CN102057906B - Fruit coloring adjunct and method for promoting fruit coloring with same - Google Patents
Fruit coloring adjunct and method for promoting fruit coloring with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102057906B CN102057906B CN 201010596944 CN201010596944A CN102057906B CN 102057906 B CN102057906 B CN 102057906B CN 201010596944 CN201010596944 CN 201010596944 CN 201010596944 A CN201010596944 A CN 201010596944A CN 102057906 B CN102057906 B CN 102057906B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- ZCOLJUOHXJRHDI-CMWLGVBASA-N genistein 7-O-beta-D-glucoside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C(C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)=COC2=C1 ZCOLJUOHXJRHDI-CMWLGVBASA-N 0.000 description 2
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit coloring adjunct and a method for promoting fruit coloring with the same, wherein the fruit coloring adjunct comprises anthocyanosides liquid, also can comprise at least one of photosynthetic bacteria, chitin, chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, monopotassium phosphate, lemery and wetting agent. Within one to forty-five days before picking up, the fruit coloring adjunct is sprayed to the surface of fruit once to five times. The effect of directly spraying the fruit coloring adjunct to the fruit is better than the effect of spraying the fruit coloring adjunct toleaf surfaces. No harmful substance remains in the fruit by using the method, and the sugar content and the hardness of the fruit are enhanced. The invention is suitable for fruit, such as apples, grapes, cherries, tomatoes, and the like, and has important meanings for enhancing the fruit valve, increasing the export yield, and enhancing the income of peasants.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit toner and adopt this fruit toner to promote the method for fruit color, belong to biochemical reagents in application in agriculture, be exclusively used in and promote that fruit is painted.
Background technology:
The appearance color of fruit is the important quality index of many colour pattern fruit such as apple, pears, peach, grape etc., also is the important embodiment of its fruit marketability quality.Why export volume is few for China's fruit, and export price is low, and its major reason is exactly that fruit appearance quality is not high.China's fruit tree area is with average annual about 9% speed steady-state growth.Since 1994, China's fruit growing area and total quantity all were sure to occupy the first in the world, and 2003, China's production of fruit trees area reached 943.67 ten thousand hm, accounted for 18% of world's fruit tree area; 7551.5 ten thousand tons of gross yields account for 15.7% of Gross World Product.Yet China's fruit export volume only has 148.7 ten thousand tons, and the outlet rate is still less than 2%, and the outlet average unit price is 0.31 dollar/kg only, is 63% of world's fruit outlet average unit price.External fruit carries out on a large scale entering China's fruit market at present, and the homemade fruit production of China is caused great impact.
Promote fruit color, improve outward appearance and generally come into one's own in recent years that present method mainly contains: improve tree body illumination condition, control nitrogenous fertilizer, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, bagging, priming leaf, commentaries on classics fruit, shop reflective membrane etc.
A kind of the simplest and practicable method of improving appearance color and interior quality is sprayed the cloth plant growth regulating substance exactly.Have the thirties in 20th century people to advise spraying the cloth rhodanate and can promote fruit color, but found afterwards, the improper meeting of rhodanate spray cloth causes serious blade poisoning.Thiosulfate can make oranges and tangerines hyperchromic, but effect is not to be satisfied with especially.The sixties, the someone proposed again, and B9 can promote the apple cyanidins accumulation, 6-BA, and abscisic acid, GA3, uniconazole P can impel fruit color, however people make that to the concern of food-safety problem the use of this type of plant growth regulator is very careful in recent years.The ethrel safety non-toxic can promote that apple is painted, but can cause the apple storage property to descend.Experimental study shows that natural brassin, jasmine acid esters have been obtained certain effect in the grape colouring, and it is red painted that Genistein can make fruit color increase.Though up to the present have many scientific research personnel to do many tests, the plant growth regulator that really comes into operation seldom, otherwise coloring effect is not obvious, be difficult for causing some side effects.
Therefore need to seek new environmental protection, safe, efficient, nontoxic, economical, method easily, when improving fruit appearance, can improve the interior quality of fruit again, as improve taste, raising pol etc.Satisfying under the above-mentioned requirements, also to guarantee safety non-toxic, human body there is not harm, also harmless to fruit itself.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art and a kind of environmental protection, safe, efficient, nontoxic, economic, fruit toner and adopt this fruit toner to promote the method for fruit color easily be provided, it is when improving fruit appearance, can improve the interior quality of fruit again, and safety non-toxic, human body there is not harm, also harmless to fruit itself.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure: the fruit toner is characterized in that it contains anthocyan liquid.
In order to realize that further purpose of the present invention, described anthocyan liquid adopt Grape Skin or purple eggplant skin, purple wild cabbage employing alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid to soak and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Fruit toner according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anthocyan liquid is claret.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, described anthocyan liquid is mixed and made into by anthocyan and water, and every liter of anthocyan liquid contains anthocyan 100-2000 milligram.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, it also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 0-99: 100-1.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, it also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 1-99: 99-1.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, it also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 1-50: 99-50.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, it also contains at least a following material: chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent, the weight ratio of the gross weight of this material and anthocyan liquid is 0-20: 100-80.
In order further to realize purpose of the present invention, it also contains at least a following material: chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent, the weight ratio of the gross weight of this material and anthocyan liquid is 0-20: 100-80.
Adopt the fruit toner to promote the method for fruit color, it is characterized in that in fruit harvesting preceding 1 day-45 days on the blade face or fruit surface sprays above-mentioned fruit toner 1-5 time.
The present invention can produce following good effect compared with the prior art:
The present invention takes biological method to promote that apple is painted, improves fruit appearance, improves the fruit interior quality simultaneously, is worth thereby promote fruit, improves the fruit competitiveness, finally improves orchard worker's income.This method does not contain any detrimental substance, mainly is to biological substances such as fruit or blade spraying anthocyan liquid, anthocyan photosynthetic bacteria liquid or chitosan oligosaccharides.Be sprayed directly on on the fruit more obvious than spraying on the blade face effect.
The color of fruit mainly is how much content by anthocyan in the fruit decides.Descend at the fructescence chlorophyll content, anthocyanidin content rises, and what of anthocyanidin content directly influence the appearance color of fruit, are also determining the essence of fruit.Trace elements such as illumination, temperature, dew and rare earth element, potassium element can both have influence on the formation of anthocyanin.This project increases the content of anthocyan the fruit from two kinds of angles.A kind of method is the formation of inducing anthocyan in the fruit by allogenic material, and another kind of method is directly to replenish anthocyan in fruit.
One, directly sprays anthocyan liquid to blade or fruit and can promote fruit color: from plant, extract anthocyan and directly spray application on the blade, replenish the deficiency of maturing stage fruit anthocyan, fast easyly again replenish anthocyan from external source, reach and improve the purpose that the fruit colouring improves interior quality.The present invention is mainly from extracting anthocyan from Grape Skin, eggplant skin, purple wild cabbage, or adopts claret, and other anthocyan liquid also is suitable for.
Two, photosynthetic bacteria can promote fruit color and anthocyan to form: photosynthetic bacteria can promote the photosynthesis of fruit tree, and photosynthetic reinforcement, it is the key factor of impelling fruit anthocyan to form, by to fruit tree foliage-spray photosynthetic bacteria, can improve anthocyan in the fruit, chlorophyllous content, promote fruit color, hyperchromic.
Three, photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. are mixed spray application to the blade face, the fruit anthocyanidin content will be increased substantially.
Four, the present invention is by the coloring effect to various proportionings, heavy and the solubility solid content of simple grain, shedding situation and taste of fruit, and every index determining such as pericarp anthocyanidin content, pericarp chlorophyll content, fruit soluble sugar and organic acid content and estimate and finally obtain best prescription.Carry out the large tracts of land experiment and demonstration by this prescription, finally obtain best technical scheme.
10 proportionings are established in test, and 3 kinds of different consumptions of each proportioning compare with clear water, individual plant residential quarter, 5 repetitions.Began to spray in preceding 40 days in plucking, midfeather 15 days sprays twice altogether, fruit picking at the beginning of 10 months picking time.Measure every index.
1, measures the photosynthetic bacteria of different extension rates to the influence of fruit color and anthocyanidin content
2, from Grape Skin, extract anthocyan, dilute 100,200,300 times of liquid respectively and spray, measure fruit anthocyanidin content, and index such as coloring effect.
3, to compound formulation photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid etc. carry out different proportion, different extension rate sprays, and determines best coloring effect.
The key technical indexes:
The project the key technical indexes is painted coefficient, the heavy and solubility solid content of simple grain, shedding situation and taste of fruit.The support study dies index comprises pericarp anthocyanidin content, pericarp chlorophyll content, fruit soluble sugar and organic acid content, and every index request, mensuration and evaluation method are as follows:
1, colour index
This project of employing product, the final painted IV level that reaches of index request, concrete evaluation method is as follows:
Get 100 fruit grains at random, carry out an analysis such as fruit grain size, sugar content, color and luster, color measuring adopts range estimation to pass judgment on, and adopts painted staging to carry out painted index analysis relatively.
Painted formula of index:
Colour index (%)=(∑ fruit grain number X at different levels typical values at different levels)/(the highest typical value of total grain number X) X100%
2, the heavy and solubility solid content of simple grain: be higher than contrast.
3, observe the shedding situation, taste local flavor.
The project product requirement does not have shedding, pure taste.
4, pericarp anthocyanidin content: improve more than 50% than contrast.
Mensuration is with reference to methods such as Ma Zhiben.
5, pericarp chlorophyll content: lower than contrast, Changing Pattern and contrast are more or less the same, and treat to study in the project.
With reference to the honest and clean method of Zhu Guang.
6, fruit soluble sugar and organic acid content
Soluble sugar increases by 1%, organic acid content: descend than contrast, and consistent with the contrast Changing Pattern, treat to study in the project.
Measure and adopt anthrone method.
The result:
This seminar is to fruit color research since 2007 3 years, obtains positive effect with the test of red product (orchard is red) on red grape that increase for preparing in 2007.In September, 2007 the Longkou red grape done the orchard red on colour test, fast and even with the red colouring in orchard with other goes up the toner contrast on the market respectively at spraying 2 times red 200 times of liquid in orchard on September 8, October 8, went on the market ahead of time 5-7 days.Carried out the large tracts of land test in 2008 in apple orchards, many places such as Mouping, Shandong, Qixias, to begin to spray the orchard in previous month red plucking, and sprays altogether 2 times, and the apple colouring is very fast and even, it is red that the orchard worker reflects that apple has sprayed the orchard, just without lay reflex film!
2008, cooperate to have selected representative plot in the Mouping with fruit industry development centre, Mouping, Shandong in 2009, adopt scientific method, prescription in this project has been carried out tentatively groping testing, obtained more satisfied result.
Numbering 1 is for extracting anthocyan in the Grape Skin
Numbering 2 is anthocyan 50% and photosynthetic bacteria 50% in the Grape Skin
Numbering 3 is commercially available abundant claret
Number 4 Genistein 2000mg/L
Number the contrast of 5 clear water
Can find out that from table anthocyan promotes painted, effect is remarkable.
Admixture photosynthetic bacteria better effects if.
Five, the market demand and industrialization prospect:
Improve fruit appearance and improve the fruit interior quality, current be to be related to China's fruit in the key of competitiveness in the international market, directly have influence on the development of China's fruit industry.Red deep or light it is worth of apple also has considerable influence, and the red degree of fruit colour has almost become the sign that is worth especially in the international market.Color and luster is redder effectively to improve the ability of fighting for sale, and the tone red price that heals is higher.Therefore, people wish to produce more aesthetic in appearance, and look red apple of fine quality satisfies domestic and international consumers in general's needs.
1, the market demand is huge
Chinese fruit tree harvest area is 1.6 hundred million mu according to statistics, and gross yield reaches 8,700 ten thousand tons, becomes China's plant husbandry relaying grain, vegetables the third-largest pillar industry afterwards.After this project was succeeded in developing, market potential reached tens million of tons.
2, remarkable economic and social benefits, industrialization prospect is wide
At present because fruit quality is relatively poor, the outlet rate is still less than 2%, and the outlet average unit price is 0.31 dollar/kg only, is 63% of world's fruit outlet average unit price.Behind this project of employing product, fruit exterior quality, inherent quality all obtain to significantly improve, if improving 10% by price calculates, average every kilogram increases about 0.2 yuan, then increase per ton is 200 yuan, increased income in 1 year 16000000000 yuan, this is to improving farmers' income, and solving the life of farmers problem will have and great and profound significance.
3, Environmental Safety
Material that this project is added does not contain steroids and other harmful substance, and all Environmental Safety can not work the mischief to people and animals, meets food security, and useful and harmless to the storage in fruit later stage.This also is to distinguish with progressive with the maximum of other painted series products.
Embodiment: following the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated:
Embodiment 1: adopt anthocyan liquid as the fruit toner, the dilution of anthocyan liquid is plucked bag at apple for 100 times spray the blade face four times in the previous moon.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts Grape Skin to soak with alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Embodiment 2: the solution of the mixed preparing of employing photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 1: 99, the solution of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid mixed preparing is diluted 200 times, pluck at grape and sprayed fruit surface in preceding 10 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts purple wild cabbage to soak with alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Embodiment 3: adopt the solution of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wetting agent mixed preparing as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wetting agent is 100: 5: 5: 1: 0.5, the solution of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and wetting agent mixed preparing is diluted 150 times, pluck in preceding 5 days at cherry and spray fruit surface one time.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts claret.
Embodiment 4: adopt photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the solution of potassium sulphate and wetting agent mixed preparing is as the fruit toner, photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the weight ratio of potassium sulphate and wetting agent is 50: 50: 5: 2: 2: 2: 1: 0.2, with photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the solution of potassium sulphate and wetting agent mixed preparing dilutes 50 times, plucks in preceding 20 days at tomato and sprays fruit surface three times.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts anthocyan and water to be mixed and made into, and every liter of anthocyan liquid contains 100 milligrams of anthocyan.
Embodiment 5: the solution of the mixed preparing of employing photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and wetting agent is as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and wetting agent is 99: 1: 0.1, the solution of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and wetting agent mixed preparing is plucked at grape sprayed fruit surface one time in preceding 1 day.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts anthocyan and water to be mixed and made into, and every liter of anthocyan liquid contains 2000 milligrams of anthocyan.
Embodiment 6: the solution of the mixed preparing of employing photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and chitosan oligosaccharide is as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and chitosan oligosaccharide is 30: 80: 1, with 150 times of the solution of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and chitosan oligosaccharide mixed preparing dilutions, spray the blade face five times at apple-picking in preceding 45 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts the purple eggplant skin to soak with alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Embodiment 7: adopt the solution of anthocyan liquid and wetting agent mixed preparing as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of anthocyan liquid and wetting agent is 100: 0.1, the solution of anthocyan liquid and wetting agent mixed preparing is plucked bag at cherry spray fruit surface one time in preceding 4 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts anthocyan and water to be mixed and made into, and every liter of anthocyan liquid contains 1000 milligrams of anthocyan.
Embodiment 8: adopt the solution of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and potassium sulphate mixed preparing as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and potassium sulphate is 40: 60: 5, the solution of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid and potassium sulphate mixed preparing is diluted 50 times, pluck at tomato and sprayed fruit surface in preceding 15 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts purple wild cabbage to soak with alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Embodiment 9: adopt the solution of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent mixed preparing as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent is 100: 6: 6: 3: 2.5: 2: 0.5, to adopt 20 times of the solution dilutions of the mixed preparing of anthocyan liquid, chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent mixed preparing, spray the blade face four times at apple-picking in preceding 30 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts claret.
Embodiment 10: adopt the solution of photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin and potassium sulphate mixed preparing as the fruit toner, the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin and potassium sulphate is 20: 70: 8: 2, and 10 times of the solution of photosynthetic bacteria, anthocyan liquid, chitin and potassium sulphate mixed preparing dilutions are plucked at eggplant sprayed fruit surface twice in preceding 10 days.Above-mentioned anthocyan liquid adopts the purple eggplant skin to soak with alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
Claims (9)
1. anthocyan liquid is as the purposes of fruit toner.
2. purposes according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anthocyan liquid adopts Grape Skin or purple eggplant skin, purple wild cabbage employing alcohol and 0.5% diluted acid to soak and made in 20 hours-30 hours.
3. purposes according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anthocyan liquid is claret.
4. purposes according to claim 1 is characterized in that described anthocyan liquid is mixed and made into by anthocyan and water, and every liter of anthocyan liquid contains anthocyan 100-2000 milligram.
5. purposes according to claim 1 is characterized in that the fruit toner also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 0--99:100-1, and wherein the weight of photosynthetic bacteria is not 0.
6. purposes according to claim 5 is characterized in that the fruit toner also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 1-99:99-1.
7. purposes according to claim 5 is characterized in that the fruit toner also contains photosynthetic bacteria, and the weight ratio of photosynthetic bacteria and anthocyan liquid is 1-50:99-50.
8. according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 or 7 described purposes, it is characterized in that the fruit toner also contains at least a following material: chitin, shitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulphate and wetting agent, the weight ratio of the gross weight of this material and anthocyan liquid is 0-20:100-80, and wherein the gross weight of this material is not 0.
9. method that adopts the fruit toner to promote fruit color is characterized in that spraying the fruit toner 1-5 time on preceding 1 day-45 days inherent blade faces of fruit harvesting or fruit surface, and wherein the fruit toner contains anthocyan liquid.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102613198B (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2014-01-15 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Chitosan oligosaccharide agricultural composition for improving coloration of plants and application thereof and method by utilizing same to improve coloration of plants |
| CN104542712B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2018-01-05 | 烟台固特丽生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of toner for promoting fruit color |
| CN105237071A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-01-13 | 山东劲脉生物技术有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer promoting fruit to be colored and preparation method |
| WO2017214958A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | 张铭强 | Micro-carbon plant anthocyanin for promoting early colouring and plumping of fruits, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106922464A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-07-07 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method for promoting cherry fruit coloring |
| CN107136310B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2021-01-08 | 台州中知英健机械自动化有限公司 | Preparation method of ornamental fish color increasing agent |
| CN107410351B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2020-06-23 | 李怡舒 | Regulating agent for grapes |
| CN108323513A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-27 | 西安田本农用化学有限责任公司 | A kind of fruits and vegetables coloring upgrading growth promoting liquor |
| CN111559937A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-21 | 潍坊真维农生物工程有限公司 | Biological activator for promoting fruit coloring and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111869458A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-03 | 句容市同力生物科技有限公司 | Method for improving coloring of crop fruits |
| CN115710140A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-24 | 山东邦尔泰现代农业科技有限公司 | Coloring agent for improving fruit quality and preparation method thereof |
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