CN100445477C - 形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件 - Google Patents
形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件 Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
- E02D2200/13—Geometrical or physical properties having at least a mesh portion
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0085—Geotextiles
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
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Abstract
一种用于形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件,包括一个底壁(L)、一个顶壁(U)和一个前壁(F),前壁(F)的一个端部边(3、4)以枢接的方式连接到底壁(L)或顶壁(U)的至少一个边。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及地被覆盖、约束和加固结构领域,诸如用于增加斜坡、路基等的稳定性。
背景技术
申请人过去已经开发了多种上述类型的结构并被证明具有的显著的适用性和效果。例如,以申请人名义的文献EP1012406披露了一种结构,通过折叠双扭的金属网的框架形成一种具有底壁、前壁和后壁的结构。金属网前壁由电焊的金属网组成的另外一个面板来加固。位于前壁上的一个土工合成材料层可以形成一种“绿色”墙,用于生长植被,植被有助于斜坡的稳定。
尽管上述的结构已经表明,它们能够有效地履行提高稳定性的任务,但它们的现场施工需要熟练的工人和特定的设备。比如说,要保持陡峭斜坡的稳定性,脚手架必须架设在工程前方,以便可从前壁侧面进入结构以对金属网进行手工折叠,这样就能得到顶壁部分。此外,在折叠过程中,网的金属结构在折叠线处会发生变形,使得现场的安装操作很费力并且在一些情形下安装不精确。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过一种形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件来解决上述的问题,在现场,该结构能按一种简单的方式准确安装,技能相对并不熟练的工人就可以完成作业,而且,该结构不需要使用特殊设备或是在工程前方架设脚手架。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种生产简单、经济的改进部件,该部件易于从工厂运送到施工地点,并且与那些已知类型的部件相比,至少具有相同的强度和可靠性。
为了达到上述目的,本发明涉及一种用于形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件,前壁包括至少一个电焊的金属网面板,底壁和顶壁各自均包括至少一个双扭六边形网格金属网面板,前壁在其端部边中的至少一个位置处以枢接的方式连接到底壁或顶壁的一个边,顶壁包括至少两个以枢接方式沿一公共边连接的面板,该公共边大体上与前壁的边平行。
附图说明
更多的特征和优点将在下述的详细描述的优选实施例中列出,优选实施例仅通过非限定性实例并参考附图给出,其中:
图1是本发明的改进部件的透视图,是一种备用的结构;
图2到图6示出了图1中的改进部件在使用中的连续步骤;
图6a是图6最终使用的布置的不同情况;
图7是一个约束壁或加固斜坡的截面,包括由多个图1所示部件形成的叠加的层。
具体实施方式
参考图1,部件1用于形成本发明的地被覆盖、约束和加固结构,包括有一个前壁F、一个底壁L和一个顶壁U。前壁F包括前面板2,并通过两个相对的边3、4以枢接的方式分别与底壁L的下部面板5和顶壁U的上部面板6连接。面板优选的为金属网,并且前部面板2特别地可由诸如方形网格形状的电焊金属网制成,而下部和上部面板5、6可以优选但非唯一地由双扭和六边形网格形状的金属网制成。面板间的枢接连接优选在工厂中通过机械制造的金属钉、金属带或其它已知的连接手段来实现。
一个由土工合成材料(geosynthetic material)或生物席垫(bio-matting)制成的覆盖层7可固定在对应于前部面板2的位置上,并且可以延伸到将下部和上部面板5、6的全部或部分覆盖住。支架装置8优选但非唯一的形状为三角形,它还与前部面板2连接。支架装置8还可以为固定到或钩住前部面板2和/或下部面板5的杆的形式。如附图中所示的三角形支架的例子中,每个支架装置仅前侧9与前部面板2以枢接方式连接,以便支架装置8可以叠合抵靠在前部面板2上,如图1中的点划线10所示,更便于部件1以扁平布置从工厂运送到工地。
为运输部件1所优选的布置示于图2中,其中前部面板2和上部面板6被叠合到下部面板5上,下部面板5的尺寸通常较大。可以理解的是,根据组成部件1的网状面板的特定尺寸和/或部件1包装的便利性,同时根据用于运输这些部件的交通工具的类型或尺寸,面板可以采用一种可选择的方式叠合,诸如以之字形形式叠合,在这一方式中,上部面板6被放置在前部面板3上,如图2的虚线箭头11所示。
在放置部件1之后,特别是下部面板5在地面上被加固之后,抬起前部面板2,如图3所示,直到它到达一个相对于下部面板5倾斜较大或者较小程度的位置。前部面板由支架装置8保持在适当位置上,支架装置定向为一定方向,以便其后侧12的端部分别支撑在下部面板5和前部面板2上。可以理解的是,这一目的能通过如上述的简易的可选择的杆状支架而实现。上部面板6可以用手保持在如图3示出的抬高的位置上,或可以通过使它沿虚线箭头13所示的方向倾斜而放置在前壁2的前表面上。显然,当部件1以上述的之字形叠合的布置运输到工地时,上部面板5常常是已经按照如上述的位置叠合在前部面板2的前表面上了。
地面加固操作随着在前部面板2的后面供应土层,优选是表层土而继续,如图4中所示。在相对于部件1的面板的层的截面上,土层14优选设置为基本上是三角形的剖面。如果上部面板6不太高,并且特别是基本上相应于或低于前部面板2的高度,可能使上部面板6沿图4中的虚线箭头15的方向倾斜,直到沿靠着土层14的后侧面,如图5到7中的附图标记16所示的位置。作为一种可选方案,上部面板6可能放置在更深的土层17上,优选将一结构堤基(如图6所示)在第一土层旁放置,以完成多层加固工程18中的一层,该结构工程整体在图7中示出,它通过顺次叠加部件1而形成。在该后面的示例中,部件1的最终结构具有常见的“C”形布置,其中下部和上部面板5、6基本平行。
上述的优选实施例可能有多种变化。例如,前壁F、底壁L和/或顶壁U可以由多个金属网面板彼此刚性连接或是以枢接方式连接而制成。诸如,顶壁U可被分为两部分,包括至少两个连接在一起的沿着一条公共边20枢接的金属网面板6a、6b,公共边20在图6a中用点划线示意性地图示出,其基本平行于前部面板2的边3、4。这样能够使土层14具有相对于部件1的面板的层,横截面的形状基本呈梯形的结构,土层的顶部放置面板6a,而面板6b被放置在与前壁F相对的倾斜侧,以便可以和随后提供的土层17结合。显而易见的,当顶壁U在一基本平行于底壁L的位置放置在土层上的情况下,土层14的结构可以是三角形或者梯形。
在不背离本发明的宗旨且不脱离本发明的保护范围的情况下,本发明所描述的实施例和结构的细节显而易见可以根据所描述和所图示的实施例和结构的细节进行广泛地变化。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件,前壁(F)包括至少一个电焊的金属网面板(2),底壁(L)和顶壁(U)各自均包括至少一个双扭六边形网格金属网面板(5、6、6a、6b),前壁(F)在其端部边(3、4)中的至少一个位置处以枢接的方式连接到底壁(L)或顶壁(U)的一个边,顶壁(U)包括至少两个以枢接方式沿一公共边(20)连接的面板(6a、6b),该公共边(20)大体上与前壁(F)的边平行。
2.如权利要求1所述的改进部件,其特征在于,前壁(F)在其两个相对的端部边(3、4)处以枢接的方式分别连接到底壁(L)的一个边和顶壁(U)的一个边。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的改进部件,其特征在于,顶壁(U)的高度基本上等于或小于前壁(F)的高度。
4.如权利要求1所述的改进部件,其特征在于,它包括支架装置(8),在使用中,该支架装置(8)用于以相对于底壁(L)倾斜的布置支撑前壁(F)。
5.如权利要求4所述的改进部件,其特征在于,支架装置包括至少一个三角形支架,其一个侧边以枢接的方式固定于前壁(F)。
6.如权利要求1所述的改进部件,其特征在于,一个土工合成材料层或生物席垫层固定于前壁。
7.如权利要求1所述的改进部件,其特征在于,前壁(F)与底壁(L)和/或顶壁(U)的枢接连接由工厂预制,所述部件以扁平的布置装载和/或运输到使用地点,其中前壁(F)放置在底壁(L)和/或顶壁(U)上。
8.如权利要求7所述的改进部件,其特征在于,前壁(F)以枢接方式与底壁(L)和顶壁(U)二者连接,所述部件(1)以扁平的布置装载和/或运输到使用地点,其中前壁(F)和预壁(U)二者都放置在底壁(L)上。
9.如权利要求7所述的改进部件,其特征在于,前壁(F)以枢接方式与底壁(L)和顶壁(U)二者连接,所述部件(1)以扁平的布置装载和/或运输到使用地点,其中前壁(F)、顶壁(U)和底壁(L)被折叠并至少部分地以之字形布置彼此叠置。
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IT000596A ITBO20020596A1 (it) | 2002-09-19 | 2002-09-19 | Elemento perfezionato per la realizzazione di strutture di rivestimento, contenimento ed armatura di terreni. |
ITBO2002A00596 | 2002-09-19 |
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CN100445477C true CN100445477C (zh) | 2008-12-24 |
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CNB038223171A Expired - Fee Related CN100445477C (zh) | 2002-09-19 | 2003-09-18 | 形成地被覆盖、约束和加固结构的改进部件 |
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US (1) | US7147405B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1579081B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20050050107A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100445477C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE406482T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003260900B9 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0314323A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2496163C (zh) |
CR (1) | CR7792A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60323263D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1579081T3 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA007124B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2312849T3 (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP20050350B1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL167291A (zh) |
IT (1) | ITBO20020596A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA05002980A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20051846L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ538684A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL375927A1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1579081E (zh) |
SI (1) | SI1579081T1 (zh) |
UA (1) | UA83642C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004027161A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200502065B (zh) |
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US6857823B1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-02-22 | William K. Hilfiker | Earthen retaining wall having flat soil reinforcing mats which may be variably spaced |
-
2002
- 2002-09-19 IT IT000596A patent/ITBO20020596A1/it unknown
-
2003
- 2003-09-18 US US10/526,236 patent/US7147405B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-18 MX MXPA05002980A patent/MXPA05002980A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-09-18 WO PCT/IB2003/004139 patent/WO2004027161A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-09-18 AT AT03797487T patent/ATE406482T1/de active
- 2003-09-18 EP EP03797487A patent/EP1579081B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-18 CN CNB038223171A patent/CN100445477C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-18 DK DK03797487T patent/DK1579081T3/da active
- 2003-09-18 ES ES03797487T patent/ES2312849T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-18 PT PT03797487T patent/PT1579081E/pt unknown
- 2003-09-18 UA UAA200503708A patent/UA83642C2/uk unknown
- 2003-09-18 PL PL03375927A patent/PL375927A1/xx unknown
- 2003-09-18 NZ NZ538684A patent/NZ538684A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-18 AU AU2003260900A patent/AU2003260900B9/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-09-18 CA CA2496163A patent/CA2496163C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-18 BR BR0314323-6A patent/BR0314323A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-09-18 DE DE60323263T patent/DE60323263D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-18 SI SI200331418T patent/SI1579081T1/sl unknown
- 2003-09-18 KR KR1020057004681A patent/KR20050050107A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-09-18 EA EA200500507A patent/EA007124B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-03-07 IL IL167291A patent/IL167291A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-11 ZA ZA2005/02065A patent/ZA200502065B/en unknown
- 2005-04-08 CR CR7792A patent/CR7792A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-15 NO NO20051846A patent/NO20051846L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-04-19 HR HR20050350A patent/HRP20050350B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1101960A (zh) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-04-26 | 强化土工程株式会社 | 增强的地面结构 |
WO1996017134A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-06-06 | Phi Group Limited | Method and apparatus for supporting vegetative growth on a slope face |
WO1996033314A1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-24 | Fjerby A/S | A method for erecting a reinforced slope of earth |
WO1998038391A1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-09-03 | Officine Maccaferri S.P.A. | An element for forming ground covering, restraining and reinforcing structures, particularly for forming retaining walls |
WO2000031350A1 (de) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | Sytec Bausysteme Ag | Stützwandanordnung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60323263D1 (de) | 2008-10-09 |
US7147405B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
US20050271478A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
CR7792A (es) | 2005-08-22 |
NO20051846D0 (no) | 2005-04-15 |
HRP20050350A2 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
DK1579081T3 (da) | 2008-12-01 |
EP1579081B1 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
PT1579081E (pt) | 2008-12-12 |
PL375927A1 (en) | 2005-12-12 |
NZ538684A (en) | 2008-10-31 |
ITBO20020596A1 (it) | 2004-03-20 |
AU2003260900B2 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
ES2312849T3 (es) | 2009-03-01 |
WO2004027161A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
CN1681998A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
SI1579081T1 (sl) | 2009-02-28 |
IL167291A (en) | 2010-05-31 |
EP1579081A1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
AU2003260900B9 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
HRP20050350B1 (en) | 2012-04-30 |
CA2496163C (en) | 2013-05-28 |
EA007124B1 (ru) | 2006-06-30 |
CA2496163A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
KR20050050107A (ko) | 2005-05-27 |
AU2003260900A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
ZA200502065B (en) | 2005-10-26 |
MXPA05002980A (es) | 2005-06-22 |
UA83642C2 (uk) | 2008-08-11 |
NO20051846L (no) | 2005-06-17 |
EA200500507A1 (ru) | 2005-08-25 |
ATE406482T1 (de) | 2008-09-15 |
BR0314323A (pt) | 2005-07-05 |
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