CN100506657C - 散货集装箱组件 - Google Patents
散货集装箱组件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100506657C CN100506657C CNB028207173A CN02820717A CN100506657C CN 100506657 C CN100506657 C CN 100506657C CN B028207173 A CNB028207173 A CN B028207173A CN 02820717 A CN02820717 A CN 02820717A CN 100506657 C CN100506657 C CN 100506657C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sidewall
- bulk container
- collapsible bulk
- lid
- locking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B65D11/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
- B65D11/18—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected
- B65D11/1833—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected whereby all side walls are hingedly connected to the base panel
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Pallets (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
Abstract
一种可折叠散货集装箱(1)和颗粒货物,该集装箱(1)包括设有滑轨(20)的承载基底部件(2)、可折叠侧壁(3)以及一可拆卸盖(5)。所述侧壁(3)通过铰链可活动地连接在基底部件上。所述盖子(5)设有一外缘(51)和一内缘(52)。两个相对的第一侧壁(31、32)设有从所述第一侧壁(31、32)的外表面垂直伸出并且靠近所述第一侧壁(31、32)的垂直边缘布置的连接部件(35),两个相对第二侧壁(33、34)设有沿着所述第二侧壁(33、34)的两个垂直边缘垂直布置在后表面上的连接缘(36)。接收连接部件(36′)布置在与所述第二侧壁(33、34)的后表面平行地伸出的所述连接缘(37)的内表面上,这些接收连接部件(36′)用来与所述第一侧壁(31、32)的所述连接部件(35)相互作用。所述第二侧壁(33、34)的后表面还设有靠近两个垂直边缘的凹槽(37),而所述第一侧壁(31、32)的垂直边缘设有跟部(38),这些跟部(38)用来与所述凹槽(37)相互作用,所述盖子(5)的外缘(51)和内缘(52)如此布置,从而当将所述盖子(5)装配在所述侧壁(3)上时它们限制了竖立侧壁(3)的向内和向外的运动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可折叠散货集装箱,它具有一可拆卸盖,该盖与袋状内层形式的所谓衬里一起用来输送和存储液体、糊状物和颗粒状货物。
背景技术
货盘式集装箱类型的可折叠集装箱由于相当大地降低了返回输送体积所以是一种常见的集装箱。可折叠集装箱优选由热塑性材料制成,该材料形成又轻又坚固并且具有容易保持清洁的表面的集装箱。热塑性塑料集装箱还有这样的优点,其皮重不会改变,而在例如木质集装箱的情况下皮重会出现变化,例如如果木头变湿的话则该皮重可能会加倍。其它优点还有,任何人都知道热塑性塑料不会腐蚀,但是由金属例如铝和钢制成的集装箱会腐蚀。大多数热塑性材料对于化学物质例如酸和碱还具有良好的耐受性,这对于木头或金属而言就不行。
散货物的装卸是与装箱货物分开的,因为散货物可以进行灌注、泵送或舀送而装箱货物往往进行拣选。矿泉水可以用作在这两种货物之间的差异的示例。矿泉水可以用罐提供以便泵送和灌注,这被称为散货装卸,或者用瓶子或罐子提供,这可以被称为装箱货物装卸。作为可以提及可以进行散货装卸的物质的其它示例,具有各种粘度的流体物质、颗粒、粉末、谷物、粒状或糊状物质。这些物质例如还可以为工业用的化学药品、在食品业内的半成品和成品、石化产品例如石油、燃油和煤炭以及塑料颗粒。
在可折叠集装箱的不同部分之间的密封问题在装卸粉末、更小的颗粒和流体时不可避免地会出现。这些密封问题最容易地通过采用设置在竖立集装箱内部上的所谓的衬里来克服。该衬里优选具有与容器的内部空间相同形状的完全密封袋的形状。该衬里适合在上侧处设有一填充口并且在下侧处设有一排空口。该集装箱当然还必须在下端处设一孔,从而使得该排空口可以接通。除了解决密封问题之外,衬里的优点在于,它容易满足高卫生要求。
发明内容
通过本发明已经实现了一种具有可拆卸盖的新颖散货集装箱。因此,本发明涉及一种以货盘式集装箱形式的可折叠散货集装箱,用来运输和存放流体和颗粒货物。该集装箱包括设有滑轨的承载基底部件、可折叠侧壁、优选地,袋状内层形式的所谓衬里以及一可拆卸盖。所述侧壁通过铰链可动地连接在基底部件上,并且相邻侧壁机械锁紧在一起。本发明的特征在于,所述盖子设有一外缘和一内缘。两个第一相对侧壁设有从所述第一侧壁的外表面垂直伸出并且靠近所述第一侧壁的垂直边缘布置的连接部件。两个相对第二侧壁设有沿着所述第二侧壁的两个垂直边缘垂直布置在后表面上的连接缘。接收连接部件布置在与所述第二侧壁的后表面平行地伸出的所述连接缘的内表面上。这些接收连接部件用来与所述第一侧壁的所述连接部件接合。所述第二侧壁的后表面还设有靠近两个垂直边缘的凹槽,而所述第一侧壁的垂直边缘设有跟部,这些跟部用来与所述凹槽接合,所述盖的外缘和内缘如此布置,从而当将所述盖装配在所述侧壁上时它们限制了竖立侧壁的向内和向外的运动。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方案,盖子设有锁紧部件,用来将所述盖子锁在侧壁上。这些锁紧部件优选设有操纵把手、一垂直布置的枢轴以及一锁紧离合器。侧壁设有用来与所述锁紧离合器接合的狭槽,由此通过转动运动来操作所述锁紧部件。适当地设置枢轴的长度、从侧壁的上边缘到狭槽的距离以及外缘的高度,从而在将盖子装配在竖立的侧壁上时所述狭槽被外缘挡住。基底部件的向上延伸的侧壁支撑件适宜设有下狭槽,从而使得在侧壁装载在折叠位置中时能够通过所述盖子的锁紧部件和所述下狭槽将该盖子锁在基底部件上。该盖子还适宜设有孔,其中可以插入一密封销。该孔适宜如此布置,从而操纵把手由密封销阻挡,从而使得不可能在不破坏该密封件的情况下打开该集装箱。由于集装箱和盖子的这个设计,从而该密封件可以应用在折叠和竖立的集装箱上。
根据本发明的一可选实施方案,可以用向上延伸的锁紧销来代替侧壁的狭槽,这些锁紧销用来到达在盖子中的通孔。然后通过在操纵把手中的沟槽来接合这些锁紧销。这些锁紧销通过转动运动接合所述沟槽。这个特性将使得在相邻侧壁之间的夹角稍微弯曲。这个弯曲性将降低在集装箱的不同部件之间坍塌的危险。这种坍塌可能由在集装箱的流体内容物在颠簸运输期间产生冲击波时不同的锁紧部件和铰链等断裂造成。这些问题和用于避免这些问题的进一步的装置在本技术说明书的下面部分中也涉及到。
根据本发明的一特定实施方案,该盖子设有弹性部分。该弹性部分最优选由在盖子中央的较大部分构成,通过使盖子中央具有比盖子剩余部分具有更薄的货物厚度或者通过设有一个或多个波纹部分从而使得该盖子中央具有弹性,所有这些都用来限制弹性部分的垂直运动。弹性部分的目的在于阻尼在集装箱的流体成分中的冲击波。这些冲击波例如在该集装箱掉落时还有在颠簸运输器件出现,并且可能在集装箱上产生较大的应力,从而这可能坍塌。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,侧壁在下边缘设有角形凹槽,每个角形凹槽具有一水平边缘和两个垂直边缘。水平延伸的枢轴在下边缘附近布置在每个垂直边缘上。在水平边缘上还布置有锁紧闩锁,所述锁紧闩锁主要从所述水平边缘垂直延伸出并且具有靠近其自由端设置的锁紧跟部。该基底部件设有插座,这些插座具有向内且向上面对的孔道以及与侧壁的内表面垂直地布置的两个垂直表面。所述垂直表面设有靠近侧壁的前表面布置的垂直沟槽,所述垂直沟槽在垂直沟槽的底部处改变方向从而它向内延伸。这些垂直沟槽、枢轴、垂直表面和垂直边缘布置成相互接合。另外在基底部件上还布置有狭窄的垂直沟槽,并且该狭窄垂直沟槽设有布置成与所述锁紧闩锁和所述锁紧跟部接合的锁紧肋条。
可折叠散货集装箱的侧壁优选由一内层和一外层构成,在这些层之间布置有一个连续的中空空间或几个分开的中空空间。一个或多个加强梁优选布置在这个中空空间中或这些中空空间的一个或多个中。这种加强梁可以由金属例如铝或钢制成,但是也可以由可能填充有加强材料例如玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳族聚酰胺纤维的热塑性材料例如聚烯烃或聚酰胺制成。可以在该中空空间中采用木头作为加强部件。这些中空空间还可以填充有其平均密度为50-500kg/m3的聚合泡沫,该泡沫选例如由聚氨基甲酸乙酯或聚烯烃构成。填充泡沫对于加强梁及其等同物是个补充。
根据本发明可选实施方案的侧壁可以通过用热塑性材料分别注射模制出内、外层来实现。这些层在注射模制之后通过焊接、螺钉、铆钉或卡扣连接相互连接。
或者内、外层可以通过真空模制板状热塑性工件制成,这些层在该材料仍然较热期间连接在一起。还可以通过对热塑性材料进行吹塑加工来一体地制造出内外板。可以通过上述工艺实现具有主要为平面的外表面的侧壁。
根据上面的可折叠集装箱优选主要是通过注射模制、真空模制、吹塑或压力模制方法由一种或多种选自由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚氯乙稀、聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚酰胺和聚碳酸酯组成的组中的聚合材料制成。它们优选通过选自由注射模制、真空模制、吹塑和其组合方法组成的组中的方法制成。由于构成该集装箱的不同部分的所要求的材料特性不同,所以可以为此对热塑性塑料添加不同的添加剂。这些已知添加剂的示例有使得该材料更加柔韧并且更加耐冲击的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯和橡胶球或使得该材料更加刚性但另一方面更加脆的玻璃纤维、碳纤维、钢纤维或芳族聚酸胺纤维。
附图说明
下面将结合显示出本发明不同实施方案的公开附图对本发明作进一步说明,其中:
图1显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1。
图2显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的上部,其中锁紧部件53用来将盖子5锁到侧壁3上。
图3显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的下部,其中锁紧部件53用于在侧壁3折叠时将盖子5锁到基底部件2上。
图4显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的下部,其中侧壁3铰接在基底部件2上。
图5显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的上部拐角,其中两个相邻侧壁31和34分别锁在一起。
具体实施方式
因此,图1显示出根据本发明的一种可折叠散货集装箱1。该可折叠散货集装箱1形成为一种货盘式集装箱,并且用来运输和存放液态和颗粒状货物。集装箱1包括设有滑轨20的一承载基底部件2、可折叠侧壁3、优选地,袋状内层形式的所谓衬里以及一可拆卸盖子5。侧壁3通过铰链可动地连接在基底部件上,并且相邻侧壁3机械锁紧在一起。盖子5设有一外缘51和一内缘52(参见图2)。两个第一相对侧壁31、32分别设有分别从所述第一侧壁31、32垂直伸出的连接部件35(参见图5)。连接部件35分别布置在所述第一侧壁31、32的垂直边缘附近。两个第二相对侧壁33、34分别设有分别沿着所述第二侧壁33、34的两个垂直边缘垂直布置在后表面上的连接缘36(参见图5)。接收连接部件36′(参见图5)布置在分别与所述第二侧壁33、34的后表面平行地伸出的所述连接缘36的内表面上。接收连接部件36′用来分别与所述第一侧壁31、32的所述连接部件35相互作用。所述第二侧壁33、34的后表面在两个垂直边缘附近还分别还设有凹槽37(参见图5),而所述第一侧壁31、32的垂直边缘分别设有跟部38(参见图5),这些跟部38用来与所述凹槽37相互作用。所述盖子5的外缘51和内缘52如此布置,从而在将所述盖子5装配在所述侧壁3上时它们限制了竖立侧壁3的向内和向外的运动。
作为滑轨20的可选方案,基底部件2可以设有支脚(未示出)。这里优选的是,集装箱1的两个长边的每一个设有两个(在两个侧面的每一个上一个)与基底部件2的下部模制成一体的稍微细长的支角。在四个角部的每一个中优选为该集装箱1设有具有主要为方形横截面的支脚(未示出)。在这些角部支脚受到很大的推力和其它力时,由于根据本发明的集装箱通常用叉车进行装卸,所以它们优选由与基底部件2的下部模制成一体的内支柱制成。然后,它们设有一外部结构,它们通过任意已知的方法紧固到中央支柱上,由此加强了该角部支脚。角部支脚的这些外部结构然后将吸收大部分能量,由此保护了该中央支柱。该外部结构如果受到永久损坏的话则可以容易更换。还有,集装箱1的短边边缘并且在一些情况中还有长边边缘可以设有这种类型的可更换支脚。具有上述支脚组的集装箱还将更便于叉车从四个方向进入,这是一个优点。
该两部式支脚还使得能够采用能够长时间承受负载而不会变形的刚性材料。这些材料通常相当易脆,并且抵抗冲击的强度降低。外部结构可以由更有弹性的材料制成,这将更好地应付例如叉车齿的冲击。假如出现事故,则损坏的外部结构总之容易更换。
必要时该两步式支脚优选设有一些类型垫片,它们变得不透水。例如,食品业不能接受可以收集水的插座,因为细菌会在那里滋生。
还显示出优选不在集装箱1基底的中央位置中设置支脚。通过避免这种支脚,从而使得基底能够挠曲且不会使目前避免的中央支脚转动进入枢轴,该集装箱可以绕着该枢轴旋转。这在其中集装箱相互堆叠在一起的运输期间也是个优点。如在本申请中所述一样,盖子设有弹性部分,该部分用来阻尼在运输期间产生的突然冲击波。这些冲击波可能以其它方式使集装箱1断裂。没有中央支脚使得用于弹性部分的空间能够暂时向上运动而不会受到这种支脚的阻碍。
盖子5还设有用来将所述盖子5锁在侧壁3上的锁紧部件53。这些锁紧部件53设有操纵把手531(参见图2和3)、垂直布置的枢轴532(参见图2和3)以及锁紧离合器533(参见图2和3)。侧壁3设有狭槽39(参见图2),它们用来与所述锁紧离合器533相互作用,由此通过转动运动来操纵所述锁紧部件53。枢轴532的长度、从侧壁3的上边缘到狭槽39的距离以及外缘51的高度如此调整,从而在将所述盖子5装配在竖立侧壁3上时所述狭槽39由外缘51挡住。基底部件2的向上延伸侧壁支撑件21(也参见图3)设有下狭槽22(参见图3),这些下狭槽使得能够在侧壁3装载在折叠位置中时利用锁紧部件53和下狭槽22将该盖子5锁在基底部件2上。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,盖子5设有如此成形的凹槽,从而操纵把手531总是位于盖子5的外边缘内部。这样,防止了操纵把手531突然损坏。锁紧部件53还可以设有如此布置的卡扣腹板,从而它卡扣在其锁紧和未锁紧的两个位置之间。通过这个部件,从而锁紧部件53不会由于在运输期间的振动而突然打开。
盖子5根据本发明一个实施方案设有向上朝向的堆叠定位器54,它将引导布置在盖子5的顶部上的集装箱1的滑轨20或支脚(未示出)。这些堆叠定位器54的内边缘优选为斜截或倾斜的,由此将设置在其上的集装箱1引导进正确的位置中。
根据本发明的一个特定实施方案,如上所述的角部支脚的外部结构优选制作成与盖子5的颜色不同的颜色。这将产生出对比的效果,这使得仅仅注意到一个的叉车操作人员更容易在堆叠期间将集装箱1堆叠到另一个的顶部上。
如上所述,根据本发明的集装箱1有时堆叠在一起,即一个在另一个的顶部上。这些集装箱1的叠往往相邻布置。在由于盖子5的外缘在下降到位时会抓住相邻叠的上边缘所以使得盖子5伸出到集装箱1的侧壁外面的情况下,这一般会产生问题。可以通过在侧壁上增加小角形肋条来避免这个问题。然后这些肋条将使任意边缘部分脱离与盖子5的边缘接合。该盖子5另外可以设有倾斜边缘。解决该问题的另一个方式是为侧壁3的上边缘设置凹槽,盖子5可以装配进该凹槽中。由此,盖子5可以让其外缘位于集装箱1的外周边内部。
侧壁3另外在下边缘64(参见图4)处设有角形凹槽6(参见图4),每个角形凹槽6具有一水平边缘61(参见图4)和两个垂直边缘62(参见图4)。水平延伸的枢轴63(参见图4)布置在下边缘64附近的每个垂直边缘62上。在水平边缘61上另外还布置锁紧闩锁65(参见图4),所述锁紧闩锁65大体上从所述水平边缘61垂直延伸出并且具有设置在其自由端附近的锁紧跟部66(参见图4)。基底部件2设有插座23(参见图4),这些插座23具有向内并且向外面对的孔道以及与侧壁的内表面垂直地布置的两个垂直表面24(参见图4)。这些垂直表面24设有布置在侧壁3的前表面附近的垂直沟槽25(参见图4),所述垂直沟槽25在其底部处改变方向,从而它向内延伸。垂直沟槽25、枢轴63、垂直表面24和垂直边缘62布置成相互作用。在基底部件2上另外还布置有狭窄的垂直沟槽26(参见图4),该狭窄垂直沟槽26设有锁紧肋条27(参见图4),该锁紧肋条布置用来与所述锁紧闩锁65和所述锁紧跟部66相互作用。
侧壁3由一内层和一外层构成,并且相应地在它们之间布置有一个连续中空空间或几个单独的中空空间。一个或多个加强梁可以布置在其中一个中空空间中。这种加强梁可以由金属例如铝或钢制成。也可以采用由填充有加强材料例如玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳族聚酰胺纤维的热塑性材料例如聚烯烃或聚酰胺制成的加强梁。还可以采用木头作为在中空空间中的加强部分。这些中空空间也可以填充其平均密度为50-500kg/m3的聚合泡沫,该泡沫例如由聚氨基甲酸乙酯或聚烯烃构成。设有加强梁的侧壁3当然可以填充有泡沫。
采用这种加强梁的一个很大优点在于,它可以定制以承受预定的负载。例如,可以使该加强梁预紧并且设有特定的弹性模量。当填充该集装箱1时,以及在运输期间,该集装箱1的内容物将在侧壁3上产生推压力,从而与基底和相邻侧壁互锁。在侧壁3自身是刚性的情况中,这些锁紧部件受到很大的力,这些力会使它们断裂。另一方面,不可能使用弹性太大的侧壁3,因为侧壁在填充集装箱1时会挠曲,由此使得不可能或非常难以将盖子布置在其上。例如在本申请所述的预紧梁将使得能够完美地平衡填充集装箱的内容物的挠曲作用,且不会使得侧壁3具有如此的刚性,从而在侧壁3之间以及在侧壁3和基底部件之间的锁紧部件在由快速装填引起或在运输期间的颠簸锁产生的突然推力期间断裂。
通过用热塑性材料通过注射模制单独形成内、外层。在注射模制之后通过焊接将这些层相互连接。也可以通过真空注塑板状热塑性工件来制造内外层,这些层在该材料仍然较热期间通过焊接连接在一起。内外层可以同时通过用热塑性材料进行吹塑来交替地制造出。根据本发明的集装箱1的侧壁3的内、外层具有大体上为平面的表面。
如在这里所述的侧壁3的双壁结构内的空间或者为此根据本发明的优选实施方案由焊接在一起的两个部分构成以形成双壁结构的基底部件2可以用于其它目的。例如它可以为这些双壁结构的内部设置如此布置的肋条,从而在其中可以形成通道,这些通道用于通过推动流体穿过所述通道来进行加热或冷却。
还可以利用该空间来设置具有内置发送器的微芯片,也被称为智能卡。这些智能卡可以保持有关集装箱内容、包装日期、操作人员、接收者等的信息,并且可以在运输期间的任意时刻编程以保持任意类型的逻辑信息。它还可以设有一GPS转发器,从而可以在运输期间的任意时刻确定其方位。微芯片还可以设有应急发射机和可以检测泄漏的传感器。这个选择在以下情况中是合适的,其中集装箱1用来运输危险货物。集装箱1可以通过无线电发射来表明其位置、内容和已经出现泄漏的情况,从而可以计划采取正确的动作。
图2显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的上部,其中采用锁紧部件53来将盖子5锁到侧壁3上。盖子5设有一外缘51和一内缘52。该盖子5因此设有用来将所述盖子5锁在侧壁3上的锁紧部件53。锁紧部件53设有操纵把手531、垂直布置的枢轴532以及锁紧离合器533。侧壁3设有狭槽39,它们用来与所述锁紧离合器533相互作用,由此通过转动运动来使所述锁紧部件53操作。如此设置枢轴532的长度,从侧壁3的上边缘到狭槽39的距离以及外缘51的高度,从而在将盖子5装配在竖立侧壁3上时所述狭槽39由外缘51挡住。
图3显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的下部,其中锁紧部件53在折叠侧壁3时用来将盖子5锁到基底部件2上。该盖子5因此设有用于将所述盖子5锁在侧壁3上的锁紧部件53,该锁紧部件53用来在侧壁3(参见图3)处于折叠状态时将盖子5锁在基底部件2上。锁紧部件53设有操纵把手531、垂直布置的枢轴532以及锁紧离合器533。基底部件2的向上延伸侧壁支撑件21设有下狭槽22,这使得盖子5在侧壁3处于折叠状态中时能够被锁紧部件53和下狭槽22锁在基底部件2上。
图4显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的下部,其中侧壁3铰接在基底部件2上。侧壁3在下边缘64处设有角形凹槽6,每个角形凹槽6具有一水平边缘61和两个垂直边缘62。水平延伸的枢轴63布置在位于下边缘64附近的每个垂直边缘62上。在水平边缘61上还布置有锁紧闩锁65,所述锁紧闩锁65主要从所述水平边缘61垂直延伸出并且具有设置在其自由端上的锁紧跟部65。基底部件2设有插座23,这些插座23具有向内并且向上面对的孔道以及与侧壁的内表面垂直地布置的两个垂直表面24。垂直表面24设有布置在侧壁3的前表面附近的垂直沟槽,所述垂直沟槽25在垂直沟槽25的底部处改变方向,从而它向内延伸。垂直沟槽25、枢轴63、垂直表面24和垂直边缘62布置成相互作用。在基底部件2上还布置有一狭窄垂直沟槽26,该狭窄垂直沟槽26设有锁紧肋条27,这些肋条布置成与所述锁紧闩锁65和所述锁紧跟部66相互作用。
具有单独锁紧闩锁65的特定设计其优点在于,将防止侧壁3意外与基底部件2脱开。可以很容易用简单的工具例如螺丝刀将使它与锁紧闩锁65暂时脱开,从而可以使侧壁3与基底部件2分开。由此可以很容易更换受损的部件以及在需要进行彻底清洗时获得通向该集装箱1的隐藏部分的通道。
具有单独锁紧闩锁65的特定设计也很容易装配。只要使该侧壁下降,从而枢轴63与垂直沟槽25接合。一旦侧壁3已经第一次竖立并且将仍然保持锁定直到如上所述一样被更改,锁紧闩锁65将卡扣进锁定位置。
图5显示出根据本发明的可折叠散货集装箱1的上部角部,其中两个相邻侧壁31、34分别锁在一起。两个第一相对侧壁31、32因此分别设有分别从所述第一侧壁31、32的外表面垂直伸出的连接部件35。连接部件35分别布置在所述第一侧壁31、32的垂直边缘附近。两个相对第二侧壁33、34分别设有分别沿着所述第二侧壁33、34的两个垂直边缘垂直布置在后表面上的连接缘。接收连接部件36′布置在分别平行于所述第二侧壁33、34的后表面伸出的所述连接缘36的内表面上。接收连接部件36′分别用来与所述第一侧壁31、32的所述连接部件35相互作用。所述第二侧壁33、34的后表面在两个垂直边缘附近还设有凹槽37,同时所述第一侧壁31、32的垂直边缘分别设有跟部38,这些跟部38用来与所述凹槽37相互作用。
本发明不限于所示的实施方案,因为这些实施方案可以在本发明的范围内按照几种方式进行改变。
Claims (22)
1.一种货盘式集装箱形式的可折叠散货集装箱(1),用于运输和存放流体和颗粒货物,该集装箱(1)包括设有滑轨(20)的承载基底部件(2)、可折叠侧壁(3)、以及一可拆卸盖(5),由此所述侧壁(3)通过铰链可活动地连接在所述基底部件上,并且相邻的侧壁(3)机械锁紧在一起,其中所述盖子(5)设有一外缘(51)和一内缘(52),而两个相对的第一侧壁(31、32)设有从所述第一侧壁(31、32)的外表面垂直伸出并且靠近所述第一侧壁(31、32)的垂直边缘设置的连接部件(35),并且两个相对的第二侧壁(33、34)设有沿着所述第二侧壁(33、34)的两个垂直边缘垂直布置在后表面上的连接缘(36),接收连接部件(36′)布置在与所述第二侧壁(33、34)的后表面平行地伸出的所述连接缘(36)的内表面上,该接收连接部件(36′)用来与所述第一侧壁(31、32)的所述连接部件(35)相互作用,所述第二侧壁(33、34)的后表面还设有靠近两个垂直边缘的凹槽(37),而所述第一侧壁(31、32)的垂直边缘设有跟部(38),该跟部(38)用来与所述凹槽(37)相互作用,所述盖(5)的外缘(51)和内缘(52)如此布置,从而当所述盖(5)装配在所述侧壁(3)上时它们限制了竖立侧壁(3)的向内和向外的运动。
2.如权利要求1所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述盖子(5)设有锁紧部件(53),用来将所述盖子(5)锁在所述侧壁(3)上。
3.如权利要求2所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述锁紧部件(53)设有一操纵把手(531)、一垂直布置的枢轴(532)以及一锁紧离合器(533),所述侧壁(3)设有用来与所述锁紧离合器(533)接合的狭槽(39),由此通过转动运动来操作所述锁紧部件(53)。
4.如权利要求3所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述枢轴(532)的长度、从侧壁(3)的上边缘到狭槽(39)的距离以及外缘(51)的高度如此设置,从而在将盖子(5)装配在竖立侧壁(3)上时所述狭槽(39)被外缘(51)挡住。
5.如权利要求2-4中任一项所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述基底部件(2)的向上延伸的侧壁支撑件(21)设有下狭槽(22),用于使得当侧壁(3)装载在折叠位置中时能够通过锁紧部件(53)和所述下狭槽(22)将盖子(5)锁在基底部件(2)上。
6.如权利要求1所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述侧壁(3)在下边缘(64)处设有角形凹槽(6),每个角形凹槽(6)具有一水平边缘(61)和两个垂直边缘(62),水平延伸的枢轴(63)在下边缘(64)附近布置在每个垂直边缘(62)上,另外在所述水平边缘(61)上还布置有一锁紧闩锁(65),所述锁紧闩锁(65)从所述水平边缘(61)大体上垂直延伸出并且具有靠近其自由端设置的锁紧跟部(66),所述基底部件(2)设有插座(23),该插座(23)具有向内且向上面对的孔道以及与侧壁(3)的内表面垂直地布置的两个垂直表面(24),所述垂直表面(24)设有靠近侧壁(3)的前表面布置的垂直沟槽(25),所述垂直沟槽(25)在其底部处改变方向从而它向内延伸,所述垂直沟槽(25)、所述枢轴(63)、所述垂直表面(24)和所述垂直边缘(62)布置成相互接合,另外在基底部件(2)上还布置有一狭窄垂直沟槽(26),并且所述狭窄垂直沟槽(26)设有布置成与所述锁紧闩锁(65)和所述锁紧跟部(66)接合的锁紧肋条(27)。
7.如权利要求1所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述侧壁(3)由一内层和一外层构成,在这些层之间布置有一个连续的中空空间或几个分开的中空空间。
8.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,在所述一个中空空间中或在所述几个中空空间中的一个中布置有至少一个加强梁。
9.如权利要求8所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述加强梁由金属制成。
10.如权利要求8所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述加强梁由热塑性材料制成。
11.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述一个中空空间或几个中空空间中填充有其平均密度为50-500kg/m3的聚合泡沫。
12.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述内、外层通过用热塑性材料分别注射模制出来完成,这些层在注射模制之后通过焊接、螺钉、铆钉或卡扣相互连接。
13.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述内、外层通过真空模制板状热塑性工件制成,这些层在该材料仍然较热时通过焊接连接在一起。
14.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述内、外层通过对热塑性材料进行吹塑加工来制成。
15.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述侧壁(3)的外层具有大体上为平面的外表面。
16.如权利要求7所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述侧壁(3)的内层具有大体上为平面的外表面。
17.如权利要求6-16中任一项所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,它主要是通过选自由注射模制、真空模制、吹塑和它们的组合方法组成的组中的方法由一种或多种聚合材料制成,该聚合材料选自由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚氯乙稀、聚对苯二甲酸亚烷基二醇酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚酰胺和聚碳酸酯组成的组中。
18.如权利要求1所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述集装箱(1)还包括袋状内层形式的衬里。
19.如权利要求10所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述热塑性材料填充有加强材料,该加强材料为玻璃纤维、碳纤维或芳族聚酰胺纤维。
20.如权利要求1或19所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述热塑性材料为聚烯烃或聚酰胺。
21.如权利要求9所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,所述金属为铝或钢。
22.如权利要求11所述的可折叠散货集装箱(1),其中,该泡沫由聚氨基甲酸乙酯或聚烯烃构成。
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- 2002-09-10 JP JP2003528478A patent/JP4079882B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-10 DE DE60212860T patent/DE60212860T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-10 CN CNB028207173A patent/CN100506657C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-10 US US10/490,047 patent/US7287661B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-10 ES ES02778129T patent/ES2266586T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-10 AT AT02778129T patent/ATE331670T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7287661B2 (en) | 2007-10-30 |
ATE331670T1 (de) | 2006-07-15 |
DE60212860D1 (de) | 2006-08-10 |
SE0103120D0 (sv) | 2001-09-19 |
EP1427641B1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
PT1427641E (pt) | 2006-09-29 |
EP1427641A1 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
WO2003024815A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
JP4079882B2 (ja) | 2008-04-23 |
US20040238400A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
DE60212860T2 (de) | 2007-01-11 |
ES2266586T3 (es) | 2007-03-01 |
JP2005502555A (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
CN1571748A (zh) | 2005-01-26 |
SE520413C2 (sv) | 2003-07-08 |
SE0103120L (sv) | 2003-03-20 |
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