CN100542804C - 用矿棉生成管套的方法及该管套 - Google Patents
用矿棉生成管套的方法及该管套 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100542804C CN100542804C CNB2004800103479A CN200480010347A CN100542804C CN 100542804 C CN100542804 C CN 100542804C CN B2004800103479 A CNB2004800103479 A CN B2004800103479A CN 200480010347 A CN200480010347 A CN 200480010347A CN 100542804 C CN100542804 C CN 100542804C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe box
- enhancement layer
- pipe
- nonwoven web
- mineral wool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(2+);diborate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] XBJJRSFLZVLCSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O HHSPVTKDOHQBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloral hydrate Chemical compound OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CMVOJSWILFNLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dibromate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]Br(=O)=O.[O-]Br(=O)=O CMVOJSWILFNLFI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNSYCBFBTCINRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristrontium;diborate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[Sr+2].[Sr+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] LNSYCBFBTCINRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/22—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of both discrete and continuous layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/562—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally spirally
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- B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
- B32B19/02—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica the layer of fibres or particles being impregnated or embedded in a plastic substance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/021—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials comprising a single piece or sleeve, e.g. split sleeve, two half sleeves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
- B29C31/002—Handling tubes, e.g. transferring between shaping stations, loading on mandrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
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- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于生成管套的方法,该管套由矿棉制成,用于使管道绝缘或者用于降低管道系统中的声级,该方法包括如下步骤:提供由矿棉制成的非纺织网(11),非纺织网设有未硬化粘结剂;将非纺织网(11)卷绕在卷绕机的卷绕心轴(2)上;使粘结剂硬化。在非纺织网(11)进入卷绕机之前提供至少一个加强层(12、13),从而在卷绕期间,加强层成为所生成管套的构成部分。本发明还涉及管套,其包含由矿棉制成的带有硬化粘结剂的卷绕的非纺织网以及至少一个加强层。因此,可通过较少的劳动以节省成本的方式生成管套,且管套可以装配成,首先具有改善的机械特性,和/或其次具有与传统管套相比几乎不变的机械特性但具有较低的体积密度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用矿棉生成管套的方法,还涉及管套,其包含由矿棉制成的、带有硬化粘结剂的卷绕的非纺织网(nonwoven web)。
背景技术
这种类型的管套经常用于例如在供热和供水线路中使管道绝缘,从而使能量损失最小化。这种管套的绝缘层通常通过将由矿棉制成的非纺织网卷绕在卷绕机的心轴上而生成,并且如在DE 35 36 174 C1中所述,其可以具有附加的薄金属板外叠层。通过该叠层(其通常为薄铝板),传统上可改善管套尤其是沿径向的耐压强度。另外,该金属叠层还提供了对于可能存在于管套中的任何疏松纤维材料的滴流保护(trickleguard)。
虽然已经尝试并检验了这种用于使管道绝缘的传统的管套,但特别是施加金属叠层的处理步骤需要相对大量的劳动并且相对昂贵。另一方面,如果省去该金属叠层,则会出现这样的问题,即,灰尘的积聚可能会增加,同时管套的触感和强度变差。
在进一步的应用领域中,这种类型的管套还用于降低管道系统(例如,供暖装置(烟囱系统)或通风系统)中的声级。这里,具体地通过以适当的方式被反射并吸收的声波,极大地削弱了流经气体的声能。为此,传送气体的管和管路系统在管套区域中设有通常凭经验限定的孔,气体通过这些孔可膨胀进入在管和外部壳体之间的空间。由于该空间填充有矿棉填充物,因此有效地衰减了气体振荡以及由气体震荡造成的声波。
只要存在填充的矿棉并且矿棉基本上完全填充了其所分配的空间,当然就可以保持声级降低效果。然而,由于矿棉包括大量通过粘结剂彼此粘结的纤维,因此尤其在机械作用或气流的情况下,该内部粘结会消除,从而各纤维会脱离结合。这是应该防止的,因为声级降低效果会减小,并且还因为纤维碎片一定不能随着气体排放,从而避免对环境不可控制的沾污和污染,并最终还危及健康。
在DE 31 44 193 A1中说明了这种管套的一个示例。该已知的管套具有矿棉绝缘层,该绝缘层是由非纺织网形成的,该非纺织网在管套生产中以传统的方式卷绕在卷绕心轴上,在已经除去矿物纤维管套之后,该心轴留有为管开口的通道。为了保护管套,尤其是保护外周表面免于机械损坏从而避免纤维断裂或纤维松卸(discharge),该已知的管套还设有机织玻璃织物护套。该护套与绝缘层相比还具有减小的直径,从而绝缘层以在某种程度上被压缩的状态存在于该护套中,这实现了位置的固定并且还有益于弹簧特性,从而改善了结构的机械完整性。实际上已经对该管套进行尝试并检验;然而,为了生产这种管套,除了用于单独生产部件的步骤之外,特别地还需要用于将绝缘层插入到护套中的安装步骤,这尤其在相对大量的情况下复杂且产生问题。
发明内容
本发明所基于的目的是这样一种生成管套的方法,该方法可通过较少的劳动以节省成本的方式实现,并且首先其生成具有改善的机械特性的管套,和/或其次其生成这样的管套,该管套具有与传统管套相比较几乎不变的机械特性但具有较低的体积密度。
从工艺过程的角度来看,该目的通过下述方法来实现。该方法包括如下步骤:提供由矿棉(设有未硬化粘结剂)制成的非纺织网,将该非纺织网卷绕在卷绕机的卷绕心轴上,使粘结剂硬化,在非纺织网进入卷绕机之前提供至少一个加强层,从而在卷绕期间,所述加强层成为所生成管套的构成部分。
因此,根据本发明,可以以令人吃惊的低技术费用并且不必中断传统的生成过程(尤其是卷绕操作),而改善机械特性。具体地,管套的机械特性可这样得以改善,结果可大大地减少纤维断裂(例如在外部机械影响下)的危险。根据本发明的过程还尤其适于大规模批量生产,结果可以更经济地生产这种类型的管套。
另外,由于引入了加强层,因此可具体地控制待生产的管套的强度特性,从而在工艺过程方面可以通过尤为少的劳动来对体积密度作适当改变以用于不同用途,也就是说,由于加强层的加强效果而节省了体积密度,但是仍保持管套的稳定性。
因此,可以这样的方式将至少一个加强层施加在非纺织网上,即,所述加强层与后者一起卷绕,并且其在卷绕后存在于管套内。这样,可具体设定并改善待生成的管套的机械特性,而外观并不比现有技术突出。除了管套的稳定作用之外,同时还可以通过适当地选择加强材料而减少体积密度,从而可实现减少所生成的管套的整体重量。另外,即使在大规模的情况下,也可以不费力地实现将加强层附加到待卷绕的非纺织网上,从而在工艺过程方面可以仅以最低限度增加的劳动大大地改善材料特性。
在这种情况下,还有利的是加强层包括多个分离条带,这些条带均放置在非纺织网上然后与非纺织网一起卷绕。这样,可以以在工艺过程方面尤为有利的方式来控制加强材料的输入。这些条带可以不费力地以所期望的彼此关系沉积在非纺织网(其通常由传送元件送出)上期望、预定的位置处,而后与所述非纺织网一起自动地卷绕。
对于此可选或另外地,也可以以这样的方式将加强层加到非纺织网的末端上,即,该加强层以叠层的效果位于管套的外部,而最后层布置在整个圆周上。因此,可提供外部护套或叠层,如已经在开始说明的DE 3536 174 C1中或者DE 31 44 193 A1中所提出的那样,但是在工艺过程方面只能通过相当大的劳动进行布置。根据本发明,由于相应的加强层自动地卷绕在周围,所以可显著地减少该劳动。根据本发明,由于卷绕操作通常又与矿棉材料的一定压缩量相关,因此可以生成与现有技术中相同程度的、相对于加强材料护套的一定预应力的矿棉材料,从而可获得成品的有利的反弹特性和机械特性。通过围绕根据本发明的管套外部卷绕的加强层,可提供可靠的滴流保护,也可以生成更平滑的表面。可以更方便地处理以这种方式形成的管套。另外,可以节省成本的方式获得更高机械强度的管套。
在另一可选或补充结构中,可以在卷绕非纺织网之前将所述至少一个加强层施加在卷绕心轴上,使其代表了确定管套内径的管套内表面。这样构造的管套在用于降低管道系统(例如,供暖装置或通风系统)中的声级时特别有利,从而即使在流经气体的作用下也可以可靠地保持所粘结的矿物水纤维的粘合,并且尤其是可以提供一种滴流保护,以可靠地防止可能疏松的颗粒进入管道系统中。换言之,旨在由此防止在相对高的空气或气体速度下的磨损(即纤维磨损)。这样,可以在节省成本并在工艺过程方面以较少的劳动的情况下,提供这样形成的管套的“内叠层”。
如果玻璃非纺织物、机织玻璃纤维织物(例如,E-玻璃)等用作加强层,则尤为有利。这些已经通过实际试验证明为有利的,加上相对低的体积密度,所以它们具有良好的机械特性并可以与非纺织网一起不费力地卷绕。
另外,在提供以用于卷绕操作之前,加强层可通过附加的粘结剂而润湿,通过这种方法,在粘结剂硬化之后,可在这样生成的模制件中实现改善的结合。该附加粘结剂例如可以在工艺过程方面几乎不费力的方式简单地喷射到所供应的加强层上。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种由矿棉制成的管套,该管套通过上述方法而制成。该管套表现出了上述方法所述的有利效果。
具体地,提供了一种由矿棉制成的管套,用于使管道绝缘,该管套由带有硬化粘结剂的卷绕的非纺织网形成,并且其中有至少一个加强层位于管的内侧上和/或封装在连续卷绕层之间的边界的至少一部分处。
优选地,所述至少一个加强层封装在卷绕层内。因此,其可用作管套内一种“加强件”,这意味着可增加管套的机械强度。然而,尤为有利的是利用这些改善的机械特性,来减少管套的体积密度从而减少生产成本。因此,根据本发明的管套不同之处在于具有良好的容重与机械强度的比,能够很大程度地节省大规模生产的成本。
在这种情况下,所述加强层可包括多个分离条带,这意味着可具体地设定管套的机械特性。具体地,可以这种方式在体积密度减少与机械强度增加之间产生适当的平衡。
在另一实施例中,加强层可以设置为滴流保护件的形式,该滴流保护件沿周向卷绕在管套的周围。这样,在管套的周面上可形成改善的表面,这允许管套相对于外部机械影响得以加强。因此,可基本上减少在不适当处理等情况下纤维断裂的危险,从而可以以最大可能的程度避免纤维松卸。此外,加强材料的这种用作“叠层”的护套在很大程度上抑制了纤维松卸,并且在处理期间在触感上更舒适且更平滑。这使得例如在安装期间更易于处理根据本发明的管套。如与薄金属板(其因为刚性而可以被自动准确地供应)相比较,使用玻璃非纺织物作为滴流保护件是不可能的,因为它们在固有的稳定性方面有缺陷,因此根据本发明的方法构成了实现该方面的简单且有效的可行措施。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种由矿棉制成的管套,用于降低管道系统(尤其是低温供暖装置(管道装置)或通风系统)中的声级,该管套由带有硬化粘结剂的卷绕的非纺织网形成,并具有至少一个加强层,该加强层提供了管套的内表面,该内表面确定了管套的内径。因此,在管套中可继续获得衰减气体振荡或声波所需的扩展空间,同时提供了一种对于可能已经疏松的颗粒的滴流保护。在实际试验中,已证明该结构尤其适于吸收气流中的压力峰值(例如通常在供暖或通风装置中主要在起动期间出现的压力峰值),这是由于部分燃烧噪声通过废气通道而传送到外部。具体地说,因此可满足在德意志工业标准(DIN)4109和技术噪声说明中规定的对在建造结构中的噪声预防的需求。
所使用的加强层优选地为玻璃非纺织物、E-玻璃的机织玻璃纤维织物等,其具有上述的优点。
此外,加强层可包括颗粒材料,例如红外辐射吸收材料或热屏蔽材料,从而改善根据本发明的管套的特性。
另外,加强层可包括箔材料,例如热反射箔,其包含诸如铝的金属。
加强层可用杀菌剂来处理。
另外,加强层可设有允许卷绕层分离的装置,从而减少管的外径或内径。
附图说明
下面将使用附图通过示例性实施例更详细地描述本发明,附图中:
图1表示根据本发明所修改的卷绕机的示意图;
图2表示通过根据图1的卷绕机生成的、根据第一实施例的管套的主视图;
图3表示根据本发明的管套的第二实施例的主视图;
图4表示在生成第二实施例的管套期间卷绕机的供应带的细节;
图5表示第三实施例的管套的主视图;以及
图6表示在供热装置中的示例性应用。
具体实施方式
图1以高度示意的方式表示卷绕机1的侧视图,在其上生成根据第一实施例的管套10(参见图2)。卷绕机1具有卷绕心轴2,将由矿棉制成的非纺织网11以固有的传统方式卷绕在该心轴上,由第一供应带3供应该非纺织网11。
在所示图中,非纺织网11已经基本卷绕在卷绕心轴2上,在开始卷绕操作之前已将内部加强层12放置在卷绕心轴2上,这样在卷绕操作过程中,加强层变为待生成的管套10的一体构成部分。
此外,卷绕机1包括第二供应带4,通过该第二供应带可以这样的方式供应外部加强层13,即,使其前端与非纺织网11的末端部分重叠,从而使其也卷绕成卷。卷绕心轴2进一步旋转的结果是,加强层13最终围绕所存在卷的整个周边行进,并且其末端以可从图2中示意看出的方式与其前端重叠。因此,加强层13完全沿周向位于卷的周围,并形成围绕该卷的外护套或叠层。
在随后的硬化步骤中,使得在这样形成的模制件中的粘结剂硬化,从而该模制件变为管套10,然后取出卷绕心轴2,从而最终管套10呈可从图2看出的形状。
图3至图5是本发明的修改实施例,其中在卷绕操作过程中,以条带的形式引入加强层。因此,图3表示根据本发明第二实施例的管套20的主视图。在该图中,加强层22也卷绕在非纺织网21的内部。基于此,以可从图4看出的方式,加强层22布置在通过第一供应带3供应给卷绕机1的非纺织网21上。
图5表示第三实施例,根据该实施例管套30具有两个在非纺织网31中一体的加强层32和33。这两个加强层已经在卷绕操作之前在特定的时间彼此分离地布置在非纺织网31上。
管套20和30构造成,使得它们可优选地用于使管道绝缘。在图6中显示了使用管套10的另一方法。在该示意图中,供暖装置40具有加热块41、废气管42和管道43,废气可通过废气管42从低温供暖装置被引到管道43,该低温供暖装置例如形成为油供暖装置或气供暖装置。
在废气管42中插设有声级降低装置44,该装置包括壳体45,该壳体封装了根据第四实施例的管套50,该管套50对应于管套10,除了可能存在外部加强层13之外。
管套50包含卷绕的非纺织层51以及内部加强层52,该内部加强层提供了确定管套50的内径的内表面。该内部加强层52由E-玻璃非纺织物形成,并因此具有孔,气流可通过这些孔膨胀进入卷绕的非纺织物51中。因此,在装置44中,尤其在供暖装置40的起动期间出现的压力峰值可分散,从而降低声级。同时,加强层52最大程度地防止了由于进入废气管42或管道43中的流动作用而使疏松的颗粒松卸。作为相对于流动的废气的进一步保护,可在壳体45内部、在加强层52之前布置有细筛目铁丝筐。
本发明允许进一步涉及除了上述实施例之外的结构。
例如,加强层也可设置成这样的长度,超过非纺织网的前端和末端而伸出,从而在卷绕操作过程中,形成管套内表面的加强层和包括在卷绕层内的加强层以及形成外部护套的加强层设置成整体。
另外,不必如图1中所示的方式使加强层13的前端与非纺织网11的末端重叠;作为代替,加强层13也可紧接着非纺织网11被引入卷绕操作中。另外加强层13还可从下方供应给非纺织网11。
内部加强层12或52也可预先分开地布置在卷绕心轴2上;可选地,其也可以传统的方式由供应带供应并围绕卷绕心轴2卷绕,然后卷绕非纺织网11或51。
在所有示例性实施例中,各加强层的长度和宽度尺寸根据成品的期望特性来选择,从而例如加强层也可设计成足够长以使其自身在卷中或多或少地重叠。然而,各加强层的宽度优选地这样选择,以使其对应于相应非纺织网的宽度,从而这样允许在整个产品上均匀地实现有利特性。
此外,加强层可包括颗粒材料,例如红外辐射吸收材料。如在WO02/09528中所公开的,适当的红外线吸收和散射材料吸收并散射具有在4至40μm范围内的波长的红外辐射。优选地,IR吸收和散射材料吸收6-8μm(1667-1250cm-1)范围内的红外辐射。IR吸收和散射材料可包括硼酸盐化合物、碳酸盐化合物、氧化铝化合物、硝酸盐化合物和亚硝酸盐化合物。这些化合物可以是碱金属盐或碱土金属盐。硼酸盐化合物、碳酸盐化合物、氧化铝化合物是优选的。适当的硼酸盐包括硼酸锂、硼酸钠、硼酸钾、硼酸镁、硼酸钙、硼酸锶和硼酸钡。优选地,硼酸盐为硼酸钠(即,硼砂,Na2B4O5(OH)4·8H2O或者Na2B4O7·10H2O),或者硬硼钙石(Ca2B6O11·5H2O)。适当的碳酸盐包括碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸钙(即,方解石,CaCO3)、白云石(CaMg(CO3)2)、碳酸镁(即,菱镁矿,MgCO3)、碳酸锶和碳酸钡。优选地,碳酸盐为碳酸钙、白云石和菱镁矿。适当的氧化铝化合物包括水合氧化铝(Al2O3·3H2O或Al(OH)3)和三氧化二铝(Al2O3)。ALCOA生成了HYDRAL和水合氧化铝的B-303颗粒。
另外,加强层可包括颗粒材料,例如热屏蔽材料。热屏蔽材料可在磷化合物中选择,例如碱土金属磷酸盐,尤其是磷酸钙。磷酸钙(尤其是正磷酸盐(Ca3(PO4)2)和焦磷酸盐(Ca2P2O7))已知为耐熔的,并且这些化合物分别具有1670℃和1230℃的熔点。磷化合物也可以是从下面化合物中选择的化合物:
-铵盐,磷酸铵,尤其是磷酸氢铵(称为AHP))、磷酸二氢铵(称为ADP)和磷酸盐(尤其是偏磷酸盐和焦磷酸盐类型)。
这些铵盐可以为纯净的,或者可以包括有机基;
-以其各种形式的磷酸,尤其是正磷酸(H3PO4)、偏磷酸和多磷酸([HPO3]n);
-铝磷酸氢盐,尤其是磷酸氢铝或磷酸二氢铝自身,或者与正磷酸混合。
Claims (21)
1、一种用于生成管套(10;20;30;50)的方法,该管套由矿棉制成用于使管道绝缘或者用于降低管道系统中的声级,该方法包括如下步骤:
a)提供由矿棉制成的非纺织网(11;21;31;51),该非纺织网设有未硬化的粘结剂,
b)将该非纺织网(11;21;31;51)卷绕在卷绕机的卷绕心轴(2)上,
c)使该粘结剂硬化,
在所述非纺织网(11;21;31;51)进入卷绕机之前提供至少一个加强层(12、13;22;32、33;52),从而在卷绕期间,所述加强层成为所生成的管套的构成部分;
其特征在于,以这样的方式将所述加强层(13)加到非纺织网(11)的末端上,即,使该加强层以叠层的效果位于管套(10)的外部,作为围绕整个圆周布置的最后层。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,以这样的方式将所述至少一个加强层(22;32,33)施加在非纺织网(21;31)上,使所述加强层与非纺织网一起卷绕,并且其在卷绕后存在于所述管套(20;30)内。
3、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强层包括多个分离条带(32,33),这些条带均放置在非纺织网(31)上然后与该非纺织网一起卷绕。
4、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在卷绕非纺织网(11;51)之前将所述至少一个加强层(12;52)以这样的方式施加在卷绕心轴(2)上,以提供确定所述管套(10;50)的内径的管套的内表面。
5、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强层(12、13;22;32、33;52)是玻璃非纺织物。
6、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强层(12、13;22;32、33;52)是由E-玻璃制成的机织玻璃纤维织物。
7、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强层在被提供以用于卷绕操作之前,通过附加粘结剂而润湿。
8、一种由矿棉制成的管套(20;30),该管套用于使管道绝缘或用于降低管道系统中的声级,该管套通过根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法制成。
9、一种由矿棉制成的管套(20;30),该管套用于使管道绝缘,该管套由带有硬化粘结剂的卷绕的非纺织网(21;31)形成,其特征在于,有至少一个加强层(22;32,33)位于管的内侧上,和/或封装在连续卷绕层之间的边界的至少一部分处;并且,
为滴流保护件形式的一个加强层(13)沿周向卷绕在该管套的周围。
10、根据权利要求9所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层(22;32,33)封装在卷绕层内。
11、根据权利要求9或10所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层(32,33)包括多个分离条带。
12、根据权利要求9所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层(12、13;22;32、33;52)为玻璃非纺织物或机织玻璃纤维织物。
13、根据权利要求9所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层包括颗粒材料。
14、根据权利要求13所述的管套,其特征在于,所述颗粒材料是红外辐射吸收材料或热屏蔽材料。
15、根据权利要求9所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层包括箔材料。
16、根据权利要求15所述的管套,其特征在于,所述箔材料是热反射箔。
17、根据权利要求16所述的管套,其特征在于,所述热反射箔包含金属。
18、根据权利要求17所述的管套,其特征在于,所述金属是铝。
19、根据权利要求9所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层用杀菌剂来处理。
20、根据权利要求10所述的管套,其特征在于,所述加强层设有允许卷绕层分离的装置,从而减少管的外径或内径。
21、一种由矿棉制成的管套(50),该管套用于降低管道系统,尤其是供暖装置(40)或通气系统中的声级,其特征在于,该管套具有至少一个加强层(52),其提供了管套(50)的内表面,该内表面确定了管套的内径;并且,
为滴流保护件形式的一个加强层(13)沿周向卷绕在该管套(50)的周围。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10317937A DE10317937A1 (de) | 2003-04-17 | 2003-04-17 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohrschalen aus Mineralwolle sowie derartige Rohrschalen |
DE10317937.2 | 2003-04-17 |
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CN1774340A CN1774340A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
CN100542804C true CN100542804C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
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US (1) | US7740922B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1617996B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4560037B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101085959B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100542804C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE364502T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004230224B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0409438B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2522981A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE10317937A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1617996T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2288256T3 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO338456B1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL1617996T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2335690C2 (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2004091910A1 (zh) |
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WO2011037578A1 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Heat transfer systems and methods |
PL2566904T3 (pl) | 2010-05-07 | 2021-12-06 | Knauf Insulation | Węglowodanowo-poliaminowe środki wiążące oraz wytwarzane z nich materiały |
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WO2015120252A1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-08-13 | Knauf Insulation, Llc | Uncured articles with improved shelf-life |
GB201408909D0 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-07-02 | Knauf Insulation Ltd | Binders |
GB201517867D0 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2015-11-25 | Knauf Insulation Ltd | Wood particle boards |
WO2017181197A1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-19 | Saprex, Llc | Composite insulation system |
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- 2004-04-14 US US10/553,188 patent/US7740922B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-14 ES ES04727285T patent/ES2288256T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-14 JP JP2006505119A patent/JP4560037B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-14 EP EP04727285A patent/EP1617996B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-14 DE DE602004006986T patent/DE602004006986T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-14 BR BRPI0409438-7A patent/BRPI0409438B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-14 KR KR1020057019522A patent/KR101085959B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-14 UA UAA200509693A patent/UA85052C2/ru unknown
- 2004-04-14 WO PCT/EP2004/003918 patent/WO2004091910A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-04-14 AT AT04727285T patent/ATE364502T1/de active
- 2004-04-14 DK DK04727285T patent/DK1617996T3/da active
- 2004-04-14 RU RU2005130955/04A patent/RU2335690C2/ru active
- 2004-04-14 PL PL04727285T patent/PL1617996T3/pl unknown
- 2004-04-14 CA CA002522981A patent/CA2522981A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-14 CN CNB2004800103479A patent/CN100542804C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2522981A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
ES2288256T3 (es) | 2008-01-01 |
RU2335690C2 (ru) | 2008-10-10 |
KR20060010747A (ko) | 2006-02-02 |
WO2004091910A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
UA85052C2 (ru) | 2008-12-25 |
ATE364502T1 (de) | 2007-07-15 |
BRPI0409438B1 (pt) | 2014-10-07 |
JP2006525885A (ja) | 2006-11-16 |
CN1774340A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
DE10317937A1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
EP1617996A1 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
NO20055453L (no) | 2005-11-17 |
KR101085959B1 (ko) | 2011-11-22 |
BRPI0409438A (pt) | 2006-04-18 |
EP1617996B1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
NO338456B1 (no) | 2016-08-15 |
US20060141177A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
DE602004006986T2 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
DE602004006986D1 (de) | 2007-07-26 |
DK1617996T3 (da) | 2007-10-08 |
AU2004230224B2 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
US7740922B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 |
JP4560037B2 (ja) | 2010-10-13 |
PL1617996T3 (pl) | 2007-10-31 |
NO20055453D0 (no) | 2005-11-17 |
RU2005130955A (ru) | 2006-05-10 |
AU2004230224A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
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