of illumination
-2S
-1)
Table 4.GNT handles and nectarine (middle oily No. 5) to be exsomatized (base value is 45.37 ± 11.52nmol/gFW, and light is handled 96h, and intensity of illumination is about 180 μ molm for the influence of fruit anthocyanidin content
-2S
-1)
Table 5 GNT handles the stripped fruit anthocyanidin content (nmol/cm to sweet yellow Kui Pingguo
2) influence (handle 72h, 18 ℃ of temperature)
Table 6. variable concentrations GNT handles plum pericarp anthocyanidin content (nmol/cm
2) influence (handle 48h, 18 ℃ of temperature)
Table 7. variable concentrations GNT handles the influence of kyoto grape fruit grain anthocyanidin content (unit: nmol/gFW presses painted depth ordering on the fruit ear)
Claims (3)
1. a new method that promotes fruit color is characterized in that, contains the Genistein processing fruit surface of spreader-sticker 0.1% before fruit maturation with 10-40mg/L, once gets final product; Perhaps the Genistein that contains spreader-sticker 0.1% with 10-40mg/L behind fruit harvesting is handled fruit surface once, irradiation 3-5 days under artificial light source or sunshine then, i.e. pigmentable.
2. a kind of new method that promotes fruit color according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is spray cloth, is coated with, smears or soak really with Genistein processing fruit surface method.
3. a kind of new method that promotes fruit color according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the cover bag cultivating or do not overlap bag cultivating colour pattern apple, pears, peach, Lee, apricot, grape, strawberry all can use.
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| CN102057906B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2013-09-11 | 常大勇 | Fruit coloring adjunct and method for promoting fruit coloring with same |
| US20140377420A1 (en) * | 2012-01-08 | 2014-12-25 | Atp Corp. | Dye stabilizing process for strawberries |
| CN102715026A (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-10-10 | 北京农学院 | Method for promoting strawberry fruit coloring |
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| CN104287075A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-21 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for coloring prunus salicina fruits red |
| CN104223331A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-24 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for promoting post-harvest plum fruit coloring |
| CN104247755A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-31 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for yellowing prunus salicina fruits |
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| CN106509595A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-22 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method of inducing anthocyanin accumulations of skins and pulps of prunus salicina fruits after harvesting |
| CN107410351B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2020-06-23 | 李怡舒 | Regulating agent for grapes |
| CN109769505A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-21 | 山东农业大学 | The application of nano-titanium dioxide |
| CN110692654A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-17 | 张拓 | Crop photosynthesis yield increasing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110663762B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-12-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for promoting coloring of bagged peach fruits after picking |
| CN111559937A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-21 | 潍坊真维农生物工程有限公司 | Biological activator for promoting fruit coloring and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112056385A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for enhancing accumulation of pigment substances in red-pulp peach fruits |
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| CN1633288A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-06-29 | 努特里奇亚有限公司 | Use of genistein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of osteoporosis and obesity, and compositions containing genistein in combination with vitamin d and k |
| CN1660125A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2005-08-31 | 南开大学 | New capability and application of soybean isoflavone for enhancing and improving memory |
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| CN1633288A (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-06-29 | 努特里奇亚有限公司 | Use of genistein in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of osteoporosis and obesity, and compositions containing genistein in combination with vitamin d and k |
| CN1660125A (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2005-08-31 | 南开大学 | New capability and application of soybean isoflavone for enhancing and improving memory |
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